[Machine] The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ said, "A believer is not stung twice from the same hole."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ لَا يُلْدَغُ مُؤْمِنٌ مِنْ جُحْرٍ مَرَّتَيْنِ  

[Machine] He hated testifying about the will in a sealed envelope until he knew what was in it. Abu al-Hussein told us that Abdullah bin Ja'far narrated to us from Ya'qub, who narrated to us from Sulaiman bin Harb, who narrated to us from Hammad bin Zaid, from Ayyub, that Abu Qilabah disliked testifying about the sealed document. He said, "Perhaps there is injustice in it."  

أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَكْرَهُ شَهَادَةَ الرَّجُلِ عَلَى الْوَصِيَّةِ فِي صَحِيفَةٍ مَخْتُومَةٍ حَتَّى يَعْلَمَ مَا فِيهَا وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ أنبأ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ثنا يَعْقُوبُ ثنا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ ثنا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ أَنَّ أَبَا قِلَابَةَ كَانَ يَكْرَهُ أَنْ يَشْهَدَ عَلَى الصَّحِيفَةِ الْمَخْتُومَةِ قَالَ لَعَلَّ فِيهَا جَوْرًا  

[Machine] "It is not permissible until it is read or recited to him, and he affirms what is in it." He said, and he narrated to us Ya'qub, who narrated to me Abdul Aziz ibn Imran, who narrated to me Muhammad ibn Yusuf, who said Sufyan was asked about a man who wrote his will and sealed it and said, 'Witness what is in it.' He said, Ibn Abi Layla considered it invalid. Sufyan said, 'And the judges do not authorize it for him.'"  

لَا يَجُوزُ حَتَّى يَقْرَأَهَا أَوْ تُقْرَأَ عَلَيْهِ فَيُقِرَّ بِمَا فِيهَا قَالَ وَحَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ عِمْرَانَ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ قَالَ سُئِلَ سُفْيَانُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ كَتَبَ وَصِيَّتَهُ فَخَتَمَ عَلَيْهَا وَقَالَ اشْهَدُوا بِمَا فِيهَا قَالَ كَانَ ابْنُ أَبِي لَيْلَى يُبْطِلُهَا قَالَ سُفْيَانُ وَالْقُضَاةُ لَا يُجِيزُونَهَا لَهُ  

Some of the children of al-Ala' ibn al-Hadrami said: Al-Ala' ibn al-Hadrami was the governor of the Prophet ﷺ at al-Bahrayn, and when he wrote to him he began with his won name. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 5134)   

أَنَّ الْعَلَاءَ بْنَ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ ؓ كَانَ عَامِلَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ عَلَى الْبَحْرَيْنِ كَانَ إِذَا كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ بَدَأَ بِنَفْسِهِ  

[Machine] That Al-Ala bin Al-Hadhrami wrote to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , "In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful," [Al-Fatihah 1] From Al-Ala bin Al-Hadhrami to Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ .  

أَنَّ الْعَلَاءَ بْنَ الْحَضْرَمِيَّ كَتَبَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ {بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ} [الفاتحة 1] مِنَ الْعَلَاءِ بْنِ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ إِلَى مُحَمَّدٍ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ  

[Machine] "Aba Ubaydah ibn al-Jarrah and Khalid ibn al-Walid wrote to Umar ibn al-Khattab, and they started with themselves."  

أَنَّ أَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ بْنَ الْجَرَّاحِ وَخَالِدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ كَتَبَا إِلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ فَبَدَأ بَأَنْفَسِهِمَا  

[Machine] No one had greater sanctity than the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . When the companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ wrote to him, they would write "From so-and-so to Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ."  

لَمْ يَكُنْ أَحَدٌ أَعْظَمَ حُرْمَةً مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا كَتَبُوا إِلَيْهِ يَكْتُبُونَ مِنْ فُلَانٍ إِلَى مُحَمَّدٍ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "A man from the Children of Israel used to lend money to people when they came to him with a representative. He would mention in the agreement that the debtor would release a wooden stick when the due date arrived. He would then place the money inside it and write to him in a document from so-and-so to so-and-so: 'I have paid your debt to my representative, who I entrusted with it,' and he would mention the agreement."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّ رَجُلًا مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ كَانَ يُسَلِّفُ النَّاسَ إِذَا أَتَاهُ بِوَكِيلٍ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ قَالَ فِيهِ وَيَنْطَلِقُ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِ الْمَالُ يُنَجِّرُ خَشَبَةً حِينَ حَلَّ الْأَجَلُ فَجَعَلَ الْمَالَ فِي جَوْفِهَا وَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ بِصَحِيفَةٍ مِنْ فُلَانٍ إِلَى فُلَانٍ إِنِّي قَدْ دَفَعْتُ مَالَكَ إِلَى وَكِيلِي الَّذِي تَوَكَّلَ لِي وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ  

[Machine] To start with himself, and they continued with him until he wrote to Muawiyah from Abdullah ibn Umar.  

