5. Fasting
٥۔ كِتَابُ الصِّيَامِ
"Hafsah and I were both fasting when we were presented some food that we really wanted, so we ate from it. The Messenger of Allah came, and Hafsah beat me to him - she was the daughter of her father - and she said: 'O Messenger of Allah! We were both fasting when we were presented with some food that we wanted, so we ate from it.' He said: 'Make up another day in its place.'" (Using translation from Tirmidhī 735)
كُنْتُ أَنَا وَحَفْصَةُ صَائِمَتَيْنِ فَعَرَضَ لَنَا طَعَامٌ فَاشْتَهَيْنَاهُ فَأَفْطَرْنَا فَدَخَلَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَبَادَرَتْ إِلَيْهِ حَفْصَةُ وَكَانَتْ ابْنَةَ أَبِيهَا فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّا أَصْبَحْنَا الْيَوْمَ صَائِمَتَيْنِ فَعَرَضَ لَنَا طَعَامٌ فَاشْتَهَيْنَاهُ فَقَالَ «اقْضِيَا يَوْمًا آخَرَ»
[Machine] "A sheep was gifted to Hafsah while we were fasting, so she allowed me to break my fast. She was the daughter of her father. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came to us, we mentioned this to him, and he said, 'Exchange that day with another.' Muhammad ibn Mansur informed us, Sufyan narrated to us, we heard it from Salih ibn Abi al-Akhdar, from al-Zuhri, from Uruwah, from Aisha, she said, 'Hafsah and I were both fasting, and food was presented to us with great eagerness.' Sufyan said, they asked al-Zuhri, and I was present, is it from Uruwah? He said, 'No.' Abu Abd al-Rahman said, 'The correct narration is from Ibn Uyaynah, from al-Zuhri, and Salih ibn Abi al-Akhdar is weak in the narration of al-Zuhri and in other than al-Zuhri. Sufyan ibn Husayn and Ja'far ibn Burqan are not strong narrators in the narration of al-Zuhri, but there is no problem with them in other than al-Zuhri.'"
أُهْدِيَتْ لِحَفْصَةَ شَاةٌ وَنَحْنُ صَائِمَتَانِ فَأَفْطَرَتْنِي وَكَانَتْ ابْنَةَ أَبِيهَا فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَيْنَا ذَكَرْنَا ذَلِكَ لَهُ فَقَالَ «أَبْدِلَا يَوْمًا مَكَانَهُ» 3280 أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ قَالَ سَمِعْنَاهُ مِنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ أَبِي الْأَخْضَرِ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ أَصْبَحْتُ أَنَا وَحَفْصَةُ صَائِمَتَيْنِ فَأُهْدِيَ لَنَا طَعَامٌ مَحْرُوصٌ عَلَيْهِ وَقَالَ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ قَالَ سَأَلُوا الزُّهْرِيَّ وَأَنَا شَاهِدٌ أَهُوَ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ؟ قَالَ لَا قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ «الصَّوَابُ مَا رَوَى ابْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ وَصَالِحُ بْنُ أَبِي الْأَخْضَرِ ضَعِيفٌ فِي الزُّهْرِيِّ وَفِي غَيْرِ الزُّهْرِيِّ وَسُفْيَانُ بْنُ حُسَيْنٍ وَجَعْفَرُ بْنُ بُرْقَانَ لَيْسَا بِالْقَوِيَّيْنِ فِي الزُّهْرِيِّ وَلَا بَأْسَ بِهِمَا فِي غَيْرِ الزُّهْرِيِّ»
[Machine] It was given to her and to Hafsah some food, and they were fasting, so they broke their fast. Hafsah asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and she was the daughter of Umar. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered her to fast another day in place of it. Yahya bin Ayyub said, "I also heard Salih bin Kaysan narrating the same Hadith, and I found it with me in another place." Salih bin Kaysan and Yahya bin Sa'id narrated it similarly. This is also an error.
أَنَّهُ أُهْدِيَ لَهَا وَلِحَفْصَةَ طَعَامٌ وَهُمَا صَائِمَتَانِ فَأَفْطَرَتَا عَلَيْهِ فَسَأَلَتْ حَفْصَةُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ وَكَانَتِ ابْنَةَ عُمَرَ فَأَمَرَهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «أَنْ تَصُومَ يَوْمًا مَكَانَهُ» قَالَ يَحْيَى بْنُ أَيُّوبَ وَسَمِعْتُ صَالِحَ بْنَ كَيْسَانَ بِمِثْلِهِ وَجَدْتُهُ عِنْدِي فِي مَوْضِعٍ آخَرَ حَدَّثَنِي صَالِحُ بْنُ كَيْسَانَ وَيَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ مِثْلَهُ وَهَذَا أَيْضًا خَطَأٌ
[Machine] I became fasting, me and Hafsah. Some food was gifted to us and we liked it, so we broke our fast. Then the Prophet ﷺ entered and Hafsah signaled to me, so she asked him and he said, "Fast another day in its place." Abu 'Abdur-Rahman said, "Both of them made a mistake." Ma'mar sent him (this information). Muhammad bin Hatim informed us that Suwayd informed us that Abdullah narrated from Ma'mar, from Az-Zuhri who said, "Aisha said, 'Me and Hafsah both started fasting.'"
