[Machine] We gathered around the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and I was the last one to come to him, while we were forty men. He said, "Indeed, you will face trials and tribulations, and you will be victorious and triumphant. Paradise is open for you. So whoever achieves that should fear Allah and enjoin what is good and forbid what is evil, and maintain family ties. And whoever lies deliberately against me, let him take his place in Hell." At-Thawri and Mis'ar ibn Kidam also narrated this, with a variation in wording. In the narration of Mis'ar, it says, "We gathered around him, to the number of forty."  

جَمَعَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَكُنْتُ آخِرَ مَنْ أَتَاهُ وَنَحْنُ أَرْبَعُونَ رَجُلًا فَقَالَ إِنَّكُمْ مُصِيبُونَ وَمَنْصُورُونَ وَمَفْتُوحٌ لَكُمْ فَمَنْ أَدْرَكَ ذَلِكَ فَلْيَتَّقِ اللهَ وَلْيَأْمُرْ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَلْيَنْهَ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ وَلْيَصِلِ الرَّحِمَ وَمَنْ كَذَبَ عَلَيَّ مُتَعَمِّدًا فَلْيَتَبَوَّأْ مَقْعَدَهُ مِنَ النَّارِ وَرَوَاهُ أَيْضًا الثَّوْرِيُّ وَمِسْعَرُ بْنُ كِدَامٍ عَنْ سِمَاكٍ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ مِسْعَرٍ جَمَّعْنَا نَحْوًا مِنْ أَرْبَعِينَ  

While we were in the company of the Prophet ﷺ in a tent he said, ''Would it please you to be one fourth of the people of Paradise?" We said, "Yes." He said, "Would It please you to be one-third of the people of Paradise?" We said, "Yes." He said, "Would it please you to be half of the people of Paradise?" We said, "Yes." Thereupon he said, "I hope that you will be one half of the people of Paradise, for none will enter Paradise but a Muslim soul, and you people, in comparison to the people who associate others in worship with Allah, are like a white hair on the skin of a black ox, or a black hair on the skin of a red ox." (Using translation from Bukhārī 6528)   

كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِي قُبَّةٍ نَحْوًا مِنْ أَرْبَعِينَ فَقَالَ أَتَرْضَوْنَ أَنْ تَكُونُوا رُبْعَ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ؟ قَالُوا نَعَمْ قَالَ أَتَرْضَوْنَ أَنْ تَكُونُوا ثُلُثَ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ؟ قَالُوا نَعَمْ قَالَ فَوَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ إِنِّي لَأَرْجُو أَنْ تَكُونُوا نِصْفَ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ الْجَنَّةَ لَا يَدْخُلُهَا إِلَّا نَفْسٌ مَسْلَمَةٌ وَمَا أَنْتُمْ فِي الشِّرْكِ إِلَّا كَالشَّعْرَةِ الْبَيْضَاءِ فِي جِلْدِ الثَّوْرِ الْأَسْوَدِ أَوْ كَالشَّعْرَةِ السَّوْدَاءِ فِي جِلْدِ الثَّوْرِ الْأَحْمَرِ  

[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: "Whenever a Muslim man dies and forty men who do not associate partners with Allah stand up for his funeral prayer, Allah will intercede for them in it."  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ مَا مِنْ رَجُلٍ مُسْلِمٍ يَمُوتُ فَيَقُومُ عَلَى جِنَازَتِهِ أَرْبَعُونَ رَجُلًا لَا يُشْرِكُونَ بِاللهِ شَيْئًا إِلَّا شَفَّعَهُمُ اللهُ فِيهِ  

Commander of the Faithful, there is a verse in your Book, which you recite. Had it been revealed in connection with the Jews, we would have taken it as the day of rejoicing. Thereupon he said: Which verse do you mean? He replied:" This day I have perfected your religion for you and I have completed My favours upon you and I have chosen al-Islam as religion for you." Umar said, I know the day when it was revealed and the place where it was revealed. It was revealed to Messenger of Allah ﷺ at 'Arafat on Friday. (Using translation from Muslim 3017c)   

جَاءَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ إِلَى عُمَرَ ؓ فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ آيَةٌ فِي كِتَابِكُمْ تَقْرَءُونَهَا لَوْ عَلَيْنَا مَعْشَرَ الْيَهُودِ نَزَلَتْ لَاتَّخَذْنَا ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ عِيدًا قَالَ وَأِيُّ آيَةٍ؟ قَالَ {الْيَوْمَ أَكْمَلْتُ لَكُمْ دِينَكُمْ وَأَتْمَمْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ نِعْمَتِي وَرَضِيتُ لَكُمُ الْإِسْلَامَ دِينًا} [المائدة 3] فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ إِنِّي لَأَعْلَمُ الْيَوْمَ الَّذِي نَزَلَتْ فِيهِ وَالْمَكَانَ الَّذِي نَزَلَتْ فِيهِ نَزَلَتْ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ بِعَرَفَاتٍ فِي يَوْمِ جُمُعَةٍ  

[Machine] Related to Jabir, he mentioned the long narration about the Hajj, then Bilal called the Adhan, and then the Prophet ﷺ stood up and performed the Dhuhr prayer, then he performed the Asr prayer, without praying anything between them.  

عَنْ جَابِرٍ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ الطَّوِيلَ فِي الْحَجِّ وَفِيهِ ثُمَّ أَذَّنَ بِلَالٌ ثُمَّ أَقَامَ فَصَلَّى يَعْنِي رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ الظُّهْرَ ثُمَّ أَقَامَ فَصَلَّى الْعَصْرَ لَمْ يُصَلِّ بَيْنَهُمَا شَيْئًا  

[Machine] That the Prophet ﷺ used to deliver the sermon on Fridays standing up, and a caravan from Sham arrived, so the people rushed towards it until only twelve men were left with him. Then this verse was revealed in Surah Al-Jumu'ah: "And when they saw a transaction or a diversion, [O Muhammad], they rushed to it and left you standing." [Surah Al-Jumu'ah 62:11]  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ كَانَ يَخْطُبُ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ قَائِمًا فَجَاءَتْ عِيرٌ مِنَ الشَّامِ فَانْفَتَلَ النَّاسُ إِلَيْهَا حَتَّى لَمْ يَبْقَ مَعَهُ إِلَّا اثْنَا عَشَرَ رَجُلًا فَأُنْزِلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ الَّتِي فِي الْجُمُعَةِ {وَإِذَا رَأَوْا تِجَارَةً أَوْ لَهْوًا انْفَضُّوا إِلَيْهَا وَتَرَكُوكَ قَائِمًا} [الجمعة 11]  

While we were praying (Jumua Khutba & prayer) with the Prophet ﷺ, some camels loaded with food, arrived (from Sham). The people diverted their attention towards the camels (and left the mosque), and only twelve persons remained with the Prophet. So this verse was revealed: "But when they see Some bargain or some amusement, They disperse headlong to it, And leave you standing." (62.11) (Using translation from Bukhārī 936)   

بَيْنَمَا نَحْنُ نُصَلِّي الْجُمُعَةَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ إِذْ أَقْبَلَتْ عِيرٌ تَحْمِلُ طَعَامًا قَالَ فَالْتَفَتُوا فَانْصَرَفُوا حَتَّى مَا بَقِيَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَّا اثْنَا عَشَرَ رَجُلًا فَنَزَلَتْ {وَإِذَا رَأَوْا تِجَارَةً أَوْ لَهْوًا انْفَضُّوا إِلَيْهَا وَتَرَكُوكَ قَائِمًا} [الجمعة 11]  

[Machine] A caravan arrived while we were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ praying Jumu'ah. The people rushed towards it until only twelve men remained. Then this verse was revealed: "And when they saw a transaction or a diversion, [O Muhammad], they rushed to it" (Surah Al-Jumu'ah, verse 11).  

