6. Sūrat al-Anʿām

٦۔ سُورَةُ الأنعَام

6.19 Abraham learned faith through the study of nature with his common sense.

٦۔١٩ مقطع في سُورَةُ الأنعَام

quran:6:74

And ˹mention, O Muhammad˺, when Abraham said to his father Azar, "Do you take idols as deities? Indeed, I see you and your people to be in manifest error."  

And, mention, when Abraham said to his father Āzar, which was his cognomen, his ˹first˺ name being Terah (Tārikh): ‘Do you take idols as gods, to worship? (an interrogative meant as a rebuke). I see you and your people, by ˹this act of˺ taking them ˹as gods˺, in manifest error’, far from the truth.
القرآن:٦:٧٤

وَإِذْ قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ لِأَبِيهِ آزَرَ أَتَتَّخِذُ أَصْنَامًا آلِهَةً ۖ إِنِّي أَرَاكَ وَقَوْمَكَ فِي ضَلَالٍ مُبِينٍ  

{و} اذكر {إذ قال إبراهيم لأبيه آزرَ} هو لقبه واسمه تارخ {أتتخذ أصناما آلهة} تعبدها إستفهام توبيخ {إني أراك وقومك} باتخاذها {في ضلال} عن الحق {مبين} بيِّن.
quran:6:75

And thus did We show Abraham the realm of the heavens and the earth that he would be among the certain ˹in faith˺  

And so, just as We show him the misguidance of his father and his people, We show Abraham the kingdom of the heavens and the earth, that he might infer thereby ˹the truth of˺ Our Oneness, and that he might be of those knowing, it, with certainty (the sentence beginning with wa-kadhālika, ‘and so’, and what follows it, is a parenthetical statement and a supplement to ˹the one beginning with˺ qāla, ‘he said’).
القرآن:٦:٧٥

وَكَذَٰلِكَ نُرِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ مَلَكُوتَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَلِيَكُونَ مِنَ الْمُوقِنِينَ  

{وكذلك} كما أريناه إضلال أبيه وقومه {نري إبراهيم ملكوت} ملك {السماوات والأرض} ليستدل به على وحدانيتنا {وليكون من الموقنين} بها وجملة وكذلك وما بعدها اعتراض وعطف على قال.
quran:6:76

So when the night covered him ˹with darkness˺, he saw a star. He said, "This is my lord." But when it set, he said, "I like not those that disappear."  

When night descended, ˹when˺ it darkened, upon him he saw a star — said to have been Venus — and said, to his people, who were astrologers: ‘This is my Lord’, as you ˹are wont to˺ claim. But when it set, when it disappeared, he said, ‘I love not those that set’, to take them as lords, because it is not possible for a ˹true˺ Lord to be transformed or to change place, as such ˹attributes˺ pertain to accidents — but this had no effect on them.
القرآن:٦:٧٦

فَلَمَّا جَنَّ عَلَيْهِ اللَّيْلُ رَأَىٰ كَوْكَبًا ۖ قَالَ هَٰذَا رَبِّي ۖ فَلَمَّا أَفَلَ قَالَ لَا أُحِبُّ الْآفِلِينَ  

{فلما جن} أظلم {عليه الليل رأى كوكبا} قيل هو الزهرة {قال} لقومه وكانوا نجامين {هذا ربي} في زعمكم {فما أفل} غاب {قال لا أحب الآفلين} أن أتخذهم أربابا لأن الرب لا يجوز عليه التغير والانتقال لأنهما من شأن الحوادث فلم ينجع فيهم ذلك.
quran:6:77

And when he saw the moon rising, he said, "This is my lord." But when it set, he said, "Unless my Lord guides me, I will surely be among the people gone astray."  

And when he saw the moon rising, appearing, he said, to them: ‘This is my Lord.’ But when it set he said, ‘Unless my Lord guides me, ˹unless˺ He establishes me within ˹true˺ guidance, I shall surely become one of the folk who are astray’ — an intimation to his people that they are astray, but still this had no effect on them.
القرآن:٦:٧٧

فَلَمَّا رَأَى الْقَمَرَ بَازِغًا قَالَ هَٰذَا رَبِّي ۖ فَلَمَّا أَفَلَ قَالَ لَئِنْ لَمْ يَهْدِنِي رَبِّي لَأَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ الضَّالِّينَ  

{فما رأى القمر بازغا} طالعا {قال} لهم {هذا ربي فلما أفل قال لئن لم يهدني ربي} يثبتني على الهدى {لأكوننَّ من القوم الضَّالين} تعريض لقومه بأنهم على ضلال فلم ينجع فيهم ذلك.
quran:6:78

And when he saw the sun rising, he said, "This is my lord; this is greater." But when it set, he said, "O my people, indeed I am free from what you associate with Allah.  

And when he saw the sun rising, he said, ‘This is my Lord; this is greater!’ than the star and the moon (the masculine ˹demonstrative pronoun˺ hādhā, ‘this’, is used ˹for the feminine shams, ‘sun’˺ because the predicate ˹rabbī, ‘my Lord’˺ is masculine). But when it set, and the argument against them had become stronger and they still had not repented, he said, ‘O my people, surely I am innocent of what you associate, with God, in the way of idols and accidental bodies, which require an originator. They then asked him, ‘What do you worship?’
القرآن:٦:٧٨

فَلَمَّا رَأَى الشَّمْسَ بَازِغَةً قَالَ هَٰذَا رَبِّي هَٰذَا أَكْبَرُ ۖ فَلَمَّا أَفَلَتْ قَالَ يَا قَوْمِ إِنِّي بَرِيءٌ مِمَّا تُشْرِكُونَ  

{فلما رأى الشمس بازغة قال هذا} ذكره لتذكير خبره {ربي هذا أكبر} من الكواكب والقمر {فلما أفلت} وقويت عليهم الحجة ولم يرجعوا {قال يا قوم إني بريء مما تشركون} بالله من الأصنام والأجرام المحدثة المحتاجة إلى محدث فقالوا له ما تبعد؟.
quran:6:79

Indeed, I have turned my face toward He who created the heavens and the earth, inclining toward truth, and I am not of those who associate others with Allah."  

He said: Verily I have turned my face to, I am seeking in worship, Him Who originated, created, the heavens and the earth, namely, God; a hanīf, inclining towards the upright religion, and I am not of those that associate others’, with Him.
القرآن:٦:٧٩

إِنِّي وَجَّهْتُ وَجْهِيَ لِلَّذِي فَطَرَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ حَنِيفًا ۖ وَمَا أَنَا مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ  

قال {إني وجهت وجهي} قصدت بعبادتي {للذي فطر} خلق {السماوات والأرض} أي الله {حنيفا} مائلا إلى الدين القيم {وما أنا من المشركين} به.