6. Sūrat al-Anʿām

٦۔ سُورَةُ الأنعَام

Qurʾān > Chapter 6 > Section 38
القرآن > كتاب ٦ > باب ٣٨

6.38 In Islam, forbidden things are based on fundamental moral principles.

٦۔٣٨ مقطع في سُورَةُ الأنعَام

quran:6:151 –

Say, "Come, I will recite what your Lord has prohibited to you. ˹He commands˺ that you not associate anything with Him, and to parents, good treatment, and do not kill your children out of poverty; We will provide for you and them. And do not approach immoralities - what is apparent of them and what is concealed. And do not kill the soul which Allah has forbidden ˹to be killed˺ except by ˹legal˺ right. This has He instructed you that you may use reason."  

Say: ‘Come, I will recite that which your Lord has made a sacred duty for you: that (allā: ˹consisting of anlā˺ an being explicative) you associate nothing with Him, that you be dutiful to parents, and that you do not slay your children, by burying them alive, because of poverty, destitution, that you may fear — We will provide for you and them — and that you do not draw near any acts of lewdness, grave sins, such as fornication, whether it be manifest or concealed, that is, ˹acts committed˺ overtly or in secret, and that you do not slay the life which God has made sacred, except rightfully, as in the case of retaliation, or ˹as˺ the prescribed punishment for apostasy, and the stoning of an adulterer. This, which is mentioned, is what He has charged you with, that perhaps you will understand, reflect.
القرآن:٦:١٥١ –

قُلْ تَعَالَوْا أَتْلُ مَا حَرَّمَ رَبُّكُمْ عَلَيْكُمْ ۖ أَلَّا تُشْرِكُوا بِهِ شَيْئًا ۖ وَبِالْوَالِدَيْنِ إِحْسَانًا ۖ وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا أَوْلَادَكُمْ مِنْ إِمْلَاقٍ ۖ نَحْنُ نَرْزُقُكُمْ وَإِيَّاهُمْ ۖ وَلَا تَقْرَبُوا الْفَوَاحِشَ مَا ظَهَرَ مِنْهَا وَمَا بَطَنَ ۖ وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا النَّفْسَ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ إِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ ۚ ذَٰلِكُمْ وَصَّاكُمْ بِهِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَعْقِلُونَ  

{قل تعالوا أتل} أقرأ {ما حرم ربكم عليكم أ} ن مفسرة {لا تشركوا به شيئا و} أحسنوا {بالوالدين إحسانا ولا تقتلوا أولادكم} بالوأد {من} أجل {إملاق} فقر تخافونه {نحن نرزقكم وإياكم ولا تقربوا الفواحش} الكبائر كالزنا {ما ظهر منها وما بطن} أي علانيتها وسرها {ولا تقتلوا النفس التي حرَّم الله إلا بالحق} كالقود وحد الردة ورجم المحصن {ذلكم} المذكور {وصاكم به لعلكم تعقلون} تتدبرون.
quran:6:152 –

And do not approach the orphan's property except in a way that is best until he reaches maturity. And give full measure and weight in justice. We do not charge any soul except ˹with that within˺ its capacity. And when you testify, be just, even if ˹it concerns˺ a near relative. And the covenant of Allah fulfill. This has He instructed you that you may remember.  

And that you do not approach the property of the orphan save with that, approach, which is fairer, namely, the one wherein lie his best interests, until he is of age, when he is sexually mature. And give full measure and full weight, in justice, fairly, desisting from any fraud. We do not charge any soul beyond its capacity, what it can bear in such ˹matters˺, so that if one makes a mistake in a measure or weight, and God knows that his intention had been well-meaning, then he suffers no blame, as is stated in one hadīth. And if you speak, ˹to pass˺ a judgement or otherwise, then be just, by being truthful, even if he, the person receiving the statement or the one being accused in it, should be a kinsman. And fulfil God’s covenant. This is what He has charged you with, that perhaps you will remember (read tadhakkarūn or tadhkurūn), you will be admonished.
القرآن:٦:١٥٢ –