أَقْبَلَتْ عِيرٌ وَنَحْنُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ نُصَلِّي الْجُمُعَةَ فَانْصَبَّ النَّاسُ إِلَيْهَا فَمَا بَقِيَ إِلَّا اثْنَا عَشَرَ رَجُلًا فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ {وَإِذَا رَأَوْا تِجَارَةً أَوْ لَهْوًا انْفَضُّوا إِلَيْهَا} [الجمعة 11]  

[Machine] While the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was delivering a sermon on Friday, a caravan carrying food came. They stopped at al-Baqi' and the people turned towards it and dispersed towards it, leaving the Messenger of Allah ﷺ with only forty men, of whom I was one. Allah then revealed the verse to the Prophet ﷺ : "And when they saw some merchandise or some amusement, they rushed to it and left you standing." (Surah Al-Jumu'ah, 11) Ali said: In this chain of narration, no one narrated this except for forty men besides Ali ibn Asim, who was narrating from Husayn. However, the companions of Husayn disagreed with him and said, "There were only twelve men left with the Prophet ﷺ ." The sheikh said the most similar narration is that which is narrated by whoever narrated that it was during the sermon, and the statement of the one who said, "We intended to pray Jumu'ah with him" meant the sermon, as if he expressed the sermon through prayer. The hadith of Ka'b ibn 'Ujra also indicates this, and that is what Allah wills, if He wills.  

بَيْنَمَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَخْطُبُنَا يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ إِذْ أَقْبَلَتْ عِيرٌ تَحْمِلُ الطَّعَامَ حَتَّى نَزَلُوا بِالْبَقِيعِ فَالْتَفَتُوا إِلَيْهَا وَانْفَضُّوا إِلَيْهَا وَتَرَكُوا رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ لَيْسَ مَعَهُ إِلَّا أَرْبَعُونَ رَجُلًا أَنَا فِيهِمْ قَالَ فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ {وَإِذَا رَأَوْا تِجَارَةً أَوْ لَهْوًا انْفَضُّوا إِلَيْهَا وَتَرَكُوكَ قَائِمًا} [الجمعة 11] قَالَ عَلِيٌّ لَمْ يَقُلْ فِي هَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ إِلَّا أَرْبَعِينَ رَجُلًا غَيْرُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَاصِمٍ عَنْ حُصَيْنٍ وَخَالَفَهُ أَصْحَابُ حُصَيْنٍ فَقَالُوا لَمْ يَبْقَ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ إِلَّا اثْنَا عَشَرَ رَجُلًا قَالَ الشَّيْخُ وَالْأَشْبَهُ أَنْ يَكُونَ الصَّحِيحُ رِوَايَةَ مَنْ رَوَى أَنَّ ذَلِكَ كَانَ فِي الْخُطْبَةِ وَقَوْلُ مَنْ قَالَ نُصَلِّي مَعَهُ الْجُمُعَةَ أَرَادَ بِهِ الْخُطْبَةَ وَكَأَنَّهُ عَبَّرَ بِالصَّلَاةِ عَنِ الْخُطْبَةِ وَحَدِيثُ كَعْبِ بْنِ عُجْرَةَ يَدُلُّ عَلَى ذَلِكَ أَيْضًا وَذَلِكَ يَرِدُ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ تَعَالَى  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , performed the prayer and recited Surah An-Najm. He prostrated with us for a long time, and more people joined. Some of them prayed on the backs of others.  

صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَرَأَ النَّجْمَ فَسَجَدَ بِنَا فَأَطَالَ السُّجُودَ وَكَثُرَ النَّاسُ فَصَلَّى بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَى ظَهْرِ بَعْضٍ  

I heard 'Umar giving a khutbah, and he said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ built this mosque and we, the Muhajireen and Ansar, were with him. If it gets too crowded, then let one of you prostrate on his brother's back. And he saw people (on one occasion) praying in the street and said: Pray in the mosque, (Using translation from Aḥmad 217)   

سَمِعْتُ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ يَخْطُبُ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ بَنَى هَذَا الْمَسْجِدَ وَنَحْنُ مَعَهُ وَالْمُهَاجِرُونَ وَالْأَنْصَارُ فَإِذَا اشْتَدَّ الزِّحَامُ فَلْيَسْجُدِ الرَّجُلُ مِنْكُمْ عَلَى ظَهْرِ أَخِيهِ  

[Machine] If the heat intensifies, let him prostrate on his garment, and if the crowd intensifies, let one of you prostrate on the back of his brother.  

