[Machine] Shaddad ibn Abdullah reported to me that he had met a group of the companions of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ . They narrated to me that Abu Umamah reported from Amr ibn Absah, who said, "I asked, 'O Messenger of Allah, teach me something that Allah has taught you.' He replied, 'When you pray the morning prayer (Fajr), shorten your prayer until the sun rises. Then, do not pray until it reaches its zenith, for it rises between the horns of Satan, and at that time the disbelievers prostrate to it. When it reaches the length of a spear or two, then pray, for the prayer is witnessed and prohibited until the shadow is inclined towards the east. Then, shorten your prayer, for it is at that time that Hell is fueled. When the sun sets, then pray, for the prayer is witnessed and prohibited until you pray the afternoon prayer (Asr). When you pray the afternoon prayer, shorten your prayer until the sun sets, for it sets between the horns of Satan, and at that time the disbelievers prostrate to it."  

حَدَّثَنِي شَدَّادُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ وَكَانَ قَدْ أَدْرَكَ نَفَرًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عَبَسَةَ قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ عَلِّمْنِي مِمَّا عَلَّمَكَ اللهُ ﷻ قَالَ إِذَا صَلَّيْتَ الصُّبْحَ فَأَقْصِرْ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ فَإِذَا طَلَعَتْ فَلَا تُصَلِّ حَتَّى تَرْتَفِعَ فَإِنَّهَا تَطْلُعُ حِينَ تَطْلُعُ بَيْنَ قَرْنَيْ شَيْطَانٍ وَحِينَئِذٍ يَسْجُدُ لَهَا الْكُفَّارُ فَإِذَا ارْتَفَعَتْ قِيدَ رُمْحٍ أَوْ رُمْحَيْنِ فَصَلِّ فَإِنَّ الصَّلَاةَ مَشْهُودَةٌ مَحْضُورَةٌ حَتَّى يَعْنِي يَسْتَقِلَّ الرُّمْحُ بِالظِّلِّ ثُمَّ أَقْصِرْ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ فَإِنَّهَا حِينَئِذٍ تُسْجَرُ جَهَنَّمُ فَإِذَا أَفَاءَ الْفَيْءُ فَصَلِّ فَإِنَّ الصَّلَاةَ مَشْهُودَةٌ مَحْضُورَةٌ حَتَّى تُصَلِّيَ الْعَصْرَ فَإِذَا صَلَّيْتَ الْعَصْرَ فَأَقْصِرْ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ حَتَّى تَغْرُبَ الشَّمْسُ فَإِنَّهَا تَغْرُبُ بَيْنَ قَرْنَيْ شَيْطَانٍ فَحِينَئِذٍ يَسْجُدُ لَهَا الْكُفَّارُ  

[Machine] Muawiyah was traveling in the land of the Romans and there was a distance between him and them. He intended to approach them, so when the distance was over, he attacked them. Then, a sheikh on a horse said, "Allahu Akbar (Allah is the Greatest), Allahu Akbar, loyalty, not treachery. Indeed, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Whoever has a covenant with a people should not untie it or tighten it until its term is over, or he comes to an agreement with them." Muawiyah heard this and returned, and there was Amr bin Abasa.  

كَانَ مُعَاوِيَةُ يَسِيرُ بِأَرْضِ الرُّومِ وَكَانَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَبَيْنَهُ أَمَدٌ فَأَرَادَ أَنْ يَدْنُوَ مِنْهُمْ فَإِذَا انْقَضَى الْأَمَدُ غَزَاهُمْ فَإِذَا شَيْخٌ عَلَى دَابَّةٍ يَقُولُ اللهُ أَكْبَرُ اللهُ أَكْبَرُ وَفَاءٌ لَا غَدْرٌ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺقَالَ مَنْ كَانَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ قَوْمٍ عَهْدٌ فَلَا يَحِلَّنَّ عُقْدَةً وَلَا يَشُدَّهَا حَتَّى يَنْقَضِيَ أَمَدُهَا أَوْ يَنْبِذَ إِلَيْهِمْ عَلَى سَوَاءٍ فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ مُعَاوِيَةَ فَرَجَعَ وَإِذَا الشَّيْخُ عَمْرُو بْنُ عَبَسَةَ  