وَلَا تَقْرَبُوا مَالَ الْيَتِيمِ إِلَّا بِالَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ حَتَّىٰ يَبْلُغَ أَشُدَّهُ ۖ وَأَوْفُوا الْكَيْلَ وَالْمِيزَانَ بِالْقِسْطِ ۖ لَا نُكَلِّفُ نَفْسًا إِلَّا وُسْعَهَا ۖ وَإِذَا قُلْتُمْ فَاعْدِلُوا وَلَوْ كَانَ ذَا قُرْبَىٰ ۖ وَبِعَهْدِ اللَّهِ أَوْفُوا ۚ ذَٰلِكُمْ وَصَّاكُمْ بِهِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَذَكَّرُونَ  

{ولا تقربوا مال اليتيم إلا بالتي} أي بالخصلة التي {هي أحسن} وهي ما فيه صلاحه {حتى يبلغ أشدَّه} بأن يحتلم {وأوفوا الكيل والميزان بالقسط} بالعدل وترك البخس {لا نكلف نفسا إلا وسعها} طاقتها في ذلك فإن أخطأ في الكيل والوزن والله يعلم صحة نيته فلا مؤاخذة عليه كما ورد في حديث {وإذا قلتم} في حكم أو غيره {فاعدلوا} بالصدق {ولو كان} المقول له أو عليه {ذا قربى} قرابة {وبعهد الله أوفوا ذلكم وصَّاكم به لعلكم تذكَّرون} بالتشديد تتعظون والسكون.
quran:6:153 –

And, ˹moreover˺, this is My path, which is straight, so follow it; and do not follow ˹other˺ ways, for you will be separated from His way. This has He instructed you that you may become righteous.  

And that (read anna, with lām ˹of li-anna, ‘because’˺ being implied, or inna, as beginning a new sentence) this, that I have charged you with, is My straight path (mustaqīman, ‘straight’, is a circumstantial qualifier), so follow it; and do not follow other ways, paths opposed to it, lest it separate you (tafarraqa: one of the two letters tā’ ˹of the original tatafarraqa˺ has been omitted) make you incline, away from His way, His religion. This is what He has ordained for you, that perhaps you will be God-fearing’.
القرآن:٦:١٥٣ –

وَأَنَّ هَٰذَا صِرَاطِي مُسْتَقِيمًا فَاتَّبِعُوهُ ۖ وَلَا تَتَّبِعُوا السُّبُلَ فَتَفَرَّقَ بِكُمْ عَنْ سَبِيلِهِ ۚ ذَٰلِكُمْ وَصَّاكُمْ بِهِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَتَّقُونَ  

{وأنَّ} بالفتح على تقدير اللام والكسر استئنافا {هذا} الذي وصيتكم به {صراطي مستقيما} حال {فاتَّبعوه ولا تتبعوا السبل} الطرق المخالفة له {فتفرَّق} فيه حذف إحدى التاءين تميل {بكم عن سبيله} دينه {ذلكم وصاكم به لعلكم تتقون}
quran:6:154 –

Then We gave Moses the Scripture, making complete ˹Our favor˺ upon the one who did good and as a detailed explanation of all things and as guidance and mercy that perhaps in ˹the matter of˺ the meeting with their Lord they would believe.  

Then (thumma is for ˹describing events in a˺ sequence) We gave Moses the Scripture, the Torah, complete, in grace, for him who does good, by observing it, and a detailing, an explanation, of all things, needed for religion, and as a guidance and a mercy, that perhaps they, that is, the Children of Israel, might believe in the encounter with their Lord, through the Resurrection.
القرآن:٦:١٥٤ –

ثُمَّ آتَيْنَا مُوسَى الْكِتَابَ تَمَامًا عَلَى الَّذِي أَحْسَنَ وَتَفْصِيلًا لِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ وَهُدًى وَرَحْمَةً لَعَلَّهُمْ بِلِقَاءِ رَبِّهِمْ يُؤْمِنُونَ  

{ثم آتينا موسى الكتاب} التوراة وثم لترتيب الأخبار {تماما} للنعمة {على الذي أحسن} بالقيام به {وتفصيلا} بيانا {لكل شيء} يحتاج إليه في الدين {وهدىّ ورحمة لعلهم} أي بني إسرائيل {بلقاء ربهم} بالبعث {يؤمنون}.