Yahya related to me from Malik, from Hisham ibn Urwa, that Abdullah ibn az-Zubayr stayed in Makka for nine years. He would go into ihram for hajj at the beginning of Dhu'l-Hijja, and Urwa ibn az- Zubayr, who was with him, would do likewise. Yahya said that Malik said, "The people of Makka and whoever else is living there besides them should go into ihram for hajj if they are in Makka, and anyone that is living in the centre of Makka and is not one of the people of Makka should not leave the Haram." Yahya said that Malik said, "Someone who goes into ihram for hajj in Makka should delay tawaf of the House and the sa'y between Safa and Marwa until he has come back from Mina, which is what Abdullah ibn Umar used to do." Malik was asked what the people of Madina, or anybody else, should do about tawaf if they went into ihram in Makka at the beginning of Dhu'l-Hijja, and he said, "They should delay the obligatory tawaf, which is the one they combine with the say between Safa and Marwa, but they can do whatever other tawaf they want to, and they should pray two rakas every time they complete seven tawafs, which is what the companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ did when they had gone into ihram to do hajj. They delayed the tawaf of the House and the sa'y between Safa and Marwa until they had come back from Mina. Abdullah ibn Umar also did this, going into ihram for hajj in Makka at the beginning of Dhu'l-Hijja, and then delaying tawaf of theHouse and the say between Safa and Marwa until he had come back from Mina." Malik was asked whether one of the people of Makka could go into ihram to do umra in the centre of Makka, and he said, "No. He should go outside the Haram and go into ihram there."

قَالَ مَالِكٌ وَإِنَّمَا يُهِلُّ أَهْلُ مَكَّةَ وَغَيْرُهُمْ بِالْحَجِّ إِذَا كَانُوا بِهَا وَمَنْ كَانَ مُقِيمًا بِمَكَّةَ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَهْلِهَا مِنْ جَوْفِ مَكَّةَ لاَ يَخْرُجُ مِنَ الْحَرَمِ قَالَ يَحْيَى قَالَ مَالِكٌ وَمَنْ أَهَلَّ مِنْ مَكَّةَ بِالْحَجِّ فَلْيُؤَخِّرِ الطَّوَافَ بِالْبَيْتِ وَالسَّعْىَ بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ حَتَّى يَرْجِعَ مِنْ مِنًى وَكَذَلِكَ صَنَعَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ وَسُئِلَ مَالِكٌ عَمَّنْ أَهَلَّ بِالْحَجِّ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ أَوْ غَيْرِهِمْ مِنْ مَكَّةَ لِهِلاَلِ ذِي الْحِجَّةِ كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ بِالطَّوَافِ قَالَ أَمَّا الطَّوَافُ الْوَاجِبُ فَلْيُؤَخِّرْهُ وَهُوَ الَّذِي يَصِلُ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ السَّعْىِ بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ وَلْيَطُفْ مَا بَدَا لَهُ وَلْيُصَلِّ رَكْعَتَيْنِ كُلَّمَا طَافَ سُبْعًا وَقَدْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ الَّذِينَ أَهَلُّوا بِالْحَجِّ فَأَخَّرُوا الطَّوَافَ بِالْبَيْتِ وَالسَّعْىَ بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ حَتَّى رَجَعُوا مِنْ مِنًى وَفَعَلَ ذَلِكَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ فَكَانَ يُهِلُّ لِهِلاَلِ ذِي الْحِجَّةِ بِالْحَجِّ مِنْ مَكَّةَ وَيُؤَخِّرُ الطَّوَافَ بِالْبَيْتِ وَالسَّعْىَ بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ حَتَّى يَرْجِعَ مِنْ مِنًى وَسُئِلَ مَالِكٌ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ هَلْ يُهِلُّ مِنْ جَوْفِ مَكَّةَ بِعُمْرَةٍ قَالَ بَلْ يَخْرُجُ إِلَى الْحِلِّ فَيُحْرِمُ مِنْهُ

Malik said, "Someone who does umra in Shawwal, Dhu'l-Qada or Dhu'l-Hijja and then goes back to his people, and then returns and does hajj in that same year does not have to sacrifice an animal. Sacrificing an animal is only incumbent on some one who does umra in the months of hajj, and then stays in Makka and then does hajj. A person not from Makka who moves to Makka and establishes his home there and does umra in the months of the hajj and then begins his hajj there is not doing tamattu. He does not have to sacrifice an animal nor does he have to fast. He is in the same position as the people of Makka if he is one of those who are living there." Malik was asked whether a man from Makka who had gone to live in another town or had been on a journey and then returned to Makka with the intention of staying there, regardless of whether he had a family there or not, and entered it to do umra in the months of the hajj, and then began his hajj there, beginning his umra at the miqat of the Prophet ﷺ or at a place nearer than that, was doing tamattu or not? Malik answered, "He does not have to sacrifice an animal or fast as someone who is doing tamattu has to do. This is because Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, says in His Book, 'That is for someone whose family are not present at Masjid al-Haram. '

قَالَ يَحْيَى، قَالَ مَالِكٌ: مَنِ اعْتَمَرَ فِي شَوَّالٍ، أَوْ ذِي الْقَعْدَةِ، أَوْ ذِي الْحِجَّةِ، ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ، ثُمَّ حَجَّ مِنْ عَامِهِ ذلِكَ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ هَدْيٌ. إِنَّمَا الْهَدْيُ عَلَى مَنِ اعْتَمَرَ فِي أَشْهُرِ الْحَجِّ. ثُمَّ أَقَامَ حَتَّى الْحَجِّ. ثُمَّ حَجَّ قَالَ مَالِكٌ: وَكُلُّ مَنِ انْقَطَعَ إِلَى مَكَّةَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْآفَاقِ، وَسَكَنَهَا، ثُمَّ اعْتَمَرَ فِي أَشْهُرِ الْحَجِّ. ثُمَّ أَنْشَأَ الْحَجَّ مِنْهَا، فَلَيْسَ بِمُتَمَتِّعٍ. وَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ هَدْيٌ، وَلَا صِيَامٌ. وَهُوَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ، إِذَا كَانَ مِنْ سَاكِنِيهَا. وَسُئِلَ مَالِكٌ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ خَرَجَ إِلَى الرِّبَاطِ، أَوْ إِلَى سَفَرٍ مِنَ الْأَسْفَارِ، ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَى مَكَّةَ. وَهُوَ يُرِيدُ الْإِقَامَةَ بِهَا. كَانَ لَهُ أَهْلٌ بِمَكَّةَ، أَوْ لَا أَهْلَ لَهُ بِهَا. فَدَخَلَهَا بِعُمْرَةٍ فِي أَشْهُرِ الْحَجِّ، ثُمَّ أَنْشَأَ الْحَجَّ، وَكَانَتْ عُمْرَتُهُ الَّتِي دَخَلَ بِهَا مِنْ مِيقَاتِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ، أَوْ دُونَهُ. أَمُتَمَتِّعٌ مَنْ كَانَ عَلَى تِلْكَ الْحَالَةِ؟ فَقَالَ مَالِكٌ: لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ مَا عَلَى الْمُتَمَتِّعِ مِنَ الْهَدْيِ، أَوِ الصِّيَامِ. وَذلِكَ أَنَّ اللهَ ﷻ، يَقُولُ فِي كِتَابِهِ: ﴿ذَلِكَ لِمَن لَمْ يَكُنْ أَهلُهُ حَاضِرِي ⦗٥٠٢⦘ المَسجِدِ الحَرَامِ﴾ [البقرة ٢: ١٩٦]

Yahya related to me from Malik from Hisham ibn Urwa that Sawda bint Abdullah ibn Umar, who was in the household of Urwa ibn az- Zubayr, set off walking between Safa and Marwa when doing either hajj or an umra. She was a heavy woman and she began when everybody was leaving after the isha prayer, and she still had not completed her circuits when the first call was given for subh, but finished them between the two calls to prayer. If Urwa saw people doing circuits on riding beasts he would tell them in very strong terms not to do so, and they would pretend to be ill, out of awe of him. Hisham added, "He used to say to us about them 'These are unsuccessful and have lost.' " Malik said, "Someone who forgets say between Safa and Marwa in an umra, and does not remember until he is far from Makka, should return and do say. If, in the meantime, he has had intercourse with a woman, he should return and do say between Safa and Marwa so as to complete what remains of that umra, and then after that he has to do another umra and offer a sacrificial animal." Malik was asked about someone who met another man when doing say between Safa and Marwa and stopped to talk with him, and he said, "I do not like anyone to do that." Malik said, "If anyone forgets some of his tawaf or is uncertain about it and remembers only when he is doing say between Safa and Marwa, he should stop the say and complete his tawaf of the House apart from that about which he is certain. After that he prays the two rakas of the tawaf, and then begins his say between Safa and Marwa."

أَنَّ سَوْدَةَ بِنْتَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ كَانَتْ عِنْدَ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ فَخَرَجَتْ تَطُوفُ بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ فِي حَجٍّ أَوْ عُمْرَةٍ مَاشِيَةً وَكَانَتِ امْرَأَةً ثَقِيلَةً فَجَاءَتْ حِينَ انْصَرَفَ النَّاسُ مِنَ الْعِشَاءِ فَلَمْ تَقْضِ طَوَافَهَا حَتَّى نُودِيَ بِالأُولَى مِنَ الصُّبْحِ فَقَضَتْ طَوَافَهَا فِيمَا بَيْنَهَا وَبَيْنَهُ وَكَانَ عُرْوَةُ إِذَا رَآهُمْ يَطُوفُونَ عَلَى الدَّوَابِّ يَنْهَاهُمْ أَشَدَّ النَّهْىِ فَيَعْتَلُّونَ بِالْمَرَضِ حَيَاءً مِنْهُ فَيَقُولُ لَنَا فِيمَا بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَهُ لَقَدْ خَابَ هَؤُلاَءِ وَخَسِرُوا قَالَ مَالِكٌ مَنْ نَسِيَ السَّعْىَ بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ فِي عُمْرَةٍ فَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ حَتَّى يَسْتَبْعِدَ مِنْ مَكَّةَ أَنَّهُ يَرْجِعُ فَيَسْعَى وَإِنْ كَانَ قَدْ أَصَابَ النِّسَاءَ فَلْيَرْجِعْ فَلْيَسْعَ بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ حَتَّى يُتِمَّ مَا بَقِيَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ تِلْكَ الْعُمْرَةِ ثُمَّ عَلَيْهِ عُمْرَةٌ أُخْرَى وَالْهَدْىُ وَسُئِلَ مَالِكٌ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَلْقَاهُ الرَّجُلُ بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ فَيَقِفُ مَعَهُ يُحَدِّثُهُ فَقَالَ لاَ أُحِبُّ لَهُ ذَلِكَ قَالَ مَالِكٌ وَمَنْ نَسِيَ مِنْ طَوَافِهِ شَيْئًا أَوْ شَكَّ فِيهِ فَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ إِلاَّ وَهُوَ يَسْعَى بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ فَإِنَّهُ يَقْطَعُ سَعْيَهُ ثُمَّ يُتِمُّ طَوَافَهُ بِالْبَيْتِ عَلَى مَا يَسْتَيْقِنُ وَيَرْكَعُ رَكْعَتَىِ الطَّوَافِ ثُمَّ يَبْتَدِئُ سَعْيَهُ بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ

[Machine] From a man who heard it from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ : I bought a camel and packed my provisions on it. I traveled for a month until I reached Sham and there I found Abdullah ibn Unais. I said to the gatekeeper, "Tell him Jaabir is at the gate." The gatekeeper asked, "Ibn Abdullah?" I said, "Yes." He came out and covered me with his cloak, and I did the same to him. I said to him, "A narration has reached me that you heard from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ regarding the retribution. I feared that you or I might die before I heard it. He said, "I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying, 'People will be raised on the Day of Resurrection as barefooted, uncircumcised, and sunburned.' We asked, 'What does sunburned mean?' He replied, 'They will have nothing with them. Then they will be called with a voice that will be heard from a distance as it is heard from near: I am the King, I am the Judge. It is not appropriate for anyone from the people of Hellfire to enter Hell while someone from the people of Paradise has a right over him, even if it is for him to take a pledge from him. Similarly, it is not appropriate for anyone from the people of Paradise to enter Paradise while someone from the people of Hellfire has a right over him, even if it is for him to take a pledge from him, until the account is settled evenly.' He said, 'Then he struck his chest.' We asked, 'How is that possible when we come to Allah barefooted, uncircumcised, and sunburned?' He replied, 'By good deeds and bad deeds.'"

عَنْ رَجُلٍ سَمِعَهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَاشْتَرَيْتُ بَعِيرًا ثُمَّ شَدَدْتُ عَلَيْهِ رَحْلِي فَسِرْتُ إِلَيْهِ شَهْرًا حَتَّى قَدِمْتُ عَلَيْهِ الشَّامَ فَإِذَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أُنَيْسٍ فَقُلْتُ لِلْبَوَّابِ قُلْ لَهُ جَابِرٌعَلَى الْبَابِ فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ؟ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ فَخَرَجَ يَطَأُ ثَوْبَهُ فَاعْتَنَقَنِي وَاعْتَنَقْتُهُ فَقُلْتُ حَدِيثًا بَلَغَنِي عَنْكَ أَنَّكَ سَمِعْتَهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِي الْقِصَاصِ فَخَشِيتُ أَنْ تَمُوتَ أَوْ أَمُوتَ قَبْلَ أَنْ أَسْمَعَهُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ يُحْشَرُ النَّاسُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ أَوْ قَالَ الْعِبَادُ عُرَاةً غُرْلًا بُهْمًا قَالَ قُلْنَا وَمَا بُهْمًا؟ قَالَ لَيْسَ مَعَهُمْ شَيْءٌ ثُمَّ يُنَادِيهِمْ بِصَوْتٍ يَسْمَعُهُ مِنْ [بُعْدٍ كَمَا يَسْمَعُهُ مِنْ] قُرْبٍ أَنَا الْمَلِكُ أَنَا الدَّيَّانُ وَلَا يَنْبَغِي لِأَحَدٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ النَّارِ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ النَّارَ وَلَهُ عِنْدَ أَحَدٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ حَقٌّ حَتَّى أَقُصَّهُ مِنْهُ وَلَا يَنْبَغِي لِأَحَدٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ الْجَنَّةَ وَلِأَحَدٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ النَّارِ عِنْدَهُ حَقٌّ حَتَّى أَقُصَّهُ مِنْهُ حَتَّى اللَّطْمَةُ قَالَ قُلْنَا كَيْفَ وَإِنَّا إِنَّمَا نَأْتِي اللهَ ﷻ عُرَاةً غُرْلًا بُهْمًا؟ قَالَ بِالْحَسَنَاتِ وَالسَّيِّئَاتِ

[Machine] "Once, a man from the companions of the Prophet ﷺ narrated to me a hadith that he had heard from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , but I had not heard it directly from him. I was afraid that either he or I would die before I could hear it from him. So, I went and got a camel, and I firmly set my luggage on it, then I traveled on it for a month until I reached Sham (Greater Syria). There, I came to Abdullah ibn Unais al-Ansari, and I stood and sought permission from him. When I entered, I said to him: 'Jabir ibn Abdullah.' He came out to meet me and embraced me, and I embraced him. I said to him: 'I have heard that you heard a hadith from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ regarding injustices, and I was afraid that either you or I would die before I could hear it.' He said: 'I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: "Allah will gather His slaves and He will lean to one side with His hand towards Sham, exposing them naked, barefoot, and uncircumcised." I said: "What does uncircumcised mean?" He said: "They will have nothing with them and a caller will call out with a voice that will be heard by those far away just as it is heard by those nearby: 'I am the King who does not befit anyone from the people of Paradise to enter Paradise while someone from the people of the Fire is seeking justice from him, nor does it befit anyone from the people of the Fire to enter the Fire while someone from the people of Paradise is seeking justice from him, even until the final strike.'" I said: 'How is it that we will come naked, barefoot, and uncircumcised?' He said: 'Through good deeds and bad deeds.'"

عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ حَدِيثًا سَمِعَهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَلَمْ أَسْمَعْهُ مِنْهُ فَخَشِيتُ أَنْ يَمُوتَ أَوْ أَمُوتَ قَبْلَ أَنْ أَسْمَعْهُ فَابْتَعْتُ بَعِيرًا فَشَدَدْتُ عَلَيْهِ رَحْلِي ثُمَّ سِرْتُ عَلَيْهِ شَهْرًا حَتَّى قَدِمْتُ الشَّامَ فَأَتَيْتُ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ أُنَيْسٍ الْأَنْصَارِيَّ فَقُمْتُ فَاسْتَأْذَنْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَقُلْتُ جَابِرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ فَخَرَجَ إِلَيَّ فَعَانَقَنِي وَعَانَقْتُهُ قَالَ قُلْتُ حَدِيثًا بَلَغَنِي أَنَّكَ سَمِعْتَهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِي الْمَظَالِمِ خَشِيتُ أَنْ تَمُوتَ أَوْ أَمُوتَ قَبْلَ أَنْ أَسْمَعَهُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «يَحْشُرُ اللهُ الْعِبَادَ وَأَوْمَأَ بِيَدِهِ قِبَلَ الشَّامِ عُرَاةً حُفَاةً غُرْلًا بُهْمًا» قَالَ قُلْتُ مَا بُهْمًا؟ قَالَ «لَيْسَ مَعَهُمْ شَىءٌ وَيُنَادِي مُنَادٍ بِصَوْتٍ يَسْمَعْهُ مَنْ بَعُدَ كَمَا يَسْمَعُهُ مَنْ قَرُبَ أَنَا الْمَلِكُ الدَّيَّانُ لَا يَنْبَغِي لِأَحَدٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ وَأَحَدٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ النَّارِ يَطْلُبُهُ بِمَظْلَمَةٍ وَلَا يَنْبَغِي لِأَحَدٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ النَّارِ يَدْخُلُ النَّارَ وَأَحَدٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ يَطْلُبُهُ بِمَظْلَمَةٍ حَتَّى اللَّطْمَةِ» قَالَ قُلْتُ وَكَيْفَ وَإِنَّمَا نَأْتِي عُرَاةً غُرْلًا بُهْمًا؟ قَالَ «الْحَسَنَاتُ وَالسَّيِّئَاتُ»

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ entered the prayer and raised his hands saying "Allahu Akbar" three times, then said "Praise be to Allah" three times, then said "Glory be to Allah in the morning and in the evening" three times, then sought refuge in Allah from the accursed Satan and his blowing, spitting, and whispering. Abu Al-Hasan Ibn 'Abdan reported to us that Ahmad Ibn 'Ubaid Al-Saffar reported to us that Abu Muslim Ibrahim Ibn 'Abdullah reported to us that Abu Al-Walid reported to us that Shu'bah mentioned it with its meaning, except that he said, "O Allah, I seek refuge in You from the accursed Satan." 'Umar added, "And his blowing is old age, his spitting is death, and his whispering is poetry." Yazid Ibn Harun narrated it from Mis'ar, and Shu'bah narrated it from 'Umar, and a man from Anazah named 'Asim narrated it from Nafi 'Ibn Jubayr from his father from the Prophet ﷺ in the meaning of the Hadith of Abu Dawood. He added the explanation, except that he did not attribute it to 'Umar, but it was said: What is his whisper? He said, "Death that takes the son of Adam." It was said: What is his blowing? He said, "Old age." It was said: What is his spitting? He said, "Poetry." Abu 'Abdullah Al-Hafiz reported to us that Muhammad Ibn 'Abdullah Al-Saffar reported to us that Al-Harith Ibn Muhammad reported to us that Yazid Ibn Harun reported to us that Mis'ar and Shu'bah mentioned it.

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ لَمَّا دَخَلَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ كَبَّرَ قَالَ اللهُ أَكْبَرُ كَبِيرًا قَالَهَا ثَلَاثًا وَالْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ كَثِيرًا قَالَهَا ثَلَاثًا وَسُبْحَانَ اللهِ بُكْرَةً وَأَصِيلًا قَالَهَا ثَلَاثًا أَعُوذُ بِاللهِ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ مِنْ نَفْخِهِ وَنَفْثِهِ وَهَمْزِهِ 2354 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ بْنُ عَبْدَانَ أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الصَّفَّارُ ثنا أَبُو مُسْلِمٍ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ ثنا أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ ثنا شُعْبَةُ فَذَكَرَهُ بِمَعْنَاهُ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ اللهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ وَزَادَ قَالَ عُمَرُ وَنَفْخُهُ الْكِبْرُ وَهَمْزُهُ الْمُوتَةُ وَنَفْثُهُ الشِّعْرُ وَرَوَاهُ يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ عَنْ مِسْعَرٍ وَشُعْبَةُ عَنْ عَمْرٍو عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ عَنَزَةَ يُقَالُ لَهُ عَاصِمٌ عَنْ نَافِعِ بْنِ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ مُطْعِمٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِمَعْنَى حَدِيثِ أَبِي دَاوُدَ وَزَادَ التَّفْسِيرَ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَنْسُبْهُ إِلَى عَمْرٍو وَلَكِنْ قَالَ قِيلَ وَمَا هَمْزُهُ؟ قَالَ الْمُوتَةُ الَّتِي تَأْخُذُ ابْنَ آدَمَ قِيلَ وَمَا نَفْخُهُ؟ قَالَ الْكِبْرُ قِيلَ وَمَا نَفْثُهُ؟ قَالَ الشِّعْرُ أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الصَّفَّارُ ثنا الْحَارِثُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ ثنا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ ثنا مِسْعَرٌ وَشُعْبَةُ فَذَكَرَهُ

[Machine] I was one of the sons of Asawira Fares, so he mentioned the story saying, "I set out and one land would elevate me and another would lower me until I passed by a group of Arabs who enslaved me. They sold me until a woman bought me. I heard them mentioning the Prophet ﷺ, and life was valuable. So I said to her, 'Give me a day.' She said yes, so I set out and gathered firewood and sold it. Then I made food and brought it to the Prophet ﷺ and placed it in front of him. He said, 'What is this?' I said, 'It is charity.' He told his companions, 'Eat,' but he himself did not eat. I said, 'This is one of his signs.' Then I stayed as long as Allah willed for me to stay. I said to my owners, 'Give me a day.' They said yes, so I set out and gathered firewood and sold it more than before. Then I made food and brought it to him and he was sitting with his companions. I placed it in front of him and he said, 'What is this?' I said, 'It is a gift.' He placed his hand and said to his companions, 'Take it, in the name of Allah.' I stood behind him and he placed his cloak. Then I saw the seal of prophethood, so I said, 'I bear witness that you are the Messenger of Allah.' He asked, 'What is that?' So I told him about the man and said, 'Will he enter Paradise, O Messenger of Allah, as he told me that you are a prophet?' He replied, 'No one will enter Paradise except a Muslim soul.' I said, 'O Messenger of Allah, he informed me that you are a prophet. Will he enter Paradise?' He said, 'No one will enter Paradise except a Muslim soul.'

كُنْتُ مِنْ أَبْنَاءِ أَسَاوِرَةِ فَارِسَ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ قَالَ فَانْطَلَقْتُ تَرْفَعُنِي أَرْضٌ وَتَخْفِضُنِي أُخْرَى حَتَّى مَرَرْتُ عَلَى قَوْمٍ مِنَ الْأَعْرَابِ فَاسْتَعْبَدُونِي فَبَاعُونِي حَتَّى اشْتَرَتْنِي امْرَأَةٌ فَسَمِعْتُهُمْ يَذْكُرُونَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَكَانَ الْعَيْشُ عَزِيزًا فَقُلْتُ لَهَا هَبِي لِي يَوْمًا فَقَالَتْ نَعَمْ فَانْطَلَقْتُ فَاحْتَطَبْتُ حَطَبًا فَبِعْتُهُ فَصَنَعْتُ طَعَامًا فَأَتَيْتُ بِهِ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَوَضَعْتُهُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَقَالَ مَا هَذَا؟ فَقُلْتُ صَدَقَةٌ فَقَالَ لِأَصْحَابِهِ كُلُوا وَلَمْ يَأْكُلْ قُلْتُ هَذِهِ مِنْ عَلَامَاتِهِ ثُمَّ مَكَثْتُ مَا شَاءَ اللهُ أَنْ أَمْكُثَ فَقُلْتُ لِمَوْلَاتِي هَبِي لِي يَوْمًا قَالَتْ نَعَمْ فَانْطَلَقْتُ فَاحْتَطَبْتُ حَطَبًا فَبِعْتُهُ بِأَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَصَنَعْتُ طَعَامًا فَأَتَيْتُهُ بِهِ وَهُوَ جَالِسٌ بَيْنَ أَصْحَابِهِ فَوَضَعْتُهُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَقَالَ مَا هَذَا؟ قُلْتُ هَدِيَّةٌ فَوَضَعَ يَدَهُ وَقَالَ لِأَصْحَابِهِ خُذُوا بِسْمِ اللهِ وَقُمْتُ خَلْفَهُ فَوَضَعَ رِدَاءَهُ فَإِذَا خَاتَمُ النُّبُوَّةِ فَقُلْتُ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ فَقَالَ وَمَا ذَاكَ؟ فَحَدَّثْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ وَقُلْتُ أَيَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فَإِنَّهُ حَدَّثَنِي أَنَّكَ نَبِيٌّ؟ فَقَالَ لَنْ يَدْخُلَ الْجَنَّةَ إِلَّا نَفْسٌ مُسْلِمَةٌ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّهُ أَخْبَرَنِي أَنَّكَ نَبِيٌّ أَيَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ؟ قَالَ لَنْ يَدْخُلَ الْجَنَّةَ إِلَّا نَفْسٌ مُسْلِمَةٌ

[Machine] A man narrated to them in the gathering of Abu Uthman Al-Nahdi. Ibn Abi Adiy narrated from a sheikh in the gathering of Abu Uthman, who narrated from Ubaid the slave of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , who said that two women were fasting and a man said, "O Messenger of Allah, indeed there are two women who have been fasting and they were on the verge of death from thirst." So he turned away from him or remained silent, then he turned back and he said, "By emigration." He said, "O Prophet of Allah, I swear by Allah, they have died or were on the verge of death." He said, "Bring them." So they came. He said, "Bring a cup or a dish." He said to one of them, "Vomit." So she vomited pus, blood, and solid pieces of flesh until she filled half a cup. Then he said to the other, "Vomit." So she vomited pus, blood, solid pieces of flesh, and mucus until she filled the cup. Then he said, "Indeed, these two were fasting from what Allah made permissible for them, and they broke their fast with what Allah forbade them from. One of them was sitting next to the other and they started eating the flesh of people." Sulaiman Ibn Dawud narrated to us, who narrated to us Shu'bah from At-Taymi, who said that a man came to us in the gathering of Abu Uthman Al-Nahdi and he narrated from Ubaid the slave of the Prophet ﷺ . He was asked about the prayer of the Prophet ﷺ and he mentioned his prayer between Maghrib and Isha.

عَنْ رَجُلٍ حَدَّثَهُمْ فِي مَجْلِسِ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ النَّهْدِيِّ قَالَ ابْنُ أَبِي عَدِيٍّ عَنْ شَيْخٍ فِي مَجْلِسِ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ عَنْ عُبَيْدٍ مَوْلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَّ امْرَأَتَيْنِ صَامَتَا وَأَنَّ رَجُلًاقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ هَاهُنَا امْرَأَتَيْنِ قَدْ صَامَتَا وَإِنَّهُمَا قَدْ كَادَتَا أَنْ تَمُوتَا مِنَ الْعَطَشِ فَأَعْرَضَ عَنْهُ أَوْ سَكَتَ ثُمَّ عَادَ وَأُرَاهُ قَالَ بِالْهَاجِرَةِ قَالَ يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ إِنَّهُمَا وَاللهِ قَدْ مَاتَتَا أَوْ كَادَتَا أَنْ تَمُوتَا قَالَ ادْعُهُمَا قَالَ فَجَاءَتَا قَالَ فَجِيءَ بِقَدَحٍ أَوْ عُسٍّ فَقَالَ لِإِحْدَاهُمَا قِيئِي فَقَاءَتْ قَيْحًا أَوْ دَمًا وَصَدِيدًا وَلَحْمًا حَتَّى قَاءَتْ نِصْفَ الْقَدَحِ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِلْأُخْرَى قِيئِي فَقَاءَتْ مِنْ قَيْحٍ وَدَمٍ وَصَدِيدٍ وَلَحْمٍ عَبِيطٍ وَغَيْرِهِ حَتَّى مَلَأَتِ الْقَدَحَ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ هَاتَيْنِ صَامَتَا عَمَّا أَحَلَّ اللهُ لَهُمَا وَأَفْطَرَتَا عَلَى مَا حَرَّمَ اللهُ عَلَيْهِمَا جَلَسَتْ إِحْدَاهُمَا إِلَى الْأُخْرَى فَجَعَلَتَا يَأْكُلَانِ لُحُومَ النَّاسِ 23654حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ عَنِ التَّيْمِيِّ قَالَ طَرَأَ عَلَيْنَا رَجُلٌ فِي مَجْلِسِ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ النَّهْدِيِّ فَحَدَّثَنَاعَنْ عُبَيْدٍ مَوْلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَسُئِلَ عَنْ صَلَاةِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَذَكَرَ صَلَاتَهُ بَيْنَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَالْعِشَاءِ

[Machine] I came to my family at night and my hands were cracked, so they created me with saffron. Then I went to the Prophet ﷺ and greeted him, but he did not respond to me or welcome me. He told me to go and wash this off myself, so I went and washed it. Then I returned and there was still some residue on me, so I greeted him but he did not respond or welcome me. He told me to go and wash this off myself, so I washed it. Then I came back and greeted him, and he responded to me and welcomed me. He said that the angels do not attend the funeral of an unbeliever, or someone who is impure due to saffron or sexual impurity. It is permissible for someone in a state of sexual impurity (jannaba) to sleep, eat, or drink before performing ablution (wudu). Abu Ali al-Rawdabari informed us that Abu Bakr ibn Dasa narrated to us that Abu Dawud al-Sijistani narrated to us that Nasr ibn Ali narrated to us that Muhammad ibn Bakr narrated to us that Ibn Jurayj told us that Umar ibn Ata ibn Abi al-Khawwar informed him that he heard Yahya ibn Ya'mar report from a man who heard it from Ammar ibn Yasir. Umar claimed that Yahya named that man, but Umar forgot his name, and instead named him Ammar. I said to Umar, "But they are prohibited acts?" He said, "No, the people are settled." It was also reported from Al-Hasan al-Basri from Ammar ibn Yasir that the Prophet ﷺ said, in brief.