أَصْبَحْتُ صَائِمَةً أَنَا وَحَفْصَةُ أُهْدِيَ لَنَا طَعَامٌ فَأَعْجَبَنَا فَأَفْطَرْنَا فَدَخَلَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَبَدَرَتْنِي حَفْصَةُ فَسَأَلَتْهُ فَقَالَ «صُومَا يَوْمًا مَكَانَهُ» قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ هُمَا جَمِيعًا خَطَأٌ أَرْسَلَهُ مَعْمَرٌ 3283 أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَاتِمٍ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا سُوَيْدٌ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ قَالَ قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ أَصْبَحْتُ أَنَا وَحَفْصَةُ صَائِمَتَيْنِ وَسَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ
[Machine] To ask the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , So Hafsah came forward and she was the daughter of her father, so she asked the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , So he commanded her "to make up for that day." 3285 Al-Harith bin Misjin recited on him and I hear from Ibn Qasim. He said, Malik told us about Ibn Shihab that Aisha and Hafsah were similar to him [i.e., sent].
أَنْ نَسْأَلَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَبَادَرَتْنِي حَفْصَةُ وَكَانَتِ ابْنَةَ أَبِيهَا فَسَأَلَتْ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَمَرَهَا «بِقَضَاءِ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ مُرْسَلٌ» 3285 الْحَارِثُ بْنُ مِسْكِينٍ قِرَاءَةً عَلَيْهِ وَأَنَا أَسْمَعُ عَنِ ابْنِ الْقَاسِمِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي مَالِكٌ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ وَحَفْصَةَ نَحْوَهُ مُرْسَلٌ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ came to us and we said: "We have some bread that we have hidden for you." He said, "Bring it closer." So he ate and said, "I had intended to fast, but I will fast a day in its place." Abu 'Abdur-Rahman said, "This wording is incorrect. A group has narrated this hadith from Talhah, but none of them mentioned 'but I will fast a day in its place.'"
دَخَلَ عَلَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَقُلْنَا إِنَّ عِنْدَنَا حَيْسًا قَدْ خَبَأْنَاهُ لَكَ قَالَ «قَرِّبُوهُ» فَأَكَلَ وَقَالَ «إِنِّي قَدْ كُنْتُ أَرَدْتُ الصَّوْمَ وَلَكِنْ أَصُومُ يَوْمًا مَكَانَهُ» قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ هَذَا اللَّفْظُ خَطَأٌ قَدْ رَوَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ جَمَاعَةٌ عَنْ طَلْحَةَ فَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ أَحَدٌ مِنْهُمْ «وَلَكِنْ أَصُومُ يَوْمًا مَكَانَهُ»
[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ entered upon Hafsah and Aisha while they were fasting, then he left and came back while they were eating, so he said, "Weren't you both fasting?" They replied, "Yes, but we were presented with this food as a gift, and we liked it, so we ate from it." He said, "Fast for a day instead." Abu Abdur Rahman said, "This narration is rejected and weak in its chain of narration, and it is a speech that I have no knowledge of. The correct narration is from Ma'mar, Malik, and Ubaidullah."
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ دَخَلَ عَلَى حَفْصَةَ وَعَائِشَةَ وَهُمَا صَائِمَتَانِ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فَرَجَعَ وَهُمَا تَأْكُلَانِ فَقَالَ «أَلَمْ تَكُونَا صَائِمَتَيْنِ؟» قَالَتَا بَلَى وَلَكِنْ أُهْدِيَ لَنَا هَذَا الطَّعَام فَأَعْجَبَنَا فَأَكَلْنَا مِنْهُ قَالَ «صُومَا يَوْمًا مَكَانَهُ» قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ مُنْكَرٌ وَخُصَيْفٌ ضَعِيفٌ فِي الْحَدِيثِ وَخَطَّابٌ لا عِلْمَ لِي بِهِ وَالصَّوَابُ حَدِيثُ مَعْمَرٍ وَمَالِكٍ وَعُبَيْدِ اللهِ