إِذَا اشْتَدَّ الْحَرُّ فَلْيَسْجُدْ عَلَى ثَوْبِهِ وَإِذَا اشْتَدَّ الزِّحَامُ فَلْيَسْجُدْ أَحَدُكُمْ عَلَى ظَهْرِ أَخِيهِ  

[Machine] "He prayed with the Messenger of Allah, may ﷺ , the prayer of fear and mentioned that the enemy was between him and the qibla. So he raised his voice with takbeer and we all raised our voices with takbeer, and he performed a rak'ah and we all performed a rak'ah. When he raised his head from the bowing position, he prostrated and the row behind him prostrated with him. Then the back row stood up in the rear of the enemy. When they stood up, the back row moved forward with prostration, and the front row moved back. He performed a second rak'ah and we all performed a second rak'ah. Then he prostrated, and the row behind him prostrated with him. The back row stood up in the rear of the enemy. When the row behind him prostrated, he sat down and the back row moved forward with prostration. Then he ended the prayer and we all ended the prayer. Jabir said: Just as your guards do so with their leaders."  

أَنَّهُ صَلَّى مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ صَلَاةَ الْخَوْفِ وَذَكَرَ أَنَّ الْعَدُوَّ كَانَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ الْقِبْلَةِ فَكَبَّرَ وَكَبَّرْنَا وَرَكَعَ وَرَكَعْنَا جَمِيعًا فَلَمَّا رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ مِنَ الرُّكُوعِ سَجَدَ وَسَجَدَ مَعَهُ الصَّفُّ الَّذِي يَلِيهِ وَقَامَ الصَّفُّ الْمُؤَخَّرُ فِي نُحُورِ الْعَدُوِّ فَلَمَّا قَامَ وَقَامَ الصَّفُّ الَّذِي يَلِيهِ انْحَدَرَ الصَّفُّ الْمُؤَخَّرُ بِالسُّجُودِ ثُمَّ تَقَدَّمَ الصَّفُّ الْمُؤَخَّرُ وَتَأَخَّرَ الصَّفُّ الْمُقَدَّمُ فَرَكَعَ وَرَكَعْنَا جَمِيعًا ثُمَّ سَجَدَ فَلَمَّا رَفَعَ سَجَدَ وَسَجَدَ مَعَهُ الصَّفُّ الَّذِي يَلِيهِ وَقَامَ الصَّفُّ الْمُؤَخَّرُ فِي نُحُورِ الْعَدُوِّ فَلَمَّا سَجَدَ الصَّفُّ الَّذِي يَلِيهِ وَجَلَسَ انْحَدَرَ الصَّفُّ الْمُؤَخَّرُ بِالسُّجُودِ ثُمَّ سَلَّمَ وَسَلَّمْنَا جَمِيعًا قَالَ جَابِرٌ كَمَا يَفْعَلُ حَرَسُكُمْ هَذَا بِأُمَرَائِهِمْ  

[Machine] From the Prophet ﷺ , he said: "Friday prayer is obligatory upon every Muslim except for slaves, women, children, and the sick." This hadith is considered authentic and if it includes a sender, then that sender is reliable, like Tariq from the best followers (Tabi'in) and from those who saw the Prophet ﷺ even if they did not hear from him. And this hadith is among the proofs on this matter.  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ الْجُمُعَةُ وَاجِبَةٌ عَلَى كُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ إِلَّا عَلَى مَمْلُوكٍ أَوِ امْرَأَةٍ أَوْ صَبِيٍّ أَوْ مَرِيضٍ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ وَإِنْ كَانَ فِيهِ إِرْسَالٌ فَهُوَ مُرْسَلٌ جَيِّدٌ فَطَارَقٌ مِنْ خِيَارِ التَّابِعِينَ وَمِمَّنْ رَأَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَسْمَعْ مِنْهُ وَلِحَدِيثهِ هَذَا شَوَاهِدُ مِنْهَا مَا  