قَدِمْتُ عَلَى أَهْلِي لَيْلًا وَقَدْ تَشَقَّقَتْ يَدَايَ فَخَلَّقُونِي بِزَعْفَرَانٍ فَغَدَوْتُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَسَلَّمْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَلَمْ يَرُدَّ عَلَيَّ وَلَمْ يُرَحِّبْ بِي وَقَالَ اذْهَبْ فَاغْسِلْ هَذَا عَنْكَ فَذَهَبْتُ فَغَسَلْتُهُ ثُمَّ جِئْتُ وَقَدْ بَقِيَ عَلَيَّ مِنْهُ رَدْعٌ فَسَلَّمْتُ فَلَمْ يَرُدَّ عَلَيَّ وَلَمْ يُرَحِّبْ بِي فَقَالَ اذْهَبْ فَاغْسِلْ هَذَا عَنْكَ فَغَسَلْتُهُ ثُمَّ جِئْتُ فَسَلَّمْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَرَدَّ عَلَيَّ وَرَحَّبَ بِي وَقَالَ إِنَّ الْمَلَائِكَةَ لَا تَحْضُرُ جِنَازَةَ الْكَافِرِ بِخَيْرٍ وَلَا الْمُتَضَمِّخِ بِالزَّعْفَرَانِ وَلَا الْجُنُبِ وَرُخِّصَ لِلْجُنُبِ إِذَا نَامَ أَوْ أَكَلَ أَوْ شَرِبَ أَنْ يَتَوَضَّأَ 8973 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ دَاسَةَ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ السِّجِسْتَانِيُّ ثنا نَصْرُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ ثنا ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ أَخْبَرَنِي عُمَرُ بْنُ عَطَاءِ بْنِ أَبِي الْخَوَّارِ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ يَحْيَى بْنَ يَعْمَرَ يُخْبِرُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَخْبَرَهُ عَنْ عَمَّارِ بْنِ يَاسِرٍ ؓ زَعَمَ عُمَرُ أَنَّ يَحْيَى سَمَّى ذَلِكَ الرَّجُلَ فَنَسِيَ عُمَرُ اسْمَهُ أَنَّ عَمَّارًا قَالَ تَخَلَّقْتُ بِهَذِهِ الْقِصَّةِ وَالْأَوَّلُ أَثْبَتُ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِعُمَرَ وَهُمْ حُرُمٌ؟ قَالَ لَا الْقَوْمُ مُقِيمُونَ وَرُوِيَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ الْبَصْرِيِّ عَنْ عَمَّارِ بْنِ يَاسِرٍ ؓ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مُخْتَصَرًا

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said: "There are four things that do not curse their husbands: Jewish women, Christian women under Muslim men, free women under slave men, and slave women under free men. And Christian women under a Christian man." So we said to them, "Have you heard this from an unknown man and a mistaken man? And the narration of 'Amr ibn Shuayb from Abdullah ibn Amr is broken, and the two narrations contradict each other. One of them narrates from the Prophet ﷺ , and the other contradicts Abdullah ibn Amr." So it does not establish the narration from Amr ibn Shuayb or Abdullah ibn Amr, and no one accepts it except a mistaken man. And 'Amr ibn Shuayb has narrated to us rulings that are in accordance with our sayings and contradict yours, narrated by trustworthy people who attribute them to the Prophet ﷺ . So you rejected it from us and rejected his narration and attributed it to a mistake, so you are invalidated. If his hadith is established by his own hadiths that we agreed upon, and you contradicted it in about thirty rulings from the Prophet ﷺ , you have contradicted most of them, so you are unjust. If you argue with his narration, and he is not among those whose narrations we accept, and then you argue with it as if it were established from him, and he is among those whose narrations we accept, we do not accept it because it is broken between him and Abdullah ibn Amr.

النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَالَ أَرْبَعٌ لَا لِعَانَ بَيْنَهُنَّ وَبَيْنَ أَزْوَاجِهِنَّ الْيَهُودِيَّةُ وَالنَّصْرَانِيَّةُ تَحْتَ الْمُسْلِمِ وَالْحُرَّةُ تَحْتَ الْعَبْدِ وَالْأَمَةُ عِنْدَ الْحُرِّ وَالنَّصْرَانِيَّةُ عِنْدَ النَّصْرَانِيِّ فَقُلْنَا لَهُمْ رَوَيْتُمْ هَذَا عَنْ رَجُلٍ مَجْهُولٍ وَرَجُلٍ غَلَطَ وَعَمْرُو بْنُ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو مُنْقَطِعٌ وَاللَّذَانِ رَوَيَا يَقُولُ أَحَدُهُمَا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَالْآخَرُ يَقِفُهُ عَلَى عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو فَهُوَ لَا يَثْبُتُ عَنْ عَمْرٍو وَلَا عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو وَلَا يَبْلُغُ بِهِ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ إِلَّا رَجُلٌ غَلِطَ قَالَ وَعَمْرُو بْنُ شُعَيْبٍ قَدْ رَوَى لَنَا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَحْكَامًا تُوَافِقُ أَقَاوِيلَنَا وَتُخَالِفُ أَقَاوِيلَكُمْ يَرْوِيهَا عَنْهُ الثِّقَاتُ فَيُسْنِدُهَا إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَرَدَدْتُمُوهَا عَلَيْنَا وَرَدَدْتُمْ رِوَايَتَهُ وَنَسَبْتُمُوهَا إِلَى الْغَلَطِ فَأَنْتُمْ مَحْجُوجُونَ إِنْ كَانَ مِمَّنْ يَثْبُتُ حَدِيثُهُ بِأَحَادِيثِهِ الَّتِي وَافَقْنَاهَا وَخَالَفْتُمُوهَا فِي نَحْوٍ مِنْ ثَلَاثِينَ حُكْمًا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ خَالَفْتُمْ أَكْثَرَهَا فَأَنْتُمْ غَيْرُ مُنْصِفِينَ إِنِ احْتَجَجْتُمْ بِرِوَايَتِهِ وَهُوَ مِمَّنْ لَا نُثْبِتُ رِوَايَتَهُ ثُمَّ احْتَجَجْتُمْ مِنْهَا بِمَا لَوْ كَانَ ثَابِتًا عَنْهُ وَهُوَ مِمَّنْ يَثْبُتُ حَدِيثُهُ لَمْ نُثْبِتْهُ لِأَنَّهُ مُنْقَطِعٌ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو

" عن سعيدِ بنِ سفيانَ القَارِى قال: تُوُفِّىَ أخِى وَأَوْصَى بمائة دِينَارٍ في سَبيلِ الله، فدخلتُ على عثمانَ بنِ عفانَ وعنْدَهُ رَجلٌ قاعدٌ وعلىَّ قباءٌ جيبهُ وفروجه مكفوفٌ بحَريرٍ، فلما رآنى ذلك الرجلُ أقبلَ علىَّ يجاذِبُنِى قبائِى ليَخْرِقَهُ، فلما رأى ذلك عثمانُ قالَ: دعِ الرَّجُلَ، فَتَركنِى ثمَّ قالَ: قد عَجِلْتُم، فسألتُ عثمانَ فقُلْتُ: يَا أَميرَ المؤمنين، تُوُفّىَ أَخى وَأَوْصَى بِمائةِ دِينَارٍ فِى سَبِيلِ الله فَمَا تَأمُرُنِى؟ قال: هل سَأَلْتَ أَحَدًا قَبْلي؟ قلتُ: لا، قالَ لئنِ استفتيتَ أحدًا قبلى فأَفْتَاكَ غَيْرَ الَّذِى أفْتَيْتُكَ بِهِ ضَرَبْتُ عُنُقَهُ، إنَّ الله أمَرنا بالإسْلاَمِ فَأسْلَمْنَا كُلُّنَا، فنحن المسلِمُونَ، وَأمَرَنَا بِالْجِهَادِ فَهَاجَرْنَا فَنَحْنُ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ أَهْل الْمَدِينَةِ، ثَمَّ أَمَرنَا بِالْجِهَادِ فَجَاهَدتُمْ فَأَنْتُمُ الْمُجَاهِدُونَ أَهْل الشَّامِ، أَنْفِقْهَا عَلى نَفْسِكَ وَعَلى أَهْلِكَ وَعَلى ذِى الحاجة مِمَّنْ حَوْلَكَ، فإنه لو خَرَجْتَ بِدِرْهَمٍ ثُم اشْتَرَيْتَ بِهِ لَحْمًا فأَكلتَه أنتَ وَأَهْلُكَ كُتِبَ لَكَ بِسَبْعمائَة دِرْهَمٍ فَخَرجْتُ مِن عِنْدِهِ فَسَألْتُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ الَّذِى يجاذبنى، فقيل: هو علىُّ بنُ أبى طالبٍ، فأتيتُه في منزله فقلتُ: ما رأيتَ منِّى؟ فقال: سمعتُ رسولَ الله ﷺ يقولُ: أوشَكَ أن تَسْتَحِلَّ أُمَّتِى فُرُوجَ النِّسَاء وَالْحَرِيرَ، وَهَذَا أَوَّلُ حَرِيرٍ رَأَيْتُهُ على أحدٍ مِنَ المسْلِمينَ، فَخَرَجْتُ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ فَبِعْتُهُ ".

"عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَسْلَمَةَ قَالَ: كُنَّا يَوْمًا عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ فَقَالَ لِحسَّان بْنِ ثَابِتٍ: يَا حَسَّانُ! أَنْشِدْنِي قَصِيدَةً مِنْ شِعْرِ الجَاهِلِيَّةِ، فَإِنَّ الله قَدْ وَضَعَ عَنْكَ آثَامَهَا فِى شِعْرِهَا وَرِوَايَتِهَا، وَفِي لَفْظٍ: أنْشِدْنَا مِنْ شِعْرِ الْجَاهِليَّةِ مَا عَفَا الله لَنَا فِيهِ، فَأَنْشَدَهُ قَصِيدَة الأَعْشَى، هَجَا بِهَا عَلْقَمةَ بْنَ عُلَاثَةَ:

عَلْقَمُ مَا أَنْتَ إِلَى عَامِرٍ ... النَّاقِضِ الأَوْتَارِ وَالْوَاتِر

فِى هِجَاءٍ كَثِيرٍ هَجَا بِهِ عَلْقَمَةَ، فَقَالَ النَّبِىُّ: يَا حَسَّانُ! لَا تَعُدْ تُنْشِدُ إِلِىَّ هَذِهِ الْقَصِيْدَةَ بَعْدَ مَجْلِسِى هذا، وَفِي لَفْظٍ: لَا تُنْشِدْ لي مِثْلَ هَذَا بَعْدَ الْيَوْمِ قَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ! تَنْهَانِي عَنْ رَجُلٍ مُشْرِكٍ مُقِيمٍ عِنْدَ قَيْصَرَ؟ فَقَالَ النَّبِىُّ ﷺ يَا حَسَّانُ! أشْكَرُ النَّاسِ للِنَّاسِ أَشْكَرُهُمْ للهِ، وَإِنَّ قَيْصَرَ سَأَلَ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ بْنَ حَرْبٍ عنى فَتَنَاوَلَ مِنِّي، وَسَأَلَ هَذَا فَأَحْسَنَ الْقَوْلَ، فَشَكَرَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَى ذَلِكَ وَفِي لَفْظٍ: فَقَالَ: يَا حَسَّانُ! إِنِّي ذُكِرْتُ عِنْدَ قَيْصرَ، وَعِنْدَهُ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ بْنُ حَرْبٍ وَعَلْقَمَةُ بْنُ عُلَاثَةَ، فَأَمَّا أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَلَمْ يَتْرُكْ فِىَّ، وَأَمَّا عَلْقَمَةُ فَحَسَّنَ الْقَوْلَ، وَإِنَّهُ لَا يَشْكُرُ اللهَ مَنْ لَا يَشْكرُ النَّاسَ".

"عن الحصَينِ بنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بنِ عَمْروِ بنِ سَعْدِ بنِ مُعَاذ، عَنْ أَبِى سُفْيَان مَوْلَى ابنِ أَبِى أحمد أَنَّ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ كَانَ يَقُولُ: حَدِّثُونِى عَنْ رَجُلٍ دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ لَمْ يُصلِّ قَطُّ صَلَاةً فَإِذَا لَمْ يَعْرِفْهُ النَّاسُ فَسَأَلُوهُ مَنْ هُوَ فَيَقُولُ: أصيرم بن عُبَيْد الأَشْهَل عمَرو بن ثَابِتِ بنِ وقش قَالَ الحصَيْنُ: قُلتُ لِمَحْمُودِ بنِ لَبِيدِ: كَيْفَ كَانَ شأن الأصيرم؟ قَالَ: كَانَ يأبى الإسْلامَ عَلَى قَوْمِه فَلَمَّا كَانَ يَومُ أُحُدٍ وَخَرَجَ النَّبِىُّ ﷺ بَدَا له الإِسْلامُ فَأَسْلَمَ، ثُمَّ أَخَذَ سَيْفَهُ فغدا حَتَّى أَتَى الَقْومَ فَدَخَلَ في عَرْضِ النَّاسِ حَتَّى أَثبتهُ الجِراحُ، فبينا رجَالَ بَنِى عَبْد الأشْهَلِ يَلْتَمسُونَ قَتْلاهُمْ في الْمَعْرَكَةِ إذْ هُم بِهِ فَقَالُوا: إِنَّ هَذَا أصرِم مَا جَاءَ بِه؟ لَقَدْ تَرَكْنَاهُ وَإنَّهُ لَمنْكِرٌ هَذَا الحَدِيث فَسَأَلُوهُ مَا جَاءَ بِهِ لله فَقَالُوا لَهُ: مَا جَاءَ بِكَ يا عمرو! أحدبًا عَلَى قومك أم رغبة في الإسْلَامِ، فقال: بَلْ رَغْبَةً في الإِسْلَامِ، فَآمَنْتُ بالله وَرسُولِهِ، وَأسْلَمْتُ وَأَخْذتُ سَيْفِى فَقَاتَلْتُ مَعَ رسُولِ الله ﷺ حتَّى أَصَابَنِى ما أَصَابِنَى، ثُمَّ لَمْ يَلْبَثْ أَنْ مَاتَ في أَيْدِيهم، فَذَكَرَهُ لِرَسُولِ الله ﷺ فَقَالَ: إِنَّهُ لَمْن أَهْلِ الجَّنَةِ".

[Machine] Jameela bint As-Salul came to the Prophet ﷺ and said, "By my father, are you and my mother to blame Thabit ibn Qays ibn Shimas for his character and religion? However, I cannot stand his dislike and I hate disbelief in Islam." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Do you reject his wealth? She replied, "Yes." So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered him to take what was brought to her and not to increase it."

أَنَّ جَمِيلَةَ بِنْتَ السَّلُولِ أَتَتِ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَتْ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي مَا أَعْتِبُ عَلَى ثَابِتِ بْنِ قَيْسِ بْنِ شِمَاسٍ فِي خُلُقٍ وَلَا دِينٍ وَلَكِنِّي لَا أُطِيقُهُ بُغْضًا وَأَكْرَهُ الْكُفْرَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ فَقَالَ أَتَرُدِّينَ عَلَيْهِ حَدِيقَتَهُ؟ قَالَتْ نَعَمْ فَأَمَرَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنْهَا مَا سَاقَ إِلَيْهَا وَلَا يَزْدَادُ كَذَا

Malik related to me that he heard that Urwa ibn az-Zubayr and Sulayman ibn Yasar when asked whether the sons of a man, who had a kitaba written for himself and his children and then died, worked for the kitaba of their father or were slaves, said, "They work for the kitaba of their father and they have no reduction at all for the death of their father." Malik said, "If they are small and unable to work, one does not wait for them to grow up and they are slaves of their father's master unless the mukatab has left what will pay their instalments for them until they can work. If there is enough to pay for them in what he has left, that is paid for on their behalf and they are left in their condition until they can work, and then if they pay, they are free. If they cannot do it, they are slaves." Malik spoke about a mukatab who died and left property which was not enough to pay his kitaba, and he also left a child with him in his kitaba and an umm walad, and the umm walad wanted to work for them. He said, "The money is paid to her if she is trustworthy with it and strong enough to work. If she is not strong enough to work and not trustworthy with property, she is not given any of it and she and the children of the mukatab revert to being slaves of the master of the mukatab." Malik said, "If people are written together in one kitaba and there is no kinship between them, and some of them are incapable and others work until they are all set free, those who worked can claim from those who were unable, the portion of what they paid for them because some of them assumed the responsibility for others."

عَنْ رَجُلٍ كَاتَبَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ وَعَلَى بَنِيهِ ثُمَّ مَاتَ هَلْ يَسْعَى بَنُو الْمُكَاتَبِ فِي كِتَابَةِ أَبِيهِمْ أَمْ هُمْ عَبِيدٌ فَقَالاَ بَلْ يَسْعَوْنَ فِي كِتَابَةِ أَبِيهِمْ وَلاَ يُوْضَعُ عَنْهُمْ لِمَوْتِ أَبِيهِمْ شَىْءٌ قَالَ مَالِكٌ وَإِنْ كَانُوا صِغَارًا لاَ يُطِيقُونَ السَّعْىَ لَمْ يُنْتَظَرْ بِهِمْ أَنْ يَكْبَرُوا وَكَانُوا رَقِيقًا لِسَيِّدِ أَبِيهِمْ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ الْمُكَاتَبُ تَرَكَ مَا يُؤَدَّى بِهِ عَنْهُمْ نُجُومُهُمْ إِلَى أَنْ يَتَكَلَّفُوا السَّعْىَ فَإِنْ كَانَ فِيمَا تَرَكَ مَا يُؤَدَّى عَنْهُمْ أُدِّيَ ذَلِكَ عَنْهُمْ وَتُرِكُوا عَلَى حَالِهِمْ حَتَّى يَبْلُغُوا السَّعْىَ فَإِنْ أَدَّوْا عَتَقُوا وَإِنْ عَجَزُوا رَقُّوا قَالَ مَالِكٌ فِي الْمُكَاتَبِ يَمُوتُ وَيَتْرُكُ مَالاً لَيْسَ فِيهِ وَفَاءُ الْكِتَابَةِ وَيَتْرُكُ وَلَدًا مَعَهُ فِي كِتَابَتِهِ وَأُمَّ وَلَدٍ فَأَرَادَتْ أُمُّ وَلَدِهِ أَنْ تَسْعَى عَلَيْهِمْ إِنَّهُ يُدْفَعُ إِلَيْهَا الْمَالُ إِذَا كَانَتْ مَأْمُونَةً عَلَى ذَلِكَ قَوِيَّةً عَلَى السَّعْىِ وَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ قَوِيَّةً عَلَى السَّعْىِ وَلاَ مَأْمُونَةً عَلَى الْمَالِ لَمْ تُعْطَ شَيْئًا مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَرَجَعَتْ هِيَ وَوَلَدُ الْمُكَاتَبِ رَقِيقًا لِسَيِّدِ الْمُكَاتَبِ قَالَ مَالِكٌ إِذَا كَاتَبَ الْقَوْمُ جَمِيعًا كِتَابَةً وَاحِدَةً وَلاَ رَحِمَ بَيْنَهُمْ فَعَجَزَ بَعْضُهُمْ وَسَعَى بَعْضُهُمْ حَتَّى عَتَقُوا جَمِيعًا فَإِنَّ الَّذِينَ سَعَوْا يَرْجِعُونَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ عَجَزُوا بِحِصَّةِ مَا أَدَّوْا عَنْهُمْ لأَنَّ بَعْضَهُمْ حُمَلاَءُ عَنْ بَعْضٍ

Malik was asked whether someone who went into a mosque to do itikaf for the last ten days of Ramadan and stayed there for a day or two but then became ill and left the mosque, had to do itikaf for the number of days that were left from the ten, or not, and if he did have to do so, then what month should he do it in, and he replied, "He should make up whatever he has to do of the itikaf when he recovers, whether in Ramadan or otherwise. I have heard that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ once wanted to do itikaf in Ramadan, but then came back without having done so, and then when Ramadan had gone, he did itikaf for ten days in Shawwal. Some one who does itikaf voluntarily in Ramadan and some one who has to do itikaf are in the same position regarding what is halal for them and what is haram. I have not heard that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ever did itikaf other than voluntarily." Malik said, that if a woman did itikaf and then menstruated during her itikaf, she went back to her house, and, when she was pure again she returned to the mosque, at whatever time it was that she became pure. She then continued her itikaf from where she left off. This was the same situation as with a woman who had to fast two consecutive months, and who menstruated and then became pure. She then continued the fast from where she had left off and did not delay doing so.

قالَ يَحْيى، قالَ زِيادٌ: وسُئِلَ مالِكٌ عَنْ رَجُلٍ دَخَلَ المَسْجِدَ لِعُكُوفٍ فِي العَشْرِ الأواخِرِ مِن رَمَضانَ. فَأقامَ يَوْمًا، أوْ يَوْمَيْنِ. ثُمَّ مَرِضَ. فَخَرَجَ مِنَ المَسْجِدِ. أيَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ أنْ يَعْتَكِفَ ما بَقِيَ مِنَ العَشْرِ، إذا صَحَّ، أمْ لاَ يَجِبُ ذلِكَ عَلَيْهِ، وفِي أيِّ شَهْرٍ يَعْتَكِفُ، إنْ وجَبَ ذلِكَ عَلَيْهِ؟ فَقالَ مالِكٌ: يَقْضِي ما وجَبَ عَلَيْهِ مِن عُكُوفٍ. إذا صَحَّ، فِي رَمَضانَ، أوْ غَيْرِهِ. قالَ مالِكٌ وقَدْ بَلَغَنِي أنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أرادَ العُكُوفَ فِي رَمَضانَ. ثُمَّ رَجَعَ فَلَمْ يَعْتَكِفْ. حَتّى إذا ذَهَبَ رَمَضانُ، اعْتَكَفَ عَشْرًا مِن شَوّالٍ. قالَ يَحْيى، قالَ زِيادٌ، قالَ مالِكٌ والمُتَطَوِّعُ فِي الِاعْتِكافِ، والَّذِي عَلَيْهِ الِاعْتِكافُ، أمْرُهُما واحِدٌ. فِيما يَحِلُّ لَهُما، ويَحْرُمُ عَلَيْهِما. ولَمْ يَبْلُغْنِي أنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كانَ اعْتِكافُهُ إلاَّ تَطَوُّعًا. قالَ يَحْيى، قالَ زِيادٌ، قالَ مالِكٌ، فِي المَرْأةِ: إنَّها إذا اعْتَكَفَتْ، ثُمَّ حاضَتْ فِي اعْتِكافِها، إنَّها تَرْجِعُ إلى بَيْتِها. فَإذا طَهُرَتْ رَجَعَتْ إلى المَسْجِدِ أيَّةَ ساعَةٍ طَهُرَتْ، ولاَ تُأخِّرُ ذلِكَ، ثُمَّ تَبْنِي عَلى ما مَضى مِنَ اعْتِكافِها. قالَ يَحْيى، قالَ زِيادٌ، قالَ مالِكٌ: ومِثْلُ ذلِكَ، المَرْأةُ، يَجِبُ عَلَيْها صِيامُ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتابِعَيْنِ. فَتَحِيضُ، ثُمَّ تَطْهُرُ. فَتَبْنِي عَلى ما مَضى مِن صِيامِها. ولاَ تُؤَخِّرُ ذلِكَ.

Yahya related to me from Malik, from Abdullah ibn Dinar, that Abdullah ibn Umar used to say, "Anyone that does umra in the months of hajj, that is, in Shawwal, Dhu'l-Qada, or in Dhu'l-Hijja before the hajj, and then stays in Makka until the time for hajj, is doing tamattu if he then does hajj. He must sacrifice whatever animal it is easy for him to obtain, and if he cannot find one then he must fast three days during hajj and seven days when he returns." Malik said, "This is only the case if he stays until the hajj and does hajj in that same year." Malik said that if someone who was from Makka but had stopped living there and gone to live elsewhere, came back to do umra in the months of the hajj and then stayed in Makka to begin hajj there, he was doing tamattu, and had to offer up a sacrificial animal, or fast if he could not find one. He was not the same as the people of Makka. Malik was asked whether someone who was not from Makka and entered Makka to do umra in the months of hajj with the intention of staying on to begin his hajj there was doing tamattu or not, and he said, "Yes, he is doing tamattu, and he is not the same as the people of Makka, even if he has the intention of staying there. This is because he has entered Makka, and is not one of its people, and making a sacrifice or fasting is incumbent on anyone who is not from Makka, and, although he intends to stay, he does not know what possibilities might arise later. He is not one of the people of Makka."

أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ مَنِ اعْتَمَرَ فِي أَشْهُرِ الْحَجِّ فِي شَوَّالٍ أَوْ ذِي الْقَعْدَةِ أَوْ فِي ذِي الْحِجَّةِ قَبْلَ الْحَجِّ ثُمَّ أَقَامَ بِمَكَّةَ حَتَّى يُدْرِكَهُ الْحَجُّ فَهُوَ مُتَمَتِّعٌ إِنْ حَجَّ وَعَلَيْهِ مَا اسْتَيْسَرَ مِنَ الْهَدْىِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ فَصِيَامُ ثَلاَثَةِ أَيَّامٍ فِي الْحَجِّ وَسَبْعَةٍ إِذَا رَجَعَ قَالَ مَالِكٌ وَذَلِكَ إِذَا أَقَامَ حَتَّى الْحَجِّ ثُمَّ حَجَّ مِنْ عَامِهِ قَالَ مَالِكٌ فِي رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ انْقَطَعَ إِلَى غَيْرِهَا وَسَكَنَ سِوَاهَا ثُمَّ قَدِمَ مُعْتَمِرًا فِي أَشْهُرِ الْحَجِّ ثُمَّ أَقَامَ بِمَكَّةَ حَتَّى أَنْشَأَ الْحَجَّ مِنْهَا إِنَّهُ مُتَمَتِّعٌ يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ الْهَدْىُ أَوِ الصِّيَامُ إِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ هَدْيًا وَأَنَّهُ لاَ يَكُونُ مِثْلَ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ وَسُئِلَ مَالِكٌ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ دَخَلَ مَكَّةَ بِعُمْرَةٍ فِي أَشْهُرِ الْحَجِّ وَهُوَ يُرِيدُ الإِقَامَةَ بِمَكَّةَ حَتَّى يُنْشِئَ الْحَجَّ أَمُتَمَتِّعٌ هُوَ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ هُوَ مُتَمَتِّعٌ وَلَيْسَ هُوَ مِثْلَ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ وَإِنْ أَرَادَ الإِقَامَةَ وَذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ دَخَلَ مَكَّةَ وَلَيْسَ هُوَ مِنْ أَهْلِهَا وَإِنَّمَا الْهَدْىُ أَوِ الصِّيَامُ عَلَى مَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ مِنْ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ وَأَنَّ هَذَا الرَّجُلَ يُرِيدُ الإِقَامَةَ وَلاَ يَدْرِي مَا يَبْدُو لَهُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ وَلَيْسَ هُوَ مِنْ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ

[Machine] From a man among the Prophet's companions ﷺ , who heard it from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about retribution, and I didn't hear it. So, I sought a camel and prepared my gear on it, then I traveled for a month until I reached Egypt. I came to Abdullah bin Unais and said to the gatekeeper, "Tell him Jabir is at the gate." He said, "The son of Abdullah?" I said, "Yes." So, he went to him and informed him. He then started to tread on his garment until he came out to me, and I embraced him and he embraced me. I said to him, "There is a hadith that I have heard from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about retribution, but I didn't hear it." I feared that I would die or she would die before I heard it. Abdullah said, "I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying, 'Allah will resurrect the people naked, barefoot and uncircumcised.' We asked, 'O Messenger of Allah, what does uncircumcised mean?' He replied, 'They will have nothing with them.' Then Allah will call them with a voice that will be heard by those far and near, 'I am the Sovereign, I am the Judge. It is not befitting for anyone from the people of Paradise to enter Paradise, nor for anyone from the people of Hell to enter Hell, and he has something due to him from Me, even to the extent of the strike of a falling leaf.' We asked, 'How is that possible when we come to Allah in a state of destitution and poverty?' He said, 'Through the good and bad deeds.' Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ recited the verse, 'Today, every soul will be recompensed for what it earned. No injustice today!'" [Surah Ghafir: 17]

عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ سَمِعَهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي الْقِصَاصِ وَلَمْ أَسْمَعْهُ فَابْتَعْتُ بَعِيرًا فَشَدَدْتُ رَحْلِي عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ سِرْتُ شَهْرًا حَتَّى قَدِمْتُ مِصْرَ فَأَتَيْتُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ أُنَيْسٍ فَقُلْتُ لِلْبَوَّابِ قُلْ لَهُ جَابِرٌ عَلَى الْبَابِ فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ؟ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ فَأَتَاهُ فَأَخْبَرَهُ فَقَامَ يَطَأُ ثَوْبَهُ حَتَّى خَرَجَ إِلَيْهِ فَاعْتَنَقَنِي وَاعْتَنَقْتُهُ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ حَدِيثٌ بَلَغَنِي عَنْكَ سَمِعْتَهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَلَمْ أَسْمَعْهُ فِي الْقِصَاصِ فَخَشِيتُ أَنْ أَمُوتَ أَوْ تَمُوتَ قَبْلَ أَنْ أَسْمَعَهُ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ يَحْشُرُ اللَّهُ الْعِبَادَ أَوْ قَالَ النَّاسَ عُرَاةً غُرْلًا بُهْمًا قَالَ قُلْنَا مَا بُهْمًا؟ قَالَ لَيْسَ مَعَهُمْ شَيْءٌ ثُمَّ يُنَادِيهِمْ بِصَوْتٍ يَسْمَعُهُ مَنْ بَعُدَ كَمَا يَسْمَعُهُ مَنْ قَرُبَ أَنَا الْمَلِكُ أَنَا الدَّيَّانُ لَا يَنْبَغِي لِأَحَدٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ الْجَنَّةَ وَلَا يَنْبَغِي لِأَحَدٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ النَّارِ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ النَّارَ وَعِنْدَهُ مَظْلِمَةٌ حَتَّى أَقُصَّهُ مِنْهُ حَتَّى اللَّطْمَةَ قَالَ قُلْنَا كَيْفَ ذَا وَإِنَّمَا نَأْتِي اللَّهَ غُرْلًا بُهْمًا؟ قَالَ «بِالْحَسَنَاتِ وَالسَّيِّئَاتِ» قَالَ وَتَلَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ {الْيَوْمَ تُجْزَى كُلُّ نَفْسٍ بِمَا كَسَبَتْ لَا ظُلْمَ الْيَوْمَ} [غافر 17] «صَحِيحُ الْإِسْنَادِ وَلَمْ يُخَرِّجَاهُ» صحيح

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, came out to the people while they were praying and their voices were raised in recitation. He said, "Indeed, the one who is praying is in private conversation with his Lord, so let him see what he converses with Him and not raise his voice over others with the Quran." Abu Abdullah Al-Rahman said that Ibn Al-Mubarak, Al-Laith ibn Saad, and Yazid ibn Harun narrated this hadith.

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ خَرَجَ عَلَى النَّاسِ وَهُمْ يُصَلُّونَ وَقَدْ عَلَتْ أَصْوَاتَهُمْ بِالْقِرَاءَةِ فَقَالَ «إِنَّ الْمُصَلِّيَ يُنَاجِي رَبَّهُ فَلْيَنْظُرْ مَاذَا يُنَاجِيهِ بِهِ وَلَا يَجْهَرْ بَعْضُكُمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ بِالْقُرْآنِ» قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ أَرْسَلَهُ ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ واللَّيْثُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ وَيَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ [388]

3351 أَخْبَرَنَا سُوَيْدُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ وَهُوَ ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِي حَازِمٍ مُرْسَلًا

3352 أَخْبَرَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِي حَازِمٍ مَوْلَى الْأَنْصَارِ وَكَانَ قَدِيمًا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ «إِنَّ الْمُصَلِّيَ» فَذَكَرَ نَحْوَهُ

3353 أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ أَخْبَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي حَازِمٍ مَوْلَى الْأَنْصَارِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ فَذَكَرَ نَحْوَهُ 3354 قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ وَرَوَاهُ ابْنُ نُمَيْرٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ أَبَا حَازِمٍ أَخْبَرَنَا حُسَيْنُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ نُمَيْرٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ قَوْمِهِ نَحْوَهُ

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ was approached by a man from the Bedouins who came to seek his advice regarding what is permissible and prohibited for him in terms of his wealth, rituals, lifestyle, and inheritance, including the products and offspring of his camels and livestock. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ replied, "You are permitted to consume what is lawful and prohibited from what is impure, except in the case of extreme necessity where you are allowed to eat from it until you can sustain yourself without it." At that time, the man asked, "What is considered poverty for a person who consumes such things? Is it my poverty that compels me to eat or my wealth that enables me to abstain?" The Messenger of Allah ﷺ answered, "If you expect offspring, then feed the flesh of your livestock to your offspring. Or if you expect rain, and it reaches you while you are present, then bring the flesh of your livestock to your offspring. And if you expect benefit from its wealth, then bring the flesh of your livestock to the one from whom you expect benefit. However, if you do not expect anything from these situations, then feed your family until you can sustain yourselves without it." The Bedouin asked, "What wealth should I leave behind if I find any?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "If you come across a surplus of milk, give it to your family and avoid consuming what is forbidden to you from food. As for your wealth, all of it is lawful except for the offspring of your camels, which are considered a branch of your wealth, and the offspring of your sheep, which are also considered a branch. Feed them to your livestock until you can sustain yourself, and if you wish, feed your family with it. And if you would like, you can also give it as charity." He also advised him to distribute one tenth of his sheep as inheritance for every one hundred.

أَتَاهُ يَعْنِي النَّبِيَّ ﷺ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَعْرَابِ يَسْتَفْتِيهِ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ مَا الَّذِي يَحِلُّ لَهُ؟ وَالَّذِي يَحْرُمُ عَلَيْهِ فِي مَالِهِ وَنُسُكِهِ وَمَاشِيَتِهِ وَعِتْرِهِ وَفَرْعِهِ مِنْ نِتَاجِ إِبِلِهِ وَعُقْمِهِ؟ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «أُحِلُّ لَكَ الطَّيِّبَاتِ وَأُحَرِّمُ عَلَيْكَ الْخَبَائِثَ إِلَّا أَنْ تَفْتَقِرَ إِلَى طَعَامٍ فَتَأْكُلَ مِنْهُ حَتَّى تَسْتَغْنِيَ عَنْهُ» وَأَنَّهُ سَأَلَهُ الرَّجُلُ حِينَئِذٍ فَقَالَ مَا فَقْرِيَ الَّذِي آكُلُ ذَلِكَ إِذَا بَلَغْتُهُ أَمْ غِنَايَ الَّذِي يُغْنِينِي عَنْهُ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «إِذَا كُنْتَ تَرْجُو نِتَاجًا فَتَبْلُغُ بِلُحُومِ مَاشِيَتِكَ إِلَى نِتَاجِكَ أَوْ كُنْتَ تَرْجُو غَيْثًا فَتُصِيبُهُ مُدْرِكًا فَتَبْلُغُ إِلَيْهِ بِلُحُومِ مَاشِيَتِكَ إِلَى نِتَاجِكَ أَوْ كُنْتَ تَرْجُو فَائِدَةَ مَالِهَا فَتَبْلُغُهَا بِلُحُومِ مَاشِيَتِكَ وَإِذَا كُنْتَ لَا تَرْجُو مِنْ ذَلِكَ شَيْئًا فَأَطْعِمْ أَهْلَكَ مَا بَدَا لَكَ حَتَّى تَسْتَغْنِيَ عَنْهُ» قَالَ الْأَعْرَابِيُّ وَمَا غِنَايَ الَّذِي أَدَعُهُ إِذَا وَجَدْتُهُ؟ قَالَ «إِذَا رَوَيْتَ أَهْلَكَ غَبُوقًا مِنِ اللَّبَنِ فَاجْتَنِبْ مَا حُرِّمَ عَلَيْكَ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ وَأَمَّا مَالُكَ فَإِنَّهُ مَيْسُورٌ كُلُّهُ لَيْسَ مِنْهُ حَرَامٌ غَيْرَ أَنَّ فِي نِتَاجِكَ مِنْ إِبِلِكَ فَرَعًا وَفِي نِتَاجِكَ مِنْ غَنَمِكَ فَرَعًا تَغْدُوهُ مَاشِيَتُكَ حَتَّى تَسْتَغْنِيَ ثُمَّ إِنْ شِئْتَ فَأَطْعِمْهُ أَهْلَكَ وَإِنْ شِئْتَ تَصَدَّقَ بِلَحْمِهِ» وَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَعْتِرَ مِنَ الْغَنَمِ مِنْ كُلِّ مِائَةٍ عَشْرًا

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was asked about a man who said to his wife, "You are divorced, if Allah wills." The Prophet ﷺ mentioned the exception to him. A man then asked, "O Messenger of Allah, what if he says to his son, 'You are free, if Allah wills?'" The Prophet ﷺ said, "He is to be freed, because Allah wills emancipation and does not will divorce." And Abu Bakr ibn Al-Harith Al-Faqih told us that Ali ibn Umar Al-Hafiz told us that Abu Al-Abbas Muhammad ibn Musa ibn Ali Ad-Dulabi told us that Humaid ibn Ar-Rabi' narrated to him from Ismail ibn Ayash, who said that Humaid said, "Yazid ibn Haroun said to me, 'What if it was a narration by Humaid ibn Malik An-Nakha'i, a well-known fabricator?'" I said, "He is my grandfather." Yazid said, "Now you have pleased me, it is a hadith." The sheikh said, "There is no great happiness in it, for Humaid ibn Rabee' ibn Humaid ibn Malik Al-Kufi, the Khazzaz, is extremely weak." Yahya ibn Ma'in attributed him and others to lying. Humaid ibn Malik is unknown and makhool (rejected). And it is narrated about him that it is a weak hadith, which cannot be used as evidence.

سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَالَ لِامْرَأَتِهِ أَنْتِ طَالِقٌ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ قَالَ لَهُ اسْتِثْنَاؤُهُ قَالَ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ وَإِنْ قَالَ لِغُلَامِهِ أَنْتَ حُرٌّ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ؟ فَقَالَ يَعْتِقُ لِأَنَّ اللهَ يَشَاءُ الْعِتْقَ وَلَا يَشَاءُ الطَّلَاقَ 15122 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ الْفَقِيهُ أنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْحَافِظُ نا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُوسَى بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الدُّولَابِيُّ نا حُمَيْدُ بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ نا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ نا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ النَّخَعِيِّ فَذَكَرَ نَحْوَ حَدِيثِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ قَالَ حُمَيْدٌ قَالَ لِي يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ وَأِيُّ حَدِيثٍ لَوْ كَانَ حُمَيْدُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ اللَّخْمِيُّ مَعْرُوفًا؟ قُلْتُ هُوَ جَدُّ أَبِي قَالَ يَزِيدُ سَرَرْتَنِي الْآنَ صَارَ حَدِيثًا قَالَ الشَّيْخُ لَيْسَ فِيهِ كَبِيرُ سُرُورٍ فَحُمَيْدُ بْنُ رَبِيعِ بْنِ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ الْكُوفِيُّ الْخَزَّازُ ضَعِيفٌ جِدًّا نَسَبَهُ يَحْيَى بْنُ مَعِينٍ وَغَيْرُهُ إِلَى الْكَذِبِ وَحُمَيْدُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ مَجْهُولٌ وَمَكْحُولٌ عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ مُنْقَطِعٌ وَقَدْ قِيلَ عَنْ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ مَكْحُولٍ عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ مَعْدَانَ عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ ؓ وَقِيلَ عَنْهُ عَنْ مَكْحُولٍ عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ يَخَامِرَ عَنْ مُعَاذٍ وَلَيْسَ بِمَحْفُوظٍ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ فِي مُقَابَلَتِهِ حَدِيثٌ ضَعِيفٌ لَا يَجُوزُ الِاحْتِجَاجُ بِمِثْلِهِ

"A man among us married a woman, but he did not name a dowry for her, and he did not have intercourse with her before he died." 'Abdullah said: 'Since I left the Messenger of Allah I have never been asked a more difficult question than this. Go to someone else.' They kept coming to him for a month, then at the end of that they said: 'Who shall we ask if we do not ask you? You are one of the most prominent Companions of Muhammad in this land and we cannot find anyone else.' He said: 'I will say what I think, and if it is correct then it is from Allah alone, with no partner, and if it is wrong then it is from me and from the Shaitan, and Allah and His Messenger have nothing to do with it. I think she should be given a dowry like that of her peers and no less, with no injustice, and she may inherit from him, and she has to observe the 'Iddah, four months and ten days.'" He said: "And that was heard by some people from Ashja', who stood up and said: 'We bear witness that you have passed the same judgment as the Messenger of Allah did concerning a woman from among us who was called Birwa' bint Washiq.'" He said: "Abdullah was never seen looking so happy as he did on that day, except with having accepted Islam." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3358)

عَنْ شَيْءٍ مُنْذُ فَارَقْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَشَدَّ عَلَيَّ مِنْ هَذِهِ فَأْتُوا غَيْرِي قَالَ قَالَ فَاخْتَلَفُوا إِلَيْهِ فِيهَا شَهْرًا ثُمَّ قَالُوا لَهُ فِي آخِرِ ذَلِكَ مَنْ يَسْأَلُ إِذَا لَمْ يَسْأَلْكَ وَأَنْتَ أُخَيَّةُ أَصْحَابِ مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ فِي هَذَا الْبَلَدِ وَلَا نَجِدُ غَيْرَكَ فَقَالَ سَأَقُولُ فِيهَا بِجَهْدِ رَأْيِي فَإِنْ كَانَ صَوَابًا فَمِنَ اللهِ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَإِنْ كَانَ خَطَأً فَمِنِّي وَاللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ مِنْهُ بَرِيءٌ أَرَى أَنْ أَجْعَلَ لَهَا صَدَاقًا كَصَدَاقِ نِسَائِهَا وَلَا وَكْسَ وَلَا شَطَطَ وَلَهَا الْمِيرَاثُ وعليها الْعِدَّةُ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرًا قَالَ وَذَلِكَ يَسْمَعُ ناسٌ مِنْ أَشْجَعَ فَقَامُوا فَقَالُوا نَشْهَدُ أَنَّكَ قَضَيْتَ بِمِثْلِ الَّذِي قَضَى بِهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي امْرَأَةٍ مِنَّا يُقَالُ لَهَا بِرْوَعُ بِنْتُ وَاشِقٍ قَالَ فَمَا رُئِيَ عَبْدُ اللهِ فَرِحَ يَوْمَئِذٍ لِشَيْءٍ مَا فَرِحَ إِلَّا بِإِسْلَامِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ اللهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَ صَوَابًا فَمِنْكَ وَحْدَكَ لَا شَرِيكَ لَكَ وَإِنْ كَانَ خَطَأً فَمِنِّي وَمِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ وَاللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ مِنْهُ بَرِيءٌ وَرَوَاهُ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ أَبِي خَالِدٍ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ فَقَالَ فِيهِ فَقَامَ مَعْقِلُ بْنُ سِنَانٍ الْأَشْجَعِيُّ وَرَوَاهُ ابْنُ عَوْنٍ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ وَقَالَ فِيهِ فَقَالَ الْأَشْجَعِيُّ

[Machine] The sun eclipsed during the time of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ so he performed two units of prayer with them. He prolonged the standing in them. Then the sun became clear and the Prophet ﷺ said, "Indeed, the signs are a source of fear by which Allah frightens His servants. So when you see that, pray as you have never prayed before." This is the wording of the hadith from Abdul Warith, and it is not mentioned in the narration of Wahb as a source of fear. He ﷺ then went out in a state of panic, pulling his clothes, and I was with him in Medina on that day.

كَسَفَتِ الشَّمْسُ عَلَى عَهْدِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ رَكْعَتَيْنِ أَطَالَ فِيهِمَا الْقِيَامَ قَالَ وَانْجَلَتْ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِنَّمَا الْآيَاتُ تَخْوِيفًا يُخَوِّفُ اللهُ بِهَا عِبَادَهُ فَإِذَا رَأَيْتُمْ ذَلِكَ فَصَلُّوا كَأَحْدَثِ صَلَاةٍ صَلَّيْتُمُوهَا مِنَ الْمَكْتُوبَةِ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ عَبْدِ الْوَارِثِ وَلَيْسَ فِي رِوَايَةِ وُهَيْبٍ تَخْوِيفًا وَزَادَ فِي أَوَّلِهِ فَخَرَجَ فَزِعًا يَجُرُّ ثَوْبَهُ وَأَنَا مَعَهُ يَوْمَئِذٍ بِالْمَدِينَةِ وَهَذَا أَيْضًا لَمْ يَسْمَعْهُ أَبُو قِلَابَةَ عَنْ قَبِيصَةَ إِنَّمَا

"Aishah said: 'Shall I not tell you about me and about the Prophet?' We said: 'Yes.' She said: 'When it was my night when he was with me' - meaning the Prophet -'He came back (from 'Isha' prayer), put his sandals by his feet and spread the edge of his Izar on his bed. He stayed until he thought that I had gone to sleep. Then he put his sandals on slowly, picked up his cloak slowly, then opened the door slowly and went out slowly. I covered my head, put on my vie and tightened my waist wrapper, then I followed his steps until he came to Al-Baqi'. He raised his hands three times, and stood there for a long time, then he left and I left. He hastened and I also hastened; he ran and I also ran. He came (to the house) and I also came, but I got there first and entered, and as I lay down he came in. He said: "Tell me, or the Subtle, the All-Aware will tell me.' I said: 'O Messenger of Allah, may my father and mother be ransomed for you,' and I told him (the whole story). He said: 'So you were the black shape that I saw in front of me?' I said, 'Yes.' He gave me a nudge on the chest which I felt, then he said: 'Did you think that Allah and His Messenger would deal unjustly with you?' I said: 'Whatever the people conceal, Allah knows it.' He said: Jibril came to me when I saw you, but he did not enter upon me because you where not fully dressed. He called me but he concealed that from you, and I answered him, but I concealed that from you too. I thought that you had gone to sleep and I did not want to wake you up, and I was afraid that you would be frightened. He told me to go to Al-Baqi' and pray for forgiveness for them.' I said: 'What should I say, O Messenger of Allah?' He said: 'Say" Peace be upon the inhabitants of this place among the believers and Muslims. May Allah have mercy upon those who have gone on ahead of us and those who come later on, and we will join you, if Allah wills."' (Using translation from Nasāʾī 2037)

أَلَا أُحَدِّثُكُمْ عَنِّي وَعَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قُلْنَا بَلَى قَالَتْ لَمَّا كَانَ لَيْلَتِي انْقَلَبَ ﷺ فَوَضَعَ نَعْلَيْهِ عَنْ رِجْلَيْهِ وَوَضَعَ رِدَاءَهُ وَبَسَطَ طَرَفَ إِزَارِهِ عَلَى فِرَاشِهِ فَلَمْ يَلْبَثْ إِلَّا رَيْثَمَا ظَنَّ أَنِّي قَدْ رَقَدْتُ ثُمَّ انْتَعَلَ رُوَيْدًا وَأَخَذَ رِدَاءَهُ رُوَيْدًا ثُمَّ فَتْحَ الْبَابَ فَخَرَجَ وَأَجَافَهُ رُوَيْدًا فَجَعَلْتُ دِرْعِي فِي رَأْسِي ثُمَّ تَقَنَّعْتُ بِإِزَارِي فَانْطَلَقْتُ فِي إِثْرِهِ حَتَّى أَتَى الْبَقِيعَ فَرَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ فَأَطَالَ الْقِيَامَ ثُمَّ انْحَرَفَ فَانْحَرَفْتُ فَأَسْرَعَ فَأَسْرَعْتُ فَهَرْوَلَ فَهَرْوَلْتُ فَأَحْضَرَ فَأَحْضَرْتُ فَسَبَقْتُهُ فَدَخَلْتُ فَلَيْسَ إِلَّا أَنِ اضْطَجَعْتَ دَخَلَ فَقَالَ «مَا لَكِ يَا عَائِشَةُ؟ » قُلْتُ لَا شَيْءَ قَالَ «لَتُخْبِرِنِّي أَوْ لَيُخْبِرَنِّي اللَّطِيفُ الْخَبِيرُ» قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ الْخَبَرَ قَالَ «أَنْتِ السَّوَادُ الَّذِي رَأَيْتُ أَمَامِي؟ » قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَتْ فَلَهَزَ فِي صَدْرِي لَهْزَةً أَوْجَعَتْنِي ثُمَّ قَالَ «أَظَنَنْتِ أَنْ يَحِيفَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكِ وَرَسُولُهُ» قَالَتْ فَقُلْتُ مَهْمَا يَكْتُمِ النَّاسُ فَقَدْ عَلِمَهُ اللَّهُ قَالَ «فَإِنَّ جِبْرِيلَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ أَتَانِي حِينَ رَأَيْتِ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ يَدْخُلُ عَلَيْكِ وَقَدْ وَضَعْتِ ثِيَابَكِ فَنَادَانِي فَأَخْفَى مِنْكِ فَأَجَبْتُهُ فَأَخْفَيْتُهُ مِنْكِ وَظَنَنْتُ أَنَّكِ قَدْ رَقَدْتِ وَكَرِهْتُ أَنْ أُوقِظَكِ وَخَشِيتُ أَنْ تَسْتَوْحِشِيَ فَأَمَرَنِي أَنْ آتِيَ أَهْلَ الْبَقِيعِ فَأَسْتَغْفِرَ لَهُمْ» قُلْتُ كَيْفَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ؟ قَالَ قُولِي السَّلَامُ عَلَى أَهْلِ الدِّيَارِ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَيَرْحَمُ اللَّهُ الْمُسْتَقْدِمِينَ مِنَّا وَالْمُسْتَأْخِرِينَ وَإِنَّا إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ بِكُمْ لَاحِقُونَ «

قَالَ لِى رَسُولُ اللَّه ﷺ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ: يَا عُمَرُ! فَقُلْتُ: لَبيْكَ وَسَعْدَيْكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّه، فَظَنَنْتُ أَنَّهُ يَبْعَثُنِى فِى حَاجَةٍ، قال: يا عُمَرُ أَيَكُونُ فِى أُمَّتى فِى آخِرِ الزَّمَانِ رَجُلٌ يُقَالُ لَهُ *أُوَيْسٌ **الْقَرْنِى *يُصِيبُهُ بَلَاءٌ فِى جَسَدِهِ، فَيَدْعُو اللَّه فَيَذْهَبُ بِهِ إِلَّا لُمْعَةً فِى جَنْبِهِ إِذَا رَآهَا ذَكَرَ اللَّه ﷻ فَإِذَا لَقِيتَهُ فَأَقْرِئهُ مِنِّى السَّلَامَ وَأمُرْهُ أَنْ يَدْعُوَ لَكَ؛ فَإِنَّهُ كَرِيمٌ عَلَى رَبِّهِ،

بَارٌّ بِوَالِدَتِهِ، لَوْ يُقْسِمُ عَلَى اللَّه لأَبَرَّهُ، يَشْفَعُ لِمثْلِ رَبِيعَةَ وَمُضَرَ، فَطَلَبْتُهُ حَيَاة رسُولِ اللَّه ﷺ ، فَلَمْ أَقْدِرْ عَلَيْهِ، وَطَلَبْتُهُ خِلَافَةَ أَبِى بَكْرٍ فَلَمْ أَقْدِرْ عَلَيْه، وَطَلَبْتُهُ شَطْرًا مِنْ إِمَارَتِى، فَبَيْنَا أَنَا أستَقرِئُ الرِّقَاقَ وَأَقُولُ: فِيكُمْ أَحَدٌ مِنْ مُرَاد؟ فِيكُمْ أَحَدٌ مِن قَرنٍ؟ ، فِيكُمْ *أُوَيْسٌ **الْقَرْنِىُّ؟ *فَقَالَ شَيْخٌ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ هُوَ ابْنُ أَخِى، إِنَّكَ تَسْأَلُ عَن رَجُلٍ وضيعِ الشَّأن: لَيْسَ مِثْلُكَ يَسْأَلُ عَنْهُ يا أَمِيرَ المؤمنين! قُلت: أَرَاكَ فِيه مِنَ الْهَالكِينَ، فَرَدَّ الكَلَام الأوَّلَ، فَبَيْنَا أَنَا كَذلِكَ إِذْ رُفِعَتْ لِى رَاحِلَةٌ رَثَّةُ الْحَالِ عَلَيْها رَجُلٌ رَثُّ الْحَالِ فَوَقَعَ فِى خَلَدِى أَنَّهُ *أُوَيْسٌ، *قَلْتُ: يَا عَبْدَ اللَّه! أَنْتَ *أُوَيْسٌ **القَرْنِىُّ؟ *قال: نَعَمْ، قُلْتُ: فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّه ﷺ يَقْرَأ عَلَيْكَ السَّلَامَ، فَقَال: عَلَى رسُولِ اللَّه ﷺ السَّلَامُ، وَعَلَيكَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمؤْمِنِينَ! قَلْتُ: وَيَأمُرُكَ أَن تَدْعُو لِى، فَكُنْتُ أَلقَاهُ فِى كُلِّ عَامٍ فَأُخْبِرُهُ بِذَاتِ نَفْسِى، وَيُخبِرُنى بِذَاتِ نَفْسِهِ".

Yahya related to me from Malik that he had heard that al-Qasim ibn Muhammad was asked about a man who bought goods for 10 dinars cash or fifteen dinars on credit. He disapproved of that and forbade it. Malik said that if a man bought goods from a man for either 10 dinars or 15 dinars on credit, that one of the two prices was obliged on the buyer. It was not to be done because if he postponed paying the ten, it would be 15 on credit, and if he paid the ten, he would buy with it what was worth fifteen dinars on credit. Malik said that it was disapproved of for a man to buy goods from someone for either a dinar cash or for a described sheep on credit and that one of the two prices was obliged on him. It was not to be done because the Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade two sales in one sale. This was part of two sales in the one sale. Malik spoke about a man saying to another, "'I will either buy these fifteen sa of ajwa dates from you, or these ten sa of sayhani dates or I will buy these fifteen sa of inferior wheat or these ten sa of Syrian wheat for a dinar, and one of them is obliged to me.' Malik said that it was disapproved of and was not halal. That was because he obliged him ten sa of sayhani, and left them and took fifteen sa of ajwa, or he was obliged fifteen sa of inferior wheat and left them and took ten sa of Syrian wheat. This was also disapproved of, and was not halal. It resembled what was prohibited in the way of two sales in one sale. It was also included under the prohibition against buying two for one of the same sort of food."

عَنْ رَجُلٍ اشْتَرَى سِلْعَةً بِعَشَرَةِ دَنَانِيرَ نَقْدًا أَوْ بِخَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ دِينَارًا إِلَى أَجَلٍ فَكَرِهَ ذَلِكَ وَنَهَى عَنْهُ قَالَ مَالِكٌ فِي رَجُلٍ ابْتَاعَ سِلْعَةً مِنْ رَجُلٍ بِعَشَرَةِ دَنَانِيرَ نَقْدًا أَوْ بِخَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ دِينَارًا إِلَى أَجَلٍ قَدْ وَجَبَتْ لِلْمُشْتَرِي بِأَحَدِ الثَّمَنَيْنِ إِنَّهُ لاَ يَنْبَغِي ذَلِكَ لأَنَّهُ إِنْ أَخَّرَ الْعَشَرَةَ كَانَتْ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ إِلَى أَجَلٍ وَإِنْ نَقَدَ الْعَشَرَةَ كَانَ إِنَّمَا اشْتَرَى بِهَا الْخَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ الَّتِي إِلَى أَجَلٍ قَالَ مَالِكٌ فِي رَجُلٍ اشْتَرَى مِنْ رَجُلٍ سِلْعَةً بِدِينَارٍ نَقْدًا أَوْ بِشَاةٍ مَوْصُوفَةٍ إِلَى أَجَلٍ قَدْ وَجَبَ عَلَيْهِ بِأَحَدِ الثَّمَنَيْنِ إِنَّ ذَلِكَ مَكْرُوهٌ لاَ يَنْبَغِي لأَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَدْ نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعَتَيْنِ فِي بَيْعَةٍ وَهَذَا مِنْ بَيْعَتَيْنِ فِي بَيْعَةٍ قَالَ مَالِكٌ فِي رَجُلٍ قَالَ لِرَجُلٍ أَشْتَرِي مِنْكَ هَذِهِ الْعَجْوَةَ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ صَاعًا أَوِ الصَّيْحَانِيَّ عَشَرَةَ أَصْوُعٍ أَوِ الْحِنْطَةَ الْمَحْمُولَةَ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ صَاعًا أَوِ الشَّامِيَّةَ عَشَرَةَ أَصْوُعٍ بِدِينَارٍ قَدْ وَجَبَتْ لِي إِحْدَاهُمَا إِنَّ ذَلِكَ مَكْرُوهٌ لاَ يَحِلُّ وَذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ قَدْ أَوْجَبَ لَهُ عَشَرَةَ أَصْوُعٍ صَيْحَانِيًّا فَهُوَ يَدَعُهَا وَيَأْخُذُ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ صَاعًا مِنَ الْعَجْوَةِ أَوْ تَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ صَاعًا مِنَ الْحِنْطَةِ الْمَحْمُولَةِ فَيَدَعُهَا وَيَأْخُذُ عَشَرَةَ أَصْوُعٍ مِنَ الشَّامِيَّةِ فَهَذَا أَيْضًا مَكْرُوهٌ لاَ يَحِلُّ وَهُوَ أَيْضًا يُشْبِهُ مَا نُهِيَ عَنْهُ مِنْ بَيْعَتَيْنِ فِي بَيْعَةٍ وَهُوَ أَيْضًا مِمَّا نُهِيَ عَنْهُ أَنْ يُبَاعَ مِنْ صِنْفٍ وَاحِدٍ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ اثْنَانِ بِوَاحِدٍ

[Machine] "We went out with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and when we reached outside the city, we saw a rider approaching us. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'It seems that this rider wants to meet you.' The man came to us, greeted us, and we returned his greeting. The Prophet ﷺ asked him, 'Where are you coming from?' He replied, 'From my family, children, and tribe.' The Prophet ﷺ asked, 'Where are you going?' He said, 'I intend to meet the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.' The Prophet ﷺ said, 'You have indeed met him.' The man asked, 'O Messenger of Allah, teach me about faith.' The Prophet ﷺ said, 'Faith is to testify that there is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, to establish the prayer, pay the Zakat, fast during Ramadan, and perform Hajj.' The man said, 'I have accepted.' Then, his camel entered a net of rats, causing the camel and the man to fall and he died. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'Hold me responsible for this man.' 'Ammaar ibn Yaasir and Hudhayfah helped place him in a sitting position. They said to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, 'He has already passed away.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ turned away from them and said, 'Didn't you see me turning away from him? I saw two angels pressing fruits of Paradise for him, so I knew that he died while hungry.' Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'By Allah, he is from those mentioned by Allah in the verse: 'Those who believed and did not mix their faith with injustice, for them is security, and they are rightly guided.' (Surah Al-Anaam, 6:82)' He added, 'Bury your brother. We carried him to water, washed him, shrouded him, and took him to his grave.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ came and sat at the edge of the grave and said, 'Stay strong and do not tear your garments, for we will go through this grief and others will suffer it.'"

خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَلَمَّا بَرَزْنَا مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ إِذَا رَاكِبٌ يُوضِعُ نَحْوَنَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ كَأَنَّ هَذَا الرَّاكِبَ إِيَّاكُمْ يُرِيدُ قَالَ فَانْتَهَى الرَّجُلُ إِلَيْنَا فَسَلَّمَ فَرَدَدْنَا عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مِنْ أَيْنَ أَقْبَلْتَ؟ قَالَ مِنْ أَهْلِي وَوَلَدِي وَعَشِيرَتِي قَالَ فَأَيْنَ تُرِيدُ؟ قَالَ أُرِيدُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ فَقَدْ أَصَبْتَهُ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ عَلِّمْنِي مَا الْإِيمَانُ؟قَالَ تَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ وَتُقِيمُ الصَّلَاةَ وَتُؤْتِي الزَّكَاةَ وَتَصُومُ رَمَضَانَ وَتَحُجُّ الْبَيْتَ قَالَ قَدْ أَقْرَرْتُ قَالَ ثُمَّ إِنَّ بَعِيرَهُ دَخَلَتْ يَدُهُ فِي شَبَكَةِ جُرْذَانٍ فَهَوَى بَعِيرُهُ وَهَوَى الرَّجُلُ فَوَقَعَ عَلَى هَامَتِهِ فَمَاتَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَيَّ بِالرَّجُلِ قَالَ فَوَثَبَ إِلَيْهِ عَمَّارُ بْنُ يَاسِرٍ وَحُذَيْفَةُ فَأَقْعَدَاهُ فَقَالَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قُبِضَ الرَّجُلُ قَالَ فَأَعْرَضَ عَنْهُمَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُمَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَمَا رَأَيْتُمَا إِعْرَاضِي عَنِ الرَّجُلِ فَإِنِّي رَأَيْتُ مَلَكَيْنِ يَدُسَّانِ فِي فِيهِ مِنْ ثِمَارِ الْجَنَّةِ فَعَلِمْتُ أَنَّهُ مَاتَ جَائِعًا ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ هَذَا وَاللهِ مِنَ الَّذِينَ قَالَ اللهُ ﷻ {الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَلَمْ يَلْبِسُوا إِيمَانَهُمْ بِظُلْمٍ أُولَئِكَ لَهُمُ الْأَمْنُ وَهُمْ مُهْتَدُونَ} [الأنعام 82] قَالَ ثُمَّ قَالَ دُونَكُمْ أَخَاكُمْ قَالَ فَاحْتَمَلْنَاهُ إِلَى الْمَاءِ فَغَسَّلْنَاهُ وَحَنَّطْنَاهُ وَكَفَّنَّاهُ وَحَمَلْنَاهُ إِلَى الْقَبْرِ قَالَ فَجَاءَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ حَتَّى جَلَسَ عَلَى شَفِيرِ الْقَبْرِ قَالَ فَقَالَ أَلْحِدُوا وَلَا تَشُقُّوا فَإِنَّ اللَّحْدَ لَنَا وَالشَّقَّ لِغَيْرِنَا

[Machine] I was sitting with the Prophet ﷺ when a woman came to him and said, "I have given charity on behalf of my mother with a slave girl, but she has passed away." He said, "You have earned your reward, and the inheritance has been returned to you." She said, "O Messenger of Allah, my mother had a month of fasting remaining, should I fast on her behalf?" He said, "Fast for her." She said, "O Messenger of Allah, my mother did not perform Hajj, should I perform Hajj on her behalf?" He said, "Perform Hajj on her behalf."