[Machine] About the gods of my people in the pre-Islamic era. he mentioned the story. He said, "I asked about him and found him hiding about his affair, so I softened towards him until I entered upon him and greeted him. I said to him, 'Who are you?' He said, 'A prophet.' I said, 'What is a prophet?' He said, 'The messenger of Allah.' I said, 'Who sent you?' He said, 'Allah.' I said, 'With what were you sent?' He said, 'To maintain kinship ties, honor the blood, secure the pathways, break the idols, and worship Allah alone without associating any partners with Him.' I said, 'Yes, what did He send you with?' And I testify that I have believed in you and have delivered the truth. Shall I stay with you or do as you see?' He said, 'You will witness the dislike of people for what I have brought, so stay with your people. And when you hear about me having left, come to me.' He mentioned the story.  

عَنْ آلِهَةِ قَوْمِي فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ قَالَفَسَأَلْتُ عَنْهُ فَوَجَدْتُهُ مُسْتَخْفِيًا بِشَأْنِهِ فَتَلَطَّفْتُ لَهُ حَتَّى دَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَسَلَّمْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ مَا أَنْتَ؟ فَقَالَ نَبِيٌّ فَقُلْتُ وَمَا النَّبِيُّ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ فَقُلْتُ وَمَنْ أَرْسَلَكَ؟ قَالَ اللهُ ﷻ قُلْتُ بِمَاذَا أَرْسَلَكَ؟ فَقَالَ بِأَنْ تُوصَلَ الْأَرْحَامُ وَتُحْقَنَ الدِّمَاءُ وَتُؤَمَّنَ السُّبُلُ وَتُكَسَّرَ الْأَوْثَانُ وَيُعْبَدَ اللهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا يُشْرَكُ بِهِ شَيْءٌ قُلْتُ نِعْمَ مَا أَرْسَلَكَ بِهِ وَأُشْهِدُكَ أَنِّي قَدْ آمَنْتُ بِكَ وَصَدَّقْتُكَ أَفَأَمْكُثُ مَعَكَ أَمْ مَا تَرَى؟ فَقَالَ قَدْ تَرَى كَرَاهَةَ النَّاسِ لِمَا جِئْتُ بِهِ فَامْكُثْ فِي أَهْلِكَ فَإِذَا سَمِعْتُمْ بِي قَدْ خَرَجْتُ مَخْرَجِي فَأْتِنِي فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ  

[Machine] Ibn 'Abbas said: "I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ rinsing his mouth and sniffing water up his nose during Ramadan."  

ابْنُ عَبَسَةَ رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ مَضْمَضَ وَاسْتَنْشَقَ فِي رَمَضَانَ  

[Machine] "I came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and asked, 'O Messenger of Allah, who embraced Islam along with you?' He replied, 'A free man and a slave' meaning Abu Bakr and Bilal. Then I said, 'O Messenger of Allah, teach me something that I may not know. Are there any hours of the day that are better than others?' He said, 'The last part of the night is the best, as it is witnessed and accepted until the Fajr prayer. Then it should be avoided until the sun rises, because it rises between the horns of Satan and the disbelievers prostrate to it. Then pray when it's time, as it is witnessed and accepted until the shadow of an object becomes equal to its length. Then avoid it, as it is a time when the Hellfire is stoked. When it disappears, pray, as it is witnessed and accepted until the Asr prayer. Then avoid it until the sun sets, because it sets between the horns of Satan and the disbelievers prostrate to it.' Amr ibn Abasa used to say, 'I am a quarter of Islam.'"  

أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَنْ أَسْلَمَ مَعَكَ؟ فَقَالَ حُرٌّ وَعَبْدٌ يَعْنِي أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَبِلَالًافَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ عَلِّمْنِي مِمَّا تَعْلَمُ وَأَجْهَلُ هَلْ مِنَ السَّاعَاتِ سَاعَةٌ أَفْضَلُ مِنَ الْأُخْرَى؟ قَالَ جَوْفُ اللَّيْلِ الْآخِرُ أَفْضَلُ فَإِنَّهَا مَشْهُودَةٌ مُتَقَبَّلَةٌ حَتَّى تُصَلِّيَ الْفَجْرَ ثُمَّ انْهَهُ حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ مَا دَامَتْ كَالْحَجَفَةِ حَتَّى تَنْتَشِرَ فَإِنَّهَا تَطْلُعُ بَيْنَ قَرْنَيْ شَيْطَانٍ وَيَسْجُدُ لَهَا الْكُفَّارُ ثُمَّ تُصَلِّي فَإِنَّهَا مَشْهُودَةٌ مُتَقَبَّلَةٌ حَتَّى يَسْتَوِيَ الْعَمُودُ عَلَى ظِلِّهِ ثُمَّ انْهَهُ فَإِنَّهَا سَاعَةٌ تُسْجَرُ فِيهَا الْجَحِيمُ فَإِذَا زَالَتْ فَصَلِّ فَإِنَّهَا مَشْهُودَةٌ مُتَقَبَّلَةٌ حَتَّى تُصَلِّيَ الْعَصْرَ ثُمَّ انْهَهُ حَتَّى تَغْرُبَ الشَّمْسُ فَإِنَّهَا تَغْرُبُ بَيْنَ قَرْنَيْ شَيْطَانٍ وَيَسْجُدُ لَهَا الْكُفَّارُ وَكَانَ عَمْرُو بْنُ عَبَسَةَ يَقُولُ أَنَا رُبُعُ الْإِسْلَامِ  

[Machine] We were informed by Shaddad bin Abdullah Al-Damishqi, who was one of the companions of the Prophet ﷺ , that Abu Umarah said, "O Amr bin Abasah, the companion of wisdom, the wisdom of giving charity is a man from the tribe of Bani Sulaym. What makes you claim that you are a quarter of Islam?" He said, "In the period of ignorance, I used to see people in misguidance and I did not see any value in idols. Then I heard about a man who was reporting news from Makkah and narrating stories. So, I rode my camel until I reached Makkah, where I found the Messenger of Allah ﷺ hiding while his people were bold against him. I showed kindness to him and entered to meet him. I asked him, 'Who are you?' He said, ‘I am the Messenger of Allah.’ I asked, 'What is a Messenger of Allah?' He said, 'The Messenger of Allah is a Prophet.' I asked, 'Did Allah send you?' He said, 'Yes.' I asked, 'For what purpose did Allah send you?' He said, 'To worship Allah alone and not associate anything with Him, to demolish idols, and to maintain family ties.' Then I asked, 'Who is with you in this?' He said, 'The free and the slave or the slave and the free.' And he mentioned that Abu Bakr bin Abi Quhafa and Bilal, the slave of Abu Bakr, were with him. I said, 'I will follow you.' He said, 'You are not capable of that today, but return to your family. When you hear that I have emerged, come to me.' So, I returned to my family and I embraced Islam. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ migrated to Madinah, and I continued to search for news until a delegation from Yathrib came. I asked, 'Who is this Makkian man who has come to you?' They said, 'His people wanted to kill him, but they were unable, so there was a treaty between him and them.' And we left the people in confusion. I, Amr bin Abasah, rode my camel until I reached Madinah. I entered and said, 'O Messenger of Allah, do you recognize me?' He said, 'Yes, aren't you the one who came to me from Makkah?' I said, 'Indeed.' So, I said, 'O Messenger of Allah, teach me what Allah has taught you, for I am ignorant.' He said, 'If you pray Fajr, then shorten your prayer until the sun rises. Then do not pray until it is fully elevated, as at that time, the disbelievers prostrate to it. When it rises the height of a spear or two, then pray, as the prayer is witnessed and forbidden until the spear is shaded by the shadow. Then shorten your prayer, as at that time, Hellfire is kindled. When the sun has fully set, then you may pray Asr. When you pray Asr, then shorten your prayer until the sun has set, as at that time, the disbelievers prostrate to it.' I said, 'O Prophet of Allah, tell me about ablution.' He said, 'None of you should perform ablution, then rinse the mouth, sniff water into the nose, and blow it out, except that his sins are expiated from his mouth and nostrils with the water when it flows. Then, wash his face as Allah, the Most High, ordered.'  

حَدَّثَنَا شَدَّادُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الدِّمَشْقِيُّ وَكَانَ قَدْ أَدْرَكَ نَفَرًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو أُمَامَةَ يَا عَمْرُو بْنَ عَبَسَةَ صَاحِبَ الْعَقْلِ عَقْلِ الصَّدَقَةِ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي سُلَيْمٍ بِأَيِّ شَيْءٍ تَدَّعِي أَنَّكَ رُبُعُ الْإِسْلَامِ؟ قَالَ إِنِّي كُنْتُ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ أَرَى النَّاسَ عَلَى ضَلَالَةٍ وَلَا أَرَى الْأَوْثَانَ شَيْئًا ثُمَّ سَمِعْتُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ يُخْبِرُ أَخْبَارَ مَكَّةَ وَيُحَدِّثُ أَحَادِيثَ فَرَكِبْتُ رَاحِلَتِي حَتَّى قَدِمْتُ مَكَّةَ فَإِذَا أَنَا بِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مُسْتَخْفٍ وَإِذَا قَوْمُهُ عَلَيْهِ جُرَآءُ فَتَلَطَّفْتُ لَهُ فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَقُلْتُ مَا أَنْتَ؟ قَالَ أَنَا نَبِيُّ اللهِ فَقُلْتُ وَمَا نَبِيُّ اللهِ؟ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ قَالَ قُلْتُ آللَّهُ أَرْسَلَكَ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قُلْتُ بِأَيِّ شَيْءٍ أَرْسَلَكَ؟ قَالَ بِأَنْ يُوَحَّدَ اللهُ وَلَا يُشْرَكَ بِهِ شَيْءٌ وَكَسْرِ الْأَوْثَانِ وَصِلَةِ الرَّحِمِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ مَنْ مَعَكَ عَلَى هَذَا؟ قَالَ حُرٌّ وَعَبْدٌ أَوْ عَبْدٌ وَحُرٌّ وَإِذَا مَعَهُ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي قُحَافَةَ وَبِلَالٌ مَوْلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ قُلْتُ إِنِّي مُتَّبِعُكَ قَالَ إِنَّكَ لَا تَسْتَطِيعُ ذَلِكَ يَوْمَكَ هَذَا وَلَكِنْ ارْجِعْ إِلَى أَهْلِكَ فَإِذَا سَمِعْتَ بِي قَدْ ظَهَرْتُ فَالْحَقْ بِي قَالَ فَرَجَعْتُ إِلَى أَهْلِي وَقَدْ أَسْلَمْتُ فَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مُهَاجِرًا إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ فَجَعَلْتُ أَتَخَبَّرُ الْأَخْبَارَ حَتَّى جَاءَ رَكَبَةٌ مِنْ يَثْرِبَ فَقُلْتُ مَا هَذَا الْمَكِّيُّ الَّذِي أَتَاكُمْ؟قَالُوا أَرَادَ قَوْمُهُ قَتْلَهُ فَلَمْ يَسْتَطِيعُوا ذَلِكَ وَحِيلَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَبَيْنَهُ وَتَرَكْنَا النَّاسَ سِرَاعًا قَالَ عَمْرُو بْنُ عَبَسَةَ فَرَكِبْتُ رَاحِلَتِي حَتَّى قَدِمْتُ عَلَيْهِ الْمَدِينَةَ فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَتَعْرِفُنِي؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ أَلَسْتَ أَنْتَ الَّذِي أَتَيْتَنِي بِمَكَّةَ؟ قَالَ قُلْتُ بَلَى فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ عَلِّمْنِي مِمَّا عَلَّمَكَ اللهُ وَأَجْهَلُ قَالَ إِذَا صَلَّيْتَ الصُّبْحَ فَأَقْصِرْ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ فَإِذَا طَلَعَتْ فَلَا تُصَلِّ حَتَّى تَرْتَفِعَ فَإِنَّهَا تَطْلُعُ حِينَ تَطْلُعُ بَيْنَ قَرْنَيْ شَيْطَانٍ وَحِينَئِذٍ يَسْجُدُ لَهَا الْكُفَّارُ فَإِذَا ارْتَفَعَتْ قِيدَ رُمْحٍ أَوْ رُمْحَيْنِ فَصَلِّ فَإِنَّ الصَّلَاةَ مَشْهُودَةٌ مَحْضُورَةٌ حَتَّى يَسْتَقِلَّ الرُّمْحُ بِالظِّلِّ ثُمَّ أَقْصِرْ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ فَإِنَّهَا حِينَئِذٍ تُسْجَرُ جَهَنَّمُ فَإِذَا فَاءَ الْفَيْءُ فَصَلِّ فَإِنَّ الصَّلَاةَ مَشْهُودَةٌ مَحْضُورَةٌ حَتَّى تُصَلِّيَ الْعَصْرَ فَإِذَا صَلَّيْتَ الْعَصْرَ فَأَقْصِرْ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ حَتَّى تَغْرُبَ الشَّمْسُ فَإِنَّهَا تَغْرُبُ حِينَ تَغْرُبُ بَيْنَ قَرْنَيْ شَيْطَانٍ وَحِينَئِذٍ يَسْجُدُ لَهَا الْكُفَّارُ قُلْتُ يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الْوُضُوءِ قَالَ مَا مِنْكُمْ مِنْ أَحَدٍ يَقْرَبُ وَضُوءَهُ ثُمَّ يَتَمَضْمَضُ وَيَسْتَنْشِقُ وَيَنْتَثِرُ إِلَّا خَرَّتْ خَطَايَاهُ مِنْ فَمِهِ وَخَيَاشِيمِهِ مَعَ الْمَاءِ حِينَ يَنْتَثِرُ ثُمَّ يَغْسِلُ وَجْهَهُ كَمَا أَمَرَهُ اللهُ تَعَالَى إِلَّا خَرَّتْ  

[Machine] Narrated by Amr, I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, "Whoever frees a Muslim slave, his emancipation will be his ransom from the Fire on the Day of Resurrection, limb by limb. And whoever bears white hair in the cause of Allah, it will be a light for him on the Day of Resurrection. And whoever shoots an arrow in the cause of Allah, and it reaches its target or misses, it will be for him as if he freed a slave from the descendants of Isma'il."  

حَدِّثْنَا حَدِيثًا لَيْسَ فِيهِ تَزَيُّدٌ وَلَا نِسْيَانٌ قَالَ عَمْرٌو سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ مَنْ أَعْتَقَ رَقَبَةً مُسْلِمَةً كَانَتْ فِكَاكَهُ مِنَ النَّارِ عُضْوًا بِعُضْوٍ وَمَنْ شَابَ شَيْبَةً فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ كَانَتْ لَهُ نُورًا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَمَنْ رَمَى بِسَهْمٍ فَبَلَغَفَأَصَابَ أَوْ أَخْطَأَ كَانَ كَمَنْ أَعْتَقَ رَقَبَةً مِنْ وَلَدِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ  

[Machine] We approached him and found him sitting in the back of the mosque, picking at his teeth. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "When a Muslim performs ablution, sins are removed from his hearing, sight, hands, and feet." Abu Zubayhah came to us and asked, "What did he talk to you about?" So we told him what he had said. Abu Zubayhah said, "Indeed, I heard Amr ibn Abasah narrate this from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and he added to it. He said, 'The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "There is no man who goes to sleep in a state of purity and then wakes up in the night and mentions Allah and asks Him for good in this world and the Hereafter, except that Allah will grant it to him."' "  

أَتَيْنَاهُ فَإِذَا هُوَ جَالِسٌ يَتَفَلَّى فِي جَوْفِ الْمَسْجِدِ قَالَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا تَوَضَّأَ الْمُسْلِمُ ذَهَبَ الْإِثْمُ مِنْ سَمْعِهِ وَبَصَرِهِ وَيَدَيْهِ وَرِجْلَيْهِ قَالَ فَجَاءَ أَبُو ظَبْيَةَ وَهُوَ يُحَدِّثُنَا فَقَالَ مَاحَدَّثَكُمْ؟ فَذَكَرْنَا لَهُ الَّذِي حَدَّثَنَا قَالَ فَقَالَ أَجَلْ سَمِعْتُ عَمْرَو بْنَ عَبَسَةَ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَزَادَ فِيهِ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَا مِنْ رَجُلٍ يَبِيتُ عَلَى طُهْرٍ ثُمَّ يَتَعَارَّ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ فَيَذْكُرُ وَيَسْأَلُ اللهَ ﷻ خَيْرًا مِنْ خَيْرِ الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ إِلَّا آتَاهُ اللهُ ﷻ إِيَّاهُ  

Along with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ we besieged the palace of at-Ta'if. The narrator, Mutadh, said: I heard my father (sometimes) say: "Palace of at-Ta'if," and (sometimes) "Fort of at-Ta'if," which are the same. I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: he who causes an arrow to hit its mark in Allah's cause will have it counted as a degree for him (in Paradise). He then transmitted the rest of the tradition. I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: If a Muslim man emancipates a Muslim man, Allah, the Exalted, will make every bone of his protection for every bone of his emancipator from Hell; and if a Muslim woman emancipates a Muslim woman, Allah will make every bone of hers protection for every bone of her emancipator from Hell on the Day of Resurrection. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3965)   

حَاصَرْنَا مَعَ نَبِيِّ اللهِ ﷺ حِصْنَالطَّائِفِ فَسَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ مَنْ بَلَغَ بِسَهْمٍ فَلَهُ دَرَجَةٌ فِي الْجَنَّةِ قَالَ فَبَلَغْتُ يَوْمَئِذٍ سِتَّةَ عَشَرَ سَهْمًا فَسَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ مَنْ رَمَى بِسَهْمٍ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ ﷻ فَهُوَ عِدْلُ مُحَرَّرٍ وَمَنْ شَابَ شَيْبَةً فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ كَانَتْ لَهُ نُورًا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَأَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ مُسْلِمٍ أَعْتَقَ رَجُلًا مُسْلِمًا فَإِنَّ اللهَ ﷻ جَاعِلٌ وَفَاءَ كُلِّ عَظْمٍ مِنْ عِظَامِهِ عَظْمًا مِنْ عِظَامِ مُحَرَّرِهِ مِنَ النَّارِ وَأَيُّمَا امْرَأَةٍ مُسْلِمَةٍ أَعْتَقَتْ امْرَأَةً مُسْلِمَةً فَإِنَّ اللهَ ﷻ جَاعِلٌ وَفَاءَ كُلِّ عَظْمٍ مِنْ عِظَامِهَا عَظْمًا مِنْ عِظَامِ مُحَرَّرِهَا مِنَ النَّارِ  

[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, "Whichever Muslim man throws an arrow in the cause of Allah, and it reaches its target, whether it hits or misses, he will receive rewards equivalent to freeing a slave from the descendants of Ismael."  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ أَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ مُسْلِمٍ رَمَى بِسَهْمٍ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ ﷻ فَبَلَغَ مُخْطِئًا أَوْ مُصِيبًا فَلَهُ مِنَ الْأَجْرِ كَرَقَبَةٍ أَعْتَقَهَا مِنْ وَلَدِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said, "Whoever frees a slave, Allah will free every organ of their body from the Hellfire. And whoever shoots an arrow in the way of Allah, whether it reaches its target or not, they will be rewarded as if they have freed a slave. And whoever grows gray hair in the way of Allah, they will have light on the Day of Resurrection."  

عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ لَا زِيَادَةَ فِيهِ وَلَا نُقْصَانَ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ مَنْ أَعْتَقَ رَقَبَةً أَعْتَقَ اللهُ بِكُلِّ عُضْوٍ مِنْهَا عُضْوًا مِنْهُ مِنَ النَّارِ وَمَنْ رَمَى بِسَهْمٍ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ بَلَغَ أَوْ قَصَّرَ كَانَ عِدْلَ رَقَبَةٍ وَمَنْ شَابَ شَيْبَةً فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ كَانَ لَهُ نُورًا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ  

Sulaym ibn Amir, a man of Himyar, said: There was a covenant between Mu'awiyah and the Byzantines, and he was going towards their country, and when the covenant came to an end, he attacked them. A man came on a horse, or a packhorse saying, Allah is Most Great, Allah is Most Great; let there be faithfulness and not treachery. And when they looked they found that he was Amr ibn Abasah. Mu'awiyah sent for him and questioned him (about that). He said: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: When one has covenant with people he must not strengthen or loosen it till its term comes to an end or he brings it to an end in agreement with them (to make both the parties equal). So Mu'awiyah returned. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2759)  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ مَنْ كَانَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ قَوْمٍ عَهْدٌ فَلَا يَحِلَّ عُقْدَةً وَلَا يَشُدَّهَا حَتَّى يَمْضِيَ أَمَدُهَا أَوْ يَنْبِذَ إِلَيْهِمْ عَلَىسَوَاءٍ فَرَجَعَ مُعَاوِيَةُ  

[Machine] I went to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, "O Messenger of Allah, who is a Muslim?" He replied, "A Muslim is someone who is free and an enslaved person." I then asked, "Is there a moment that is closer to Allah the Most High than another?" He said, "The depths of the last part of the night. Pray what seems easy for you until you pray the Fajr prayer, then refrain from praying until the sun rises and it is as if it is a shield, until it spreads out. Then, pray what seems easy for you until the pillar is up on its shadow. Then, refrain from praying until the sun sets, as Hellfire is kindled for half of the day. Then, pray what seems easy for you until you pray the Asr prayer, then refrain from praying until the sun goes down, as it sets between the horns of Satan. When a person performs ablution and washes his hands, his sins fall off from between his hands. When he washes his face, his sins fall off from his face. When he washes his arms and wipes his head, his sins fall off from between his arms and head. When he washes his feet, his sins fall off from his feet. Then, when he stands for prayer and his heart and his face or his entire self are facing Allah, he turns away as he was born from his mother." They asked him, "Did you hear this from the Messenger of Allah?" He said, "If I hadn't heard it once, twice, ten or twenty times, I wouldn't have mentioned it."  

أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَنْ أَسْلَمَ ؟ قَالَ حُرٌّ وَعَبْدٌ قَالَ فَقُلْتُ وَهَلْ مِنْ سَاعَةٍ أَقْرَبُ إِلَى اللهِ تَعَالَى مِنْ أُخْرَى؟ قَالَ جَوْفُ اللَّيْلِ الْآخِرُ صَلِّ مَا بَدَا لَكَ حَتَّى تُصَلِّيَ الصُّبْحَ ثُمَّ انْهَهُ حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ وَمَا دَامَتْ كَأَنَّهَا حَجَفَةٌ حَتَّى تَنْتَشِرَ ثُمَّ صَلِّ مَا بَدَا لَكَ حَتَّى يَقُومَ الْعَمُودُ عَلَى ظِلِّهِ ثُمَّ انْهَهُ حَتَّى تَزُولَ الشَّمْسُ فَإِنَّ جَهَنَّمَ تُسْجَرُ لِنِصْفِ النَّهَارِ ثُمَّ صَلِّ مَا بَدَا لَكَ حَتَّى تُصَلِّيَ الْعَصْرَ ثُمَّ انْهَهُ حَتَّى تَغْرُبَ الشَّمْسُ فَإِنَّهَا تَغْرُبُ بَيْنَ قَرْنَيْ شَيْطَانٍ وَتَطْلُعُ بَيْنَ قَرْنَيْ شَيْطَانٍ فَإِنَّ الْعَبْدَ إِذَا تَوَضَّأَ فَغَسَلَ يَدَيْهِ خَرَّتْ خَطَايَاهُ مِنْ بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ فَإِذَا غَسَلَ وَجْهَهُ خَرَّتْ خَطَايَاهُ مِنْ وَجْهِهِ فَإِذَا غَسَلَ ذِرَاعَيْهِ وَمَسَحَ بِرَأْسِهِ خَرَّتْ خَطَايَاهُ مِنْ بَيْنِ ذِرَاعَيْهِ وَرَأْسِهِوَإِذَا غَسَلَ رِجْلَيْهِ خَرَّتْ خَطَايَاهُ مِنْ رِجْلَيْهِ فَإِذَا قَامَ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ وَكَانَ هُوَ وَقَلْبُهُ وَوَجْهُهُ أَوْ كُلُّهُ نَحْوَ الْوَجْهِ إِلَى اللهِ ﷻ انْصَرَفَ كَمَا وَلَدَتْهُ أُمُّهُ قَالَ فَقِيلَ لَهُ أَأَنْتَ سَمِعْتَ هَذَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ؟ قَالَ لَوْ لَمْ أَسْمَعْهُ مَرَّةً أَوْ مَرَّتَيْنِ أَوْ عَشْرًا أَوْ عِشْرِينَ مَا حَدَّثْتُ بِهِ  

[Machine] "A man said, 'O Messenger of Allah, what is Islam?' He ﷺ said, 'To surrender your heart to Allah and for the Muslims to be safe from your tongue and hand.' He then asked, 'Which Islam is the best?' He ﷺ said, 'Iman (faith).' He asked, 'And what is Iman?' He ﷺ said, 'To believe in Allah, His angels, His books, His messengers, and the Day of Resurrection.' He asked, 'Which Iman is the best?' He ﷺ said, 'Hijrah (migration).' He asked, 'And what is Hijrah?' He ﷺ said, 'To abandon what is evil.' He asked, 'Which Hijrah is the best?' He ﷺ said, 'Jihad (striving).' He asked, 'And what is Jihad?' He ﷺ said, 'To fight the disbelievers when you meet them.' He asked, 'Which Jihad is the best?' He ﷺ said, 'The one who fights with his wealth and life.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ then said, 'These two actions are the best of deeds, except for those who perform deeds similar to them, such as a Hajj that is accepted or an 'Umrah that is performed sincerely.'"  

رَجُلٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا الْإِسْلَامُ؟ قَالَ أَنْ يُسْلِمَ قَلْبُكَ لِلَّهِ ﷻ وَأَنْ يَسْلَمَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ مِنْ لِسَانِكَ وَيَدِكَ قَالَ فَأَيُّ الْإِسْلَامِ أَفْضَلُ؟ قَالَ الْإِيمَانُ قَالَ وَمَا الْإِيمَانُ؟ قَالَ تُؤْمِنُ بِاللهِ وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَالْبَعْثِ بَعْدَ الْمَوْتِ قَالَ فَأَيُّ الْإِيمَانِ أَفْضَلُ؟ قَالَ الْهِجْرَةُ قَالَ فَمَا الْهِجْرَةُ؟ قَالَ تَهْجُرُ السُّوءَ قَالَ فَأَيُّ الْهِجْرَةِ أَفْضَلُ؟ قَالَ الْجِهَادُ قَالَ وَمَا الْجِهَادُ؟ قَالَ أَنْ تُقَاتِلَ الْكُفَّارَ إِذَا لَقِيتَهُمْ قَالَ فَأَيُّ الْجِهَادِ أَفْضَلُ؟ قَالَ مَنْ عُقِرَ جَوَادُهُ وَأُهْرِيقَ دَمُهُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ ثُمَّ عَمَلَانِ هُمَا أَفْضَلُ الْأَعْمَالِ إِلَّا مَنْ عَمِلَ بِمِثْلِهِمَا حَجَّةٌ مَبْرُورَةٌ أَوْ عُمْرَةٌ  

[Machine] I said, "O Messenger of Allah, who is with you in this matter?" He said, "A free man and a slave, and with them are Abu Bakr and Bilal." Then he said to him, "Return to your people until Allah ﷻ grants success to His Messenger." He said, "And 'Amr ibn 'Abasa used to say, 'I have indeed seen myself and I am a fourth of Islam.'"  

قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَنْ مَعَكَ عَلَى هَذَا الْأَمْرِ؟ قَالَ حُرٌّ وَعَبْدٌ وَمَعَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَبِلَالٌ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ ارْجِعْ إِلَى قَوْمِكَ حَتَّى يُمَكِّنَ اللهُ ﷻ لِرَسُولِهِ قَالَ وَكَانَ عَمْرُو بْنُ عَبَسَةَ يَقُولُ لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُنِي وَإِنِّيلَرُبُعُ الْإِسْلَامِ