أَنْ يَبْدَأَ بِنَفْسِهِ فَلَمْ يَزَالُوا بِهِ حَتَّى كَتَبَ إِلَى مُعَاوِيَةَ مِنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ  

[Machine] That Allah fulfills the need of my Muslim brother and I begin with His Name.  

أَنْ يَقْضِيَ اللهُ حَاجَةَ أَخِي الْمُسْلِمِ وَأَبْدَأَ بِاسْمِهِ  

[Machine] That a man wrote, "In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful" [Al-Fatiha 1] for someone named Fulan, so Ibn Umar said, "What are the names of Allah for him?"  

أَنَّ رَجُلًا كَتَبَ {بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ} [الفاتحة 1] لِفُلَانٍ فَقَالَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ مَهْ أَسْمَاءُ اللهِ لَهُ  

[Machine] Humaid said, and Bakr ibn Abdullah used to say, "{In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful} [Al-Fatiha, 1] is written to Fulan ibn Fulan, and it is not written for Fulan ibn Fulan."  

قَالَ حُمَيْدٌ وَكَانَ بَكْرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ يَقُولُ يُكْتَبُ {بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ} [الفاتحة 1] إِلَى فُلَانِ ابْنِ فُلَانٍ وَلَا يُكْتَبُ لِفُلَانِ ابْنِ فُلَانٍ  

[Machine] "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ wrote to Heraclius, the great ruler of the Romans, saying: 'Peace be upon those who abide by guidance.' Abdul Razzaq reported that Ibn Abbas did not differ with him in this matter."  

رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَتَبَ إِلَى هِرَقْلَ عَظِيمِ الرُّومِ سَلَامٌ عَلَى مَنِ اتَّبَعَ الْهُدَى قَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ وَلَمْ يُجَاوِزْ بِهِ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ فِي هَذَا الْمَوْضِعِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ wrote to Caesar inviting him to Islam, and he sent his letter to him along with the gift of Dihya al-Kalbi. In the letter, the Prophet mentioned the hadith in which Ibn Abbas said Abu Sufyan narrated to him about the sending of Heraclius to him, his meeting with him, and his questioning him about him. Abu Sufyan said: "Then he called for the letter of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and ordered it to be read. And behold, it began with 'In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful' [Al-Fatiha 1], from Muhammad, servant of Allah and His Messenger, to Heraclius, the mighty ruler of the Romans. Peace be upon those who follow guidance. To proceed..."  

رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَتَبَ إِلَى قَيْصَرَ يَدْعُوهُ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ وَبَعَثَ بِكِتَابِهِ إِلَيْهِ مَعَ دِحْيَةَ الْكَلْبِيِّ وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ قَالَ فِيهِ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ فَأَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ فِيهِ فِي إِرْسَالِ هِرَقْلَ إِلَيْهِ وَدُخُولِهِ عَلَيْهِ وَسُؤَالِهِ عَنْهُ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ ثُمَّ دَعَا بِكِتَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَمَرَ بِهِ فَقُرِئَ فَإِذَا فِيهِ {بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ} [الفاتحة 1] مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدِ اللهِ وَرَسُولهِ إِلَى هِرَقْلَ عَظِيمِ الرُّومِ سَلَامٌ عَلَى مَنِ اتَّبَعَ الْهُدَى أَمَّا بَعْدُ  

Once the Prophet ﷺ called the Ansar in order to grant them part of the land of Bahrain. On that they said, "No! By Allah, we will not accept it unless you grant a similar thing to our Quarries brothers as well." He said, "That will be their's if Allah wishes." But when the Ansar persisted in their request, he said, "After me you will see others given preference over you in this respect (in which case) you should be patient till you meet me at the Tank (of Al-Kauthar). (Using translation from Bukhārī 3163)   

سَمِعْتُ أَنَسًا ؓ يَقُولُ دَعَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْأَنْصَارَ لِيَكْتُبَ لَهُمْ بِالْبَحْرَيْنِ فَقَالُوا لَا وَاللهِ حَتَّى تَكْتُبَ لِإِخْوَانِنَا مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ بِمِثْلِهَا فَقَالَ ذَاكَ لَهُمْ مَا شَاءَ اللهُ كُلُّ ذَاكَ يَقُولُونَ لَهُ فَقَالَ إِنَّكُمْ سَتَرَوْنَ بَعْدِي أَثَرَةً فَاصْبِرُوا حَتَّى تَلْقَوْنِي  

[Machine] Narrated that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ conquered Al-Bahrain and wanted to write a letter to them. They said, "No, not until you give our brothers from Quraysh something like it." So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Indeed, you will see after me difficulty, so be patient until you meet me."  

فَحَدَّثَنَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَقْطَعَ الْأَنْصَارَ الْبَحْرَيْنِ وَأَرَادَ أَنْ يَكْتُبَ لَهُمْ بِهَا كِتَابًا فَقَالُوا لَا حَتَّى تُعْطِيَ إِخْوَانَنَا مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ مِثْلَهَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّكُمْ سَتَرَوْنَ بَعْدِي أَثَرَةً فَاصْبِرُوا حَتَّى تَلْقَوْنِي  

[Machine] Narrated by Ibn Abbas about the story of the man who killed his wife with al-Waqi'ah (a type of killing) in the presence of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . He said, "Yesterday, when I remembered you, it overcame me and I could not resist. I went to the courtyard and threw it in her womb." The Prophet ﷺ then said, "Bear witness that her blood was wasted."  

عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي قِصَّةِ الرَّجُلِ الَّذِي قَتَلَ امْرَأَتَهُ بِالْوَقِيعَةِ فِي رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ فَلَمَّا كَانَ الْبَارِحَةُ ذَكَرَتْكَ فَوَقَعَتْ فِيكَ فَلَمْ أَصْبِرْ أَنْ قُمْتُ إِلَى الْمِعْوَلِ فَوَضَعْتُهُ فِي بَطْنِهَا فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ اشْهَدُوا أَنَّ دَمَهَا هَدَرٌ  

[Machine] We were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ at Dhi al-Hulayfah when the people became hungry, so we acquired camels and sheep. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was among the last to arrive, so they hurried and slaughtered and set up the pots. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent for the pots and commanded them to be filled. They were filled up, and then he divided ten portions of the sheep with one portion being equivalent to a full-grown camel. And he mentioned the hadith.  

كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ بِذِي الْحُلَيْفَةِ فَأَصَابَ النَّاسَ جُوعٌ فَأَصَبْنَا إِبِلًا وَغَنَمًا وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي أُخْرَيَاتِ النَّاسِ فَعَجِلُوا فَذَبَحُوا وَنَصَبُوا الْقُدُورَ فَدَفَعَ إِلَيْهِمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَمَرَ بِالْقُدُورِ فَأُكْفِئَتْ ثُمَّ قَسَمَ فَعَدَلَ عَشْرًا مِنَ الْغَنَمِ بِبَعِيرٍ وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ  

The Prophet ﷺ said, "When the people of Ashʿari tribe ran short of food during the holy battles, or the food of their families in Medina ran short, they would collect all their remaining food in one sheet and then distribute it among themselves equally by measuring it with a bowl. So, these people are from me, and I am from them." (Using translation from Bukhārī 2486)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّ الْأَشْعَرِيِّينَ إِذَا أَرْمَلُوا فِي الْغَزْوِ وَقَلَّ طَعَامُ عِيَالِهِمْ بِالْمَدِينَةِ جَمَعُوا مَا كَانَ عِنْدَهُمْ فِي ثَوْبٍ وَاحِدٍ ثُمَّ اقْتَسَمُوهُ بَيْنَهُمْ فِي إِنَاءٍ وَاحِدٍ بِالسَّوِيَّةِ فَهُمْ مِنِّي وَأَنَا مِنْهُمْ  

Bashir ibn Yasar, the client of the Ansar, reported on the authority of a group of the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ: When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ conquered Khaybar, he divided it into thirty-six lots, each lot comprising one hundred portions. One half of it was for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and for the Muslims; and he separated the remaining half for the deputations which came to him, other matters and emergent needs of the people. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3012)   

عَنْ رِجَالٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ لَمَّا ظَهَرَ عَلَى خَيْبَرَ قَسَمَهَا عَلَى سِتَّةٍ وَثَلَاثِينَ سَهْمًا جَمْعُ كُلِّ سَهْمٍ مِائَةُ سَهْمٍ فَكَانَ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَلِلْمُسْلِمِينَ النِّصْفُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَعَزَلَ النِّصْفَ الْبَاقِيَ لِمَنْ نَزَلَ بِهِ مِنَ الْوُفُودِ وَالْأُمُورِ وَنَوَائِبِ النَّاسِ  

[Machine] That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ distributed the spoils of Khaybar into thirty-six shares; eighteen shares for the Prophet ﷺ to fulfill his responsibilities towards people's rights and affairs, and distributed eighteen shares for eighteen men, with each man receiving one hundred shares.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَسَمَ خَيْبَرَ عَلَى سِتَّةٍ وَثَلَاثِينَ سَهْمًا لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ ثَمَانِيَةَ عَشَرَ سَهْمًا لِمَا يَنُوبُهُ مِنَ الْحُقُوقِ وَأَمْرِ النَّاسِ وَقَسَمَ ثَمَانِيَةَ عَشَرَ سَهْمًا تَجْمَعُ ثَمَانِيَةَ عَشَرَ رَجُلًا يَضْرِبُ كُلُّ رَجُلٍ بِمِائَةِ رَجُلٍ  

[Machine] When Umar ibn al-Khattab went out to Khaybar, he rode with the Muhajireen and the Ansar. He was accompanied by Jabbar ibn Sakhrah ibn Khansa, one of the Bani Salimah, who was known for his bravery in Medina. They were led by Yazid ibn Thabit, who was their accountant. They divided Khaybar among its people according to the original agreement of the group of Sahman who were in charge of it.  

لَمَّا أَخْرَجَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ يَهُودَ خَيْبَرَ رَكِبَ فِي الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارِ وَخَرَجَ مَعَهُ بِجَبَّارِ بْنِ صَخْرِ بْنِ خَنْسَاءَ أَحَدِ بَنِي سَلِمَةَ وَكَانَ خَارِصَ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ وَحَاسِبَهُمْ وَيَزِيدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ فَهُمَا قَسَمَا خَيْبَرَ بَيْنَ أَهْلِهَا عَلَى أَصْلِ جَمَاعَةِ السُّهْمَانِ الَّتِي كَانَتْ عَلَيْهَا  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The hand of Allah is with the judge while he is judging, and the hand of Allah is with the one who divides (property) while he is dividing."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَدُ اللهِ مَعَ الْقَاضِي حِينَ يَقْضِي وَيَدُ اللهِ مَعَ الْقَاسِمِ حِينَ يَقْسِمُ  

[Machine] Ali entered the treasury and took something from it, then he said, "I will not stay overnight with a dirham in my possession." So he ordered a man from the Bani Asad tribe to divide it into halves for him until the night. The people said, "What if you compensate him?" He replied, "If Allah wills, but it is unlawful wealth." Imam Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, said, "It is not permissible for anyone to give or take unlawful wealth, and we do not see Ali giving anything that he considers unlawful, if Allah wills." The scholar, may Allah have mercy on him, said, "Its chain of narration is weak, Musa bin Tarif is not reliable, and it is not used as evidence. It is mentioned that it was narrated from his father from Ali."  

دَخَلَ عَلِيٌّ ؓ بَيْتَ الْمَالِ فَأَضْرَطَ بِهِ وَقَالَ لَا أُمْسِي وَفِيكَ دِرْهَمٌ فَأَمَرَ رَجُلًا مِنْ بَنِي أَسَدٍ فَقَسَمَهُ إِلَى اللَّيْلِ فَقَالَ النَّاسُ لَوْ عَوَّضْتَهُ؟ فَقَالَ إِنْ شَاءَ وَلَكِنَّهُ سُحْتٌ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ لَا يَحِلُّ لِأَحَدٍ أَنْ يُعْطِيَ السُّحْتَ كَمَا لَا يَحِلُّ لِأَحَدٍ أَنْ يَأْخُذَهُ وَلَا نَرَى عَلِيًّا ؓ يُعْطِي شَيْئًا يَرَاهُ سُحْتًا إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ إِسْنَادُهُ ضَعِيفٌ مُوسَى بْنُ طَرِيفٍ لَا يُحْتَجُّ بِهِ وَقِيلَ عَنْهُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ؓ كَمَا  

[Machine] Ali divided something and called a man who thought he would be given something. It was said to him, "What if you were given something?" He said, "If Allah wills, and he is impure."  

أَنَّ عَلِيًّا ؓ قَسَمَ شَيْئًا فَدَعَا رَجُلًا يَحْسِبُ فَقِيلَ لَوْ أَعْطَيْتَهُ شَيْئًا؟ قَالَ إِنْ شَاءَ وَهُوَ سُحْتٌ  

[Machine] Indeed, it is from the decree of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ that he decreed that there should be no harm or reciprocating of harm.  

إِنَّ مِنْ قَضَاءِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَضَى أَنْ لَا ضَرَرَ وَلَا ضِرَارَ  

[Machine] That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "There should be no harming or reciprocating harm. This hadith has been narrated and transmitted in the Book of Reconciliation."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ لَا ضَرَرَ وَلَا ضِرَارَ هَذَا مُرْسَلٌ وَقَدْ رَوَيْنَاهُ فِي كِتَابِ الصُّلْحِ مَوْصُولًا  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Whoever inflicts harm, Allah inflicts harm upon him. And whoever causes difficulty, Allah causes difficulty upon him." Imam Ash-Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, said, "This has been narrated from Ibn Jurayj through Siddiq ibn Musa."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ ضَارَّ أَضَرَّ اللهُ بِهِ وَمَنْ شَاقَّ شَقَّ اللهُ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ فِي الْقَدِيمِ وَقَدْ رَوَى ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ عَنْ صِدِّيقِ بْنِ مُوسَى  

[Machine] "From the Prophet ﷺ, he said: Do not impose on the heirs except for what the share carries. He said: Do not impose on the inheritor."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ لَا تَعْضِيَةَ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْمِيرَاثِ إِلَّا مَا حَمَلَ الْقَسْمُ يَقُولُ لَا يُبَعَّضُ عَلَى الْوَارِثِ  

[Machine] Abu Ubayd said in the hadith of the Prophet ﷺ , "Do not dispute in inheritance except for what is specified by the division." Abu Ubayd said, "Hajjaj narrated it from Ibn Jurayj from Siddiq bin Musa from Muhammad bin Abi Bakr bin Muhammad bin Amr bin Hazm from his father, who reported it from the Prophet ﷺ . Abu Ubayd said, "His statement 'Do not dispute in inheritance' means when the deceased dies and leaves something, and the heirs want to divide it, there would be harm on them or on some of them, so it should not be divided. And 'al-ta'adiyah' means separation, taken from the parts of the body. It is said, 'I separated the meat' when I divided it. Al-Za'farani said, 'Al-Shafi'i said in the old (scholarly opinion), and this hadith is not considered evidence because it is weak, and it is the statement of those who we met of our scholars.' The Sheikh, may Allah have mercy on him, said, 'It is weakened due to its discontinuity, and it is the statement of the majority.'"  

قَالَ أَبُو عُبَيْدٍ فِي حَدِيثِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ لَا تَعْضِيَةَ فِي مِيرَاثٍ إِلَّا مَا حَمَلَ الْقَسْمُ قَالَ أَبُو عُبَيْدٍ حَدَّثَنِيهِ حَجَّاجٌ عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ عَنْ صِدِّيقِ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ حَزْمٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ أَبُو عُبَيْدٍ قَوْلُهُ لَا تَعْضِيَةَ فِي مِيرَاثٍ يَعْنِي أَنْ يَمُوتَ الْمَيِّتُ وَيَدَعَ شَيْئًا إِنْ قُسِّمَ بَيْنَ وَرَثَتِهِ إِذَا أَرَادَ بَعْضُهُمُ الْقِسْمَةَ كَانَ فِي ذَلِكَ ضَرَرٌ عَلَيْهِِمْ أَوْ عَلَى بَعْضِهِمْ يَقُولُ فَلَا يُقَسَّمُ وَالتَّعْضِيَةُ التَّفْرِيقُ وَهُوَ مَأْخُوذٌ مِنَ الْإِعْضَاءِ يُقَالُ عَضَيْتُ اللَّحْمَ إِذَا فَرَّقْتُهُ قَالَ الزَّعْفَرَانِيُّ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ فِي الْقَدِيمِ وَلَا يَكُونُ مِثْلُ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ حُجَّةً لِأَنَّهُ ضَعِيفٌ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ مَنْ لَقِينَا مِنْ فُقَهَائِنَا قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَإِنَّمَا ضَعَّفَهُ لِانْقِطَاعِهِ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ الْكَافَّةِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade dividing harm. Sheikh Ahmad, may Allah have mercy on him, said and this is a transmitted statement.  

نَهَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَنْ قِسْمَةِ الضِّرَارِ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ أَحْمَدُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَهَذَا مُرْسَلٌ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Injustice will be darkness on the Day of Resurrection."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الظُّلْمُ ظُلُمَاتٌ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ  

Be on your guard against committing oppression, for oppression is a darkness on the Day of Resurrection, and be on your guard against stinginess for stinginess destroyed those who were before you, as it incited them to shed blood and make lawful what was unlawful for them. (Using translation from Muslim 2578)   

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ اتَّقُوا الظُّلْمَ فَإِنَّ الظُّلْمَ ظُلُمَاتٌ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَاتَّقُوا الشُّحَّ فَإِنَّ الشُّحَّ أَهْلَكَ مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ حَمَلَهُمْ عَلَى أَنْ سَفَكُوا دِمَاءَهُمْ وَاسْتَحَلُّوا مَحَارِمَهُمْ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Indeed, Allah is with the judge as long as he does not transgress. But when he transgresses, Allah will abandon him and make the devil seize him."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّ اللهَ مَعَ الْقَاضِي مَا لَمْ يَجُرْ فَإِذَا جَارَ بَرِئَ اللهُ مِنْهُ وَأَلْزَمَهُ الشَّيْطَانَ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "I am commanded to uphold the rights of the weak, including the orphan and the woman." Abdullah bin Abdul Aziz Al-Umari narrated that the Prophet ﷺ , when he appointed Ali over Yemen, told him, "Give priority to the weak before the noble, and prioritize the weak before the strong."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنِّي أُحَرِّجُ عَلَيْكُمْ حَقَّ الضَّعِيفَيْنِ الْيَتِيمِ وَالْمَرْأَةِ وَرَوَى عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ الْعُمَرِيُّ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مُرْسَلًا أَنَّهُ لَمَّا اسْتَعْمَلَ عَلِيًّا ؓ عَلَى الْيَمَنِ قَالَ لَهُ قَدِّمِ الْوَضِيعَ قَبْلَ الشَّرِيفِ وَقَدِّمِ الضَّعِيفَ قَبْلَ الْقَوِيِّ  

[Machine] I heard Umar ع speaking, and one of my fingers was in his wound, he was saying, "O Muslims, I am not afraid for you from the people, rather I am afraid for the people from you. I have left among you two things, as long as you hold onto them, you will never be misguided; justice in ruling and justice in distribution. And I have left you upon a way, the night of which is as its day, except for a people who deviate, they will be deviated along with it."  

سَمِعْتُ عُمَرَ ؓ وَإِنَّ إِحْدَى إِصْبَعِيَّ لَفِي جُرْحِهِ هَذِهِ أَوْ هَذِهِ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ يَا مَعْشَرَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ إِنِّي لَا أَخَافُ النَّاسَ عَلَيْكُمْ إِنَّمَا أَخَافُكُمْ عَلَى النَّاسِ إِنِّي قَدْ تَرَكْتُ فِيكُمُ اثْنَتَيْنِ لَنْ تَبْرَحُوا بِخَيْرٍ مَا لَزِمْتُمُوهُمَا الْعَدْلُ فِي الْحَكَمِ والْعَدْلُ فِي الْقَسْمِ وَإِنِّي قَدْ تَرَكْتُكُمْ عَلَى مِثْلِ مَخْرَفَةِ النَّعَمِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَعْوَجَّ قَوْمٌ فَيُعْوَجَّ بِهِمْ  

[Machine] Did you hesitate to give me a finger from your fingers in this fire, and asked me if my whole body or said everything in the fire of Hell?  

أَفَبَخِلْتَ عَلِيَّ بِأُصْبُعٍ مِنْ أَصَابِعِكَ فِي هَذِهِ النَّارِ وَسَأَلْتَنِي جِسْمِي أَوْ قَالَ كُلَّهُ فِي نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ؟  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "People are like a hundred camels, a man cannot find a mount among them."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ النَّاسُ كَالْإِبِلِ الْمِائَةِ لَا يَجِدُ الرَّجُلُ فِيهَا رَاحِلَةً  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave the decision that the two adversaries should be made to sit in front of the judge. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3588)   

قَضَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَّ الْخَصْمَيْنِ يَقْعُدَانِ بَيْنَ يَدَيِ الْحَاكِمِ  

[Machine] On the authority of Umm Salama, the wife of the Prophet ﷺ , it was narrated that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Whoever is afflicted with a dispute between Muslims, let him strive to reconcile them in their presence, expressions, and positions."  

عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَنِ ابْتُلِيَ بِالْقَضَاءِ بَيْنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَلْيَعْدِلْ بَيْنَهُمْ فِي لَحْظِهِ وَإِشَارَتِهِ وَمَقْعَدِهِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , said: "Whoever is afflicted with a dispute among people, let him act justly among them in his words, gestures, and seat."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنِ ابْتُلِيَ بِالْقَضَاءِ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ فَلْيَعْدِلْ بَيْنَهُمْ فِي لَحْظِهِ وَإِشَارَتِهِ وَمَقْعَدِهِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Whoever is afflicted with a dispute among people, he should not raise his voice against one of the adversaries without raising it against the other. This is a weak chain of narration."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنِ ابْتُلِيَ بِالْقَضَاءِ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ فَلَا يَرْفَعَنَّ صَوْتَهُ عَلَى أَحَدِ الْخَصْمَيْنِ مَا لَا يَرْفَعُ عَلَى الْآخَرِ هَذَا إِسْنَادٌ فِيهِ ضَعِيفٌ  

[Machine] The book of Umar to Abu Musa. After that, know that judgment is a firm obligation and a followed tradition. Understand, when it is presented to you, that a righteous word will not benefit if it does not have an effect among people regarding your face, your assembly, and your justice. Until a noble person does not desire to defame you, and a weak person does not fear your oppression.  

كِتَابُ عُمَرَ إِلَى أَبِي مُوسَى ؓ أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنَّ الْقَضَاءَ فَرِيضَةٌ مُحْكَمَةٌ وَسُنَّةٌ مُتَّبَعَةٌ افْهَمْ إِذَا أُدْلِيَ إِلَيْكَ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَنْفَعُ كَلِمَةُ حَقٍّ لَا نَفَاذَ لَهُ آسِ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ فِي وَجْهِكَ وَمَجْلِسِكَ وَعَدْلِكَ حَتَّى لَا يَطْمَعَ شَرِيفٌ فِي حَيْفِكَ وَلَا يَخَافَ ضَعِيفٌ مِنْ جَوْرِكَ  

[Machine] Umar to Abu Musa, indeed people will present to the imam what the imam presents to Allah. And when the imam becomes satisfied, the subjects will become satisfied, and it is near that people may turn away from their authority. And I seek refuge in Allah that I may be overtaken along with you by hidden animosities, personal desires, and worldly influences. So establish the truth even for an hour in the daytime.  

عُمَرُ إِلَى أَبِي مُوسَى ؓ إِنَّ النَّاسَ يُؤَدُّونَ إِلَى الْإِمَامِ مَا أَدَّى الْإِمَامُ إِلَى اللهِ وَإِنَّ الْإِمَامَ إِذَا رَتَعَ رَتَعَتِ الرَّعِيَّةُ وَإِنَّهُ يُوشِكُ أَنْ يَكُونَ لِلنَّاسِ نُفْرَةٌ عَنْ سُلْطَانِهِمْ وَإِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِاللهِ أَنْ يُدْرِكَنِي وَإِيَّاكُمْ ضَغَائِنُ مَحْمُولَةٌ وَأَهْوَاءٌ مُتَّبَعَةٌ وَدُنْيَا مُؤْثَرَةٌ فَأَقِيمُوا الْحَقَّ وَلَوْ سَاعَةً مِنْ نَهَارٍ  

[Machine] "And when you take the people to task in anger, then be just, even if it is only for a brief moment of the day."  

وَأَنْ تَأْخُذُوا النَّاسَ عِنْدَ الْغَضَبِ فَقُومُوا بِالْحَقِّ وَلَوْ سَاعَةً مِنْ نَهَارٍ  

[Machine] "O Umar, we came to you so that you may judge between us. And in his house, the judge was brought to him. Zaid then moved aside from his sleeping position and said, 'Come here, O Commander of the Believers.' Umar said to him, 'You have already told me your case, but now I will sit with your opponent.' They both sat in front of him. Ubay objected and Umar said to Zaid, 'Forgo the right of the Commander of the Believers to be the first to speak, and I was not going to ask it of anyone else.' Umar then swore an oath that Zaid ibn Thabit would not reach a judgment until either Umar or a Muslim of equal status was present."  

عُمَرُ ؓ أَتَيْنَاكَ لِتَحْكُمَ بَيْنَنَا وَفِي بَيْتِهِ يُؤْتَى الْحَكَمُ فَوَسَّعَ لَهُ زَيْدٌ عَنْ صَدْرِ فِرَاشِهِ فَقَالَ هَهُنَا يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ ؓ لَقَدْ جُرْتَ فِي الْفُتْيَا وَلَكِنْ أَجْلِسُ مَعَ خَصْمِي فَجَلَسَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَادَّعَى أُبَيٌّ وَأَنْكَرَ عُمَرُ ؓ فَقَالَ زَيْدٌ لِأُبَيٍّ أَعْفِ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِنَ الْيَمِينِ وَمَا كُنْتُ لِأَسْأَلَهَا لِأَحَدٍ غَيْرِهِ فَحَلَفَ عُمَرُ ؓ ثُمَّ أَقْسَمَ لَا يُدْرِكُ زَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ الْقَضَاءَ حَتَّى يَكُونَ عُمَرُ وَرَجُلٌ مِنْ عُرْضِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ عِنْدَهُ سَوَاءً  

[Machine] "He has freedom, so go and sit with your opponent, for I do not abandon support even if I am capable of it."  

لَهُ شُرَيْحٌ قُمْ فَاجْلِسْ مَعَ خَصْمِكَ إِنِّي لَا أَدَعُ النُّصْرَةَ وَأَنَا عَلَيْهَا لَقَادِرٌ  

[Machine] "And the judge of the Muslims was Shurayh, who was with Ali when he assumed office. So when Shurayh saw Amir al-Mu'minin, he stood up from the council of judges and seated Ali in his place, while he himself sat in front of him next to the Christian. Ali then said to Shurayh, 'O Shurayh, if my opponent were a Muslim, I would sit with him in the opponent's seat. But I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, 'Do not shake hands with them, do not initiate with them the greeting of peace, do not visit their sick, do not pray for their dead, and block their paths and belittle them as Allah has belittled them. So, you decide between me and him, O Shurayh.' Shurayh replied, 'O Amir al-Mu'minin.' Ali then said, 'This is my armor, it has been missing from me for some time.' Shurayh asked, 'What do you say, O Christian?'' The Christian replied, 'I do not deny that this armor belongs to Amir al-Mu'minin. By Allah, O Amir al-Mu'minin, I followed your army and it fell from your camel, so I took it. I bear witness that there is no god but Allah and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.' Ali said, 'If you have embraced Islam, then it is yours,' and he gave it to him, along with two thousand dirhams. On the day of Siffin, he was wounded alongside Ali, and the rest is as it is. Another weak narration states that it was given to Ali by Ibrahim al-Taymi."  

وَكَانَ قَاضِيَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ شُرَيْحٌ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ ؓ اسْتَقْضَاهُ قَالَ فَلَمَّا رَأَى شُرَيْحٌ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ قَامَ مِنْ مَجْلِسِ الْقَضَاءِ وَأَجْلَسَ عَلِيًّا ؓ فِي مَجْلِسِهِ وَجَلَسَ شُرَيْحٌ قُدَّامَهُ إِلَى جَنْبِ النَّصْرَانِيِّ فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ ؓ أَمَا يَا شُرَيْحُ لَوْ كَانَ خَصْمِي مُسْلِمًا لَقَعَدْتُ مَعَهُ مَجْلِسَ الْخَصْمِ وَلَكِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ لَا تُصَافِحُوهُمْ وَلَا تَبْدَؤُوهُمْ بِالسَّلَامِ وَلَا تَعُودُوا مَرْضَاهُمْ وَلَا تُصَلُّوا عَلَيْهِمْ وَأَلْجِئُوهُمْ إِلَى مَضَايِقِ الطُّرُقِ وَصَغِّرُوهُمْ كَمَا صَغَّرَهُمُ اللهُ اقْضِ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُ يَا شُرَيْحُ فَقَالَ شُرَيْحٌ تَقُولُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ قَالَ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ؓ هَذِهِ دِرْعِي ذَهَبَتْ مِنِّي مُنْذُ زَمَانٍ قَالَ فَقَالَ شُرَيْحٌ مَا تَقُولُ يَا نَصْرَانِيُّ؟ قَالَ فَقَالَ النَّصْرَانِيُّ مَا أُكُذِّبُ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الدِّرْعُ هِيَ دِرْعِي قَالَ فَقَالَ شُرَيْحٌ مَا أَرَى أَنْ تُخْرَجَ مِنْ يَدِهِ فَهَلْ مِنْ بَيِّنَةٍ؟ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ؓ صَدَقَ شُرَيْحٌ قَالَ فَقَالَ النَّصْرَانِيُّ أَمَّا أَنَا أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ هَذِهِ أَحْكَامُ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ يَجِيءُ إِلَى قَاضِيهِ وَقَاضِيهِ يَقْضِي عَلَيْهِ هِيَ وَاللهِ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ دِرْعُكَ اتَّبَعْتُكَ مِنَ الْجَيْشِ وَقَدْ زَالَتْ عَنْ جَمَلِكَ الْأَوْرَقِ فَأَخَذْتُهَا فَإِنِّي أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ قَالَ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ؓ أَمَّا إِذَا أَسْلَمْتَ فَهِيَ لَكَ وَحَمَلَهُ عَلَى فَرَسٍ عَتِيقٍ قَالَ فَقَالَ الشَّعْبِيُّ لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُهُ يُقَاتِلُ الْمُشْرِكِينَ هَذَا لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ أَبِي زَكَرِيَّا وَفِي رِوَايَةِ ابْنِ عَبْدَانَ قَالَ يَا شُرَيْحُ لَوْلَا أَنَّ خَصْمِيَ نَصْرَانِيٌّ لَجَثَيْتُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْكَ وَقَالَ فِي آخِرِهِ قَالَ فَوَهَبَهَا عَلِيٌّ ؓ لَهُ وَفَرَضَ لَهُ أَلْفَيْنِ وَأُصِيبَ مَعَهُ يَوْمَ صِفِّينَ وَالْبَاقِي بِمَعْنَاهُ وَرُوِيَ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ أَيْضًا ضَعِيفٍ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ التَّيْمِيِّ  

[Machine] From the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , he said: "O Allah, whoever is given authority over any matter concerning my Ummah (followers), and he makes it difficult for them, then make it difficult for him. And whoever is given authority over any matter concerning my Ummah, and he shows them kindness, then show him kindness."  

مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ فِي بَيْتِي هَذَا اللهُمَّ مَنْ وَلِيَ مِنْ أَمْرِ أُمَّتِي شَيْئًا فَشَقَّ عَلَيْهِمْ فَاشْقُقْ عَلَيْهِ وَمَنْ وَلِيَ مِنْ أَمْرِ أُمَّتِي شَيْئًا فَرَفَقَ بِهِمْ فَارْفِقْ بِهِ  

What is this, the proclamation of the days of jahiliya (ignorance)? They said: Messenger of Allah, there is nothing serious. The two young men fell into dispute and the one struck at the back of the other. Thereupon he (the Holy Prophet) said: Well, a person should help his brother whether he is an oppressor or an oppressed. If he is the oppressor he should prevent him from doing it, for that is his help; and if he is the oppressed he should be helped (against oppression). (Using translation from Muslim 2584a)   

اقْتَتَلَ غُلَامَانِ غُلَامٌ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَغُلَامٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَنَادَى الْمُهَاجِرِيُّ يَا لِلْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَنَادَى الْأَنْصَارِيُّ يَا لِلْأَنْصَارِ فَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَا هَذَا؟ أَدَعْوَى الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ ؟ قَالُوا لَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِلَّا أَنَّ غُلَامَيْنِ اقْتَتَلَا فَكَسَعَ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمَا الْآخَرَ قَالَ فَلَا بَأْسَ وَلْيَنْصُرِ الرَّجُلُ أَخَاهُ ظَالِمًا أَوْ مَظْلُومًا إِنْ كَانَ ظَالِمًا فَلْيَنْهَهُ فَإِنَّهُ لَهُ نَصْرٌ أَوْ كَلِمَةً نَحْوَهَا وَإِنْ كَانَ مَظْلُومًا فَلْيَنْصُرْهُ