كُنْتُ جَالِسًا عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ إِذْ أَتَتْهُ امْرَأَةٌ فَقَالَتْ إِنِّي تَصَدَّقْتُ عَلَى أُمِّي بِجَارِيَةٍ وَإِنَّهَا مَاتَتْ قَالَ وَجَبَ أَجْرُكِ وَرَدَّهَا عَلَيْكِ الْمِيرَاثُ قَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّهُ كَانَ عَلَيْهَا صَوْمُ شَهْرٍ أَفَأَصُومُ عَنْهَا؟ قَالَ صُوْمِي عَنْهَا قَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّهَا لَمْ تَحُجَّ أَفَأَحُجُّ عَنْهَا؟ قَالَ حُجِّي عَنْهَا

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent his companions and they captured the Bani Al-Anbar tribe, who had embraced Islam, while they were still new to it. One of them, Zuby, rode on a female camel named Zabib and advanced towards the people. He said, "O Messenger of Allah, I swear by my father and mother, your companions have taken captive the Bani Al-Anbar tribe, who had embraced Islam." The Prophet ﷺ asked him, "Do you have any evidence, O Zuby?" He replied, "Yes." Then Samurah ibn Amr testified, and Zuby took an oath. The Prophet ﷺ said, "Return everything to the Bani Al-Anbar tribe." They returned everything to them, except for the saddle of my mother. Saad said, "And the saddle was from Al-Qatif." Zuby then came to the Prophet ﷺ and said, "O Messenger of Allah, I swear by my father and mother, everything has been returned to the Bani Al-Anbar tribe, except for the saddle of my mother." The Prophet ﷺ asked him, "Do you know who took it?" He replied, "Yes." The Prophet ﷺ said, "When the people gather for prayer, sit by the gate of the mosque. When you see your companion, keep a hold of him until he finishes the prayer, and then you will be treated justly between you and him." Zuby followed the Prophet's advice. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ finished the prayer, he approached him and said, "O Zuby, O my brother from the Bani Al-Anbar tribe, what do you want with your captive?" Zuby burst into tears and stepped away from the man. The man said, "Good. We want Allah and His Messenger." The Prophet ﷺ then asked the man, "Do you have the saddle of Zuby's mother?" He replied, "O Messenger of Allah, I lost it from my hand." The Prophet ﷺ said to him, "Take off your sword and give it to him, and add to it a camel loaded with food." He did as he was told. The Prophet ﷺ then approached Zuby and wiped his hand on his head, until his hand reached down to his neck. Zuby said, "I could feel the coolness of the Prophet's hand on my neck." Then the Prophet ﷺ said, "O Allah, grant him forgiveness and well-being." Zuby then went away with the sword and sold it for two female camels from the charity of the Prophet ﷺ . These two camels gave birth to a hundred and fifty offspring in Zuby's ownership.

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ بَعَثَ صَحَابَتَهُ فَأَخَذُوا سَبْيَ بَنِي الْعَنْبَرِ وَهُمْ مُخَضْرَمُونَ وَقَدْ أَسْلَمُوا فَرَكِبَ زُبَيْبٌ نَاقَةً لَهُ ثُمَّ اسْتَقْدَمَ الْقَوْمَ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي إِنَّ صَحَابَتَكَ أَخَذُوا سَبْيَ بَنِي الْعَنْبَرِ وَهُمْ مُخَضْرَمُونَ وَقَدْ أَسْلَمُوا قَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «أَلَكَ بَيِّنَةٌ يَا زُبَيْبُ؟» قَالَ نَعَمْ فَشَهِدَ سَمُرَةُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو وَحَلَفَ زُبَيْبٌ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «رُدُّوا عَلَى بَنِي الْعَنْبَرِ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ لَهُمْ» فَرَدَّ عَلَيْهِمْ غَيْرَ زِرْبِيَّةِ أُمِّي قَالَ سَعْدٌ وَالزِّرْبِيَّةُ الْقَطِيفَةُ فَأَتَى زُبَيْبٌ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي قَدْ رُدَّ عَلَى بَنِي الْعَنْبَرِ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ لَهُمْ غَيْرَ زِرْبِيَّةِ أُمِّي فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «تَعْرِفُ مَنْ أَخَذَهَا؟» قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ «فَإِذَا حَضَرَ النَّاسُ الصَّلَاةَ فَاجْلِسْ عَلَى بَابِ الْمَسْجِدِ فَإِذَا بَصُرْتَ بِصَاحِبِكَ فَالْزَمْهُ حَتَّى يَنْصَرِفَ مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ فَتُنَصَّفُ بَيْنَكَ وَبَيْنَهُ» فَفَعَلَ فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ «يَا زُبَيْبُ يَا أَخِي بَنِي الْعَنْبَرِ مَا تُرِيدُ بِأَسِيرِكَ؟» وأَجْهَشَ زُبَيْبٌ بَاكِيًا وَخُلِّيَ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ فَقَالَ خَيْرًا نُرِيدُ اللهَ وَرَسُولَهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لِلرَّجُلِ «أَمَعَكَ زِرْبِيَّةُ أُمِّ زُبَيْبٍ؟» قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ خَرَجَتْ مِنْ يَدِي فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «اخْلَعْ لَهُ سَيْفَكَ وَزِدْهُ آصُعًا مِنْ طَعَامٍ» فَفَعَلَ وَدَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مِنْ زُبَيْبٍ فَمَسَحَ يَدَهُ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ حَتَّى أَجْرَاهَا عَلَى صِرَّتِهِ قَالَ زُبَيْبٌ حَتَّى وَجَدْتُ بَرْدَ كَفِّ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ عَلَى صِرَّتِي ثُمَّ قَالَ «اللهُمَّ ارْزُقْهُ الْعَفْوَ وَالْعَافِيَةَ» ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ زُبَيْبٌ بِالسَّيْفِ فَبَاعَهُ بِبَكَرَتَيْنِ مِنْ صَدَقَةِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَتَوَالَدَتَا عِنْدَ زُبَيْبٍ حَتَّى بَلَغَتَا مِائَةً وَنِيِّفًا

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ sent a group to a suburb of Mudhar and they mentioned that they camped on a rocky land. When they woke up, they saw a man in a tent in his courtyard with his flock of sheep. They approached him and asked if they could take some of his sheep. He agreed, so they slaughtered one and cooked it. Then they brought it to him, but he became angry and said that there was no lamb left in his flock except a sickly or infertile one. So they took a sheep from it. They appeared and were scorched while they were in a scorching hot day without shade. They said that their spoils were in his tent and claimed that they had more right to shade than his sheep. They approached him and asked him to move his flock so they could seek shade. He replied that if they took his sheep out, they would die and their offspring would be lost. He said that he was a man who believed in Allah and His Messenger and that he prayed and purified himself. So they took his sheep out, and it was not more than an hour before they fought over it and its offspring were scattered. The man quickly arrived to inform the Prophet ﷺ about what happened. The Prophet ﷺ became extremely angry and said, "Sit until the people return." When they came back, the Prophet ﷺ summoned them one by one and they all denied the man's accusation, saying he was lying. The accusation was kept secret from the Prophet ﷺ . When the Bedouin saw this, he said, "By Allah, surely Allah knows that I am truthful and they are lying. Perhaps Allah will inform you, O Messenger of Allah." Then the Prophet ﷺ was sure that the man was telling the truth and he called them one by one asking each man individually. None of them said anything different from what the Bedouin man had said. Then the Prophet ﷺ stood up and said, "What is pushing you to persist in lying to one another, just as the fire fuels the flames? Lying is written upon the son of Adam except in three cases: a man who lies to please his wife, a man who lies during war as a strategy, and a man who lies to reconcile between two Muslim women."

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ بَعَثَ بَعْثًا إِلَى ضَاحِيَةِ مُضَرٍ فَذَكَرُوا أَنَّهُمْ نَزَلُوا فِي أَرْضِ صَخْرٍ فَأَصْبَحُوا فَإِذَا هُمْ بِرَجُلٍ فِي قُبَّةٍ لَهُ بِفِنَائِهِ غَنْمٌ فَجَاءُوا حَتَّى وَقَفُوا عَلَيْهِ فَقَالُوا احْرِزْنَا فَأَحَرَزَهُمْ شَاةً فَطَبَخُوا مِنْهَا ثُمَّ أَخْرَجَ إِلَيْهِمْ فَسَخَطُوهَا ثُمَّ قَالَ مَا بَقِيَ فِي غَنَمِي مِنْ شَاةِ لَحْمٍ إِلَّا شَاةٌ مَاخِضٌ أَوْ فَحَلٌّ فَسَعَطُوا فَأَخَذُوا مِنْهَا شَاةً فَلَمَّا أَظْهَرُوا واحْتَرَقُوا وَهُمْ فِي يَوْمٍ صَائِفٍ لَا ظِلَّ مَعَهُمْ قَالُوا غُنَيْمَتَهُ فِي مَظَلَّتِهِ فَقَالُوا نَحْنُ أَحَقُّ بِالظِّلِّ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْغَنَمِ فَجَاءُوهُ فَقَالُوا أخْرِجْ عَنَّا غَنَمَكَ نَسْتَظِلُّ فَقَالَ إِنَّكُمْ مَتَى تُخْرِجُوهَا تَهْلِكُ فَتَطْرَحُ أَوْلَادَهَا وَإِنِّي رَجُلٌ قَدْ آمَنْتُ بِاللهِ وَبِرَسُولِهِ وَقَدْ صَلَّيْتُ وَزَكَّيْتُ فَأَخْرَجُوا غَنَمَهُ فَلَمْ يَلْبَثْ إِلَّا سَاعَةً مِنْ نَهَارٍ حَتَّى تَنَاعَرَتْ فَطَرَحَتْ أَوْلَادَهَا فَانْطَلَقَ سَرِيعًا حَتَّى قَدِمَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَأَخْبَرَهُ الْخَبَرَ فَغَضِبَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ غَضَبًا شَدِيدًا ثُمَّ قَالَ «اجْلِسْ حَتَّى يَرْجِعَ الْقَوْمُ» فَلَمَّا رَجَعُوا جَمَعَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَبَيْنَهُ فَتَوَاتَرُوا عَلَيْهِ كَذِبٌ كَذِبٌ فَسُرِّيَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ الْأَعْرَابِيُّ قَالَ أَمَا وَاللهِ إِنَّ اللهَ لِيَعْلَمُ أَنِّي لَصَادِقٌ وَإِنَّهُمْ لَكَاذِبُونَ وَلَعَلَّ اللهَ يُخْبِرُكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فَوَقَعَ فِي نَفْسِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ صَادِقٌ فَدَعَاهُمْ رَجُلًا رَجُلًا يُنَاشِدُ كُلَّ رَجُلٍ مِنْهُمْ يُنْشِدُهُ فَلَمْ يَنْشُدْ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ إِلَّا كَمَا قَالَ الْأَعْرَابِيُّ فَقَامَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَقَالَ مَا يَحْمِلُكُمْ عَلَى أَنْ تَتَابَعُوا فِي الْكَذِبِ كَمَا يَتَتَابَعُ الْفَرَاشُ فِي النَّارِ الْكَذِبُ يَكْتُبُ عَلَى ابْنِ آدَمَ إِلَّا ثَلَاثَ خِصَالٍ رَجُلٌ يَكْذِبُ امْرَأَتَهُ لِتَرْضَى عَنْهُ وَرَجُلٌ يَكْذِبُ فِي خُدْعَةِ حَرْبٍ وَرَجُلٌ يَكْذِبُ بَيْنَ امْرَأَيْنِ مُسْلِمَيْنِ لِيُصْلِحَ بَيْنَهُمَا

[Machine] "He sat with a group of the Prophet's companions ﷺ and one of them said, 'I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, "Whoever repents to Allah before his death with a year of repentance, Allah will accept it from him."' Another one said to him, 'Did you hear it from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ?' He replied, 'Yes, I heard it.' The other one said, 'I also heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, "Whoever repents to Allah, the Exalted and Majestic, before his death with a month of repentance, Allah will accept it from him."' He replied, 'Yes, I heard it.' The other one said, 'I also heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, "Whoever repents to Allah, the Exalted and Majestic, before his death with a day of repentance, Allah will accept it from him."' He replied, 'Yes, I heard it.' The other one said, 'I also heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, "Whoever repents to Allah, the Exalted and Majestic, before his death with an hour of repentance, Allah will accept it from him."' He replied, 'Yes, I heard it.' The other one said, 'I also heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, "Whoever repents to Allah before the rattling sound in his throat [before dying], Allah will accept it from him."' Sufyan ibn Sa'id, even though he is more reliable than Ad-Darimi and Hisham ibn Sa'd, did not mention hearing this hadith from Ibn Baylamani, nor did Zaid ibn Aslam. They only mentioned their permission and correspondence. Therefore, the saying about this hadith is that it is narrated by someone from the companions of the Prophet ﷺ , and Abdullah ibn Naafi' Al-Madani, who recovered, found clarification in his narration that It was Hisham ibn Sa'd who said that the companion was Abdullah ibn 'Amr ibn Al-'As. and with that, the matter remains silent according to Adh-Dhahabi in his summary."

أَنَّهُ جَلَسَ إِلَى نَفَرٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ أَحَدُهُمْ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «مَنْ تَابَ إِلَى اللَّهِ قَبْلَ مَوْتِهِ بِسَنَةٍ تَابَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ» فَقَالَ لَهُ آخَرُ أَنْتَ سَمِعْتَهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ وَأَنَا قَدْ سَمِعْتُهُ قَالَ آخَرُ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «مَنْ تَابَ إِلَى اللَّهِ ﷻ قَبْلَ مَوْتِهِ بِشَهْرٍ تَابَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ» قَالَ آخَرُ أَنْتَ سَمِعْتَهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ وَأَنَا قَدْ سَمِعْتُهُ قَالَ آخَرُ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «مَنْ تَابَ إِلَى اللَّهِ ﷻ قَبْلَ مَوْتِهِ بِيَوْمٍ تَابَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ» قَالَ آخَرُ أَنْتَ سَمِعْتَهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ وَأَنَا قَدْ سَمِعْتُهُ قَالَ آخَرُ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «مَنْ تَابَ إِلَى اللَّهِ ﷻ قَبْلَ مَوْتِهِ بِسَاعَةٍ تَابَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ» فَقَالَ آخَرُ أَنْتَ سَمِعْتَهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ وَأَنَا قَدْ سَمِعْتُهُ فَقَالَ آخَرُ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «مَنْ تَابَ إِلَى اللَّهُ قَبْلَ الْغَرْغَرَةِ تَابَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ» سُفْيَانُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ وَإِنْ كَانَ أَحْفَظَ مِنَ الدَّرَاوَرْدِيِّ وَهِشَامِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ فَإِنَّهُ لَمْ يَذْكُرْ سَمَاعَهُ فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ مِنِ ابْنِ الْبَيْلَمَانِيِّ وَلَا زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ إِنَّمَا ذَكَرَ إِجَازَةً وَمُكَاتَبَةً فَالْقَوْلُ فِيهِ قَوْلُ مَنْ قَالَ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ عَنِ ابْنِ الْبَيْلَمَانِيِّ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَقَدْ شَفَى عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ نَافِعٍ الْمَدَنِيُّ فَبَيَّنَ فِي رِوَايَتِهِ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ أَنَّ الصَّحَابِيَّ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ وَبِصِحَّةِ ذَلِكَ سكت عنه الذهبي في التلخيص

"When the Prophet ﷺ commanded them to dig the trench (Al-Khandaq), there was a rock in their way preventing them from digging. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ stood, picked up a pickaxe, put his Rida' (upper garment) at the edge of the ditch and said: 'And the Word of your Lord has been fulfilled in truth and in justice. None can change His Words. And He is the All-Hearer, the All-Knower.' [1] One-third of the rock broke off while Salman Al-Farisi was standing there watching, and there was a flash of light when the Messenger of Allah ﷺstruck (the rock). Then he struck it again and said: 'And the Word of your Lord has been fulfilled in truth and in justice. Nonce can change His Words. Ans He is the All-Hearer, the All-Knower' And another third of the rock broke off and there was another flash of light, which Salman saw. Then he struck (the rock) a third time and said: 'And the Word of your Lord has been fulfilled in truth and in justice. None can change His Words. And He is the All-Hearer, the All-Knower.' The last third fell, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came out, picked up his Rida' and sat down. Salman said: 'O Messenger of Allah, Each time you struck the rock there was a flash of light.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to him: 'O Salman, did you see that?' He said: 'Yes, by the One Who sent you with the truth, O Messenger of Allah.' He said: 'When I struck the first blow, the cities of Kisra and their environs were shown to me, and many other cities, and I saw them with my own eyes.' Those of his Companions who were present said: 'O Messenger of Allah, pray to Allah to grant us victory and to give us their land as spoils of war, and to destroy their lands at our hands.' So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prayed for that. (Then he said:) 'Then I struck the second blow and the cities of Caesar and their environs were shown to me, and I saw them with my own eyes.' They said: 'O Messenger of Allah, pray to Allah to grant us victory and to give us their lands as spoils of war, and to destroy their lands at our hands.' So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prayed for that. (Then he said:) 'Then I struck the third blow and the cities of Ethiopia were shown to me, and the villages around them, and I saw them with my own eyes.' But the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said at that point: 'Leave the Ethiopians alone so long as they leave you alone, and leave the Turks alone so long as they leave you alone.'" [1] An-An'am 6:115. (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3176)

عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ لَمَّا أَمَرَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِحَفْرِ الْخَنْدَقِ عَرَضَتْ لَهُمْ صَخْرَةٌ حَالَتْ بَيْنَهُمْ وَبَيْنَ الْحَفْرِ فَقَامَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَأَخَذَ الْمِعْوَلَ وَوَضَعَ رِدَاءَهُ نَاحِيَةَ الْخَنْدَقِ وَضَرَبَ وَقَالَ {وَتَمَّتْ كَلِمَةُ رَبِّكَ صِدْقًا وَعَدْلًا لَا مُبَدِّلَ لِكَلِمَاتِهِ وَهُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ} فَنَدَرَ ثُلُثُ الْحَجَرِ وَسَلْمَانُ الْفَارِسِيُّ قَائِمٌ يَنْظُرُ فَبَرَقَ مَعَ ضَرْبَةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ بَرْقَةٌ ثُمَّ ضَرَبَ الثَّانِيَةَ وَقَالَ {وَتَمَّتْ كَلِمَةُ رَبِّكَ صِدْقًا وَعَدْلًا لَا مُبَدِّلَ لِكَلِمَاتِهِ وَهُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ} فَنَدَرَ الثُّلُثُ الْآخَرُ فَبَرَقَتْ بَرْقَةٌ يَرَاهَا سَلْمَانُ ثُمَّ ضَرَبَ الثَّالِثَةَ وَقَالَ {وَتَمَّتْ كَلِمَةُ رَبِّكَ صِدْقًا وَعَدْلًا لَا مُبَدِّلَ لِكَلِمَاتِهِ وَهُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ} فَنَدَرَ الثُّلُثُ الْبَاقِي وَبَرَقَ بَرْقَةٌ وَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَخَذَ رِدَاءَهُ وَجَلَسَ قَالَ سَلْمَانُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ رَأَيْتُكَ حِينَ ضَرَبْتَ لَا تَضْرِبُ ضَرْبَةً إِلَّا كَانَتْ مَعَهَا بَرْقَةٌ قَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «يَا سَلْمَانُ رَأَيْتَ ذَلِكَ؟» قَالَ إِي وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قَالَ فَإِنِّي حِينَ ضَرَبْتُ الضَّرْبَةَ الْأُولَى رُفِعَتْ لِي مَدَائِنُ كِسْرَى وَمَا حَوْلَهَا وَمَدَائِنُ كَثِيرَةٌ حَتَّى رَأَيْتُهَا بِعَيْنَيَّ فَقَالَ لَهُ مَنْ حَضَرَهُ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ادْعُ اللهَ أَنْ يَفْتَحَهَا عَلَيْنَا وَيُغَنِّمَنَا ذَرَارِيَّهُمْ وَيُخَرِّبَ بِأَيْدِينَا بِلَادَهُمْ قَالَ فَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِذَلِكَ قَالَ ثُمَّ ضَرَبْتُ الضَّرْبَةَ الثَّانِيَةَ فَرُفِعَتْ لِي مَدَائِنُ قَيْصَرَ وَمَا حَوْلَهَا حَتَّى رَأَيْتُهَا بِعَيْنَيَّ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ادْعُ اللهَ يَفْتَحُهَا عَلَيْنَا وَيُغَنِّمَنَا ذَرَارِيَّهُمْ وَيُخَرِّبُ بِأَيْدِينَا بِلَادَهُمْ فَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ ثُمَّ ضَرَبْتُ الثَّالِثَةَ فَرُفِعَتْ لِي مَدَائِنُ الْحَبَشَةِ وَمَا حَوْلَهَا مِنَ الْقُرَى حَتَّى رَأَيْتُهَا بِعَيْنَيَّ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ «دَعُوا الْحَبَشَةَ مَا وَدَعُوكُمْ وَاتْرُكُوا التُّرْكَ مَا تَرَكُوكُمْ»

"عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ، عَنْ رَجُلٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، قَالَ: أَسْلَمتْ زَيْنَبُ بِنْتُ النَّبِىِّ ﷺ وَهَاجَرَتْ بَعْدَ النَّبِىِّ ﷺ فِى الْهِجْرَةِ الأُولَى، وَزَوْجُهَا أَبُو الْعَاصِ ابْنُ الرَّبِيع بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعُزَّى بِمَكَّةَ مُشْرِكٌ، ثُمَّ شَهِدَ أَبُو الْعَاصِ بَدْرًا مُشْرِكًا، فَأُسِرَ، فَفُدِىَ وَكَانَ مُوسِرًا، ثُمَّ شَهِدَ أُحُدًا أَيْضًا مُشْرِكًا، فَرَجَعَ عَنْ أُحُدٍ إِلَى مَكَّةَ، ثُمَّ مكث بِمَكَّةَ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ -تَعَالَى- ثُمَّ خَرَجَ إِلَى الشَّامِ تَاجِرًا فَأَسَرَهُ بِطَرِيقِ الشَّامِ نَفَرٌ مَنِ الأَنْصَارِ، فَدَخَلَتْ زَيْنَبُ عَلَى النَّبِىِّ ﷺ فَقَالَتْ: إِنَّ الْمُسْلِمِينَ يُجِيرُ عَلَيْهِمْ أَدْنَاهُمْ، قَالَ: وَمَا ذَاكَ يَا زَيْنَبُ؟ قَالَتْ: أَجَرْتُ أَبَا الْعَاصِ، قَالَ: فَقَدْ أَجْزْتُ جِوارَكَ، ثُمَّ لَمْ يُجِزْ جوار امرأة بَعْدَهَا، ثُمَّ أَسْلَمَ، فَكَانَا عَلَى نِكَاحِهِمَا، وَكَانَ عُمَرُ خَطَبَهَا إِلَى النَّبِىِّ ﷺ بَيْنَ ظهرانى

ذَلِكَ، فَذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ النَّبِىُّ ﷺ لَهَا فَقَالَتْ: أَبُو الْعَاصِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ حَيْثُ قَدْ عَلمْتَ، وَقَدْ كَانَ نِعْمَ الصِّهرُ، فَإِنْ رَأَيْتَ أَنْ تنتظره، فَسَكَتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عْنِدَ ذَلِكَ، قَالَ: وَأَسْلَمَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ بنُ الْحَارثِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ بِالرَّوْحَاءِ مَعْقِل رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِالْفَتْحِ، فَقَدِمَ عَلَى جُمَانَةَ ابْنَةِ أَبِى طَالِبٍ مُشْرِكَةً فَأَسْلَمَتْ، فَجَلَسَا عَلَى نِكَاحِهمَا، وَأَسْلَمَ مَخْرَمَةُ ابْنُ نَوْفَل وَأَبُو سُفْيَانَ بْنُ حْربٍ، وَحَكِيمُ بْنُ حِزَامٍ بِمَرِّ الظَّهْرَانِ، ثُمَّ قَدِمُوا عَلَى نِسَائِهِمْ مُشْرِكَاتٍ فَأَسْلَمْنَ فَحُبسُوا عَلَى نِكَاحِهِمْ، وَكَانَتْ امْرَأَة مَخْرَمَة شَفَّاء ابْنَة عَوْفٍ أُخْت عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ، وَامْرَأَةُ حَكِيمٍ زَيْنَبُ بِنْتُ الْعَوَّامِ، وامْرَأَةُ أَبِى سُفْيَانَ هِنْدُ ابْنَةُ عُتْبَةَ ابْنِ رَبِيعَةَ، وَكَانَتْ عِنْدَ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ أمية مَعَ عَاتِكَه ابْنَةِ الْولِيدِ آمِنَةُ ابنة أَبِى سُفْيَانَ، فَأَسْلَمَتْ أَيْضًا مَعَ عَاتِكَةَ بَعْدَ الْفَتْحِ ثُمَّ أَسْلَمَ صْفَوانُ بَعْدُ فَأَقَامَ عَلَيْهِمَا".

"When the Prophet ﷺ commanded them to dig the trench (Al-Khandaq), there was a rock in their way preventing them from digging. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ stood, picked up a pickaxe, put his Rida' (upper garment) at the edge of the ditch and said: 'And the Word of your Lord has been fulfilled in truth and in justice. None can change His Words. And He is the All-Hearer, the All-Knower.' [1] One-third of the rock broke off while Salman Al-Farisi was standing there watching, and there was a flash of light when the Messenger of Allah ﷺstruck (the rock). Then he struck it again and said: 'And the Word of your Lord has been fulfilled in truth and in justice. Nonce can change His Words. Ans He is the All-Hearer, the All-Knower' And another third of the rock broke off and there was another flash of light, which Salman saw. Then he struck (the rock) a third time and said: 'And the Word of your Lord has been fulfilled in truth and in justice. None can change His Words. And He is the All-Hearer, the All-Knower.' The last third fell, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came out, picked up his Rida' and sat down. Salman said: 'O Messenger of Allah, Each time you struck the rock there was a flash of light.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to him: 'O Salman, did you see that?' He said: 'Yes, by the One Who sent you with the truth, O Messenger of Allah.' He said: 'When I struck the first blow, the cities of Kisra and their environs were shown to me, and many other cities, and I saw them with my own eyes.' Those of his Companions who were present said: 'O Messenger of Allah, pray to Allah to grant us victory and to give us their land as spoils of war, and to destroy their lands at our hands.' So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prayed for that. (Then he said:) 'Then I struck the second blow and the cities of Caesar and their environs were shown to me, and I saw them with my own eyes.' They said: 'O Messenger of Allah, pray to Allah to grant us victory and to give us their lands as spoils of war, and to destroy their lands at our hands.' So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prayed for that. (Then he said:) 'Then I struck the third blow and the cities of Ethiopia were shown to me, and the villages around them, and I saw them with my own eyes.' But the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said at that point: 'Leave the Ethiopians alone so long as they leave you alone, and leave the Turks alone so long as they leave you alone.'" [1] An-An'am 6:115.

عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ لَمَّا أَمَرَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِحَفْرِ الْخَنْدَقِ عَرَضَتْ لَهُمْ صَخْرَةٌ حَالَتْ بَيْنَهُمْ وَبَيْنَ الْحَفْرِ فَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَخَذَ الْمِعْوَلَ وَوَضَعَ رِدَاءَهُ نَاحِيَةَ الْخَنْدَقِ وَقَالَ { تَمَّتْ كَلِمَةُ رَبِّكَ صِدْقًا وَعَدْلاً لاَ مُبَدِّلَ لِكَلِمَاتِهِ وَهُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ } فَنَدَرَ ثُلُثُ الْحَجَرِ وَسَلْمَانُ الْفَارِسِيُّ قَائِمٌ يَنْظُرُ فَبَرَقَ مَعَ ضَرْبَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَرْقَةٌ ثُمَّ ضَرَبَ الثَّانِيَةَ وَقَالَ { تَمَّتْ كَلِمَةُ رَبِّكَ صِدْقًا وَعَدْلاً لاَ مُبَدِّلَ لِكَلِمَاتِهِ وَهُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ } فَنَدَرَ الثُّلُثُ الآخَرُ فَبَرَقَتْ بَرْقَةٌ فَرَآهَا سَلْمَانُ ثُمَّ ضَرَبَ الثَّالِثَةَ وَقَالَ { تَمَّتْ كَلِمَةُ رَبِّكَ صِدْقًا وَعَدْلاً لاَ مُبَدِّلَ لِكَلِمَاتِهِ وَهُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ } فَنَدَرَ الثُّلُثُ الْبَاقِي وَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَخَذَ رِدَاءَهُ وَجَلَسَ قَالَ سَلْمَانُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ رَأَيْتُكَ حِينَ ضَرَبْتَ مَا تَضْرِبُ ضَرْبَةً إِلاَّ كَانَتْ مَعَهَا بَرْقَةٌ قَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَا سَلْمَانُ رَأَيْتَ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ إِي وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ فَإِنِّي حِينَ ضَرَبْتُ الضَّرْبَةَ الأُولَى رُفِعَتْ لِي مَدَائِنُ كِسْرَى وَمَا حَوْلَهَا وَمَدَائِنُ كَثِيرَةٌ حَتَّى رَأَيْتُهَا بِعَيْنَىَّ قَالَ لَهُ مَنْ حَضَرَهُ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ادْعُ اللَّهَ أَنْ يَفْتَحَهَا عَلَيْنَا وَيُغَنِّمَنَا دِيَارَهُمْ وَيُخَرِّبَ بِأَيْدِينَا بِلاَدَهُمْ فَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِذَلِكَ ثُمَّ ضَرَبْتُ الضَّرْبَةَ الثَّانِيَةَ فَرُفِعَتْ لِي مَدَائِنُ قَيْصَرَ وَمَا حَوْلَهَا حَتَّى رَأَيْتُهَا بِعَيْنَىَّ قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ادْعُ اللَّهَ أَنْ يَفْتَحَهَا عَلَيْنَا وَيُغَنِّمَنَا دِيَارَهُمْ وَيُخَرِّبَ بِأَيْدِينَا بِلاَدَهُمْ فَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِذَلِكَ ثُمَّ ضَرَبْتُ الثَّالِثَةَ فَرُفِعَتْ لِي مَدَائِنُ الْحَبَشَةِ وَمَا حَوْلَهَا مِنَ الْقُرَى حَتَّى رَأَيْتُهَا بِعَيْنَىَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ دَعُوا الْحَبَشَةَ مَا وَدَعُوكُمْ وَاتْرُكُوا التُّرْكَ مَا تَرَكُوكُمْ

[Machine] He said: "The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , delivered a sermon on the day of the conquest of Mecca, standing on the steps of the House or the Kaaba." Abu Dawood said: "Hammad ibn Salamah narrated it from Ali ibn Zaid, from Ya'qub as-Saddousi, from Abdullah ibn Amr, from the Prophet, ﷺ ." Imam Ahmad, may Allah have mercy on him, said:

ﷺ بِمَعْنَاهُ قَالَ خَطَبَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ الْفَتْحِ أَوْ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ عَلَى دَرَجَةِ الْبَيْتِ أَوِ الْكَعْبَةِ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَرَوَاهُ حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ السَّدُوسِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ الْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَقَدْ

A person from Iraq said to him to inquire from 'Urwa b. Zubair for him whether a person who puts on Ihram for Hajj is allowed to put it off or not as he circumambulates the House. And if he says:" No, it can't be put off," then tell him that there is a person who makes such an assertion. He (Muhammad b. 'Abd al-Rahman) then said: I asked him ( Urwa b. Zubair), where- upon he said: The person who has entered into the state of Ihram for Hajj cannot get out of it unless he has, completed the Hajj I (further) said (to him): (What) if a person makes that assertion? Thereupon he said: It is indeed unfortunate that he makes such an assertion. That person ('Iraqi) then met me and he asked me and I narrated to him (the reply of 'Urwa), whereupon he (the Iraqi) said: Tell him ('Urwa) that a person had informed him that Messenger of Allah ﷺ had done that; and why is it that Asma' and Zubair have done like this? He (Muhammad b. 'Abd al-Rahman) said: I went to him and made a mention of that to him, whereupon he ('Urwa) said: Who is he (the 'Iraqi)? I said: I do not know, whereupon he said: What is the matter that he does not come to me himself and ask me? I suppose he is an 'Iraqi. I said: I do not know, whereupon he said: He has told a lie. Messenger of Allah ﷺ performed Hajj, and 'A'isha (Allah be pleased with her) has told me that the first thing with which he commenced (the rituals) when he arrived at Mecca was that he performed ablution and then circumambulated the Ka'ba. Then Abu Bakr performed Hajj and the first thing with which he commenced (the Hajj) as the circumambulation of the Ka'ba and nothing besides it. So did 'Umar. Then 'Uthman performed Hajj and I saw that the first thing with which he commenced the Hajj was the circumambulation of the Ka'ba and nothing besides it. Then Mu'awiya and Abdullah b. 'Umar did that. Then I performed Hajj with my father Zubair b. al-'Awwam, and the first thing with which he commenced (Hajj) was the circumambulation of the House. He then did nothing besides it. I then saw the emigrants (Muhajirin) and the helpers (Ansar) doing like this and nothing besides it. And the last one whom I saw doing like this was Ibn 'Umar. And he did not break it (the Hajj) after performing 'Umra. And Ibn 'Umar is with them. Why don't they ask him (to testify it)? And none amongst those who had passed away commenced (the rituals of Hajj) but by circumambulating the Ka'ba on their (first arrival) and they did not put off Ihram (without completing the Hajj), and I saw my mother and my aunt commencing (their Hajj) with the circumambulation of the House, and they did not put off Ihram. My mother informed me that she came and her sister, and Zubair and so and so for 'Umra, and when they had kissed the corner (the Black Stone, after Sa'i and circumambulation), they put off Ihram. And he (the 'Iraqi) has told a lie in this matter.

عَنْ رَجُلٍ يُهِلُّ بِالْحَجِّ فَإِذَا طَافَ بِالْبَيْتِ أَيَحِلُّ أَمْ لاَ فَإِنْ قَالَ لَكَ لاَ يَحِلُّ فَقُلْ لَهُ إِنَّ رَجُلاً يَقُولُ ذَلِكَ قَالَ فَسَأَلْتُهُ فَقَالَ لاَ يَحِلُّ مَنْ أَهَلَّ بِالْحَجِّ إِلاَّ بِالْحَجِّ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّ رَجُلاً كَانَ يَقُولُ ذَلِكَ قَالَ بِئْسَ مَا قَالَ فَتَصَدَّانِي الرَّجُلُ فَسَأَلَنِي فَحَدَّثْتُهُ فَقَالَ فَقُلْ لَهُ فَإِنَّ رَجُلاً كَانَ يُخْبِرُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَدْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ وَمَا شَأْنُ أَسْمَاءَ وَالزُّبَيْرِ فَعَلاَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ فَجِئْتُهُ فَذَكَرْتُ لَهُ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ مَنْ هَذَا فَقُلْتُ لاَ أَدْرِي قَالَ فَمَا بَالُهُ لاَ يَأْتِينِي بِنَفْسِهِ يَسْأَلُنِي أَظُنُّهُ عِرَاقِيًّا قُلْتُ لاَ أَدْرِي قَالَ فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ كَذَبَ قَدْ حَجَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَخْبَرَتْنِي عَائِشَةُ ؓ أَنَّ أَوَّلَ شَىْءٍ بَدَأَ بِهِ حِينَ قَدِمَ مَكَّةَ أَنَّهُ تَوَضَّأَ ثُمَّ طَافَ بِالْبَيْتِ ثُمَّ حَجَّ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَكَانَ أَوَّلَ شَىْءٍ بَدَأَ بِهِ الطَّوَافُ بِالْبَيْتِ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَكُنْ غَيْرُهُ ثُمَّ عُمَرُ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ حَجَّ عُثْمَانُ فَرَأَيْتُهُ أَوَّلُ شَىْءٍ بَدَأَ بِهِ الطَّوَافُ بِالْبَيْتِ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَكُنْ غَيْرُهُ ثُمَّ مُعَاوِيَةُ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ ثُمَّ حَجَجْتُ مَعَ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ بْنِ الْعَوَّامِ فَكَانَ أَوَّلَ شَىْءٍ بَدَأَ بِهِ الطَّوَافُ بِالْبَيْتِ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَكُنْ غَيْرُهُ ثُمَّ رَأَيْتُ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالأَنْصَارَ يَفْعَلُونَ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَكُنْ غَيْرُهُ ثُمَّ آخِرُ مَنْ رَأَيْتُ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَنْقُضْهَا بِعُمْرَةٍ وَهَذَا ابْنُ عُمَرَ عِنْدَهُمْ أَفَلاَ يَسْأَلُونَهُ وَلاَ أَحَدٌ مِمَّنْ مَضَى مَا كَانُوا يَبْدَءُونَ بِشَىْءٍ حِينَ يَضَعُونَ أَقْدَامَهُمْ أَوَّلَ مِنَ الطَّوَافِ بِالْبَيْتِ ثُمَّ لاَ يَحِلُّونَ وَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ أُمِّي وَخَالَتِي حِينَ تَقْدَمَانِ لاَ تَبْدَآنِ بِشَىْءٍ أَوَّلَ مِنَ الْبَيْتِ تَطُوفَانِ بِهِ ثُمَّ لاَ تَحِلاَّنِ وَقَدْ أَخْبَرَتْنِي أُمِّي أَنَّهَا أَقْبَلَتْ هِيَ وَأُخْتُهَا وَالزُّبَيْرُ وَفُلاَنٌ وَفُلاَنٌ بِعُمْرَةٍ قَطُّ فَلَمَّا مَسَحُوا الرُّكْنَ حَلُّوا وَقَدْ كَذَبَ فِيمَا ذَكَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ

[Machine] Abu Bakr, I do not find anything for you in the Book of Allah and I do not know that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ mentioned anything. I will ask the people in the evening. So, when he prayed the Dhuhr prayer, he stood among the people and asked them. Al-Mughirah bin Shu'bah said, "I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ giving her one-sixth." He asked, "Did anyone hear that with you?" Muhammad bin Muslimah called him and said, "I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ giving her one-sixth." Upon hearing this, Abu Bakr implemented it. Nasru bin Ali bin Nasr al-Jahdhami narrated to us, he said, "Abdul A'la (meaning Ibn Abdul A'la) told us, Ma'mar narrated to us from Az-Zuhri, from Qabeesah bin Dhu'ayb, that the grandmother of the mother came to Abu Bakr and narrated the Hadith." Muhammad bin Jabalah ar-Raafiqi informed us, he said, "Abdullah bin Sulaim informed us, he said, "Ubaydullah (meaning Ibn Amr) ar-Raqqi informed us, he said, "Ishaq (meaning Ibn Rashid) informed us from Az-Zuhri, from Qabeesah bin Dhu'ayb, that the grandmother of the mother came to Abu Bakr and narrated the Hadith." Abu Abdur Rahman az-Zuhri did not hear it from Qabeesah. Imran bin Bakkar al-Barrad narrated to us, he said, "Abu al-Yaman (meaning Al-Hakam bin Nafi') told us, Shu'aib narrated to us from Az-Zuhri, he said, "Qabeesah came and the grandmother told the Hadith." Harun bin Sa'id bin Al-Haytham al-Ayli narrated to us, he said, "Khalid bin Nazar informed us, he said, "Al-Qasim bin Mabrur narrated to us from Yunus, he said, "Ibn Shihab claimed that Qabeesah bin Dhu'ayb said that the grandmother came to Abu Bakr and narrated the Hadith." Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Yazid al-Muqri' narrated to us, he said, "Sufyan informed us, he said, I heard Az-Zuhri narrating from a man from Qabeesah bin Dhu'ayb that the grandmother came to Abu Bakr and narrated the Hadith."

أَبُو بَكْرٍ مَا أَجِدُ لَكِ فِي كِتَابِ اللهِ شَيْئًا وَمَا عَلِمْتُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ ذَكَرَ شَيْئًا وَسَأَسْأَلُ النَّاسَ الْعَشِيَّةَ فَلَمَّا صَلَّى الظُّهْرَ قَامَ فِي النَّاسِ فَسَأَلَهُمْ قَالَ الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ قَدْ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يُعْطِيهَا السُّدُسَ قَالَ هَلْ سَمِعَ ذَلِكَ مَعَكَ أَحَدٌ؟ فَنَادَاهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ فَقَالَ قَدْ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يُعْطِيهَا السُّدُسَ فَأَنْفَذَ ذَلِكَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَخْبَرَنَا نَصْرُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ نَصْرٍ الْجَهْضَمِيُّ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْأَعْلَى يَعْنِي ابْنَ عَبْدِ الْأَعْلَى قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا مَعْمَرٌ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ قَبِيصَةَ بْنِ ذُؤَيْبٍ أَنَّ جَدَّةً أَتَتْ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَسَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ [112] 6307 أَخْبَرَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَبَلَةَ الرَّافِقِيُّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ سُلَيْمٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللهِ يَعْنِي ابْنَ عَمْرٍو الرَّقِّيَّ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ يَعْنِي ابْنَ رَاشِدٍ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ قَبِيصَةَ بْنِ ذُؤَيْبٍ أَنَّ الْجَدَّةَ أُمَّ الأُمِّ أَتَتْ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَسَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ 6308 أَخْبَرَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَبَلَةَ الرَّافِقِيُّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ سُلَيْمٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللهِ يَعْنِي ابْنَ عَمْرٍو الرَّقِّيَّ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ يَعْنِي ابْنَ رَاشِدٍ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ قَبِيصَةَ بْنِ ذُؤَيْبٍ أَنَّ الْجَدَّةَ أُمَّ الْأُمِّ أَتَتْ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَسَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الزُّهْرِيُّ لَمْ يَسْمَعْهُ مِنْ قَبِيصَةَ 6309 أَخْبَرَنِي عِمْرَانُ بْنُ بَكَّارٍ الْبَرَّادُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْيَمَانِ يَعْنِي الْحَكَمَ بْنَ نَافِعٍ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا شُعَيْبٌ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ قَالَ قَالَ قَبِيصَةُ جَاءَتِ الْجَدَّةُ وَسَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ 6310 أَخْبَرَنَا هَارُونُ بْنُ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْهَيْثَمِ الْأَيْلِيُّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا خَالِدُ بْنُ نَزَارٍ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ مَبْرُورٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ زَعَمَ قَبِيصَةُ بْنُ ذُؤَيْبٍ أَنَّ الْجَدَّةَ أَتَتْ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَسَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ 6311 أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ الْمُقْرِئُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ الزُّهْرِيَّ يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ قَبِيصَةَ بْنِ ذُؤَيْبٍ أَنَّ الْجَدَّةَ أَتَتْ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَسَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ

The Messenger of Allah said: "There is no vow for the son of Adam over what he has no control, and there is no emancipating he can do for one whom he does not own, and there is no divorce for him regarding that which he has no control over."

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لاَ نَذْرَ لاِبْنِ آدَمَ فِيمَا لاَ يَمْلِكُ وَلاَ عِتْقَ لَهُ فِيمَا لاَ يَمْلِكُ وَلاَ طَلاَقَ لَهُ فِيمَا لاَ يَمْلِكُ قَالَ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ وَمُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ وَجَابِرٍ وَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَعَائِشَةَ

"عَنْ سلمانَ. كُنْتُ مِنْ أَبْنَاءِ أَسَاوِرَةِ فَارِسَ وَكُتِبَ (* ) لِى كِتابٌ وَمَعِى غُلَامانِ، وَكانَا إِذا رجعا مِنْ عِنْدَ مُعَلِّمِيْهِما أَتيا نَفْسًا ( * ) فَدَخَلا عَلَيْهِ، فَدَخَلْتُ مَعَهُما، فَقَالَ: أَلَمْ أَنَهَكُما أَنْ تأتِيانِى بِأَحدٍ؟ ! فَجَعَلْتُ أخْتَلِفُ إِلَيْهِ حَتَّى كُنْتُ أَحبَّ إِلَيْهِ مِنْهُما. فَقالَ لِى: إِذَا سَأَلَكَ أَهْلُكَ مَنْ حَبَسَكَ فَقُلْ: مُعَلِّمِى، وإِذَا سَأَلَكَ مُعَلِّمُكَ مَنْ

حَبَسَكَ فَقُلْ: أَهْلى، ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ أَرادَ أَنْ يَتَحَوَّلَ، فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: أَنَا أَتَحَوَّلُ مَعَكَ، فَتَحَوَّلْتُ مَعَهُ، فَنَزَلْتُ قَرْيَةً، فَكانَت امْرأَةٌ تَأتِيه، فَلَمَّا حَضَرَ، قَالَ لى: يَا سَلْمانُ! احْفُرْ عِنْدَ رَأسِى، فَحَفَرْتُ عِنْدَ رَأْسِهِ، فَاسْتَخْرَجْتُ جَرَّةً مِنْ دراهَم، فَقَالَ لِى: صُبَّها عَلَى صَدْرى، فَصَبْبتُهَا عَلَى صَدْرِهِ، فَكَانَ يَقُولُ: وَيْلٌ لَاقْتَنَائِى، ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ مَاتَ، فَقُلْتُ للرُّهْبَانِ، مَنْ لِى بِرَجُل عَالِمٍ أَتَّبِعُهُ، فَدَلُّونِى عَلَى رَجُلٍ فَأَتَيْتُهُ، فَقُلْتُ: ما جَاءنِى إِلا طَلَبُ العِلْمِ، قَالَ: فَإِنِّى واللهِ ما أَعْلَمُ اليَوْمَ رَجُلًا أَعْلَم مِنْ رَجُلٍ خَرَجَ بِأَرْضِى يَتِما (تهامة) () وَإِنْ تَنْطَلِقْ الآنَ تُوافِقْه وَفيه ثَلَاثُ آياتٍ، يَأكُلُ الْهَدِيَّةَ وَلَا يَأكُلُ الصَّدَقَةَ، وَعنْدَ غُضْروفِ كَتِفِهِ اليُمْنَى خَاتَمُ النُّبوَة مِثْل بَيْضَةِ الْحَمَامَة لَوْنُها لَوْنُ جِلْدِهِ، فَانْطَلَقْتُ حَتَّى مَرَرْتُ بِقَوْمٍ مِنَ الأَعرابِ، فاسْتَعْبَدُونِى، فباعُونى حَتَّى اشْتَرَتْنى امْرأَةٌ منَ الْمَدِينَة، فسَمِعْتُهُمْ يَذْكُرون النَّبِىَّ ﷺ فَقُلْتُ لَها: هَبى لى يَوْمًا، قالَتْ: نعمَ، فَاحْتَطَبْتُ حَطَبًا، فَبعْتُهُ، فَأَتَيْتُ النَّبِىَّ ﷺ وَكَانَ يَسيرًا فَوَضَعْتُهُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْه، فَقالَ: ما هَذَا؟ قُلْتُ: صَدَقَةٌ، فَقالَ لأصْحابه. كُلُوا وَلَمْ يَأكُلْ، قُلْتُ: هَذَا مِنْ عَلَامَتِهِ، ثُمَّ مَكَثْتُ ما شَاءَ الله أَنْ أَمْكُثَ، ثُمَّ قُلْتُ لِمَوْلَاتِى: هِبِى لى يَوْمًا، قَالَتْ: نَعَمْ، فانطلقت واحْتَطَبْتُ حَطبًا فَبِعْتُهُ بِأكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ، وَصَنَعْتُ طَعَامًا، فَأَتَيْتُ بِهِ النَّبِىَّ ﷺ وَهُوَ جالِسٌ بَيْنَ أَصْحابِهِ فَوَضَعْتُهُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ، فَقالَ: مَا هَذَا؟ قُلْتُ: هَدِيَّةٌ، فَوَضَعَ يَدَهُ فَقالَ لأَصْحَابِهِ: خُذوا بسْمِ اللهِ، وَقُمْتُ خَلْفَهُ فَوَضَعَ رِدَاءَهُ، فَإِذَا خَاتَمُ النُّبَوَّة، فَقُلْتُ: إِنَّكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ. قَالَ: وَمَا ذَاكَ؟ فَحَدَّثْتُهُ عَن الرَّجُلِ، ثُمَّ قُلْتُ: أَيَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ ! فَإِنَّهُ حَدَّثَنِى أَنَّكَ نَبِىٌّ، قالَ: لَن يَدْخُلَ الجَنَّةَ إِلَّا نَفْسٌ مُسلِمَةٌ".

"عَنْ زَافِرٍ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِى الطُّفَيْلِ عَامِرِ بْنِ وَاثِلَةَ قَالَ: كُنْتُ عَلَى الْبَابِ يَوْمَ الشُّورَى، فَارْتَفَعَتِ الأصْوَاتُ بَيْنَهُمْ فَسَمِعْتُ عَلِيّا يَقُولُ: بَايَعَ النَّاسُ لأَبِى بَكْرٍ، وَأَنَا وَاللهِ أَوْلَى بِالأَمْرِ مِنْه وَأَحَقُّ بِهِ مِنْهُ، فَسَمِعْتُ وَأَطَعْتُ مَخَافَةَ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ النَّاسُ كُفَّارًا يَضْرِبُ بَعْضُهُمْ رِقَابَ بَعْضٍ بِالسَّيْفِ (ثُمَّ بَايَعَ النَّاسُ عُمَرَ وَأَنا وَاللهِ أَوْلَى بالأَمْرِ مِنْه وَأَحَقُّ بِهِ مِنْهُ، فَسَمِعْتُ وَأَطَعْتُ مَخافَةَ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ النَّاسُ كُفَّارًا يَضْرِبُ بَعْضُهُمْ رقابَ بَعْضٍ بِالْسَّيْفِ)، ثُمَّ أَنْتُمْ تُرِيدُونَ أَنْ تُبَايِعُوا عُثْمَانَ إِذَنْ؛ أَسْمَعُ وَأُطِيعُ، إِنَّ

عُمَرَ جَعَلَنِى فِى خَمْسَةِ نَفَرٍ أَنَا سَادِسُهُمْ لَا يُعْرَفُ لِى فَضْلٌ عَلَيْهِمْ فِى الصَّلَاحِ، وَلَا يَعْرِفُونَهُ لِى، كُلُّنَا فِيهِ شَرْعٌ سَوَاءٌ، وَايْمُ الله لَوْ أَشَاءُ أَنْ أَتَكَلَّمَ ثُمَّ لَا يَسْتَطِيعُ عربِيُّهُم وَلَا عَجَمِيُّهُمْ وَلَا الْمُعَاهَدُ مِنْهُمْ وَلَا الْمُشْرِكُ رَدَّ خَصْلَةٍ مِنْهَا لَفَعَلْتُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: نَشَدْتُّكُمْ بِاللهِ أَيُّهَا النَّفَرُ جَمِيعًا أَفِيكُمْ أَحَدٌ آخَى رَسُولَ الله ﷺ غَيْرِى؟ قَالُوا: اللَّهُمَّ لَا، ثُمَّ قَالَ: نَشَدْتُّكُمْ باللهِ أَيُّهَا النَّفَرُ جَمِيعًا أَفِيكُمْ أَحَدٌ لَهُ عَمٌّ مِثْلُ عَمِّى حَمْزَةَ: أَسَدُ اللهِ وَأَسَدُ رَسُولِهِ، وَسَيِّدُ الشُّهَدَاء؟ قَالُوا: اللَّهُمَّ لَا، قَالَ: "أَفِيكُمْ أَحَدٌ لَهُ أَخٌ مِثْلُ أَخِى جَعْفَرٍ ذِى الْجَنَاحَيْنِ، الْمُوَشَّى بِالْجَوْهَرِ يَطِيرُ بِهِمَا فِى الْجَنَّةِ حَيْثُ يَشَاءُ؟ قَالُوا: اللَّهُمَّ لَا، قَالَ: أَفِيكُمْ أَحَدٌ لَهُ مِثْلُ سِبْطَىَّ: الْحَسَنُ وَالْحُسَيْنُ سيِّدَىْ شَبَابِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ؟ قَالُوا: اللَّهُمَّ لَا، قَالَ: أَفِيكُمْ أَحَدٌ لَهُ مِثْلُ زَوْجَتِى فاطِمَةَ بِنْتِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ ؟ قَالُوا: اللَّهُمَّ لَا، قَالَ: أَفِيكُمْ أَحَدٌ كَانَ أَقْتَلَ لِمُشْرِكِى قريش عِنْدَ كُلِّ شَدِيدَةٍ تَنْزِلُ بِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مِنِّى؟ قَالُوا: اللُّهُمَّ لَا، قَالَ: أَفِيكُمْ أَحَدٌ كَانَ أَعْظَمَ غِنًى عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ حِينَ اضْطَجَعْتُ عَلَى فِرَاشِهِ وَوَقَيْتُهُ بنَفْسِى، وَبَذَلْتُ مهجةً لَهُ سَخّة دَمِى؟ قَالُوا: اللَّهُمَّ لَا، قَالَ: أَفِيكُمْ أحَدٌ كَانَ يَأخُذُ الْخُمُسَ غَيْرِى وَغَيْرُ فَاطِمَةَ؟ قَالُوا: اللَّهُمَّ لَا، قَالَ: أَفِيكُمْ أَحدٌ كَانَ لَهُ سَهْمٌ فِى الْحَاضِرِ وَسَهْمٌ فِى الْغَائِبِ غَيْرِى؟ قَالُوا: اللَّهُمَّ لَا، قَالَ: أَكَانَ أَحَدٌ مُطَهَّرًا فِى كِتَابِ اللهِ غَيْرِى حِينَ سَدَّ النَّبِىُّ ﷺ أَبْوَابَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَفَتَحَ بَابِى؟ فَقَامَ

AbdurRahman ibn Ka'b ibn Malik reported on the authority of a man from among the companions of the Prophet ﷺ: The infidels of the Quraysh wrote (a letter) to Ibn Ubayy and to those who worshipped idols from al-Aws and al-Khazraj, while the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was at that time at Medina before the battle of Badr. (They wrote): You gave protection to our companion. We swear by Allah, you should fight him or expel him, or we shall come to you in full force, until we kill your fighters and appropriate your women. When this (news) reached Abdullah ibn Ubayy and those who were worshippers of idols, with him they gathered together to fight the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. When this news reached the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, he visited them and said: The threat of the Quraysh to you has reached its end. They cannot contrive a plot against you, greater than what you yourselves intended to harm you. Are you willing to fight your sons and brethren? When they heard this from the Prophet ﷺ, they scattered. This reached the infidels of the Quraysh. The infidels of the Quraysh again wrote (a letter) to the Jews after the battle of Badr: You are men of weapons and fortresses. You should fight our companion or we shall deal with you in a certain way. And nothing will come between us and the anklets of your women. When their letter reached the Prophet ﷺ, they gathered Banu an-Nadir to violate the treaty. They sent a message to the Prophet ﷺ: Come out to us with thirty men from your companions, and thirty rabbis will come out from us till we meet at a central place where they will hear you. If they testify to you and believe in you, we shall believe in you. The narrator then narrated the whole story. When the next day came, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ went out in the morning with an army, and surrounded them. He told them: I swear by Allah, you will have no peace from me until you conclude a treaty with me. But they refused to conclude a treaty with him. He therefore fought them the same day. Next he attacked Banu Quraysh with an army in the morning, and left Banu an-Nadir. He asked them to sign a treaty and they signed it. He turned away from them and attacked Banu an-Nadir with an army. He fought with them until they agreed to expulsion. Banu an-Nadir were deported, and they took with them whatever their camels could carry, that is, their property, the doors of their houses, and their wood. Palm-trees were exclusively reserved for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Allah bestowed them upon him and gave them him as a special portion. He (Allah), the Exalted, said: What Allah has bestowed on His Apostle (and taken away) from them, for this ye made no expedition with either camel corps or cavalry." He said: "Without fighting." So the Prophet ﷺ gave most of it to the emigrants and divided it among them; and he divided some of it between two men from the helpers, who were needy, and he did not divide it among any of the helpers except those two. The rest of it survived as the sadaqah of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ which is in the hands of the descendants of Fatimah (Allah be pleased with her).

عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّ كُفَّارَ قُرَيْشٍ كَتَبُوا إِلَى ابْنِ أُبَىٍّ وَمَنْ كَانَ يَعْبُدُ مَعَهُ الأَوْثَانَ مِنَ الأَوْسِ وَالْخَزْرَجِ وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَوْمَئِذٍ بِالْمَدِينَةِ قَبْلَ وَقْعَةِ بَدْرٍ إِنَّكُمْ آوَيْتُمْ صَاحِبَنَا وَإِنَّا نُقْسِمُ بِاللَّهِ لَتُقَاتِلُنَّهُ أَوْ لَتُخْرِجُنَّهُ أَوْ لَنَسِيرَنَّ إِلَيْكُمْ بِأَجْمَعِنَا حَتَّى نَقْتُلَ مُقَاتِلَتَكُمْ وَنَسْتَبِيحَ نِسَاءَكُمْ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ ذَلِكَ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ أُبَىٍّ وَمَنْ كَانَ مَعَهُ مِنْ عَبَدَةِ الأَوْثَانِ اجْتَمَعُوا لِقِتَالِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ ذَلِكَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ لَقِيَهُمْ فَقَالَ لَقَدْ بَلَغَ وَعِيدُ قُرَيْشٍ مِنْكُمُ الْمَبَالِغَ مَا كَانَتْ تَكِيدُكُمْ بِأَكْثَرَ مِمَّا تُرِيدُونَ أَنْ تَكِيدُوا بِهِ أَنْفُسَكُمْ تُرِيدُونَ أَنْ تُقَاتِلُوا أَبْنَاءَكُمْ وَإِخْوَانَكُمْ فَلَمَّا سَمِعُوا ذَلِكَ مِنَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ تَفَرَّقُوا فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ كُفَّارَ قُرَيْشٍ فَكَتَبَتْ كُفَّارُ قُرَيْشٍ بَعْدَ وَقْعَةِ بَدْرٍ إِلَى الْيَهُودِ إِنَّكُمْ أَهْلُ الْحَلْقَةِ وَالْحُصُونِ وَإِنَّكُمْ لَتُقَاتِلُنَّ صَاحِبَنَا أَوْ لَنَفْعَلَنَّ كَذَا وَكَذَا وَلاَ يَحُولُ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ خَدَمِ نِسَائِكُمْ شَىْءٌ وَهِيَ الْخَلاَخِيلُ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ كِتَابُهُمُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ أَجْمَعَتْ بَنُو النَّضِيرِ بِالْغَدْرِ فَأَرْسَلُوا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ اخْرُجْ إِلَيْنَا فِي ثَلاَثِينَ رَجُلاً مِنْ أَصْحَابِكَ وَلْيَخْرُجْ مِنَّا ثَلاَثُونَ حَبْرًا حَتَّى نَلْتَقِيَ بِمَكَانِ الْمَنْصَفِ فَيَسْمَعُوا مِنْكَ فَإِنْ صَدَّقُوكَ وَآمَنُوا بِكَ آمَنَّا بِكَ فَقَصَّ خَبَرَهُمْ فَلَمَّا كَانَ الْغَدُ غَدَا عَلَيْهِمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِالْكَتَائِبِ فَحَصَرَهُمْ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ إِنَّكُمْ وَاللَّهِ لاَ تَأْمَنُونَ عِنْدِي إِلاَّ بِعَهْدٍ تُعَاهِدُونِي عَلَيْهِ فَأَبَوْا أَنْ يُعْطُوهُ عَهْدًا فَقَاتَلَهُمْ يَوْمَهُمْ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ غَدَا الْغَدُ عَلَى بَنِي قُرَيْظَةَ بِالْكَتَائِبِ وَتَرَكَ بَنِي النَّضِيرِ وَدَعَاهُمْ إِلَى أَنْ يُعَاهِدُوهُ فَعَاهَدُوهُ فَانْصَرَفَ عَنْهُمْ وَغَدَا عَلَى بَنِي النَّضِيرِ بِالْكَتَائِبِ فَقَاتَلَهُمْ حَتَّى نَزَلُوا عَلَى الْجَلاَءِ فَجَلَتْ بَنُو النَّضِيرِ وَاحْتَمَلُوا مَا أَقَلَّتِ الإِبِلُ مِنْ أَمْتِعَتِهِمْ وَأَبْوَابِ بُيُوتِهِمْ وَخَشَبِهَا فَكَانَ نَخْلُ بَنِي النَّضِيرِ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ خَاصَّةً أَعْطَاهُ اللَّهُ إِيَّاهَا وَخَصَّهُ بِهَا فَقَالَ { وَمَا أَفَاءَ اللَّهُ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ مِنْهُمْ فَمَا أَوْجَفْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ خَيْلٍ وَلاَ رِكَابٍ } يَقُولُ بِغَيْرِ قِتَالٍ فَأَعْطَى النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَكْثَرَهَا لِلْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَقَسَمَهَا بَيْنَهُمْ وَقَسَمَ مِنْهَا لِرَجُلَيْنِ مِنَ الأَنْصَارِ وَكَانَا ذَوِي حَاجَةٍ لَمْ يَقْسِمْ لأَحَدٍ مِنَ الأَنْصَارِ غَيْرَهُمَا وَبَقِيَ مِنْهَا صَدَقَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ الَّتِي فِي أَيْدِي بَنِي فَاطِمَةَ ؓ

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , said, "Whoever frees a portion of a slave or a share in a partnership, then he will have from that slave or partnership an amount of wealth equal to the value of justice. He will be considered a free person." He said, "I do not know if this is a hadith from the Prophet, ﷺ , or something that Nafi' said. If it is not something that Nafi' said, then he has freed what he has freed." They have reported it in Sahih like this, and it contains an apparent indication that he was unsure about it. Malik ibn Anas, may Allah have mercy on him, confirmed it as a hadith from the Prophet, ﷺ , so the ruling is in accordance with his view. As for the preference of Malik's memorization, it is with the majority of the people of hadith, as Ash-Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, said. 21355 Abu 'Abdullah Al-Hafiz informed us, Abu Bakr ibn Ishaq informed us, Isma'il ibn Ishaq informed us, 'Ali ibn Al-Madinri said, "Abdur-Rahman ibn Mahdi would not give precedence to anyone over Malik." 21356 Abu 'Abdullah Al-Hafiz informed us, I heard Abu Al-Hasan Al-'Anazi say, I heard 'Uthman ibn Sa'id Ad-Darimi say, "I asked Yahya ibn Ma'in, 'Is Malik more beloved to you than Nafi' or 'Ubaidullah ibn 'Umar?' He said, 'Malik.' I said, 'And what about Ayub As-Sakhtiani?' He said, 'Malik.'" 21357 Abu 'Abdullah Al-Hafiz informed us, Abu Muhammad ibn 'Ukht ibn Abu 'Awana informed us, my maternal uncle informed me, Al-Maimuni said, "I heard Yahya ibn Ma'in and Ahmad ibn Hanbal, both of them, say, 'Malik was one of the most trustworthy people in his hadith.'" Ahmad ibn Hanbal said, "O Abu Al-Hasan, it does not matter if you do not ask about a man who narrates from Malik, especially if he is from Madinah." 21358 Abu 'Abdullah Al-Hafiz informed us, I heard Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Ahmad Al-Hairi say, I heard Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad Al-Qabani say, I heard 'Ubaidullah ibn 'Umar Al-Qawariri say, 'I heard Hammad ibn Zaid say, 'I heard Ayyub As-Sakhtiani say, "Malik had a special chain with Nafi' during his lifetime.'" 21359 Abu Al-Husayn Ibn Al-Fadl Al-Qattan informed us in Baghdad, 'Abdullah ibn Ja'far told us, Ya'qub ibn Sufyan informed me, Muhammad ibn Abi Ruqayn informed me, Ibn Wahb informed me, Malik said, "Yahya ibn Sa'id asked me to compile one hundred hadiths from the hadiths of Ibn Shihab and select them for him, so I wrote those hadiths for him until I filled the book and explained them to him." Malik said, "And a man said, 'I used to learn from him until the day he died. He would come to me and ask me questions.' As for the concurrence of the ones who agreed with Malik on this addition..."

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ أَعْتَقَ نَصِيبًا مِنْ عَبْدٍ أَوْ شِرْكًا كَانَ لَهُ فِي عَبْدٍ فَكَانَ لَهُ مِنَ الْمَالِ مَا يَبْلُغُ ثَمَنَهُ بِقِيمَةِ الْعَدْلِ فَهُوَ عَتِيقٌ قَالَ فَلَا أَدْرِي أَهُوَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ؟ أَوْ شَيْءٌ قَالَهُ نَافِعٌ وَإِلَّا فَقَدْ عَتَقَ مِنْهُ مَا عَتَقَ ؟ أَخْرَجَاهُ فِي الصَّحِيحِ هَكَذَا وَفِيهِ دَلَالَةٌ ظَاهِرَةٌ عَلَى أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَشُكُّ فِيهِ وَمَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ أَثْبَتَهُ عَنِ الْحَدِيثِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَالْحُكْمُ لَهُ دُونَهُ وَأَمَّا فَضْلُ حِفْظِ مَالِكٍ فَهُوَ عِنْدَ جَمَاعَةِ أَهْلِ الْحَدِيثِ كَمَا قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ 21355 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أَنْبَأَ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ أَنْبَأَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْمَدِينِيِّ قَالَ كَانَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ لَا يُقَدِّمُ عَلَى مَالِكٍ أَحَدًا 21356 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ الْعَنَزِيَّ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ عُثْمَانَ بْنَ سَعِيدٍ الدَّارِمِيَّ يَقُولُ قُلْتُ لِيَحْيَى بْنِ مَعِينٍ مَالِكٌ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْكَ فِي نَافِعٍ أَوْ عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ؟ قَالَ مَالِكٌ قُلْتُ فَأَيُّوبُ السَّخْتِيَانِيُّ؟ قَالَ مَالِكٌ 21357 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أَنْبَأَ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ ابْنُ أُخْتِ أَبِي عَوَانَةَ حَدَّثَنِي خَالِي ثنا الْمَيْمُونِيُّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ يَحْيَى بْنَ مَعِينٍ وَأَحْمَدَ بْنَ حَنْبَلٍ جَمِيعًا يَقُولَانِ كَانَ مَالِكٌ مِنْ أَثْبَتِ النَّاسِ فِي حَدِيثِهِ قَالَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ لَا تُبَالِ أَنْ لَا تَسْأَلَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ حَدَّثَ عَنْهُ مَالِكٌ وَلَا سِيَّمَا مَدَنِيٌّ 21358 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ أَحْمَدَ الْحِيرِيَّ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ الْحُسَيْنَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ الْقَبَّانِيَّ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ عُبَيْدَ اللهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ الْقَوَارِيرِيَّ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ حَمَّادَ بْنَ زَيْدٍ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ أَيُّوبَ السَّخْتِيَانِيَّ يَقُولُ لَقَدْ كَانَتْ لِمَالِكٍ حَلْقَةٌ فِي حَيَاةِ نَافِعٍ 21359 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ الْقَطَّانُ بِبَغْدَادَ أَنْبَأَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ثنا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي رُكَيْنٍ أَنْبَأَ ابْنُ وَهْبٍ حَدَّثَنِي مَالِكٌ قَالَ قَالَ لِي يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ اكْتُبْ لِي مِائَةَ حَدِيثٍ مِنْ حَدِيثِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ انْتَقِهَا لِي وَأَعْطَانِي رَقًّا قَدِيمًا قَدِ اصْفَرَّ قَالَ فَكَتَبْتُ لَهُ تِلْكَ الْأَحَادِيثَ حَتَّى مَلَأْتُهُ وَبَيَّنْتُهُ لَهُ قَالَ مَالِكٌ وَقَالَ رَجُلٌ كُنْتُ أَتَعَلَّمُ مِنْهُ مَا مَاتَ حَتَّى كَانَ يَجِيئُنِي فَيَسْتَفْتِينِي وَأَمَّا مُوَافَقَةُ مَنْ وَافَقَ مَالِكًا عَلَى هَذِهِ الزِّيَادَةِ

Malik said, "There is no harm in buying dates from specified trees or a specified orchard or buying milk from specified sheep when the buyer starts to take them as soon as he has payed the price. That is like buying oil from a container. A man buys some of it for a dinar or two and gives his gold and stipulates that it be measured out for him. There is no harm in that. If the container breaks and the oil is wasted, the buyer has his gold back and there is no transaction between them." Malik said, "There is no harm in everything which is taken right away as it is, like fresh milk and fresh picked dates which the buyer can take on a day-to-day basis. If the supply runs out before the buyer has what he has paid for in full, the seller gives him back the portion of the gold that is owed to him, or else the buyer takes other goods from him to the value of what he is owed and which they mutually agree about. The buyer should stay with the seller until he has taken it. It is disapproved of for the seller to leave because the transaction would then come into the forbidden category of a debt for a debt. If a stated time period for payment or delivery enters into the transaction, it is also disapproved. Delay and deferment are not permitted in it, and are only acceptable when it is standard practice on definite terms by which the seller guarantees it to the buyer, but this is not to be from one specific orchard or from any specific ewes." Malik was asked about a man who bought an orchard from another man in which there were various types of palm-trees - excellent ajwa palms, good kabis palms, adhq palms and othertypes. The seller kept aside from the sale the produce of a certain palm of his choice. Malik said, "That is not good because if he does that, and keeps aside, for instance, dates of the ajwa variety whose yield would be 15 sa, and he picks the dates of the kabis in their place, and the yield of their dates is 10 sa or he picks the ajwa which yield 15 sa and leaves the kabis which yield 10 sa, it is as if he bought the ajwa for the kabis making allowances for their difference of quality. This is the same as if a man dealing with a man who has heaps of dates before him - a heap of 15 sa of ajwa, a heap of 10 sa of kabis, and a heap of 12 sa of cadhq, gives the owner of the dates a dinar to let him choose and take whichever of the heaps he likes." Malik said, "That is not good." Malik was asked what a man who bought fresh dates from the owner of an orchard and advanced him a dinar was entitled to if the crop was spoilt. Malik said, "The buyer makes a reckoning with the owner of the orchard and takes what is due to him of the dinar. If the buyer has taken two-thirds of a dinar's worth of dates, he gets back the third of a dinar which is owed him. If the buyer has taken three-quarters of a dinar's worth of dates, then he gets back the quarter which is owed to him, or they come to a mutual agreement, and the buyer takes what is owed him from his dinar from the owner of the orchard in something else of his choosing. If, for instance, he prefers to take dry dates or some other goods, he takes them according to what is due. If he takes dry dates or some other goods, he should stay with him until he has been paid in full." Malik said, "This is the same situation as hiring out a specified riding-camel or hiring out a slave tailor, carpenter or some other kind of worker or letting a house and taking payment in advance for the hire of the slave or the rent of the house or camel. Then an accident happens to what has been hired resulting in death or something else. The owner of the camel, slave or house returns what remains of the rent of the camel, the hire of the slave or the rent of the house to the one who advanced him the money, and the owner reckons what will settle that up in full. If, for instance, he has provided half of what the man paid for, he returns the remaining half of what he advanced, or according to whatever amount is due." Malik said, "Paying in advance for something which is on hand is only good when the buyer takes possession of what he has paid for as soon as he hands over the gold, whether it be slave, camel, or house, or in the case of dates, he starts to pick them as soon as he has paid the money." It is not good that there be any deferment or credit in such a transaction. Malik said, "An example illustrating what is disapproved of in this situation is that, for instance, a man may say that he will pay someone in advance for the use of his camel to ride in the hajj, and the hajj is still some time off, or he may say something similar to that about a slave or a house. When he does that, he only pays the money in advance on the understanding that if he finds the camel to be sound at the time the hire is due to begin, he will take it by virtue of what he has already paid. If an accident, or death, or something happens to the camel, then he will get his money back and the money he paid in advance will be considered as a loan." Malik said, "This is distinct from someone who takes immediate possession of what he rents or hires, so that it does not fall into the category of 'uncertainty,' or disapproved payment in advance. That is following a common practice. An example of that is that a man buys a slave, or slave-girl, and takes possession of them and pays their price. If something happens to them within the period of the year indemnification contract, he takes his gold back from the one from whom he bought it. There is no harm in that. This is the precedent of the sunna in the matter of selling slaves." Malik said, "Someone who rents a specified slave, or hires a specified camel, for a future date, at which time he will take possession of the camel or slave, has not acted properly because he did not take possession of what he rented or hired, nor is he advancing a loan which the person is responsible to pay back."

قالَ مالِكٌ: "مَنِ اشْتَرى ثَمَرًا مِن نَخْلٍ مُسَمّاةٍ أوْ حائِطٍ مُسَمًّى، أوْ لَبَنًا مِن غَنَمٍ مُسَمّاةٍ إنَّهُ لا بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ، إذا كانَ يُؤْخَذُ عاجِلًا يَشْرَعُ المُشْتَرِي فِي أخْذِهِ عِنْدَ دَفْعِهِ الثَّمَنَ، وإنَّما مَثَلُ ذَلِكَ بِمَنزِلَةِ راوِيَةِ زَيْتٍ يَبْتاعُ مِنها رَجُلٌ بِدِينارٍ أوْ دِينارَيْنِ، ويُعْطِيهِ ذَهَبَهُ ويَشْتَرِطُ عَلَيْهِ أنْ يَكِيلَ لَهُ مِنها، فَهَذا لا بَأْسَ بِهِ، فَإنِ انْشَقَّتِ الرّاوِيَةُ فَذَهَبَ زَيْتُها، فَلَيْسَ لِلْمُبْتاعِ إلّا ذَهَبُهُ، ولا يَكُونُ بَيْنَهُما بَيْعٌ، وأمّا كُلُّ شَيْءٍ كانَ حاضِرًا يُشْتَرى عَلى وجْهِهِ مِثْلُ اللَّبَنِ إذا حُلِبَ، والرُّطَبِ يُسْتَجْنى، فَيَأْخُذُ المُبْتاعُ يَوْمًا بِيَوْمٍ، فَلا بَأْسَ بِهِ، فَإنْ فَنِيَ قَبْلَ أنْ يَسْتَوْفِيَ المُشْتَرِي ما اشْتَرى رَدَّ عَلَيْهِ البائِعُ مِن ذَهَبِهِ بِحِسابِ ما بَقِيَ لَهُ، أوْ يَأْخُذُ مِنهُ المُشْتَرِي سِلْعَةً، بِما بَقِيَ لَهُ يَتَراضَيانِ عَلَيْها، ولا يُفارِقُهُ حَتّى يَأْخُذَها، فَإنْ فارَقَهُ، فَإنَّ ذَلِكَ مَكْرُوهٌ لِأنَّهُ يَدْخُلُهُ الدَّيْنُ بِالدَّيْنِ، وقَدْ نُهِيَ عَنِ الكالِئِ بِالكالِئِ، فَإنْ وقَعَ فِي بَيْعِهِما أجَلٌ فَإنَّهُ مَكْرُوهٌ ولا يَحِلُّ فِيهِ تَأْخِيرٌ ولا نَظِرَةٌ، ولا يَصْلُحُ إلّا بِصِفَةٍ مَعْلُومَةٍ إلى أجَلٍ مُسَمًّى، فَيَضْمَنُ ذَلِكَ البائِعُ لِلْمُبْتاعِ، ولا يُسَمّى ذَلِكَ فِي حائِطٍ بِعَيْنِهِ، ولا فِي غَنَمٍ بِأعْيانِها «وسُئِلَ مالِكٌ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي مِنَ الرَّجُلِ الحائِطَ فِيهِ ألْوانٌ مِنَ النَّخْلِ مِنَ العَجْوَةِ والكَبِيسِ والعَذْقِ، وغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ مِن ألْوانِ التَّمْرِ، فَيَسْتَثْنِي مِنها ثَمَرَ النَّخْلَةِ أوِ النَّخَلاتِ يَخْتارُها مِن نَخْلِهِ؟ فَقالَ مالِكٌ:»ذَلِكَ لا يَصْلُحُ لِأنَّهُ إذا صَنَعَ ذَلِكَ تَرَكَ ثَمَرَ النَّخْلَةِ مِنَ العَجْوَةِ، ومَكِيلَةُ ثَمَرِها خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ صاعًا وأخَذَ مَكانَها ثَمَرَ نَخْلَةٍ مِنَ الكَبِيسِ، ومَكِيلَةُ ثَمَرِها عَشَرَةُ أصْوُعٍ، فَإنْ أخَذَ العَجْوَةَ الَّتِي فِيها خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ صاعًا، وتَرَكَ الَّتِي فِيها عَشْرَةُ أصْوُعٍ مِنَ الكَبِيسِ فَكَأنَّهُ اشْتَرى العَجْوَةَ بِالكَبِيسِ مُتَفاضِلًا، وذَلِكَ مِثْلُ أنْ يَقُولَ الرَّجُلُ لِلرَّجُلِ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ صُبَرٌ مِنَ التَّمْرِ قَدْ صَبَّرَ العَجْوَةَ، فَجَعَلَها خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ صاعًا، وجَعَلَ صُبْرَةَ الكَبِيسِ عَشَرَةَ آصُعٍ، وجَعَلَ صُبْرَةَ العَذْقِ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ صاعًا، فَأعْطى صاحِبَ التَّمْرِ دِينارًا عَلى أنَّهُ يَخْتارُ فَيَأْخُذُ أيَّ تِلْكَ الصُّبَرِ شاءَ، قالَ مالِكٌ: فَهَذا لا يَصْلُحُ «وسُئِلَ مالِكٌ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي الرُّطَبَ مِن صاحِبِ الحائِطِ فَيُسْلِفُهُ الدِّينارَ، ماذا لَهُ إذا ذَهَبَ رُطَبُ ذَلِكَ الحائِطِ؟ قالَ مالِكٌ: «يُحاسِبُ صاحِبَ الحائِطِ ثُمَّ يَأْخُذُ ما بَقِيَ لَهُ مِن دِينارِهِ، إنْ كانَ أخَذَ بِثُلُثَيْ دِينارٍ رُطَبًا أخَذَ ثُلُثَ الدِّينارِ الَّذِي بَقِيَ لَهُ، وإنْ كانَ أخَذَ ثَلاثَةَ أرْباعِ دِينارِهِ رُطَبًا، أخَذَ الرُّبُعَ الَّذِي بَقِيَ لَهُ، أوْ يَتَراضَيانِ بَيْنَهُما، فَيَأْخُذُ بِما بَقِيَ لَهُ مِن دِينارِهِ عِنْدَ صاحِبِ الحائِطِ ما بَدا لَهُ إنْ أحَبَّ أنْ يَأْخُذَ تَمْرًا أوْ سِلْعَةً سِوى التَّمْرِ أخَذَها بِما فَضَلَ لَهُ، فَإنْ أخَذَ تَمْرًا أوْ سِلْعَةً أُخْرى فَلا يُفارِقْهُ حَتّى يَسْتَوْفِيَ ذَلِكَ مِنهُ» قالَ مالِكٌ: «وإنَّما هَذا بِمَنزِلَةِ أنْ يُكْرِيَ الرَّجُلُ الرَّجُلَ راحِلَةً بِعَيْنِها أوْ يُؤاجِرَ غُلامَهُ الخَيّاطَ أوِ النَّجّارَ أوِ العَمّالَ لِغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الأعْمالِ، أوْ يُكْرِيَ مَسْكَنَهُ، ويَسْتَلِفَ إجارَةَ ذَلِكَ الغُلامِ، أوْ كِراءَ ذَلِكَ المَسْكَنِ، أوْ تِلْكَ الرّاحِلَةِ، ثُمَّ يَحْدُثُ فِي ذَلِكَ حَدَثٌ بِمَوْتٍ أوْ غَيْرِ ذَلِكَ، فَيَرُدُّ رَبُّ الرّاحِلَةِ، أوِ العَبْدِ أوِ المَسْكَنِ إلى الَّذِي سَلَّفَهُ ما بَقِيَ مِن كِراءِ الرّاحِلَةِ، أوْ إجارَةِ العَبْدِ، أوْ كِراءِ المَسْكَنِ، يُحاسِبُ صاحِبَهُ بِما اسْتَوْفى مِن ذَلِكَ، إنْ كانَ اسْتَوْفى نِصْفَ حَقِّهِ رَدَّ عَلَيْهِ النِّصْفَ الباقِيَ الَّذِي لَهُ عِنْدَهُ، وإنْ كانَ أقَلَّ مِن ذَلِكَ أوْ أكْثَرَ فَبِحِسابِ ذَلِكَ يَرُدُّ إلَيْهِ ما بَقِيَ لَهُ» قالَ مالِكٌ:»ولا يَصْلُحُ التَّسْلِيفُ فِي شَيْءٍ مِن هَذا، يُسَلَّفُ فِيهِ بِعَيْنِهِ، إلّا أنْ يَقْبِضَ المُسَلِّفُ ما سَلَّفَ فِيهِ عِنْدَ دَفْعِهِ الذَّهَبَ إلى صاحِبِهِ، يَقْبِضُ العَبْدَ أوِ الرّاحِلَةَ أوِ المَسْكَنَ أوْ يَبْدَأُ فِيما اشْتَرى مِنَ الرُّطَبِ. فَيَأْخُذُ مِنهُ عِنْدَ دَفْعِهِ الذَّهَبَ إلى صاحِبِهِ، لا يَصْلُحُ أنْ يَكُونَ فِي شَيْءٍ مِن ذَلِكَ تَأْخِيرٌ ولا أجَلٌ «قالَ مالِكٌ:»وتَفْسِيرُ ما كُرِهَ مِن ذَلِكَ، أنْ يَقُولَ الرَّجُلُ لِلرَّجُلِ: أُسَلِّفُكَ فِي راحِلَتِكَ فُلانَةَ أرْكَبُها فِي الحَجِّ، وبَيْنَهُ وبَيْنَ الحَجِّ أجَلٌ مِنَ الزَّمانِ، أوْ يَقُولَ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ فِي العَبْدِ أوِ المَسْكَنِ، فَإنَّهُ إذا صَنَعَ ذَلِكَ كانَ إنَّما يُسَلِّفُهُ ذَهَبًا، عَلى أنَّهُ إنْ وجَدَ تِلْكَ الرّاحِلَةَ صَحِيحَةً لِذَلِكَ الأجَلِ الَّذِي سَمّى لَهُ، فَهِيَ لَهُ بِذَلِكَ الكِراءِ، وإنْ حَدَثَ بِها حَدَثٌ مِن مَوْتٍ أوْ غَيْرِهِ رَدَّ عَلَيْهِ ذَهَبَهُ، وكانَتْ عَلَيْهِ عَلى وجْهِ السَّلَفِ عِنْدَهُ " قالَ مالِكٌ: «وإنَّما فَرَقَ بَيْنَ ذَلِكَ القَبْضُ مَن قَبَضَ ما اسْتَأْجَرَ أوِ اسْتَكْرى فَقَدْ خَرَجَ مِنَ الغَرَرِ والسَّلَفِ الَّذِي يُكْرَهُ، وأخَذَ أمْرًا مَعْلُومًا، وإنَّما مَثَلُ ذَلِكَ أنْ يَشْتَرِيَ الرَّجُلُ العَبْدَ أوِ الوَلِيدَةَ فَيَقْبِضَهُما، ويَنْقُدَ أثْمانَهُما، فَإنْ حَدَثَ بِهِما حَدَثٌ مِن عُهْدَةِ السَّنَةِ، أخَذَ ذَهَبَهُ مِن صاحِبِهِ الَّذِي ابْتاعَ مِنهُ، فَهَذا لا بَأْسَ بِهِ وبِهَذا مَضَتِ السُّنَّةُ فِي بَيْعِ الرَّقِيقِ» قالَ مالِكٌ: «ومَنِ اسْتَأْجَرَ عَبْدًا بِعَيْنِهِ، أوْ تَكارى راحِلَةً بِعَيْنِها إلى أجَلٍ. يَقْبِضُ العَبْدَ أوِ الرّاحِلَةَ إلى ذَلِكَ الأجَلِ. فَقَدْ عَمِلَ بِما لا يَصْلُحُ. لا هُوَ قَبَضَ ما اسْتَكْرى أوِ اسْتَأْجَرَ، ولا هُوَ سَلَّفَ فِي دَيْنٍ يَكُونُ ضامِنًا عَلى صاحِبِهِ حَتّى يَسْتَوْفِيَهُ»

Yahya related to me from Malik that he had asked Ibn Shihab whether someone doing itikaf could go into a house to relieve himself, and he said, "Yes, there is no harm in that." Malik said, "The situation that we are all agreed upon here is that there is no disapproval of anyone doing itikaf in a mosque where jumua is held. The only reason I see for disapproving of doing itikaf in a mosque where jumua is not held is that the man doing itikaf would have to leave the mosque where he was doing itikaf in order to go to jumua, or else not go there at all. If, however, he is doing itikaf in a mosque where jumua is not held, and he does not have to go to jumua in any other mosque, then I see no harm in him doing itikaf there, because Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, says, 'While you are doing itikaf in mosques,' and refers to all mosques in general, without specifying any particular kind." Malik continued, "Accordingly, it is permissiblefor a man to do itikaf in a mosque where jumua is not held if he does not have to leave it to go to a mosque where jumua is held." Malik said, "A person doing itikaf should spend the night only in the mosque where he is doing itikaf, except if his tent is in one of the courtyards of the mosque. I have never heard that someone doing itikaf can put up a shelter anywhere except in the mosque itself or in one of the courtyards of the mosque. Part of what shows that he must spend the night in the mosque is the saying of A'isha, 'When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was doing itikaf, he would only go into the house to relieve himself.' Nor should he do itikaf on the roof of the mosque or in the minaret." Malik said, "The person who is going to do itikaf should enter the place where he wishes to do itikaf before the sun sets on the night when he wishes to begin his itikaf, so that he is ready to begin the itikaf at the beginning of the night when he is going to start his itikaf. A person doing itikaf should be occupied with his itikaf, and not turn his attention to other things which might occupy him, such as trading or whatever. There is no harm, however, if some one doing itikaf tells some one to do something for him regarding his estate, or the affairs of his family, or tells someone to sell some property of his, or something else that does not occupy him directly. There is no harm in him arranging for someone else to do that for him if it is a simple matter." Malik said, "I have never heard any of the people of knowledge mentioning any modification as far as how to do itikaf is concerned. Itikaf is an act of ibada like the prayer, fasting, the hajj, and such like acts, whether they are obligatory or voluntary. Anyone who begins doing any of these acts should do them according to what has come down in the sunna. He should not start doing anything in them that the muslims have not done, whether it is a modification that he imposes on others, or one that he begins doing himself. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ practised itikaf, and the muslims know what the sunna of itikaf is." Malik said, "Itikaf and jiwar are the same, and Itikaf is the same for a village-dweller as it is for a nomad."

عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَعْتَكِفُ هَلْ يَدْخُلُ لِحَاجَتِهِ تَحْتَ سَقْفٍ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ لاَ بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ قَالَ مَالِكٌ الأَمْرُ عِنْدَنَا الَّذِي لاَ اخْتِلاَفَ فِيهِ أَنَّهُ لاَ يُكْرَهُ الاِعْتِكَافُ فِي كُلِّ مَسْجِدٍ يُجَمَّعُ فِيهِ وَلاَ أُرَاهُ كُرِهَ الاِعْتِكَافُ فِي الْمَسَاجِدِ الَّتِي لاَ يُجَمَّعُ فِيهَا إِلاَّ كَرَاهِيَةَ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ الْمُعْتَكِفُ مِنْ مَسْجِدِهِ الَّذِي اعْتَكَفَ فِيهِ إِلَى الْجُمُعَةِ أَوْ يَدَعَهَا فَإِنْ كَانَ مَسْجِدًا لاَ يُجَمَّعُ فِيهِ الْجُمُعَةُ وَلاَ يَجِبُ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ إِتْيَانُ الْجُمُعَةِ فِي مَسْجِدٍ سِوَاهُ فَإِنِّي لاَ أَرَى بَأْسًا بِالاِعْتِكَافِ فِيهِ لأَنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى قَالَ وَأَنْتُمْ عَاكِفُونَ فِي الْمَسَاجِدِ فَعَمَّ اللَّهُ الْمَسَاجِدَ كُلَّهَا وَلَمْ يَخُصَّ شَيْئًا مِنْهَا قَالَ مَالِكٌ فَمِنْ هُنَالِكَ جَازَ لَهُ أَنْ يَعْتَكِفَ فِي الْمَسَاجِدِ الَّتِي لاَ يُجَمَّعُ فِيهَا الْجُمُعَةُ إِذَا كَانَ لاَ يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ مِنْهُ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ الَّذِي تُجَمَّعُ فِيهِ الْجُمُعَةُ قَالَ مَالِكٌ وَلاَ يَبِيتُ الْمُعْتَكِفُ إِلاَّ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ الَّذِي اعْتَكَفَ فِيهِ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ خِبَاؤُهُ فِي رَحَبَةٍ مِنْ رِحَابِ الْمَسْجِدِ وَلَمْ أَسْمَعْ أَنَّ الْمُعْتَكِفَ يَضْرِبُ بِنَاءً يَبِيتُ فِيهِ إِلاَّ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ أَوْ فِي رَحَبَةٍ مِنْ رِحَابِ الْمَسْجِدِ وَمِمَّا يَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّهُ لاَ يَبِيتُ إِلاَّ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ قَوْلُ عَائِشَةَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِذَا اعْتَكَفَ لاَ يَدْخُلُ الْبَيْتَ إِلاَّ لِحَاجَةِ الإِنْسَانِ وَلاَ يَعْتَكِفُ فَوْقَ ظَهْرِ الْمَسْجِدِ وَلاَ فِي الْمَنَارِ يَعْنِي الصَّوْمَعَةَ وَقَالَ مَالِكٌ يَدْخُلُ الْمُعْتَكِفُ الْمَكَانَ الَّذِي يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَعْتَكِفَ فِيهِ قَبْلَ غُرُوبِ الشَّمْسِ مِنَ اللَّيْلَةِ الَّتِي يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَعْتَكِفَ فِيهَا حَتَّى يَسْتَقْبِلَ بِاعْتِكَافِهِ أَوَّلَ اللَّيْلَةِ الَّتِي يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَعْتَكِفَ فِيهَا وَالْمُعْتَكِفُ مُشْتَغِلٌ بِاعْتِكَافِهِ لاَ يَعْرِضُ لِغَيْرِهِ مِمَّا يَشْتَغِلُ بِهِ مِنَ التِّجَارَاتِ أَوْ غَيْرِهَا وَلاَ بَأْسَ بِأَنْ يَأْمُرَ الْمُعْتَكِفُ بِبَعْضِ حَاجَتِهِ بِضَيْعَتِهِ وَمَصْلَحَةِ أَهْلِهِ وَأَنْ يَأْمُرَ بِبَيْعِ مَالِهِ أَوْ بِشَىْءٍ لاَ يَشْغَلُهُ فِي نَفْسِهِ فَلاَ بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ إِذَا كَانَ خَفِيفًا أَنْ يَأْمُرَ بِذَلِكَ مَنْ يَكْفِيهِ إِيَّاهُ قَالَ مَالِكٌ لَمْ أَسْمَعْ أَحَدًا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ يَذْكُرُ فِي الاِعْتِكَافِ شَرْطًا وَإِنَّمَا الاِعْتِكَافُ عَمَلٌ مِنَ الأَعْمَالِ مِثْلُ الصَّلاَةِ وَالصِّيَامِ وَالْحَجِّ وَمَا أَشْبَهَ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الأَعْمَالِ مَا كَانَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَرِيضَةً أَوْ نَافِلَةً فَمَنْ دَخَلَ فِي شَىْءٍ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَإِنَّمَا يَعْمَلُ بِمَا مَضَى مِنَ السُّنَّةِ وَلَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يُحْدِثَ فِي ذَلِكَ غَيْرَ مَا مَضَى عَلَيْهِ الْمُسْلِمُونَ لاَ مِنْ شَرْطٍ يَشْتَرِطُهُ وَلاَ يَبْتَدِعُهُ وَقَدِ اعْتَكَفَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَعَرَفَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ سُنَّةَ الاِعْتِكَافِ قَالَ مَالِكٌ وَالاِعْتِكَافَ وَالْجِوَارُ سَوَاءٌ وَالاِعْتِكَافُ لِلْقَرَوِيِّ وَالْبَدَوِيِّ سَوَاءٌ

[Machine] We were informed by Shaddad bin Abdullah Al-Damishqi, who was one of the companions of the Prophet ﷺ , that Abu Umarah said, "O Amr bin Abasah, the companion of wisdom, the wisdom of giving charity is a man from the tribe of Bani Sulaym. What makes you claim that you are a quarter of Islam?" He said, "In the period of ignorance, I used to see people in misguidance and I did not see any value in idols. Then I heard about a man who was reporting news from Makkah and narrating stories. So, I rode my camel until I reached Makkah, where I found the Messenger of Allah ﷺ hiding while his people were bold against him. I showed kindness to him and entered to meet him. I asked him, 'Who are you?' He said, ‘I am the Messenger of Allah.’ I asked, 'What is a Messenger of Allah?' He said, 'The Messenger of Allah is a Prophet.' I asked, 'Did Allah send you?' He said, 'Yes.' I asked, 'For what purpose did Allah send you?' He said, 'To worship Allah alone and not associate anything with Him, to demolish idols, and to maintain family ties.' Then I asked, 'Who is with you in this?' He said, 'The free and the slave or the slave and the free.' And he mentioned that Abu Bakr bin Abi Quhafa and Bilal, the slave of Abu Bakr, were with him. I said, 'I will follow you.' He said, 'You are not capable of that today, but return to your family. When you hear that I have emerged, come to me.' So, I returned to my family and I embraced Islam. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ migrated to Madinah, and I continued to search for news until a delegation from Yathrib came. I asked, 'Who is this Makkian man who has come to you?' They said, 'His people wanted to kill him, but they were unable, so there was a treaty between him and them.' And we left the people in confusion. I, Amr bin Abasah, rode my camel until I reached Madinah. I entered and said, 'O Messenger of Allah, do you recognize me?' He said, 'Yes, aren't you the one who came to me from Makkah?' I said, 'Indeed.' So, I said, 'O Messenger of Allah, teach me what Allah has taught you, for I am ignorant.' He said, 'If you pray Fajr, then shorten your prayer until the sun rises. Then do not pray until it is fully elevated, as at that time, the disbelievers prostrate to it. When it rises the height of a spear or two, then pray, as the prayer is witnessed and forbidden until the spear is shaded by the shadow. Then shorten your prayer, as at that time, Hellfire is kindled. When the sun has fully set, then you may pray Asr. When you pray Asr, then shorten your prayer until the sun has set, as at that time, the disbelievers prostrate to it.' I said, 'O Prophet of Allah, tell me about ablution.' He said, 'None of you should perform ablution, then rinse the mouth, sniff water into the nose, and blow it out, except that his sins are expiated from his mouth and nostrils with the water when it flows. Then, wash his face as Allah, the Most High, ordered.'

حَدَّثَنَا شَدَّادُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الدِّمَشْقِيُّ وَكَانَ قَدْ أَدْرَكَ نَفَرًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو أُمَامَةَ يَا عَمْرُو بْنَ عَبَسَةَ صَاحِبَ الْعَقْلِ عَقْلِ الصَّدَقَةِ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي سُلَيْمٍ بِأَيِّ شَيْءٍ تَدَّعِي أَنَّكَ رُبُعُ الْإِسْلَامِ؟ قَالَ إِنِّي كُنْتُ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ أَرَى النَّاسَ عَلَى ضَلَالَةٍ وَلَا أَرَى الْأَوْثَانَ شَيْئًا ثُمَّ سَمِعْتُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ يُخْبِرُ أَخْبَارَ مَكَّةَ وَيُحَدِّثُ أَحَادِيثَ فَرَكِبْتُ رَاحِلَتِي حَتَّى قَدِمْتُ مَكَّةَ فَإِذَا أَنَا بِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مُسْتَخْفٍ وَإِذَا قَوْمُهُ عَلَيْهِ جُرَآءُ فَتَلَطَّفْتُ لَهُ فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَقُلْتُ مَا أَنْتَ؟ قَالَ أَنَا نَبِيُّ اللهِ فَقُلْتُ وَمَا نَبِيُّ اللهِ؟ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ قَالَ قُلْتُ آللَّهُ أَرْسَلَكَ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قُلْتُ بِأَيِّ شَيْءٍ أَرْسَلَكَ؟ قَالَ بِأَنْ يُوَحَّدَ اللهُ وَلَا يُشْرَكَ بِهِ شَيْءٌ وَكَسْرِ الْأَوْثَانِ وَصِلَةِ الرَّحِمِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ مَنْ مَعَكَ عَلَى هَذَا؟ قَالَ حُرٌّ وَعَبْدٌ أَوْ عَبْدٌ وَحُرٌّ وَإِذَا مَعَهُ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي قُحَافَةَ وَبِلَالٌ مَوْلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ قُلْتُ إِنِّي مُتَّبِعُكَ قَالَ إِنَّكَ لَا تَسْتَطِيعُ ذَلِكَ يَوْمَكَ هَذَا وَلَكِنْ ارْجِعْ إِلَى أَهْلِكَ فَإِذَا سَمِعْتَ بِي قَدْ ظَهَرْتُ فَالْحَقْ بِي قَالَ فَرَجَعْتُ إِلَى أَهْلِي وَقَدْ أَسْلَمْتُ فَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مُهَاجِرًا إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ فَجَعَلْتُ أَتَخَبَّرُ الْأَخْبَارَ حَتَّى جَاءَ رَكَبَةٌ مِنْ يَثْرِبَ فَقُلْتُ مَا هَذَا الْمَكِّيُّ الَّذِي أَتَاكُمْ؟قَالُوا أَرَادَ قَوْمُهُ قَتْلَهُ فَلَمْ يَسْتَطِيعُوا ذَلِكَ وَحِيلَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَبَيْنَهُ وَتَرَكْنَا النَّاسَ سِرَاعًا قَالَ عَمْرُو بْنُ عَبَسَةَ فَرَكِبْتُ رَاحِلَتِي حَتَّى قَدِمْتُ عَلَيْهِ الْمَدِينَةَ فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَتَعْرِفُنِي؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ أَلَسْتَ أَنْتَ الَّذِي أَتَيْتَنِي بِمَكَّةَ؟ قَالَ قُلْتُ بَلَى فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ عَلِّمْنِي مِمَّا عَلَّمَكَ اللهُ وَأَجْهَلُ قَالَ إِذَا صَلَّيْتَ الصُّبْحَ فَأَقْصِرْ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ فَإِذَا طَلَعَتْ فَلَا تُصَلِّ حَتَّى تَرْتَفِعَ فَإِنَّهَا تَطْلُعُ حِينَ تَطْلُعُ بَيْنَ قَرْنَيْ شَيْطَانٍ وَحِينَئِذٍ يَسْجُدُ لَهَا الْكُفَّارُ فَإِذَا ارْتَفَعَتْ قِيدَ رُمْحٍ أَوْ رُمْحَيْنِ فَصَلِّ فَإِنَّ الصَّلَاةَ مَشْهُودَةٌ مَحْضُورَةٌ حَتَّى يَسْتَقِلَّ الرُّمْحُ بِالظِّلِّ ثُمَّ أَقْصِرْ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ فَإِنَّهَا حِينَئِذٍ تُسْجَرُ جَهَنَّمُ فَإِذَا فَاءَ الْفَيْءُ فَصَلِّ فَإِنَّ الصَّلَاةَ مَشْهُودَةٌ مَحْضُورَةٌ حَتَّى تُصَلِّيَ الْعَصْرَ فَإِذَا صَلَّيْتَ الْعَصْرَ فَأَقْصِرْ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ حَتَّى تَغْرُبَ الشَّمْسُ فَإِنَّهَا تَغْرُبُ حِينَ تَغْرُبُ بَيْنَ قَرْنَيْ شَيْطَانٍ وَحِينَئِذٍ يَسْجُدُ لَهَا الْكُفَّارُ قُلْتُ يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الْوُضُوءِ قَالَ مَا مِنْكُمْ مِنْ أَحَدٍ يَقْرَبُ وَضُوءَهُ ثُمَّ يَتَمَضْمَضُ وَيَسْتَنْشِقُ وَيَنْتَثِرُ إِلَّا خَرَّتْ خَطَايَاهُ مِنْ فَمِهِ وَخَيَاشِيمِهِ مَعَ الْمَاءِ حِينَ يَنْتَثِرُ ثُمَّ يَغْسِلُ وَجْهَهُ كَمَا أَمَرَهُ اللهُ تَعَالَى إِلَّا خَرَّتْ

Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Said that al-Qasim ibn Muhammad said, ''I heard Abdullah ibn Abbas say, when a man asked him about a man making an advance on some garments and then wanting to sell them back before taking possession of them, 'That is silver for silver,' and he disapproved of it." Malik said, "Our opinion is - and Allah knows best that was because he wanted to sell them to the person from whom he had bought them for more than the price for which he bought them. Had he sold them to some one other than the person from whom he had purchased them, there would not have been any harm in it." Malik said, "The generally agreed on way of doing things among us concerning making an advance for slaves, cattle or goods is that when all of what is to be sold is described and an advance is made for them for a date, and the date falls due, the buyer does not sell any of that to the person from whom he has purchased it for more than the price which he advanced for it before he has taken full possession of what he has advanced for. It is usury if he does. If the buyer gives the seller dinars or dirhams and he profits with them, then, when the goods come to the buyer and he does not take them into his possession but sells them back to their owner for more than what he advanced for them, the outcome is that what he has advanced has returned to him and has been increased for him." Malik said, "If someone advances gold or silver for described animals or goods which are to be delivered before a named date, and the date arrives, or it is before or after the date, there is no harm in the buyer selling those goods to the seller, for other goods, to be taken immediately and not delayed, no matter how extensive the amount of those goods is, except in the case of food because it is not halal to sell it before he has full possession of it. The buyer can sell those goods to some one other than the person from whom he purchased them for gold or silver or any goods. He takes possession of it and does not defer it because if he defers it, that is ugly and there enters into the transaction what is disapproved of: delay for delay. Delay for delay is to sell a debt against one man for a debt against another man." Malik said, "If someone advances for goods to be delivered after a time, and those goods are neither something to be eaten nor drunk, he can sell them to whomever he likes for cash or goods, before he takes delivery of them, to some one other than the person from whom he purchased them. He must not sell them to the person from whom he bought them except in exchange for goods which he takes possession of immediately and does not defer." Malik said, "If the delivery date for the goods has not arrived, there is no harm in selling them to the original owner for goods which are clearly different and which he takes immediate possession of and does not defer." Malik spoke about the case of a man who advanced dinars or dirhams for four specified pieces of cloth to be delivered before a specified time and when the term fell due, he demanded delivery from the seller and the seller did not have them. He found that the seller had cloth but inferior quality, and the seller said that he would give him eight of those cloths. Malik said, "There is no harm in that if he takes the cloths which he offers him before they separate. It is not good if delayed terms enter into the transaction. It is also not good if that is before the end of the term, unless he sells him cloth which is not the type of cloth for which he made an advance.

سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عَبَّاسٍ وَرَجُلٌ يَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ سَلَّفَ فِي سَبَائِبَ فَأَرَادَ بَيْعَهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقْبِضَهَا فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ تِلْكَ الْوَرِقُ بِالْوَرِقِ وَكَرِهَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ مَالِكٌ وَذَلِكَ فِيمَا نُرَى وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَبِيعَهَا مِنْ صَاحِبِهَا الَّذِي اشْتَرَاهَا مِنْهُ بِأَكْثَرَ مِنَ الثَّمَنِ الَّذِي ابْتَاعَهَا بِهِ وَلَوْ أَنَّهُ بَاعَهَا مِنْ غَيْرِ الَّذِي اشْتَرَاهَا مِنْهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ بِذَلِكَ بَأْسٌ قَالَ مَالِكٌ الأَمْرُ الْمُجْتَمَعُ عَلَيْهِ عِنْدَنَا فِيمَنْ سَلَّفَ فِي رَقِيقٍ أَوْ مَاشِيَةٍ أَوْ عُرُوضٍ فَإِذَا كَانَ كُلُّ شَىْءٍ مِنْ ذَلِكَ مَوْصُوفًا فَسَلَّفَ فِيهِ إِلَى أَجَلٍ فَحَلَّ الأَجَلُ فَإِنَّ الْمُشْتَرِيَ لاَ يَبِيعُ شَيْئًا مِنْ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الَّذِي اشْتَرَاهُ مِنْهُ بِأَكْثَرَ مِنَ الثَّمَنِ الَّذِي سَلَّفَهُ فِيهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقْبِضَ مَا سَلَّفَهُ فِيهِ وَذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ إِذَا فَعَلَهُ فَهُوَ الرِّبَا صَارَ الْمُشْتَرِي إِنْ أَعْطَى الَّذِي بَاعَهُ دَنَانِيرَ أَوْ دَرَاهِمَ فَانْتَفَعَ بِهَا فَلَمَّا حَلَّتْ عَلَيْهِ السِّلْعَةُ وَلَمْ يَقْبِضْهَا الْمُشْتَرِي بَاعَهَا مِنْ صَاحِبِهَا بِأَكْثَرَ مِمَّا سَلَّفَهُ فِيهَا فَصَارَ أَنْ رَدَّ إِلَيْهِ مَا سَلَّفَهُ وَزَادَهُ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ قَالَ مَالِكٌ مَنْ سَلَّفَ ذَهَبًا أَوْ وَرِقًا فِي حَيَوَانٍ أَوْ عُرُوضٍ إِذَا كَانَ مَوْصُوفًا إِلَى أَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى ثُمَّ حَلَّ الأَجَلُ فَإِنَّهُ لاَ بَأْسَ أَنْ يَبِيعَ الْمُشْتَرِي تِلْكَ السِّلْعَةَ مِنَ الْبَائِعِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَحِلَّ الأَجَلُ أَوْ بَعْدَ مَا يَحِلُّ بِعَرْضٍ مِنَ الْعُرُوضِ يُعَجِّلُهُ وَلاَ يُؤَخِّرُهُ بَالِغًا مَا بَلَغَ ذَلِكَ الْعَرْضُ إِلاَّ الطَّعَامَ فَإِنَّهُ لاَ يَحِلُّ أَنْ يَبِيعَهُ حَتَّى يَقْبِضَهُ وَلِلْمُشْتَرِي أَنْ يَبِيعَ تِلْكَ السِّلْعَةَ مِنْ غَيْرِ صَاحِبِهِ الَّذِي ابْتَاعَهَا مِنْهُ بِذَهَبٍ أَوْ وَرِقٍ أَوْ عَرْضٍ مِنَ الْعُرُوضِ يَقْبِضُ ذَلِكَ وَلاَ يُؤَخِّرُهُ لأَنَّهُ إِذَا أَخَّرَ ذَلِكَ قَبُحَ وَدَخَلَهُ مَا يُكْرَهُ مِنَ الْكَالِئِ بِالْكَالِئِ وَالْكَالِئُ بِالْكَالِئِ أَنْ يَبِيعَ الرَّجُلُ دَيْنًا لَهُ عَلَى رَجُلٍ بِدَيْنٍ عَلَى رَجُلٍ آخَرَ قَالَ مَالِكٌ وَمَنْ سَلَّفَ فِي سِلْعَةٍ إِلَى أَجَلٍ وَتِلْكَ السِّلْعَةُ مِمَّا لاَ يُؤْكَلُ وَلاَ يُشْرَبُ فَإِنَّ الْمُشْتَرِيَ يَبِيعُهَا مِمَّنْ شَاءَ بِنَقْدٍ أَوْ عَرْضٍ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَسْتَوْفِيَهَا مِنْ غَيْرِ صَاحِبِهَا الَّذِي اشْتَرَاهَا مِنْهُ وَلاَ يَنْبَغِي لَهُ أَنْ يَبِيعَهَا مِنَ الَّذِي ابْتَاعَهَا مِنْهُ إِلاَّ بِعَرْضٍ يَقْبِضُهُ وَلاَ يُؤَخِّرُهُ قَالَ مَالِكٌ وَإِنْ كَانَتِ السِّلْعَةُ لَمْ تَحِلَّ فَلاَ بَأْسَ بِأَنْ يَبِيعَهَا مِنْ صَاحِبِهَا بِعَرْضٍ مُخَالِفٍ لَهَا بَيِّنٍ خِلاَفُهُ يَقْبِضُهُ وَلاَ يُؤَخِّرُهُ قَالَ مَالِكٌ فِيمَنْ سَلَّفَ دَنَانِيرَ أَوْ دَرَاهِمَ فِي أَرْبَعَةِ أَثْوَابٍ مَوْصُوفَةٍ إِلَى أَجَلٍ فَلَمَّا حَلَّ الأَجَلُ تَقَاضَى صَاحِبَهَا فَلَمْ يَجِدْهَا عِنْدَهُ وَوَجَدَ عِنْدَهُ ثِيَابًا دُونَهَا مِنْ صِنْفِهَا فَقَالَ لَهُ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِ الأَثْوَابُ أُعْطِيكَ بِهَا ثَمَانِيَةَ أَثْوَابٍ مِنْ ثِيَابِي هَذِهِ إِنَّهُ لاَ بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ إِذَا أَخَذَ تِلْكَ الأَثْوَابَ الَّتِي يُعْطِيهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَفْتَرِقَا فَإِنْ دَخَلَ ذَلِكَ الأَجَلُ فَإِنَّهُ لاَ يَصْلُحُ وَإِنْ كَانَ ذَلِكَ قَبْلَ مَحِلِّ الأَجَلِ فَإِنَّهُ لاَ يَصْلُحُ أَيْضًا إِلاَّ أَنْ يَبِيعَهُ ثِيَابًا لَيْسَتْ مِنْ صِنْفِ الثِّيَابِ الَّتِي سَلَّفَهُ فِيهَا

[Machine] Narrated by the Prophet Muhammad, he said, "There is neither 'Fara' nor 'Atirah'. And 'Fara' is the first produce that was brought forth for them, which they used to sacrifice for their idols, and 'Atirah' was practiced in the month of Rajab."

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ لَا فَرَعَ وَلَا عَتِيرَةَ قَالَ وَالْفَرَعُ أَوَّلُ نِتَاجٍ كَانَ يُنْتَجُ لَهُمْ كَانُوا يَذْبَحُونَهُ لِطَوَاغِيتِهِمْ وَالْعَتِيرَةُ فِي رَجَبٍ

Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from Said ibn al-Musayyab and Abu Salama ibn Abd ar-Rahman from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The wound of an animal is of no account and no compensation is due for it. The well is of no account and no compensation is due for it. The mine is of no account and no compensation is due for it and a fifth is due for buried treasures." (Al-kanz: see Book 17). Malik said, "Everyone leading an animal by the halter, driving it, and riding it is responsible for what the animal strikes unless the animal kicks out without anything being done to it to make it kick out. Umar ibn al-Khattab imposed the blood-money on a person who was exercising his horse." Malik said, "It is more fitting that a person leading an animal by the halter, driving it, or riding it incur a loss than a person who is exercising his horse." (See hadith 4 of this book). Malik said, "What is done in our community about a person who digs a well on a road or ties up an animal or does the like of that on a road used by muslims, is that since what he has done is included in that which he is not permitted to do in such a place, he is liable for whatever injury or other thing arises from that action. The blood-money of that which is less than a third of the full blood-money is owed from his own personal property. Whatever reaches a third or more, is owed by his tribe. Any such things that he does which he is permitted to do on the muslims' road are something for which he has no liability or loss. Part of that is a hole which a man digs to collect rain, and the beast from which the man alights for some need and leaves standing on the road. There is no penalty against anyone for this." Malik spoke about a man who went down a well, and another man followed behind him, and the lower one pulled the higher one and they fell into the well and both died He said, "The tribe of the one who pulled him in is responsible for the blood-money." Malik spoke about a child whom a man ordered to go down into a well or to climb a palm tree and he died as a result. He said, "The one who ordered him is liable for whatever befalls him, be it death or something else." Malik said, "The way of doing things in our community about which there is no dispute is that women and children are not obliged to pay blood-money together with the tribe in the blood-moneys which the tribe must pay. The blood-money is only obligatory for a man who has reached puberty." Malik said that the tribe could bind themselves to the blood-money of mawali if they wished. If they refused, they were people of the diwan or were cut off from their people. In the time of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, people paid the blood-money to each other as well as in the time of Abu Bakr as-Siddiq before there was a diwan. The diwan was in the time of Umar ibn al-Khattab. No one other than one's people and the ones holding the wala' paid blood-money for one because the wala' was not transferable and because the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The wala' belongs to the one who sets free." Malik said, "The wala' is an established relationship." Malik said, "What is done in our community about animals that are injured is that the person who causes the injury pays whatever of their value has been diminished." Malik said about a man condemned to death and one of the other hudud befell him, "He is not punished for it. That is because the killing overrides all of that, except for slander. The slander remains hanging over the one to whom it was said because it will be said to him, 'Why do you not flog the one who slandered you?' I think that the condemned man is flogged with the hadd before he is killed, and then he is killed. I do not think that any retaliation is inflicted on him for any injury except killing because killing overrides all of that." Malik said, "What is done in our community is that when a murdered person is found among the main body of a people in a village or other place, the house or place of the nearest people to him is not responsible. That is because the murdered person can be slain and then cast at the door of some people to shame them by it. No one is responsible for the like of that." Malik said about a group of people who fight with each other and when the fight is broken up, a man is found dead or wounded, and it is not known who did it, "The best of what is heard about that is that there is blood-money for him, and the blood-money is against the people who argued with him. If the injured or slain person is not from either of the two parties, his blood-money is against both of the two parties together."

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ جَرْحُ الْعَجْمَاءِ جُبَارٌ وَالْبِئْرُ جُبَارٌ وَالْمَعْدِنُ جُبَارٌ وَفِي الرِّكَازِ الْخُمُسُ۔ قالَ مالِكٌ (٢) وتَفْسِيرُ الجُبارِ أنَّهُ لاَ دِيَةَ فِيهِ. قالَ مالِكٌ: القائِدُ والسّائِقُ والرّاكِبُ، كُلُّهُمْ ضامِنٌ لِما أصابَتِ الدّابَّةُ. إلاَّ أنْ تَرْمَحَ الدّابَّةُ مِن غَيْرِ أنْ يُفْعَلَ بِها شَيْئًا تَرْمَحُ لَهُ. وقَدْ قَضى عُمَرُ بْنُ الخَطّابِ فِي الَّذِي أجْرى فَرَسَهُ بِالعَقْلِ۔ قالَ مالِكٌ: والقائِدُ والسّائِقُ والرّاكِبُ أحْرى أنْ يَغْرَمُوا، مِنَ الَّذِي أجْرى فَرَسَهُ. قالَ مالِكٌ: الأمْرُ عِنْدَنا فِي الَّذِي يَحْفِرُ البِئْرَ عَلى الطَّرِيقِ، أوْ يَرْبِطُ الدّابَّةَ، أوْ يَصْنَعُ أشْباهَ هذا عَلى طَرِيقِ المُسْلِمِينَ، أنَّ ما صَنَعَ مِن ذلِكَ مِمّا لاَ يَجُوزُ لَهُ أنْ يَصْنَعَهُ عَلى طَرِيقِ المُسْلِمِينَ، فَهُوَ ضامِنٌ لِما أُصِيبَ فِي ذلِكَ مِن جَرْحٍ أوْ غَيْرِهِ. فَما كانَ مِن ذلِكَ عَقْلُهُ دُونَ ثُلُثِ الدِّيَةِ، فَهُوَ فِي مالِهِ خاصَّةً. وما بَلَغَ الثُّلُثَ فَصاعِدًا، فَهُوَ عَلى العاقِلَةِ. وما صَنَعَ مِن ذلِكَ مِمّا يَجُورُ لَهُ أنْ يَصْنَعَهُ عَلى طَرِيقِ المُسْلِمِينَ، فَلاَ ضَمانَ عَلَيْهِ فِيهِ، ولاَ غُرْمَ. ومِن ذلِكَ، البِئْرُ يَحْفِرُها الرَّجُلُ لِلْمَطَرِ. أوِ الدّابَّةُ يَنْزِلُ عَنْها الرَّجُلُ لِلْحاجَةِ فَيَقِفُها عَلى الطَّرِيقِ. فَلَيْسَ عَلى أحَدٍ فِي هذا غُرْمٌ. وقالَ مالِكٌ، فِي الرَّجُلِ يَنْزِلُ فِي بِئْرٍ، فَيُدْرِكُهُ رَجُلٌ آخَرُ فِي أثَرِهِ. فَيَجْبِذُ الأسْفَلُ الأعْلى. فَيَخِرّانِ فِي البِئْرِ. فَيَهْلِكانِ جَمِيعًا: إنَّ عَلى عاقِلَةِ الَّذِي جَبَذَهُ، الدِّيَةَ. قالَ مالِكٌ، فِي الصَّبِيِّ يَأْمُرُهُ الرَّجُلُ يَنْزِلُ فِي البِئْرِ، أوْ يَرْقى فِي النَّخْلَةِ، فَيَهْلِكُ فِي ذلِكَ: أنَّ الَّذِي أمَرَهُ ضامِنٌ لِما أصابَهُ مِن هَلاَكٍ أوْ غَيْرِهِ. قالَ مالِكٌ: الأمْرُ الَّذِي لاَ اخْتِلاَفَ فِيهِ عِنْدَنا أنَّهُ لَيْسَ عَلى النِّساءِ والصِّبْيانِ عَقْلٌ يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِمْ أنْ يَعْقِلُوهُ مَعَ العاقِلَةِ فِيما تَعْقِلُهُ العاقِلَةُ مِنَ الدِّياتِ. وإنَّما يَجِبُ العَقْلُ عَلى مَن بَلَغَ الحُلُمَ مِنَ الرِّجالِ. وقالَ مالِكٌ: عَقْلُ المَوالِي تُلْزَمُهُ العاقِلَةُ إنْ شاؤُا. وإنْ أبَوْا كانُوا أهْلَ دِيوانٍ أوْ مُقْطَعِينَ. وقَدْ تَعاقَلَ النّاسُ فِي زَمانِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ. وفِي زَمانِ أبِي بَكْرٍ، قَبْلَ أنْ يَكُونَ دِيوانٌ. وإنَّما كانَ الدِّيَوانُ فِي زَمَنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ الخَطّابِ. فَلَيْسَ لِأحَدٍ أنْ يَعْقِلَ عَنْهُ غَيْرُ قَوْمِهِ ومَوالِيهِ. لِأنَّ الوَلاَءَ لاَ يَنْتَقِلُ. ولِأنَّ النِّبِيَّ ﷺ قالَ: الوَلاَءُ لِمَن أعْتَقَ قالَ مالِكٌ: فالوَلاَءُ نَسَبٌ ثابِتٌ. وقالَ مالِكٌ: والأمْرُ عِنْدَنا فِيما أُصِيبَ مِنَ البَهائِمِ؛ أنَّ عَلى مَن أصابَ مِنها شَيْئًا، قَدْرَ ما نَقَصَ مِن ثَمَنِها. قالَ مالِكٌ:، فِي الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ عَلَيْهِ القَتْلُ. فَيُصِيبُ حَدّا مِنَ الحُدُودِ: أنَّهُ لاَ يُؤْخَذُ بِهِ. وأنَّ القَتْلَ يَأْتِي عَلى ذلِكَ كُلِّهِ، إلاَّ الفِرْيَةَ. فَإنَّها تَثْبُتُ عَلى مَن قِيلَتْ لَهُ. يُقالُ لَهُ: ما لَكَ لَمْ تَجْلِدْ مَنِ افْتَرى عَلَيْكَ؟ فَأرى أنْ يُجْلَدَ المَقْتُولُ الحَدَّ مِن قَبْلِ أنْ يُقْتَلَ. ولاَ أرى أنْ يُقادَ مِنهُ فِي شَيْءٍ مِنَ الجِراحِ إلاَّ القَتْلَ لِأنَّ القَتْلَ يَأْتِي عَلى ذلِكَ كُلِّهِ. قالَ مالِكٌ: الأمْرُ عِنْدَنا أنَّ القَتِيلَ إذا وُجِدَ بَيْنَ ظَهْرَيْ (١) قَوْمٍ فِي قَرْيَةٍ أوْ غَيْرِها. لَمْ يُؤْخَذْ أقْرَبُ النّاسِ إلَيْهِ دارًا، ولاَ مَكانًا. وذلِكَ أنَّهُ قَدْ يُقْتَلُ القَتِيلُ. ثُمَّ يُلْقى عَلى بابِ قَوْمٍ لِيُلَطَّخُوا بِهِ. فَلَيْسَ يُؤْخَذُ أحَدٌ بِمِثْلِ ذلِكَ. قالَ مالِكٌ، فِي جَماعَةٍ مِنَ النّاسِ اقْتَتَلُوا. فانْكَشَفُوا. وبَيْنَهُمْ قَتِيلٌ أوْ جَرِيحٌ. لاَ يُدْرى مَن فَعَلَ ذلِكَ بِهِ: إنَّ أحْسَنَ ما سُمِعَ فِي ذلِكَ أنَّ فِيهِ العَقْلَ. وأنَّ عَقْلَهُ عَلى القَوْمِ الَّذِينَ نازَعُوهُ. وإنْ كانَ القَتِيلُ أوِ الجَرِيحُ مِن غَيْرِ الفَرِيقَيْنِ، فَعَقْلُهُ عَلى الفَرِيقَيْنِ جَمِيعًا.

I went out (on a mercantile venture) during the period (of truce) between me and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. While I was in Syria, the letter of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was handed over to Hiraql (Ceasar), the Emperor of Rome (who was on a visit to Jerusalem at that time). The letter was brought by Dihya Kalbi who delivered it to the governor of Busra The governor passed it on to Hiraql, (On receiving the letter), he said: Is there anyone from the people of this man who thinks that he is a prophet? People said: Yes. So, I was called along with a few others from the Quraish. We were admitted to Hiraql and he seated us before him.

He asked: Which of you has closer kinship with the man who thinks that he is a prophet? Abu Sufyan said: I. So they seated me in front of him and stated my companions behind me. Then, he called his interpreter and said to him: Tell them that I am going to ask this fellow (i. e. Abu Sufyan) about the man who thinks that he is a prophet. If he tells me a lie, then refute him. Abu Sufyan told (the narrator): By God, if there was not the fear that falsehood would be imputed to me I would have lied.

1. (Then) Hiraql said to his interpreter: Inquire from him about his ancestry, I said: He is of good ancestry among us. He asked: Has there been a king among his ancestors? I said: No.
2. He asked: Did you accuse him of falsehood before he proclaimed his prophethood? I said: No.
3. He asked: Who are his followers people of high status or low status? I said: (They are) of low status.
4. He asked: Are they increasing in number or decreasing? I said. No. they are rather increasing.
5. He asked: Does anyone give up his religion, being dissatisfied with it, after having embraced it? I said: No.
6. He asked: Have you been at war with him? I said: Yes.
7. He asked: How did you fare in that war? I said: The war between us and him has been wavering like a bucket, up at one turn and down at the other (i. e. the victory has been shared between us and him by turns). Sometimes he suffered loss at our hands and sometimes we suffered loss at his (hand).
8. He asked: Has he (ever) violated his covenant? I said: No. but we have recently concluded a peace treaty with him for a period and we do not know what he is going to do about it. (Abu Sufyan said on oath that he could not interpolate in this dialogue anything from himself more than these words )
9. He asked: Did anyone make the proclamation (of prophethood) before him? I said: No.

He (now) said to his interpreter:

1. Tell him, I asked him about his ancestry and he had replied that he had the best ancestry. This is the case with Prophets; they are the descendants of the noblest among their people (Addressing Abu Sufyan),
2. he continued: I asked you if there had been a king among his ancestors. You said that there had been none. If there had been a king among his ancestors, I would have said that he was a man demanding his ancestral kingdom.
3. I asked you about his followers and whether they were people of high or low status, and you said that they were of rather low status. Such are the followers of the Prophets.
4. I asked you whether you used to accuse him of falsehood before he proclaimed his prophethood, and you said that you did not. So I have understood that when he did not allow himself to tell a lie about the poeple, he would never go to the length of forging a falsehood about Allah.
5. I asked you whether anyone renounced his religion after being dissatisfied with it after he had embraced it, and you replied in the negative. Faith is like this when it enters the depth of the heart (it perpetuates them).
6. I asked you whether his followers were increasing or decreasing. You said they were increasing. Faith is like this until it reaches its consummation.
7. I asked you whether you had been at war with him, and you replied that you had been and that the victory between you and him had been shared by turns, sometimes he suffering loss at your hand and sometimes you suffering lost at his. This is how the Prophets are tried before the final victory its theirs.
8. I asked you whether he (ever) violated his covenant, and you said that he did not. This is how the Prophets behave. They never violate (their covenants).
9. I asked you whether anyone before him had proclaimed the same thing, and you replied in the negative. I said: If anyone had made the same proclamation before, I would have thought that he was a man following what had been proclaimed before.

(Then) he asked: What does he enjoin upon you? I said: He exhorts us to offer Salat, to pay Zakat, to show due regard to kinship and to practice chastity. He said: It what you have told about him is true, he is certainly a Prophet. I knew that he was to appear but I did not think that he would be from among you. If I knew that I would be able to reach him. I would love to meet him; and if I had been with him I would have washed his feet (out of reverence). His dominion would certainly extend to this place which is under my feet. Then he called for the letter of the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) and read it. The letter ran as follows:" In the name of Allah, Most Gracious and Most Merciful. From Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah, to Hiraql, the Emperor of the Romans. Peace be upon him who follows the guidance. After this, I extend to you the invitation to accept Islam. Embrace Islam and you will be safe. Accept Islam, God will give you double the reward. And if you turn away, upon you will be the sin of your subjects." O People of the Book, come to the word that is common between us that we should worship none other than Allah, should not ascribe any partner to Him and some of us should not take their fellows as Lords other than Allah. If they turn away, you should say that we testify to our being Muslims [iii. 64]." When he hid finished the reading of the letter, noise and confused clamour was raise around him, and he ordered us to leave. Accordingly, we left. (Addressing my companions) while we were coming out (of the place). I said: Ibn Abu Kabsha (referring sarcastically to the Holy Prophet) has come to wield great power. Lo! (even) the king of the Romans is afraid of him. I continued to believe that the authority of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ would triumph until God imbued me with (the spirit of) Islam.

انْطَلَقْتُ فِي الْمُدَّةِ الَّتِي كَانَتْ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ فَبَيْنَا أَنَا بِالشَّأْمِ إِذْ جِيءَ بِكِتَابٍ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى هِرَقْلَ يَعْنِي عَظِيمَ الرُّومِ قَالَ وَكَانَ دِحْيَةُ الْكَلْبِيُّ جَاءَ بِهِ فَدَفَعَهُ إِلَى عَظِيمِ بُصْرَى فَدَفَعَهُ عَظِيمُ بُصْرَى إِلَى هِرَقْلَ فَقَالَ هِرَقْلُ هَلْ هَا هُنَا أَحَدٌ مِنْ قَوْمِ هَذَا الرَّجُلِ الَّذِي يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ نَبِيٌّ قَالُوا نَعَمْ قَالَ فَدُعِيتُ فِي نَفَرٍ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ فَدَخَلْنَا عَلَى هِرَقْلَ فَأَجْلَسَنَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَقَالَ أَيُّكُمْ أَقْرَبُ نَسَبًا مِنْ هَذَا الرَّجُلِ الَّذِي يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ نَبِيٌّ فَقَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَقُلْتُ أَنَا فَأَجْلَسُونِي بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَأَجْلَسُوا أَصْحَابِي خَلْفِي ثُمَّ دَعَا بِتَرْجُمَانِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ قُلْ لَهُمْ إِنِّي سَائِلٌ هَذَا عَنِ الرَّجُلِ الَّذِي يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ نَبِيٌّ فَإِنْ كَذَبَنِي فَكَذِّبُوهُ قَالَ فَقَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ وَايْمُ اللَّهِ لَوْلاَ مَخَافَةَ أَنْ يُؤْثَرَ عَلَىَّ الْكَذِبُ لَكَذَبْتُ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِتَرْجُمَانِهِ سَلْهُ كَيْفَ حَسَبُهُ فِيكُمْ قَالَ قُلْتُ هُوَ فِينَا ذُو حَسَبٍ قَالَ فَهَلْ كَانَ مِنْ آبَائِهِ مَلِكٌ قُلْتُ لاَ قَالَ فَهَلْ كُنْتُمْ تَتَّهِمُونَهُ بِالْكَذِبِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقُولَ مَا قَالَ قُلْتُ لاَ قَالَ وَمَنْ يَتَّبِعُهُ أَشْرَافُ النَّاسِ أَمْ ضُعَفَاؤُهُمْ قَالَ قُلْتُ بَلْ ضُعَفَاؤُهُمْ قَالَ أَيَزِيدُونَ أَمْ يَنْقُصُونَ قَالَ قُلْتُ لاَ بَلْ يَزِيدُونَ قَالَ هَلْ يَرْتَدُّ أَحَدٌ مِنْهُمْ عَنْ دِينِهِ بَعْدَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ فِيهِ سَخْطَةً لَهُ قَالَ قُلْتُ لاَ قَالَ فَهَلْ قَاتَلْتُمُوهُ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَكَيْفَ كَانَ قِتَالُكُمْ إِيَّاهُ قَالَ قُلْتُ تَكُونُ الْحَرْبُ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَهُ سِجَالاً يُصِيبُ مِنَّا وَنُصِيبُ مِنْهُ قَالَ فَهَلْ يَغْدِرُ قُلْتُ لاَ وَنَحْنُ مِنْهُ فِي مُدَّةٍ لاَ نَدْرِي مَا هُوَ صَانِعٌ فِيهَا قَالَ فَوَاللَّهِ مَا أَمْكَنَنِي مِنْ كَلِمَةٍ أُدْخِلُ فِيهَا شَيْئًا غَيْرَ هَذِهِ قَالَ فَهَلْ قَالَ هَذَا الْقَوْلَ أَحَدٌ قَبْلَهُ قَالَ قُلْتُ لاَ قَالَ لِتَرْجُمَانِهِ قُلْ لَهُ إِنِّي سَأَلْتُكَ عَنْ حَسَبِهِ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنَّهُ فِيكُمْ ذُو حَسَبٍ وَكَذَلِكَ الرُّسُلُ تُبْعَثُ فِي أَحْسَابِ قَوْمِهَا وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ كَانَ فِي آبَائِهِ مَلِكٌ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنْ لاَ فَقُلْتُ لَوْ كَانَ مِنْ آبَائِهِ مَلِكٌ قُلْتُ رَجُلٌ يَطْلُبُ مُلْكَ آبَائِهِ وَسَأَلْتُكَ عَنْ أَتْبَاعِهِ أَضُعَفَاؤُهُمْ أَمْ أَشْرَافُهُمْ فَقُلْتَ بَلْ ضُعَفَاؤُهُمْ وَهُمْ أَتْبَاعُ الرُّسُلِ وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ كُنْتُمْ تَتَّهِمُونَهُ بِالْكَذِبِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقُولَ مَا قَالَ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنْ لاَ فَقَدْ عَرَفْتُ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِيَدَعَ الْكَذِبَ عَلَى النَّاسِ ثُمَّ يَذْهَبَ فَيَكْذِبَ عَلَى اللَّهِ وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ يَرْتَدُّ أَحَدٌ مِنْهُمْ عَنْ دِينِهِ بَعْدَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَهُ سَخْطَةً لَهُ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنْ لاَ وَكَذَلِكَ الإِيمَانُ إِذَا خَالَطَ بَشَاشَةَ الْقُلُوبِ وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ يَزِيدُونَ أَوْ يَنْقُصُونَ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنَّهُمْ يَزِيدُونَ وَكَذَلِكَ الإِيمَانُ حَتَّى يَتِمَّ وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ قَاتَلْتُمُوهُ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنَّكُمْ قَدْ قَاتَلْتُمُوهُ فَتَكُونُ الْحَرْبُ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَهُ سِجَالاً يَنَالُ مِنْكُمْ وَتَنَالُونَ مِنْهُ وَكَذَلِكَ الرُّسُلُ تُبْتَلَى ثُمَّ تَكُونُ لَهُمُ الْعَاقِبَةُ وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ يَغْدِرُ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنَّهُ لاَ يَغْدِرُ وَكَذَلِكَ الرُّسُلُ لاَ تَغْدِرُ وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ قَالَ هَذَا الْقَوْلَ أَحَدٌ قَبْلَهُ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنْ لاَ فَقُلْتُ لَوْ قَالَ هَذَا الْقَوْلَ أَحَدٌ قَبْلَهُ قُلْتُ رَجُلٌ ائْتَمَّ بِقَوْلٍ قِيلَ قَبْلَهُ قَالَ ثُمَّ قَالَ بِمَ يَأْمُرُ كُمْ قُلْتُ يَأْمُرُنَا بِالصَّلاَةِ وَالزَّكَاةِ وَالصِّلَةِ وَالْعَفَافِ قَالَ إِنْ يَكُنْ مَا تَقُولُ فِيهِ حَقًّا فَإِنَّهُ نَبِيٌّ وَقَدْ كُنْتُ أَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ خَارِجٌ وَلَمْ أَكُنْ أَظُنُّهُ مِنْكُمْ وَلَوْ أَنِّي أَعْلَمُ أَنِّي أَخْلُصُ إِلَيْهِ لأَحْبَبْتُ لِقَاءَهُ وَلَوْ كُنْتُ عِنْدَهُ لَغَسَلْتُ عَنْ قَدَمَيْهِ وَلَيَبْلُغَنَّ مُلْكُهُ مَا تَحْتَ قَدَمَىَّ قَالَ ثُمَّ دَعَا بِكِتَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَرَأَهُ فَإِذَا فِيهِ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ إِلَى هِرَقْلَ عَظِيمِ الرُّومِ سَلاَمٌ عَلَى مَنِ اتَّبَعَ الْهُدَى أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنِّي أَدْعُوكَ بِدِعَايَةِ الإِسْلاَمِ أَسْلِمْ تَسْلَمْ وَأَسْلِمْ يُؤْتِكَ اللَّهُ أَجْرَكَ مَرَّتَيْنِ وَإِنْ تَوَلَّيْتَ فَإِنَّ عَلَيْكَ إِثْمَ الأَرِيسِيِّينَ وَ { يَا أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ تَعَالَوْا إِلَى كَلِمَةٍ سَوَاءٍ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكُمْ أَنْ لاَ نَعْبُدَ إِلاَّ اللَّهَ وَلاَ نُشْرِكَ بِهِ شَيْئًا وَلاَ يَتَّخِذَ بَعْضُنَا بَعْضًا أَرْبَابًا مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ فَإِنْ تَوَلَّوْا فَقُولُوا اشْهَدُوا بِأَنَّا مُسْلِمُونَ} فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ قِرَاءَةِ الْكِتَابِ ارْتَفَعَتِ الأَصْوَاتُ عِنْدَهُ وَكَثُرَ اللَّغْطُ وَأَمَرَ بِنَا فَأُخْرِجْنَا قَالَ فَقُلْتُ لأَصْحَابِي حِينَ خَرَجْنَا لَقَدْ أَمِرَ أَمْرُ ابْنِ أَبِي كَبْشَةَ إِنَّهُ لَيَخَافُهُ مَلِكُ بَنِي الأَصْفَرِ قَالَ فَمَا زِلْتُ مُوقِنًا بِأَمْرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ سَيَظْهَرُ حَتَّى أَدْخَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَىَّ الإِسْلاَمَ

Messenger of Allah ﷺ wrote to Caesar and invited him to Islam and sent him his letter with Dihya Al-Kalbi whom Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered to hand it over to the Governor of Busra who would forward it to Caesar. Caesar as a sign of gratitude to Allah, had walked from Hims to Ilya (i.e. Jerusalem) when Allah had granted Him victory over the Persian forces. So, when the letter of Messenger of Allah ﷺ reached Caesar, he said after reading it, 'Seek for me any one of his people! (Arabs of Quraish tribe) if present here, in order to ask him about Messenger of Allah ﷺ. At that time Abu Sufyan bin Harb was in Sham with some men from Quraish who had come (to Sham) as merchants during the truce that had been concluded between Messenger of Allah ﷺ; and the infidels of Quraish. Abu Sufyan said, Caesar's messenger found us somewhere in Sham so he took me and my companions to Ilya and we were admitted into Ceasar's court to find him sitting in his royal court wearing a crown and surrounded by the senior dignitaries of the Byzantine. He said to his translator. 'Ask them who amongst them is a close relation to the man who claims to be a prophet." Abu Sufyan added, "I replied, 'I am the nearest relative to him.' He asked, 'What degree of relationship do you have with him?' I replied, 'He is my cousin,' and there was none of Bani Abu Manaf in the caravan except myself. Caesar said, 'Let him come nearer.' He then ordered that my companions stand behind me near my shoulder and said to his translator, 'Tell his companions that I am going to ask this man about the man who claims to be a prophet. If he tells a lie, they should contradict him immediately." Abu Sufyan added, "By Allah! Had it not been shameful that my companions label me a liar, I would not have spoken the truth about him when he asked me. But I considered it shameful to be called a liar by my companions. So I told the truth. He then said to his translator, 'Ask him what kind of family does he belong to.' I replied, 'He belongs to a noble family amongst us.' He said, 'Have anybody else amongst you ever claimed the same before him? 'I replied, 'No.' He said, 'Had you ever blamed him for telling lies before he claimed what he claimed? ' I replied, 'No.' He said, 'Was anybody amongst his ancestors a king?' I replied, 'No.' He said, "Do the noble or the poor follow him?' I replied, 'It is the poor who follow him.' He said, 'Are they increasing or decreasing (day by day)?' I replied,' They are increasing.' He said, 'Does anybody amongst those who embrace his (the Prophet's) Religion become displeased and then discard his Religion?'. I replied, 'No. ' He said, 'Does he break his promises? I replied, 'No, but we are now at truce with him and we are afraid that he may betray us." Abu Sufyan added, "Other than the last sentence, I could not say anything against him. Caesar then asked, 'Have you ever had a war with him?' I replied, 'Yes.' He said, 'What was the outcome of your battles with him?' I replied, 'The result was unstable; sometimes he was victorious and sometimes we.' He said, 'What does he order you to do?' I said, 'He tells us to worship Allah alone, and not to worship others along with Him, and to leave all that our fore-fathers used to worship. He orders us to pray, give in charity, be chaste, keep promises and return what is entrusted to us.' When I had said that, Caesar said to his translator, 'Say to him: I ask you about his lineage and your reply was that he belonged to a noble family. In fact, all the apostles came from the noblest lineage of their nations. Then I questioned you whether anybody else amongst you had claimed such a thing, and your reply was in the negative. If the answer had been in the affirmative, I would have thought that this man was following a claim that had been said before him. When I asked you whether he was ever blamed for telling lies, your reply was in the negative, so I took it for granted that a person who did not tell a lie about (others) the people could never tell a lie about Allah. Then I asked you whether any of his ancestors was a king. Your reply was in the negative, and if it had been in the affirmative, I would have thought that this man wanted to take back his ancestral kingdom. When I asked you whether the rich or the poor people followed him, you replied that it was the poor who followed him. In fact, such are the followers of the apostles. Then I asked you whether his followers were increasing or decreasing. You replied that they were increasing. In fact, this is the result of true faith till it is complete (in all respects). I asked you whether there was anybody who, after embracing his religion, became displeased and discarded his religion; your reply was in the negative. In fact, this is the sign of true faith, for when its cheerfulness enters and mixes in the hearts completely, nobody will be displeased with it. I asked you whether he had ever broken his promise. You replied in the negative. And such are the apostles; they never break their promises. When I asked you whether you fought with him and he fought with you, you replied that he did, and that sometimes he was victorious and sometimes you. Indeed, such are the apostles; they are put to trials and the final victory is always theirs. Then I asked you what he ordered you. You replied that he ordered you to worship Allah alone and not to worship others along with Him, to leave all that your fore-fathers used to worship, to offer prayers, to speak the truth, to be chaste, to keep promises, and to return what is entrusted to you. These are really the qualities of a prophet who, I knew (from the previous Scriptures) would appear, but I did not know that he would be from amongst you. If what you say should be true, he will very soon occupy the earth under my feet, and if I knew that I would reach him definitely, I would go immediately to meet Him; and were I with him, then I would certainly wash his feet.' " Abu Sufyan added, "Caesar then asked for the letter of Messenger of Allah ﷺ and it was read. Its contents were: "In the name of Allah, the most Beneficent, the most Merciful (This letter is) from Muhammad, the slave of Allah, and His Apostle, to Heraculius, the Ruler of the Byzantine. Peace be upon the followers of guidance. Now then, I invite you to Islam (i.e. surrender to Allah), embrace Islam and you will be safe; embrace Islam and Allah will bestow on you a double reward. But if you reject this invitation of Islam, you shall be responsible for misguiding the tillers (i.e. your nation). O people of the Scriptures! Come to a word common to you and us and you, that we worship. None but Allah, and that we associate nothing in worship with Him; and that none of us shall take others as Lords besides Allah. Then if they turn away, say: Bear witness that we are (they who have surrendered (unto Him)..(3.64) Abu Sufyan added, "When Heraclius had finished his speech, there was a great hue and cry caused by the Byzantine Royalties surrounding him, and there was so much noise that I did not understand what they said. So, we were turned out of the court. When I went out with my companions and we were alone, I said to them, 'Verily, Ibn Abi Kabsha's (i.e. the Prophet's) affair has gained power. This is the King of Bani Al-Asfar fearing him." Abu Sufyan added, "By Allah, I remained low and was sure that his religion would be victorious till Allah converted me to Islam, though I disliked it." (Using translation from Bukhārī 2940)

أَنَّهُ كَانَ بِالشَّامِ فِي رِجَالٍ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ قَدِمُوا تُجَّارًا وَذَلِكَ فِي الْمُدَّةِ الَّتِي كَانَتْ بَيْنَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَبَيْنَ كُفَّارِ قُرَيْشٍ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَأَتَى رَسُولُ قَيْصَرَ فَانْطَلَقَ بِي وَبِأَصْحَابِي حَتَّى قَدِمْنَا إِيلِيَّا فَدَخَلْنَا عَلَيْهِ فَإِذَا هُوَ جَالِسٌ فِي مَجْلِسِ مُلْكِهِ عَلَيْهِ التَّاجُ وَإِذَا حَوْلَهُ عُظَمَاءُ الرُّومِ فَقَالَ لِتَرْجُمَانِهِ سَلْهُمْ أَيُّهُمْ أَقْرَبُ نَسَبًا إِلَى هَذَا الرَّجُلِ الَّذِي يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ نَبِيٌّ؟ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ قُلْتُ أَنَا أَقْرَبُهُمْ إِلَيْهِ نَسَبًا قَالَ مَا قَرَابَةُ مَا بَيْنَكَ وَبَيْنَهُ قُلْتُ وَابْنُ عَمِّي قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ وَلَيْسَ فِي الرَّكْبِ يَوْمَئِذٍ مِنْ بَنِي عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ غَيْرِي قَالَ قَيْصَرُ ادْنُوهُ مِنِّي ثُمَّ أَمَرَ أَصْحَابِي فَجَعَلُوا خَلْفَ ظَهْرِي عِنْدَ كَتِفَيَّ ثُمَّ قَالَ قَيْصَرُ لِتَرْجُمَانِهِ قُلْ لِأَصْحَابِهِ إِنِّي سَائِلٌ هَذَا عَنِ الرَّجُلِ الَّذِي يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ نَبِيٌّ فَإِنْ كَذَبَ فَكَذِّبُوهُ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَلَوْلَا الِاسْتِحْيَاءُ يَوْمَئِذٍ أَنْ يَأْثُرَ أَصْحَابِي عَنِّي الْكَذِبَ لَكَذَبْتُهُ عَنْهُ حِينَ سَأَلَنِي وَلَكِنِّي اسْتَحْيَيْتُ أَنْ يَأْثُرُوا عَنِّي الْكَذِبَ فَصَدَقْتُهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ قَيْصَرُ لِتَرْجُمَانِهِ قُلْ لَهُ كَيْفَ نَسَبُ هَذَا الرَّجُلِ فِيكُمْ؟ قُلْتُ هُوَ فِينَا ذُو نَسَبٍ قَالَ فَهَلْ قَالَ هَذَا الْقَوْلَ مِنْكُمْ أَحَدٌ قَطُّ؟ قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ فَهَلْ كُنْتُمْ تَتَّهِمُونَهُ فِي الْكَذِبِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقُولَ مَا قَالَ؟ قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ فَهَلْ كَانَ أَحَدٌ مِنْ آبَائِهِ مَلِكًا؟ قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ فَأَشْرَافُ النَّاسِ اتَّبَعُوهُ أَمْ ضُعَفَاؤُهُمْ؟ قُلْتُ بَلْ ضُعَفَاؤُهُمْ قَالَ يَزِيدُونَ أَمْ يَنْقُصُونَ؟ قُلْتُ بَلْ يَزِيدُونَ قَالَ فَهَلْ يَرْتَدُّ أَحَدٌ مِنْهُمْ سَخْطَةً لِدِينِهِ بَعْدَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ فِيهِ؟ قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ فَهَلْ يَغْدِرُ؟ قُلْتُ نَحْنُ مِنْهُ فِي مُدَّةٍ الْآنَ وَنَحْنُ نَخَافُ ذَلِكَ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ وَلَمْ يُمْكِننِّي كَلِمَةٌ أُدْخِلُ فِيهَا شَيْئًا أَنْتَقِصُهُ بِهِ لَا أَخَافُ أَنْ يُؤْثَرَ عَنِّي غَيْرَهَا قَالَ فَهَلْ قَاتَلْتُمُوهُ وَقَاتَلَكُمْ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَكَيْفَ حَرْبُهُ وَحَرْبُكُمْ؟ قُلْتُ كَانَتْ دُوَلًا وَسِجَالًا يُدَالُ عَلَيْنَا الْمَرَّةَ وَنُدَالُ عَلَيْهِ الْأُخْرَى قَالَ فَمَاذَا يَأْمُرُكُمْ بِهِ؟ قُلْتُ يأمُرُنَا أَنْ نَعْبُدَ اللهَ وَحْدَهُ وَلَا نُشْرِكَ بِهِ شَيْئًا وَيَنْهَانَا أَنْ نَعْبُدَ مَا يَعْبُدُ آبَاؤُنَا وَأَمَرَنَا بِالصَّلَاةِ وَالصَّدَقَةِ وَالْعَفَافِ وَالْوَفَاءِ بِالْعَهْدِ وَأَدَاءِ الْأَمَانَةِ قَالَ فَقَالَ لِتَرْجُمَانِهِ حِينَ قُلْتُ ذَلِكَ لَهُ قُلْ لَهُ إِنِّي سَأَلْتُكَ عَنْ نَسَبِهِ فِيكُمْ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنَّهُ فِيكُمْ ذُو نَسَبٍ وَكَذَلِكَ الرُّسُلُ تُبْعَثُ فِي شَرَفِ قَوْمِهَا وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ قَالَ هَذَا الْقَوْلَ أَحَدٌ مِنْ آبَائِهِ؟ قُلْتَ لَا فَقُلْتُ لَوْ كَانَ أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ قَالَ هَذَا الْقَوْلَ قُلْتُ رَجُلٌ ائْتَمَّ بِقَوْلِ قَائِلٍ قَبْلَهُ وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ كُنْتُمْ تَتَّهِمُونَهُ بِالْكَذِبِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقُولَ مَا قَالَ؟ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنْ لَا فَقَدْ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَدَعُ الْكَذِبَ عَلَى النَّاسِ وَيَكْذِبُ عَلَى اللهِ وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ كَانَ مِنْ آبَائِهِ قَبْلُ مَلِكٌ؟ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنْ لَا فَقُلْتُ لَوْ كَانَ مِنْ آبَائِهِ مَلِكٌ قُلْتُ رَجُلٌ يَطْلُبُ مُلْكَ آبَائِهِ وَسَأَلْتُكَ أَشْرَافُ النَّاسِ يَتَّبِعُونَهُ أَمْ ضُعَفَاؤُهُمْ؟ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنَّ ضُعَفَاءَهُمْ أَتْبَاعُهُ وَكَذَلِكَ أَتْبَاعُ الرُّسُلِ وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ يَزِيدُونَ أَمْ يَنْقُصُونَ؟ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنَّهُمْ يَزِيدُونَ وَكَذَلِكَ الْإِيمَانُ وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ يَرْتَدُّ أَحَدٌ مِنْهُمْ سَخْطَةً لِدِينِهِ بَعْدَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ فِيهِ؟ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنْ لَا وَكَذَلِكَ الْإِيمَانُ حِينَ يُخَالِطُ بَشَاشَةَ الْقُلُوبِ لَا يَسْخَطُهُ أَحَدٌ وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ يَغْدِرُ؟ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنْ لَا وَكَذَلِكَ الرُّسُلُ لَا تَغْدِرُ وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ قَاتَلْتُمُوهُ وَقَاتَلَكُمْ؟ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنَّهُ قَدْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ وَأَنَّ حَرْبَكُمْ وَحَرْبَهُ يَكُونُ دُوَلًا يُدَالُ عَلَيْكُمُ الْمَرَّةَ وَتُدَالُونَ عَلَيْهِ الْأُخْرَى وَكَذَلِكَ الرُّسُلُ ثُمَّ تَكُونُ لَهُمُ الْعَاقِبَةُ وَسَأَلْتُكَ بِمَ يَأْمُرُكُمْ؟ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنَّهُ يَأْمُرُكُمْ أَنْ تَعْبُدُوا اللهَ وَحْدَهُ وَلَا تُشْرِكُوا بِهِ وَيَنْهَاكُمْ عَمَّا كَانَ يَعْبُدُ آبَاؤُكُمْ وَيَأْمُرُكُمْ بِالصَّلَاةِ وَالصَّدَقَةِ وَالْعَفَافِ وَأَدَاءِ الْأَمَانَةِ وَهُوَ نَبِيٌّ وَقَدْ كُنْتُ أَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ خَارِجٌ وَلَكِنْ لَمْ أَكُنْ أَظُنُّهُ مِنْكُمْ وَإِنْ يَكُ مَا قُلْتُ حَقًّا يُوشِكُ أَنْ يَمْلِكَ مَوْضِعَ قَدَمَيَّ هَاتَيْنِ وَاللهِ لَوْ أَرْجُو أَنْ أَخْلُصَ إِلَيْهِ لَتَجَشَّمْتُ لُقِيَّهُ وَلَغَسَلْتُ قَدَمَيْهِ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَدَعَا بِكِتَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَمَرَ بِهِ فَقُرِئَ فَإِذَا فِيهِ بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدِ اللهِ وَرَسُولِهِ إِلَى هِرَقْلَ عَظِيمِ الرُّومِ سَلَامٌ عَلَى مَنِ اتَّبَعَ الْهُدَى أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنِّي أَدْعُوكَ بِدُعَاءِ الْإِسْلَامِ أَسْلِمْ تَسْلَمْ وَأَسْلِمْ يُؤْتِكَ اللهُ أَجْرَكَ مَرَّتَيْنِ فَإِنْ تَوَلَّيْتَ فَإِنَّ عَلَيْكَ إِثْمَ الْأَرِيسِيِّينَ وَ {يَا أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ تَعَالَوْا إِلَى كَلِمَةٍ سَوَاءٍ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكُمْ أَلَّا نَعْبُدَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَلَا نُشْرِكَ بِهِ شَيْئًا وَلَا يَتَّخِذَ بَعْضُنَا بَعْضًا أَرْبَابًا مِنْ دُونِ اللهُ فَإِنْ تَوَلَّوْا فَقُولُوا اشْهَدُوا بِأَنَّا مُسْلِمُونَ} قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَلَمَّا قَضَى مَقَالَتَهُ عَلَتْ أَصْوَاتُ الَّذِينَ حَوْلَهُ مِنْ عُظَمَاءِ الرُّومِ وَكَثُرَ لَغَطُهُمْ فَلَا أَدْرِي مَاذَا يَقُولُونَ قَالَ فَأَمَرَ بِنَا فَأُخْرِجْنَا فَلَمَّا خَرَجْتُ وَمَعِي أَصْحَابِي وَخَلَصْتُ قُلْتُ لَقَدِ ارْتَفَعَ أَمْرُ ابْنِ أَبِي كَبْشَةَ هَذَا مَلِكُ بَنِي الْأَصْفَرِ يَخَافُهُ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَوَاللهِ مَا زِلْتُ ذَلِيلًا مُسْتَيْقِنًا أَنَّ أَمَرَهُ سَيَظْهَرُ حَتَّى أَدْخَلَ اللهُ عَلَيَّ الْإِسْلَامَ وَأَنَا كَارِهٌ