[Machine] On the authority of the Prophet ﷺ , he said: "Jumu'ah (Friday prayer) is obligatory except for a child, a slave, or a traveler." And in another narration, it is mentioned: "Jumu'ah is obligatory except for a child, a slave, or a traveler."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ الْجُمُعَةُ وَاجِبَةٌ إِلَّا عَلَى صَبِيٍّ أَوْ مَمْلُوكٍ أَوْ مُسَافِرٍ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ ابْنِ عَبْدَانَ إِنَّ الْجُمُعَةَ وَاجِبَةٌ إِلَّا عَلَى صَبِيٍّ أَوْ مَمْلُوكٍ أَوْ مُسَافِرٍ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Whoever believes in Allah and the Day of Judgment, then Friday prayer is obligatory upon him every Friday, except for the sick, the traveler, the child, or the enslaved. And whoever is able to do without it due to his play or trade, then Allah is able to do without him. Indeed, Allah is rich and praiseworthy." It was narrated by Sa'id ibn Abi Maryam from Ibn Lahi'ah and he added in the narration "or a woman."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ فَعَلَيْهِ الْجُمُعَةُ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ إِلَّا عَلَى مَرِيضٍ أَوْ مُسَافِرٍ أَوْ صَبِيٍّ أَوْ مَمْلُوكٍ وَمَنِ اسْتَغْنَى عَنْهَا بِلَهْوٍ أَوْ تِجَارَةٍ اسْتَغْنَى الله عَنْهُ وَاللهُ غَنِيٌّ حُمَيْدٌ وَرَوَاهُ سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ عَنِ ابْنِ لَهِيعَةَ فَزَادَ فِيهِمْ أَوِ امْرَأَةٍ  

[Machine] From a servant of the family of Zubayr, who raises it to the Prophet ﷺ , that he said: Friday prayer is obligatory upon every sane person, except for four: a child, a slave, a woman, and a sick person.  

عَنْ مَوْلًى لِآلِ الزُّبَيْرِ يَرْفَعُهُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَالَ الْجُمُعَةُ وَاجِبَةٌ عَلَى كُلِّ حَالِمٍ إِلَّا عَلَى أَرْبَعَةٍ عَلَى الصَّبِيِّ وَالْمَمْلُوكِ وَالْمَرْأَةِ وَالْمَرِيضِ  

[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying, "Friday is an obligatory duty, except for your slaves or those who are unable [to attend]."  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ الْجُمُعَةُ وَاجِبَةٌ إِلَّا عَلَى مَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ أَوْ ذِي عِلَّةٍ  

[Machine] When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ arrived in Medina, he gathered the women of the Ansar in a house. Umar ibn al-Khattab was then sent to them, and he stood at the door and greeted us. We returned the greeting to him and he said, "I am the Messenger of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to you." We said, "Welcome to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and the Messenger of the Messenger of Allah." He said, "Will you pledge allegiance that you will not associate anything with Allah, nor steal, nor commit adultery?" We said, "Yes." He extended his hand from outside the house and we extended our hands from inside the house. Then he said, "O Allah, bear witness." He commanded us to observe the two Eids, to release the prisoners, and not to gather for Jumu'ah prayer. He also prohibited us from following funeral processions. Isma'il then asked his grandmother about the statement, "And do not disobey you in what is known" (Al-Mumtahina 12). She said, "He prohibited us from wailing."  

لَمَّا قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ جَمَعَ نِسَاءَ الْأَنْصَارِ فِي بَيْتٍ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ فَقَامَ عَلَى الْبَابِ فَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْنَا فَرَدَدْنَا عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامَ فَقَالَ أَنَا رَسُولُ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَيْكُنَّ قَالَتْ فَقُلْنَا مَرْحَبًا بِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَبِرَسُولِ رَسُولِ اللهِ قَالَ تُبَايِعْنَ عَلَى أَنْ لَا تُشْرِكْنَ بِاللهِ شَيْئًا وَلَا تَسْرِقْنَ وَلَا تَزْنِينَ؟ قَالَتْ فَقُلْنَا نَعَمْ فَمَدَّ يَدَهُ مِنْ خَارِجِ الْبَيْتِ وَمَدَدْنَا أَيْدِينَا مِنْ دَاخِلِ الْبَيْتِ ثُمَّ قَالَ اللهُمَّ اشْهَدْ وَأَمَرَنَا بِالْعِيدَيْنِ أَنْ تَخْرُجَ فِيهِمَا الْحُيَّضَ وَالْعُتَّقَ وَلَا جُمُعَةَ عَلَيْنَا وَنَهَانَا عَنِ اتِّبَاعِ الْجَنَائِزِ قَالَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ فَسَأَلْتُ جَدَّتِي عَنْ قَوْلِهِ {وَلَا يَعْصِينَكَ فِي مَعْرُوفٍ} [الممتحنة 12] قَالَتْ نَهَانَا عَنِ النِّيَاحَةِ  

[Machine] Indeed, Friday does not detain a traveler, so go.  

