5. Fasting
٥۔ كِتَابُ الصِّيَامِ
"A Bedouin came to the Prophet with a rabbit that he had grilled it and placed it in front of him. The Messenger of Allah refrained from eating, but he told the people to eat. The Bedouin also refrained, and the Prophet said to him: 'What is keeping you from eating?' He said: 'I fast three days of the month.' He said: 'If you was to fast, fast the shining days."' (Using translation from Nasāʾī 2421)
جَاءَ أَعْرَابِيٌّ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِأَرْنَبٍ قَدْ شَوَاهَا فَوَضَعَهَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَأَمْسَكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَلَمْ يَأْكُلْ وَأَمَرَ الْقَوْمَ أَنْ يَأْكُلُوا وَأَمْسَكَ الْأَعْرَابِيُّ فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «مَا يَمْنَعُكَ أَنْ تَأْكُلَ؟» قَالَ إِنِّي أَصُومُ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ مِنَ الشَّهْرِ قَالَ «إِنْ كُنْتَ صَائِمًا فَصُمِ الْغُرَّ»
"The Messenger of Allah commanded us to fast the three days of Al-Bid, the thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 2422)
أَمَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «أَنْ نَصُومَ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ مِنَ كُلِّ شَهْرٍ أَيَّامِ الْبِيضَ ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ وَأَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ وَخَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ»
"I heard Abu Dharr, at Ar-Rabadhah, saying: 'The Messenger of Allah said: if you want to fast at any time during the monthm then fast on the thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth."' (Using translation from Nasāʾī 2424)
قَالَ لِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «إِذَا صُمْتَ ثَلَاثًا مِنَ الشَّهْرِ فَصُمْ ثَلَاثًا يَعْنِي ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ وَأَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ وَخَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ»
"You should fast the thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth." (Hasan) Abu 'Abdur-Rahman (An-Nasai) said: This is a mistake, it is not a narration of Bayan; perhaps Sufyan said: "It was narrated to us by two (Ithnan)" and the 'Alif was dropped so it became Bayan. (Using translation from Nasāʾī 2425)
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ لِرَجُلٍ «عَلَيْكَ بِصِيَامِ ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ وَأَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ وَخَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ» قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ هَذَا خَطَأٌ لَيْسَ هَذَا مِنْ حَدِيثِ بَيَانٍ وَلَعَلَّ سُفْيَانَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا اثْنَانِ فَسَقَطَتِ الْأَلِفُ فَصَارَ بَيَانٌ
[Machine] "That the Prophet ﷺ commanded a man to fast for thirteen, fourteen, and fifteen [days]." Abu Abdullah bin Rahmah Al-Hakeem Al-Jubair said, "He is not capable [of doing so]."
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ «أَمَرَ رَجُلًا بِصِيَامِ ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ وَأَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ وَخَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ» قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ حَكِيمُ بْنُ جُبَيْرٍ لَيْسَ بِالْقَوِيِّ
"Ubayy said: 'A Bedouin came to the Messenger of Allah, and he had a rabbit that he had grilled and some bread. He placed it before the Prophet then he said: "I found it bleeding." The Messenger of Allah said to his Companions: "It doesn't matter; eat." And he said to the Bedouin: "Eat," He said: "I am fasting." He said: "If you want to fast then you should fast the shining days of Al-Bid: The thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 2427)
أُبَيٌّ جَاءَ أَعْرَابِيٌّ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَمَعَهُ أَرْنَبٌ قَدْ شَوَاهَا وَخُبْزٌ فَوَضَعَهَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنِّي وَجَدْتُ بِهَا دَمًا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَا يَضِيرُ كُلُوا وَقَالَ لِلْأَعْرَابِيِّ «كُلْ» قَالَ إِنِّي صَائِمٌ قَالَ «صَوْمُ مَاذَا؟» قَالَ صَوْمُ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ مِنَ الشَّهْرِ قَالَ «إِنْ كُنْتَ صَائِمًا فَعَلَيْكَ بِالْغُرِّ الْبِيضِ ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ وَأَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ وَخَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ» قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ ابْنُ أَبِي لَيْلَى سَيِّئُ الحِفْظِ والصَّوَابُ عَنْ أَبِي ذَرٍّ وَيُشْبِهُ أَنْ يَكُونَ وَقَعَ مِنَ الْكِتَابِ ذَرٌّ فَقِيلَ أُبيٌّ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ
a man brought a rabbit to the Prophet, and the prophet stretched out his hand toward it, then the one who had brought it said: "I saw some blood on it," So the Prophet drew his hand back, but he told the people to eat. Among the people there was a man who held back. The Prophet said: "What is the matter with you?" He said: "I am fasting." The Prophet said to him: "Why don't you fast on the three days of Al-Bid, the thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth?" (Using translation from Nasāʾī 2428)
أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ بِأَرْنَبٍ فَكَأَنَّ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مَدَّ يَدَهُ إِلَيْهَا فَقَالَ الَّذِي جَاءَ بِهَا إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ بِهَا دَمًا قَالَ فَكَفَّ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَدَهُ وَأَمَرَ الْقَوْمَ أَنْ يَأْكُلُوا وَكَانَ فِي الْقَوْمِ رَجُلٌ مُنْتَبِذٌ فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «مَا لَكَ؟» قَالَ إِنِّي صَائِمٌ فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «فَهَلَّا ثَلَاثَ الْبِيضِ ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ وَأَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ وَخَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ»
"A rabbit that a man had grilled was brought to the Prophet and when he offered it to him he said: 'O Messenger of Allah, I saw some blood on it." The Messenger of Allah did not eat it, but he said to those who were with him: "Eat; if I felt like it, I would have eaten it.' There was a man sitting, and the Messenger of Allah said: 'Come and eat with the people.' He said: 'O Messenger of Allah, I am fasting.' He said: 'Why don't you fast Al-Bid?' He said: 'What are they?' He said: "The thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth?"' (Using translation from Nasāʾī 2429)
أُتِيَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِأَرْنَبٍ قَدْ شَوَاهَا رَجُلٌ فَلَمَّا قَدَّمَهَا إِلَيْهِ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ بِهَا دَمًا فَتَرَكَهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَلَمْ يَأْكُلْهَا وَقَالَ لِمَنْ عِنْدَهُ «كُلُوا فَإِنِّي لَوْ اشْتَهَيْتُهَا أَكَلْتُهَا» وَرَجُلٌ جَالِسٌ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «ادْنُ فَكُلْ مَعَ الْقَوْمِ» فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنِّي صَائِمٌ قَالَ «فَهَلَّا صُمْتَ الْبِيضَ؟» قَالَ وَمَا هُنَّ؟ قَالَ «ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ وَأَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ وَخَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ»
the Messenger of Allah used to enjoin (fasting) these days of Al-Bid and he said: "That is (equivalent to) fasting for the whole month." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 2430)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ يَأْمُرُ بِهَذِهِ الْأَيَّامِ الثَّلَاثِةِ الْبِيضِ وَيَقُولُ «هُنَّ صِيَامُ الشَّهْرِ»
the Prophet commanded them to fast the three days of Al-Bid. He said: "That is (equivalent to) fasting for the whole month." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 2431)
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ أَمَرَهُمْ بِصِيَامِ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ الْبِيضِ وَقَالَ «هُنَّ صَوْمُ الشَّهْرِ»
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to command us to fast the days of the white (nights): thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth of the month. He said: This is like keeping perpetual fast. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2449)
كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «يَأْمُرُنَا أَنْ نَصُومَ لَيَالِيَ الْبِيضِ ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ وَأَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ وَخَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ»