[Machine] I was with the Prophet ﷺ, and two men came to him arguing. One of them said, "Indeed, this man has encroached upon my land during the pre-Islamic period, and he is Utbah bin Abis al-Kindi, and his opponent is Rabi'ah." The other man said, "This land is mine, and I cultivate it." The Prophet asked, "Do you have any evidence?" He replied, "No." The Prophet said, "Then the land belongs to him due to his oath." The first man said, "He does not care about fulfilling his oaths." The Prophet said to him, "You have nothing to do with it except that." When he went to fulfill his oath, the Prophet said, "Indeed, if he swore falsely about his property, he will meet Allah ﷻ while He is angry with him."  

كُنْتُ عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَأَتَاهُ رَجُلَانِ يَخْتَصِمَانِ فَقَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا إِنَّ هَذَا انْتَزَى عَلَى أَرْضِي فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ وَهُوَ امْرُؤُ الْقَيْسِ بْنُ عَابِسٍ الْكِنْدِيُّ وَخَصْمُهُ رَبِيعَةُ وَقَالَ الْآخَرُ هِيَ أَرْضِي أَزْرَعُهَا قَالَ أَلَكَ بَيِّنَةٌ ؟ قَالَ لَا قَالَ فَلَكَ يَمِينُهُ قَالَ إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ يُبَالِي مَا حَلَفَ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ لَيْسَ لَكَ فِيهِ إِلَّا ذَلِكَ قَالَ فَلَمَّا ذَهَبَ لِيَحْلِفَ قَالَ أَمَا إِنَّهُ إِنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى مَالِهِ ظُلْمًا لَيَلْقَيَنَّ اللهَ ﷻ وَهُوَ عَلَيْهِ غَضْبَانُ  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “If two men come to you for judgement, do not rule in favour of the first one until you listen to what the other one says, then you will know how to judge.” He said: Since then I became a good judge. (Using translation from Aḥmad 1211)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا تَقَاضَى إِلَيْكَ رَجُلَانِ فَلَا تَقْضِ لِلْأَوَّلِ حَتَّى تَسْمَعَ كَلَامَ الْآخَرِ فَسَوْفَ تَرَى كَيْفَ تَقْضِي قَالَ فَمَا زِلْتُ بَعْدُ قَاضِيًا  

[Machine] A man came to Ali while he was in Kufa, and he claimed to be his opponent. Ali asked him, "Are you my opponent?" The man affirmed, and Ali said, "Then let us go to the arbitrator, for the Messenger of Allah forbade us from accepting an opponent unless his opponent is also present." Abu Muawiya and others related this story to Isma'il in the same manner.  

نَزَلَ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ ؓ رَجُلٌ وَهُوَ بِالْكُوفَةِ ثُمَّ قَدِمَ خَصْمًا لَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ ؓ أَخَصْمٌ أَنْتَ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَتَحَوَّلْ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ نَهَانَا أَنْ نُضِيفَ الْخَصْمَ إِلَّا وَخَصْمُهُ مَعَهُ تَابَعَهُ أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ وَغَيْرُهُ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بِمَعْنَاهُ هَكَذَا  

[Machine] A man narrated to us that he came to stay with Ali in Kufa for some days. Then he mentioned a dispute he had. So Ali told him, "Leave my abode for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade that a disputant should stay except with his opponent."  

حَدَّثَنَا رَجُلٌ نَزَلَ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ ؓ بِالْكُوفَةِ فَأَقَامَ عِنْدَهُ أَيَّامًا ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ خُصُومَةً لَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ ؓ تَحَوَّلْ عَنْ مَنْزِلِي فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ نَهَى أَنْ يَنْزِلَ الْخَصْمُ إِلَّا وَخَصْمُهُ مَعَهُ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ used to not invite his opponent unless his opponent was accompanied by him.  

كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ لَا يُضِيفُ الْخَصْمَ إِلَّا وَخَصْمُهُ مَعَهُ  

Messenger of Allah ﷺ employed an employee (to collect Zakat). The employee returned after completing his job and said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! This (amount of Zakat) is for you, and this (other amount) was given to me as a present." The Prophet ﷺ said to him, "Why didn't you stay at your father's or mother's house and see if you would be given presents or not?" Then Messenger of Allah ﷺ got up in the evening after the prayer, and having testified that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah and praised and glorified Allah as He deserved, he said, "Now then ! What about an employee whom we employ and then he comes and says, 'This amount (of Zakat) is for you, and this (amount) was given to me as a present'? Why didn't he stay at the house of his father and mother to see if he would be given presents or not? By Him in Whose Hand Muhammad's soul is, none of you will steal anything of it (i.e. Zakat) but will bring it by carrying it over his neck on the Day of Resurrection. If it has been a camel, he will bring it (over his neck) while it will be grunting, and if it has been a cow, he will bring it (over his neck), while it will be mooing; and if it has been a sheep, he will bring it (over his neck) while it will be bleeding." The Prophet ﷺ added, "I have preached you (Allah's Message)." Abu Humaid said, "Then Messenger of Allah ﷺ raised his hands so high that we saw the whiteness of his armpits." (Using translation from Bukhārī 6636)   

أَنَّهُ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ اسْتَعْمَلَ عَامِلًا عَلَى الصَّدَقَةِ فَجَاءَهُ الْعَامِلُ حِينَ فَرَغَ مِنْ عَمَلِهِ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ هَذَا الَّذِي لَكُمْ وَهَذَا الَّذِي أُهْدِيَ إِلِيَّ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَهَلَّا قَعَدْتَ فِي بَيْتِ أَبِيكَ وَأُمِّكَ فَنَظَرْتَ أَيُهْدَى لَكَ أَمْ لَا ؟ ثُمَّ قَامَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَشِيَّةً عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ بَعْدَ الصَّلَاةِ فَتَشَهَّدَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَى اللهِ بِمَا هُوَ أَهْلُهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَمَا بَالُ الْعَامِلِ نَسْتَعْمِلُهُ فَيَأْتِيَنَا فَيَقُولَ هَذَا مِنْ عَمَلِكُمْ وَهَذَا الَّذِي أُهْدِيَ لِي فَهَلَّا قَعَدَ فِي بَيْتِ أَبِيهِ وَأُمِّهِ فَنَظَرَ هَلْ يُهْدَى لَهُ أَمْ لَا؟ وَالَّذِي نَفْسُ مُحَمَّدٍ بِيَدِهِ لَا يَقْبَلُ أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ مِنْهَا شَيْئًا إِلَّا جَاءَ بِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ يَحْمِلُهُ عَلَى عُنُقِهِ إِنْ كَانَ بَعِيرًا جَاءَ بِهِ لَهُ رُغَاءٌ وَإِنْ كَانَتْ بَقَرَةً جَاءَ بِهَا وَلَهَا خُوَارٌ وَإِنْ كَانَتْ شَاةً جَاءَ بِهَا تَيْعَرُ فَقَدْ بَلَّغْتُ قَالَ أَبُو حُمَيْدٍ ثُمَّ رَفَعَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَدَيْهِ حَتَّى إِنَّنَا لَنَنْظُرُ إِلَى عُفْرَةِ إِبْطَيْهِ قَالَ أَبُو حُمَيْدٍ قَدْ سَمِعَ ذَلِكَ مَعِي مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ زَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ فَسَلُوهُ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The gifts of the rulers are bribes."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ هَدَايَا الْأُمَرَاءِ غُلُولٌ  

The Prophet ﷺ said: O people, if any of you is put in an administrative post on our behalf and conceals from us a needle or more, he is acting unfaithfully, and will bring it on the Day of Resurrection. A black man from the Ansar, as if I am seeing him, stood and said: Messenger of Allah, take back from me my post. He asked: What is that? He replied: I heard you say such and such. He said: And I say that. If we appoint anyone to an office, he must bring what is connected with it, both little and much. What he is given, he may take, and he must refrain from what is kept away from him. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3581)   

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ مَنْ عَمِلَ لَنَا عَلَى عَمَلٍ فَكَتَمَنَا مِخْيَطًا فَهُوَ يَأْتِي بِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ كَأَنِّي أَرَاهُ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ اقْبَلْ عَنِّي عَمَلَكَ قَالَ وَمَا لَكَ ؟ قَالَ سَمِعْتُكَ تَقُولُ الَّذِي قُلْتَ قَالَ وَأَنَا أَقُولُهُ الْآنَ مَنِ اسْتَعْمَلْنَاهُ عَلَى عَمَلٍ فَلْيَجِئْ بِقَلِيلِهِ وَكَثِيرِهِ فَمَا أُوتِيَ مِنْهُ أَخَذَ وَمَا نُهِيَ عَنْهُ انْتَهَى  

[Machine] "O Amir al-Mu'minin, judge between us with a decisive judgment, just as you separate the thigh from the hip." Umar ibn al-Khattab then said, "Write to my workers not to accept the bribe, for it is a form of corruption."  

يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ اقْضِ بَيْنَنَا قَضَاءً فَصْلًا كَمَا تَفْصِلُ الْفَخِذَ مِنَ الْجَزُورِ قَالَ فَكَتَبَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ إِلَى عُمَّالِهِ لَا تَقْبَلُوا الْهَدْيَ فَإِنَّهَا رِشْوَةٌ  

[Machine] A man from the companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, who was a worker of Umar ibn al-Khattab, gifted two camels to the wife of Umar. Umar entered and saw them, and he said, "From where did you get these two? Did you buy them? Tell me and do not lie to me." She said, "So and so sent them to me." Umar said, "May Allah kill so and so if he wanted something and could not obtain it from me, and he sent it to me through my own family members. He rejected them forcefully from underneath the person who was sitting on them, and he carried them out. His slave girl followed him and said, 'Their wool belongs to us.' So he ripped their wool and threw it to her, and he came out with them. He gave one to a woman from the Muhajirun and he gave the other to a woman from the Ansar."  

أَهْدَى رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَكَانَ مِنْ عُمَّالِ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ نُمْرُقَتَيْنِ لِامْرَأَةِ عُمَرَ ؓ فَدَخَلَ عُمَرُ فَرَآهُمَا فَقَالَ مِنْ أَيْنَ لَكِ هَاتَيْنِ؟ اشْتَرَيْتِهِمَا؟ أَخْبِرِينِي وَلَا تَكْذِبِينِي قَالَتْ بَعَثَ بِهِمَا إِلِيَّ فُلَانٌ فَقَالَ قَاتَلَ اللهُ فُلَانًا إِذَا أَرَادَ حَاجَةً فَلَمْ يَسْتَطِعْهَا مِنْ قِبَلِي أَتَانِي مِنْ قِبَلِ أَهْلِي فَاجْتَبَذَهُمَا اجْتِبَاذًا شَدِيدًا مِنْ تَحْتِ مَنْ كَانَ عَلَيْهِمَا جَالِسًا فَخَرَجَ يَحْمِلُهُمَا فَتَبِعَتْهُ جَارِيَتُهَا فَقَالَتْ إِنَّ صُوفَهُمَا لَنَا فَفَتَقَهُمَا وَطَرَحَ إِلَيْهَا الصُّوفَ وَخَرَجَ بِهِمَا فَأَعْطَى إِحْدَاهُمَا امْرَأَةً مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرَاتِ وَأَعْطَى الْأُخْرَى امْرَأَةً مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ cursed the one who bribes and the one who takes bribe. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3580)   

لَعَنَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الرَّاشِيَ وَالْمُرْتَشِيَ  

[Machine] That disbelief is...  

ذَلِكَ الْكُفْرُ  

[Machine] Abdullah is that disbelief, and he recited this verse, "And whoever does not judge by what Allah has revealed - then it is those who are the disbelievers." [Surah Al-Ma'idah 44]  

عَبْدُ اللهِ ذَلِكَ الْكُفْرُ وَتَلَا هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ {وَمَنْ لَمْ يَحْكُمْ بِمَا أَنْزَلَ اللهُ فَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْكَافِرُونَ} [المائدة 44]  

[Machine] "Do not [and whoever does not judge by what Allah has revealed, then it is they who are the disbelievers] [Al-Ma'idah 44] and [the wrongdoers] [Al-Ma'idah 45] and [the corrupt] [Al-Ma'idah 47]. Rather, indeed, the injustice is that a man seeks your help in wrongdoing and you aid him, so that you accept it. That is injustice."  

لَا {وَمَنْ لَمْ يَحْكُمْ بِمَا أَنْزَلَ اللهُ فَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْكَافِرُونَ} [المائدة 44] وَ {الظَّالِمُونَ} [المائدة 45] وَ {الْفَاسِقُونَ} [المائدة 47] وَلَكِنَّ السُّحْتَ أَنْ يَسْتَعِينَكَ رَجُلٌ عَلَى مَظْلِمَةٍ فَيُهْدِيَ لَكَ فَتَقْبَلَهُ فَذَلِكَ السُّحْتُ  

[Machine] "When he arrived in the land of Abyssinia, he took hold of something and clung to it, then he gave two dinars until he was able to continue on his way."  

أَنَّهُ لَمَّا أَتَى أَرْضَ الْحَبَشَةِ أَخَذَ بِشَيْءٍ فَتَعَلَّقَ بِهِ فَأَعْطَى دِينَارَيْنِ حَتَّى خُلِّيَ سَبِيلُهُ  

[Machine] To beg is to receive what is not yours.  

أَنْ تَرْشُوَ لَتُعْطَى مَا لَيْسَ لَكَ  

I heard Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying "From among my followers, a group (o 70,000) will enter Paradise without being asked for their accounts, Their faces will be shining like the moon." 'Ukasha bin Muhsin Al-Asadi got up, lifting his covering sheet and said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ Invoke Allah for me that He may include me with them." The Prophet ﷺ said! "O Allah! Make him from them." Then another man from Al-Ansar got up and said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! Invoke Allah for me that He may include me with them." On that Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "'Ukasha has anticipated you." (Using translation from Bukhārī 5811)   

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ مِنْ أُمَّتِي زُمْرَةٌ هِيَ سَبْعُونَ أَلْفًا تُضِيءُ وُجُوهُهُمْ إِضَاءَةَ الْقَمَرِ فَقَامَ عُكَّاشَةُ بْنُ مِحْصَنٍ الْأَسَدِيُّ يَرْفَعُ نَمِرَةً عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ ادْعُ لِي يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَنْ يَجْعَلَنِي مِنْهُمْ فَقَالَ اللهُمَّ اجْعَلْهُ مِنْهُمْ ثُمَّ قَامَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ادْعُ اللهَ أَنْ يَجْعَلَنِي مِنْهُمْ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ سَبَقَكَ بِهَا عُكَّاشَةُ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , said, "Whoever is invited to a judgement by the rulers and does not respond, then he is a wrongdoer. This is a directive."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ دُعِيَ إِلَى حَكَمٍ مِنَ الْحُكَّامِ فَلَمْ يُجِبْ فَهُوَ ظَالِمٌ هَذَا مُرْسَلٌ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah sent me to Yemen, so I said, "O Messenger of Allah, you send me to a people where I must pass judgement among them and I am young and have little knowledge of judgement?" He said to me, "O Ali, when one of the two disputing parties comes to you, listen to what they have to say, but do not pass judgement until you have also heard from the other party, just as you have heard from the first one. Then, it will become clear to you how to pass judgement." I continued to be a judge like this, as narrated by Hatim ibn Abi Saghira.  

بَعَثَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَى الْيَمَنِ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ تَبْعَثُنِي إِلَى قَوْمٍ أَقْضِي بَيْنَهُمْ وَأَنَا حَدِيثُ السِّنِّ لَا عِلْمَ لِي بِالْقَضَاءِ؟ فَقَالَ لِي يَا عَلِيُّ إِذَا أَتَاكَ أَحَدُ الْخَصْمَيْنِ فَسَمِعْتَ مِنْهُ فَلَا تَقْضِ لَهُ حَتَّى تَسْتَمِعَ مِنَ الْآخَرِ كَمَا سَمِعْتَ مِنِ الْأَوَّلِ فَإِنَّهُ يَتَبَيَّنُ لَكَ الْقَضَاءُ قَالَ فَمَا زِلْتُ قَاضِيًا كَذَا فِي رِوَايَةِ حَاتِمِ بْنِ أَبِي صَغِيرَةَ  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent me to the Yemen as judge, and I asked: Messenger of Allah, are you sending me when I am young and have no knowledge of the duties of a judge? He replied: Allah will guide your heart and keep your tongue true. When two litigants sit in front of you, do not decide till you hear what the other has to say as you heard what the first had to say; for it is best that you should have a clear idea of the best decision. He said: I had been a judge (for long); or he said (the narrator is doubtful): I have no doubts about a decision afterwards. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3582)   

بَعَثَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَى الْيَمَنِ قَاضِيًا فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ تُرْسِلُنِي وَأَنَا حَدِيثُ السِّنِّ وَلَا عِلْمَ لِي بِالْقَضَاءِ؟ فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ جَلَّ ثَنَاؤُهُ سَيَهْدِي قَلْبَكَ وَيُثَبِّتُ لِسَانَكَ فَإِذَا جَلَسَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْكَ الْخَصْمَانِ فَلَا تَقْضِيَنَّ حَتَّى تَسْمَعَ مِنَ الْآخَرِ كَمَا سَمِعْتَ مِنَ الْأَوَّلِ فَإِنَّهُ أَحْرَى أَنْ يَتَبَيَّنَ لَكَ الْقَضَاءُ قَالَ فَمَا زِلْتُ قَاضِيًا أَوْ مَا شَكَكْتُ فِي قَضَاءٍ بَعْدُ وَهَذَا يَتَنَاوَلُ الْمَوْضِعَ الَّذِي يَحْضُرُهُ الْخَصْمَانِ جَمِيعًا وَبِمَعْنَاهُ  

[Machine] When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent me to Yemen, I said, "You are sending me while I am young and have little knowledge of the rulings?" So he said to me, "When the disputing parties come to you, do not decide in favor of the first one until you hear what the other says. For when you hear what the other says, you will know how to judge, as Allah will strengthen your tongue and guide your heart." Ali said, "I have continued to be a judge since then."  

لَمَّا بَعَثَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَى الْيَمَنِ قُلْتُ تَبْعَثُنِي وَأَنَا حَدِيثُ السِّنِّ لَا عِلْمَ لِي بِكَثِيرٍ مِنَ الْقَضَاءِ؟ فَقَالَ لِي إِذَا أَتَاكَ الْخَصْمَانِ فَلَا تَقْضِ لِلْأَوَّلِ حَتَّى تَسْمَعَ مَا يَقُولُ الْآخَرُ فَإِنَّكَ إِذَا سَمِعْتَ مَا يَقُولُ الْآخَرُ عَرَفْتَ كَيْفَ تَقْضِي إِنَّ اللهَ سَيُثَبِّتُ لِسَانَكَ وَيَهْدِي قَلْبَكَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ؓ فَمَا زِلْتُ قَاضِيًا بَعْدُ  

[Machine] Hind the mother of Muawiyah came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and she said, "Indeed, Abu Sufyan is a stingy man and he does not give me and my children enough except what I have taken from him without his knowledge. So, am I entitled to anything in this matter?" The Prophet ﷺ said to her, "Take what is sufficient for you and your children according to what is right." This is the wording of the hadith narrated by Abdul Aziz.  

جَاءَتْ هِنْدُ أُمُّ مُعَاوِيَةَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَتْ إِنَّ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ رَجُلٌ شَحِيحٌ وَإِنَّهُ لَا يُعْطِينِي مَا يَكْفِينِي وَوَلَدِي إِلَّا مَا أَخَذْتُ مِنْهُ وَهُوَ لَا يَعْلَمُ فَهَلْ عَلَيَّ فِي ذَلِكَ مِنْ شَيْءٍ؟ فَقَالَ لَهَا النَّبِيُّ ﷺ خُذِي مَا يَكْفِيكِ وَبَنِيكِ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ  

[Machine] After that, O people, indeed the one who has borrowed from Juhaynah has pleased him with his religion and trustworthiness. It is said that the pilgrim has come late and that he has already defamed him, so he has become disgraced by him. So anyone who owes him a debt should come to us tomorrow morning and we will divide his wealth among his creditors.  

أَمَّا بَعْدُ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ فَإِنَّ الْأُسَيْفِعَ أُسَيْفِعَ جُهَيْنَةَ رَضِيَ مِنْ دِينِهِ وَأَمَانَتِهِ أَنْ يُقَالَ سَبَقَ الْحَاجَّ أَلَا إِنَّهُ قَدِ ادَّانَ مُعْرِضًا فَأَصْبَحَ قَدْ رِينَ بِهِ فَمَنْ كَانَ لَهُ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ فَلْيَأْتِنَا بِالْغَدَاةِ نَقْسِمُ مَالَهُ بَيْنَ غُرَمَائِهِ  

[Machine] Umar came across a false witness, so he stood in front of the people one day until nightfall and said, "This is so-and-so, testifying falsely, so recognize him." Then Umar imprisoned him. Abu Rabi' reported from Sharik, who reported from Asim, and he added to it that Umar lashed him and publicly stood him in front of the people.  

أُتِيَ عُمَرُ ؓ بِشَاهِدِ زُورٍ فَوَقَفَهُ لِلنَّاسِ يَوْمًا إِلَى اللَّيْلِ يَقُولُ هَذَا فُلَانٌ يَشْهَدُ بِزُورٍ فَاعْرِفُوهُ ثُمَّ حَبَسَهُ وَرَوَاهُ أَبُو الرَّبِيعِ عَنْ شَرِيكٍ عَنْ عَاصِمٍ وَزَادَ فِيهِ فَجَلَدَهُ وَأَقَامَهُ لِلنَّاسِ  

[Machine] It appeared on the witness of falsehood, so he whipped him eleven times, then he said, "Do not captivate people with false testimonies, for we only accept testimonies that are just."  

أَنَّهُ ظَهَرَ عَلَى شَاهِدِ زُورٍ فَضَرَبَهُ أَحَدَ عَشَرَ سَوْطًا ثُمَّ قَالَ لَا تَأْسِرُوا النَّاسَ بِشُهُودِ الزُّورِ فَإِنَّا لَا نَقْبَلُ مِنَ الشُّهُودِ إِلَّا الْعَدْلَ  

[Machine] That Umar ibn Al-Khattab struck the false witness forty lashes and slapped his face, then he paraded him around the city.  

أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ ضَرَبَ شَاهِدَ الزُّورِ أَرْبَعِينَ سَوْطًا وَسَخَمَ وَجْهَهُ وَطَافَ بِهِ بِالْمَدِينَةِ  

[Machine] To be whipped forty times, have his head shaved, and his face disfigured, and then to be paraded and imprisoned, these two narrations are weak and disconnected, while the first two narrations are connected except for the fact that one of them has no reliable chain of narrators. And Allah knows best. We have also narrated in the book Al-Hudud the established hadith from Abu Burdah ibn Niyyar from the Prophet ﷺ who said, "One should not be whipped more than ten lashes, except in cases where it is within the limits set by Allah, and the application of these limits is preferable. And with Allah is the success."  

أَنْ يُجْلَدَ أَرْبَعِينَ وَيُحْلَقَ رَأْسُهُ وَيُسْخَمَ وَجْهُهُ وَيُطَافَ بِهِ وَيُطَالَ حَبْسُهُ هَاتَانِ الرِّوَايَتَانِ ضَعِيفَتَانِ وَمُنْقَطِعَتَانِ وَالرِّوَايَتَانِ الْأُولَيَانِ مَوْصُولَتَانِ إِلَّا أَنَّ فِي كُلِّ وَاحِدَةٍ مِنْهُمَا مَنْ لَا يُحْتَجُّ بِهِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ وَقَدْ رَوَيْنَا فِي كِتَابِ الْحُدُودِ الْحَدِيثَ الثَّابِتَ عَنْ أَبِي بُرْدَةَ بْنِ نِيَارٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ لَا يُجْلَدْ فَوْقَ عَشْرِ جَلَدَاتٍ إِلَّا فِي حَدٍّ مِنْ حُدُودِ اللهِ وَالْأَخْذُ بِهِ أَوْلَى وَبِاللهِ التَّوْفِيقُ  

[Machine] Indeed, this is a false witness, so recognize him and inform others about him. Then, leave him to his own way. Abdurrahman said, "I asked Ali ibn Hussein if there was any doubt in it? He said, no, and this is also disconnected."  

إِنَّ هَذَا شَاهِدُ زُورٍ فَاعْرِفُوهُ وَعَرِّفُوهُ ثُمَّ خَلَّى سَبِيلَهُ قَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ قُلْتُ لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ هَلْ كَانَ فِيهِ ضَرْبٌ؟ قَالَ لَا وَهَذَا أَيْضًا مُنْقَطِعٌ  

[Machine] Shurayh entered with a false witness, so he removed his turban and shook it vigorously. The people of the mosque recognized him.  

أُتِيَ شُرَيْحٌ بِشَاهِدِ زُورٍ فَنَزَعَ عِمَامَتَهُ وَخَفَقَهُ خَفَقَاتٍ وَعَرَفَهُ أَهْلُ الْمَسْجِدِ  

[Machine] That a man used to bring a false witness to his mosque and market, and he would go around with him saying, "Indeed, we have falsified the testimony of this (witness)."  

أَنَّ شُرَيْحًا كَانَ يُؤْتَى بِشَاهِدِ الزُّورِ فَيَطُوفُ بِهِ فِي أَهْلِ مَسْجِدِهِ وَسُوقِهِ فَيَقُولُ إِنَّا قَدْ زَيَّفْنَا شَهَادَةَ هَذَا  

Hind. the daughter of 'Utba, wife of Abu Sufyan, came to Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said: Abu Sufyan is a miserly person. He does not give adequate maintenance for me and my children, but (I am constrained) to take from his wealth (some part of it) without his knowledge. Is there any sin for me? Thereupon Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Take from his property what is customary which may suffice you and your children. (Using translation from Muslim 1714a)   

دَخَلَتْ هِنْدُ بِنْتُ عُتْبَةَ امْرَأَةُ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ رَجُلٌ شَحِيحٌ لَا يُعْطِينِي مِنَ النَّفَقَةِ مَا يَكْفِينِي وَيَكْفِي بَنِيَّ إِلَّا مَا أَخَذْتُ مِنْ مَالِهِ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمِهِ فَهَلْ عَلَيَّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ جُنَاحٌ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ خُذِي بِالْمَعْرُوفِ مَا يَكْفِيكِ وَيَكْفِي بَنِيكِ  

[Machine] To the Prophet, ﷺ , I said, "O Messenger of Allah, your brother is detained due to his debt, so I have settled all of it except for two dinars that a woman claims from him, without any evidence. He said, "Give it to her, for it is in accordance with the narration of 'Affan and the narration of 'Abdul Wahid." Narrated to us Ali ibn Muhammad al-Muqri told us al-Hasan, Yoosuf told us 'Abdul Wahid ibn Ghayath told us Hammam ibn Salamah from Sa'id al-Jurayri from Abu Nadrah, from a Companions of the Prophet, ﷺ , with the same story, except that the amount he left was not mentioned.  

لِيَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِنَّ أَخَاكَ مَحْبُوسٌ بِدَيْنِهِ فَاقْضِ عَنْهُ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قَدْ قَضَيْتُ عَنْهُ إِلَّا دِينَارَيْنِ ادَّعَتْهُمَا امْرَأَةٌ وَلَيْسَتْ لَهَا بَيِّنَةٌ قَالَ أَعْطِهَا فَإِنَّهَا مُحِقَّةٌ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ عَفَّانَ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ عَبْدِ الْوَاحِدِ أَعْطِهَا فَإِنَّهَا صَادِقَةٌ 20500 وَأَخْبَرَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمُقْرِئُ أنبأ الْحَسَنُ ثنا يُوسُفُ ثنا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ بْنُ غِيَاثٍ ثنا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ عَنْ سَعِيدٍ الْجُرَيْرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي نَضْرَةَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِمِثْلِهِ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ لَمْ يُسَمِّ كَمْ تَرَكَ  

Fatimah daughter of Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent a messenger to Abu Bakr demanding from him in inheritance of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ from what Allah bestowed on him at Medina and Fadak, and what remained of the fifth of Khaibar. Abu Bakr said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ has said: We are not inherited. Whatever we leave is sadaqah. The family of Muhammad will eat from this property. I swear by Allah I shall not change it from the former condition of its being sadaqah as it was in the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. I shall deal with it as the Messenger of Allah dealt with it. Abu Bakr, therefore, refused to give anything to Fatimah from it. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2968)   

أَنَّ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَرْسَلَتْ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ ؓ تَسْأَلُهُ مِيرَاثَهَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مِمَّا أَفَاءَ اللهُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ وَفَدَكٍ وَمَا بَقِيَ مِنْ خُمُسِ خَيْبَرَ قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ لَا نُورَثُ مَا تَرَكْنَا صَدَقَةٌ إِنَّمَا يَأْكُلُ آلُ مُحَمَّدٍ فِي هَذَا الْمَالِ وَإِنِّي وَاللهِ لَا أُغَيِّرُ شَيْئًا مِنْ صَدَقَةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ عَنْ حَالِهَا الَّتِي كَانَتْ عَلَيْهِ فِي عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَلَأَعْمَلَنَّ فِيهَا بِمَا عَمِلَ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَبَى أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَنْ يَدْفَعَ إِلَى فَاطِمَةَ ؓ مِنْهَا شَيْئًا وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "I am only a human being, and you dispute among yourselves. It may be that some of you are more forceful in presenting their arguments than others, so I will judge according to what I hear. Whoever I rule in favor of his brother's right, then he should not take it, for I am only giving him a portion from the Fire."  

رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ إِنَّمَا أَنَا بَشَرٌ وَإِنَّكُمْ تَخْتَصِمُونَ إِلِيَّ وَلَعَلَّ بَعْضَكُمْ أَنْ يَكُونَ أَلْحَنَ بِحُجَّتِهِ مِنْ بَعْضٍ فَأَقْضِيَ نَحْوَ مَا أَسْمَعُ فَمَنْ قَضَيْتُ لَهُ بِحَقِّ أَخِيهِ شَيْئًا فَلَا يَأْخُذْهُ فَإِنَّمَا أَقْطَعُ لَهُ قِطْعَةً مِنَ النَّارِ  

[Machine] The daughter of Abu Salama and her mother Umm Salamah, the wife of the Prophet ﷺ , informed him that her mother Umm Salamah said: The Prophet ﷺ heard the clamor of some disputing individuals at his door, so he went out to them and said: "I am only a human being. It may be that the disputant is more articulate than his opponent, so I will judge in his favor. And I consider him to be truthful. So whoever I judge in favor of his opponent by the right of a Muslim, then it is only a piece of the Hellfire. So let him take it or leave it."  

بِنْتَ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ وَأُمَّهَا أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ زَوْجَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَخْبَرَتْهُ أَنَّ أُمَّهَا أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ ؓ قَالَتْ سَمِعَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ جَلَبَةَ خِصَامٍ عِنْدَ بَابِهِ فَخَرَجَ إِلَيْهِمْ فَقَالَ إِنَّمَا أَنَا بَشَرٌ وَإِنَّهُ يَأْتِينِي الْخَصْمُ وَلَعَلَّ بَعْضَهُمْ أَنْ يَكُونَ أَبْلَغَ مِنْ بَعْضٍ فَأَقْضِيَ لَهُ بِذَلِكَ وَأَحْسِبَ أَنَّهُ صَادِقٌ فَمَنْ قَضَيْتُ لَهُ بِحَقِّ مُسْلِمٍ فَإِنَّمَا هُوَ قِطْعَةٌ مِنَ النَّارِ فَلْيَأْخُذْهَا أَوْ لِيَدَعْهَا  

[Machine] A man from Hadramaut and a man from Kindah came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . The man from Hadramaut said, "O Messenger of Allah, this man has conquered my land, which belonged to my father." The man from Kindah responded, "It is my land, which I am cultivating and he has no right to it." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ asked the man from Hadramaut, "Do you have any evidence?" He replied, "No." The Prophet said, "Then the land is yours." The man from Kindah said, "O Prophet of Allah, he does not care about what he swears upon, and he does not refrain from any wrongdoing." The Prophet said to the man from Hadramaut, "You only have this right." The man from Hadramaut left to gather his evidence and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "If he swears falsely on his wealth, injustly taking it away, then he will face Allah on the Day of Judgment while disregarding it." This is how I found it in my book, and likewise I found it in the book of Muslim, narrated from Ishaq bin Ibrahim and Zuhair bin Harb, from Abu Al-Walid, from Abu Awanah, from Abdul Malik bin Umayr, from Alqamah. This hadith has also been narrated by Uthman bin Sa'id Ad-Darimi, Muhammad bin Al-Husayn bin Abi Al-Hunayn, and Abu Muslim Ibrahim bin Abdullah Al-Kajji, and others, from Abu Al-Walid. They all mentioned in the hadith, "You only have this right." And likewise.  

جَاءَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ حَضْرَمَوْتَ وَرَجُلٌ مِنْ كِنْدَةَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ الْحَضْرَمِيُّ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ هَذَا قَدْ غَلَبَنِي عَلَى أَرْضِي قَدْ كَانَتْ لِأَبِي فَقَالَ الْكِنْدِيُّ هِيَ أَرْضِي فِي يَدِي أَزْرَعُهَا لَيْسَ لَهُ فِيهَا حَقٌّ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لِلْحَضْرَمِيِّ أَلَكَ بَيِّنَةٌ ؟ قَالَ لَا قَالَ فَلَكَ يَمِينُهُ قَالَ يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ يُبَالِي مَا حَلَفَ عَلَيْهِ لَيْسَ يَتَوَرَّعُ عَنْ شَيْءٍ قَالَ لَيْسَ لَكَ إِلَّا ذَلِكَ قَالَ فَانْطَلَقَ بِهِ لِيُحَلِّفَهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَمَّا أَدْبَرَ أَمَا لَئِنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى مَالٍ لِيَأْخُذَهُ ظُلْمًا فَلَيَلْقَيَّنَ اللهَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَهُوَ عَنْهُ مُعْرِضٌ هَكَذَا وَجَدْتُهُ فِي كِتَابِي وَكَذَلِكَ وَجَدْتُهُ فِي كِتَابِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَزُهَيْرِ بْنِ حَرْبٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْوَلِيدِ عَنْ أَبِي عَوَانَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ وَرَوَاهُ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الدَّارِمِيُّ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَبِي الْحُنَيْنِ وَأَبُو مُسْلِمٍ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْكَجِّيُّ وَغَيْرُهُمْ عَنْ أَبِي الْوَلِيدِ فَقَالُوا فِي الْحَدِيثِ لَيْسَ لَكَ مِنْهُ إِلَّا ذَلِكَ وَكَذَلِكَ  

[Machine] Abu Bakr Siddiq said, "If I found a man beyond the limits of Allah, I would not support him nor would I call upon anyone to support him until he is with me and not with someone else."  

قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ ؓ لَوْ وَجَدْتَ رَجُلًا عَلَى حَدٍّ مِنْ حُدُودِ اللهِ لَمْ أَحُدَّهُ أَنَا وَلَمْ أَدْعُ لَهُ أَحَدًا حَتَّى يَكُونَ مَعِي غَيْرِي  

He came to 'Umar bin Khattab from Egypt. 'Umar said: "How long has it been since you have taken off your leather socks?" He said: "From one Friday to the next." He said: "You have acted in accordance with the Sunnah." (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 558)   

أَصَبْتَ  

[Machine] I will not be the first of the four.  

لَا أَكُونُ أَنَا أَوَّلَ الْأَرْبَعَةِ  

[Machine] Come to the prince and I will testify for you, and these traces are interrupted, not the trace of a blade.  

ائْتِ الْأَمِيرَ وَأَنَا أَشْهَدُ لَكَ وَهَذِهِ الْآثَارُ مُنْقَطِعَةٌ غَيْرَ أَثَرِ شُرَيْحٍ  

[Machine] Shurayh Al-Qadi said, "Judgment is like burning ember, so lift the ember away from yourself with two sticks."  

قَالَ شُرَيْحٌ الْقَضَاءُ جَمْرٌ فَارْفَعِ الْجَمْرَ عَنْكَ بِعُودَيْنِ  

[Machine] "Omar, we have come to you so that you can arbitrate between us. And in his house, the judge was brought. So when they entered upon him, he made him sit with him on the edge of his bed. He said, 'This is the first injustice that you have done in your judgment, seating me and my opponent together.' He then said, 'Tell him the story.' He said, 'Zaid said to Abu, 'You have the right over the Commander of the Faithful, if you wish, you can pardon him.' Omar swore by that, and then he swore to him, 'You will not reach the door of justice until there is no virtue for me with you over anyone.'"

(Note: The passage is a conversation between individuals and lacks context, hence the translation might seem a bit disconnected or unclear in meaning.)  

عُمَرُ ؓ أَتَيْنَاكَ لِتَحْكُمَ بَيْنَنَا وَفِي بَيْتِهِ يُؤْتَى الْحَكَمُ قَالَ فَلَمَّا دَخَلُوا عَلَيْهِ أَجْلَسَهُ مَعَهُ عَلَى صَدْرِ فِرَاشِهِ قَالَ فَقَالَ هَذَا أَوَّلُ جَوْرٍ جُرْتَ فِي حُكْمِكَ أَجْلِسْنِي وَخَصْمِي مَجْلِسًا قَالَ فَقَصَّا عَلَيْهِ الْقِصَّةَ قَالَ فَقَالَ زَيْدٌ لِأُبَيٍّ الْيَمِينُ عَلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَإِنْ شِئْتَ أَعْفَيْتَهُ قَالَ فَأَقْسَمَ عُمَرُ ؓ عَلَى ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ أَقْسَمَ لَهُ لَا تُدْرِكْ بَابَ الْقَضَاءِ حَتَّى لَا يَكُونَ لِي عِنْدَكَ عَلَى أَحَدٍ فَضِيلَةٌ  

[Machine] He (someone) came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ when he came to Medina and heard that they were addressing him by the name of Abu Al-Hakam. So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ called him and said, "Indeed, Allah is the Judge and to Him belongs the Judgment. So why are you being called Abu Al-Hakam?" He replied, "When my people differ in something, they come to me and I judge between them, pleasing both parties." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "How good is this! What about your children?" He said, "I have Shurayh, Muslim, and Abdullah." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Who among them is the oldest?" He replied, "Shurayh." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Then you are Abu Shurayh." 20512 Abu Al-Hassan Ali ibn Ahmed ibn Muhammad ibn Dawud Al-Razzaz of Baghdad informed us that Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Abdullah Al-Shafi'i narrated to us that Muhammad ibn Al-Jahm Al-Sammari narrated to us from Ya'la ibn Ubaid from Ismail from Aamir who said, "There was a dispute between Umar and Ubay in a wall. Umar said, 'Between me and you is Zaid ibn Thabit.' So Umar went and knocked on the door and Zaid recognized his voice and opened the door. Umar said, 'O Amir al-Muminin, did you not send for me to come to you?' He replied, 'The judge is to be brought to my house' and he mentioned the story."  

وَفَدَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَتَى الْمَدِينَةَ فَسَمِعَهُمْ يُكَنُّونَهُ بِأَبِي الْحَكَمِ فَدَعَاهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ هُوَ الْحَكَمُ وَإِلَيْهِ الْحُكْمُ فَلِمَ تُكَنَّى أَبَا الْحَكَمِ؟ قَالَ إِنَّ قَوْمِي إِذَا اخْتَلَفُوا فِي شَيْءٍ أَتَوْنِي فَحَكَمْتُ بَيْنَهُمْ فَرَضِيَ كِلَا الْفَرِيقَيْنِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَا أَحْسَنَ هَذَا فَمَا لَكَ مِنَ الْوَلَدِ؟ قَالَ لِي شُرَيْحٌ وَمُسْلِمٌ وَعَبْدُ اللهِ قَالَ فَمَنْ أَكْبَرُهُمْ؟ قَالَ قُلْتُ شُرَيْحٌ قَالَ فَأَنْتَ أَبُو شُرَيْحٍ 20512 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ دَاوُدَ الرَّزَّازُ بِبَغْدَادَ أَنْبَأَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الشَّافِعِيُّ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْجَهْمِ السِّمَّرِيُّ ثنا يَعْلَى بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ عَامِرٍ قَالَ كَانَ بَيْنَ عُمَرَ وَأُبَيٍّ ؓ خُصُومَةٌ فِي حَائِطٍ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَكَ زَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ فَانْطَلَقَا فَطَرَقَ عُمَرُ الْبَابَ فَعَرَفَ زَيْدٌ صَوْتَهُ فَفَتَحَ الْبَابَ فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَلَا بَعَثْتَ إِلِيَّ حَتَّى آتِيَكَ؟ فَقَالَ فِي بَيْتِهِ يُؤْتَى الْحَكَمُ وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