إِنَّ الْجُمُعَةَ لَا تَحْبِسُ مُسَافِرًا فَاذْهَبْ  

[Machine] "About his father, he raised it to the Prophet ﷺ."  

عَنْ أَبِيهِ فَرَفَعَهُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ  

[Machine] About Al-Hasan, he mentioned it like this and I found it in my book, and we do not combine with emphasis and raising the "Nun."  

عَنِ الْحَسَنِ فَذَكَرَهُ هَكَذَا وَجَدْتُهُ فِي كِتَابِي وَلَا نُجَمِّعُ بِالتَّشْدِيدِ وَرَفْعِ النُّونِ  

If anyone hears him who makes the call to prayer and is not prevented from joining the congregation by any excuse--he was asked what an excuse consisted of and replied that it was fear or illness--the prayer he offers will not be accepted from him. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 551)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ سَمِعَ الْمُنَادِيَ فَلَمْ يَمْنَعْهُ مِنَ اتِّبَاعِهِ عُذْرٌ فَلَا صَلَاةَ لَهُ قَالُوا وَمَا الْعُذْرُ؟ قَالَ خَوْفٌ أَوْ مَرَضٌ  

The Prophet said: "Whoever hears the call and does not come, his prayer is not valid, except for those who have an excuse." (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 793)   

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ سَمِعَ النِّدَاءَ فَلَمْ يُجِبْ فَلَا صَلَاةَ لَهُ إِلَّا مِنْ عُذْرٍ  

[Machine] That Ibn Umar was invited on Friday while he was preparing for Friday prayer to Sa'id bin Zaid bin Amr bin Nufayl, and he was dying, so Ibn Umar went to him and left the Friday prayer.  

أَنَّ ابْنَ عُمَرَ دُعِيَ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ وَهُوَ يَسْتَجْهِزُ لِلْجُمُعَةِ إِلَى سَعِيدِ بْنِ زَيْدِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ نُفَيْلٍ وَهُوَ يَمُوتُ فَأَتَاهُ وَتَرَكَ الْجُمُعَةَ  

[Machine] That the daylight is rising and the Friday is approaching, and he left the Friday.  

أَنْ تَعَالَى النَّهَارُ وَاقْتَرَبَ الْجُمُعَةُ وَتَرَكَ الْجُمُعَةَ  

[Machine] Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, so do not say "Hayya 'ala as-Salah" (come to prayer), instead say "Sallu fi buyutikum" (pray in your homes). He said this as people were expressing astonishment at his suggestion. He then said, "Indeed, someone better than me has already done this. Friday is a day of gathering, and I disliked the idea of inconveniencing you by making you walk through mud and rain."  

أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَلَا تَقُلْ حِيَّ عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ قُلْ صَلُّوا فِي بُيُوتِكُمْ قَالَ فَكَأَنَّ النَّاسَ اسْتَنْكَرُوا ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ قَدْ فَعَلَ ذَا مَنْ هُوَ خَيْرٌ مِنِّي إِنَّ الْجُمُعَةَ عَزْمَةٌ وَإِنِّي كَرِهْتُ أَنْ أُحْرِجَكُمْ فَتَمْشُونَ فِي الطِّينِ وَالْمَطَرِ  

[Machine] To call for prayer in the desert, then the people looked at each other and said, "It seems that you denied this. Indeed, the one who did this is better than me, and it is a determination."  

أَنْ يُنَادِيَ الصَّلَاةُ فِي الرِّحَالِ فَنَظَرَ الْقَوْمُ بَعْضُهُمْ إِلَى بَعْضٍ فَقَالَ كَأَنَّكُمْ أَنْكَرْتُمْ هَذَا قَدْ فَعَلَ هَذَا مَنْ هُوَ خَيْرٌ مِنِّي وَإِنَّهَا عَزْمَةٌ  

[Machine] "That Muhammad is the messenger of Allah, and he said, 'Pray in your saddles, for I dislike to put you in hardship while it has been done by someone who is better than me. Therefore, I dislike for you to walk in hardship and stumble.'"  

أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ صَلُّوا فِي رِحَالِكُمْ؛ فَإِنِّي كَرِهْتُ أَنْ أُحْرِجَكُمْ وَقَدْ فَعَلَهُ مَنْ هُوَ خَيْرٌ مِنِّي فَكَرِهْتُ أَنْ تَمْشُوا فِي الدَّحْضِ وَالزَّلَلِ  

[Machine] He witnessed the Messenger of Allah ﷺ on a rainy day, so he ordered his announcer to announce that the prayer is to be performed in the encampments. Sa'id narrated to us that he heard Abu Al-Malih saying, "That was on a Friday. As for Qatadah, he did not mention in his narration that it was on a Friday."  

أَنَّهُ شَهِدَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فِي يَوْمٍ مَطِيرٍ فَأَمَرَ مُنَادِيَهُ فَنَادَى إِنَّ الصَّلَاةَ فِي الرِّحَالِ قَالَ سَعِيدٌ وَحَدَّثَنَا صَاحِبٌ لَنَا أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا الْمَلِيحِ يَقُولُ كَانَ ذَلِكَ يَوْمَ جُمُعَةٍ وَأَمَّا قَتَادَةُ فَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ فِي حَدِيثِهِ يَوْمَ جُمُعَةٍ  

Usamah attended the Prophet ﷺ on the occasion of the treaty of al-Hudaybiyyah on Friday. The rain fell as little as the soles of the shoes of the people were not set. He (the Prophet) commanded them to offer Friday prayer in their dwellings. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 1059)   

أَنَّهُ شَهِدَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ جُمُعَةٍ وَأَصَابَهُمْ مَطَرٌ زَمَنَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ لَمْ يَبْتَلَّ أَسْفَلُ نِعَالِهِمْ فَأَمَرَهُمُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَنْ يُصَلُّوا فِي رِحَالِهِمْ  

[Machine] If I pray with the imam, then I follow his prayer, and if I pray alone, then you pray four (rak'ahs).  

إِذَا صَلَّيْتُنَّ مَعَ الْإِمَامِ فَبِصَلَاتِهِ وَإِذَا صَلَّيْتُنَّ وَحْدَكُنَّ فَتُصَلِّينَ أَرْبَعًا  

[Machine] I saw Abdullah escorting women out of the mosque on Friday and saying, "Leave, for this is not for you."  

رَأَيْتُ عَبْدَ اللهِ يُخْرِجُ النِّسَاءَ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ وَيَقُولُ اخْرُجْنَ فَإِنَّ هَذَا لَيْسَ لَكُنَّ  

[Machine] I had encountered from our jurists those whose statements I relied on. These were the seven jurists from the Tabi'in (the generation after the Companions of the Prophet), who were most knowledgeable among their peers in the fields of jurisprudence and virtue. Although they sometimes held differing opinions, we followed the majority and preferred their views. Among their statements, they mentioned certain things and then said, "If a woman witnesses the Friday prayer or any part of the Eid prayer, it is not obligatory for her." They also said the same for young boys, slaves, women, travelers, and the sick. Thus, they are exempt from attending the Friday prayer and the Eid prayer. If any of them do participate in the Friday prayer or the Eid prayer, it is considered excused for them.  

كَانَ مَنْ أَدْرَكْتُ مِنْ فُقَهَائِنَا الَّذِينَ يَنْتَهِي إِلَيَّ قَوْلُهُمْ فَذَكَرَ الْفُقَهَاءَ السَّبْعَةَ مِنَ التَّابِعِينَ فِي مَشْيَخَةٍ جُلَّتْ سِوَاهُمْ مِنْ نُظَرَائِهِمْ أَهْلُ فِقْهٍ وَفَضْلٍ وَرُبَّمَا اخْتَلَفُوا فِي الشَّيْءِ فَأَخَذْنَا بِقَوْلِ أَكْثَرِهِمْ وَأَفْضَلِهِمْ رَأْيًا فَذَكَرَ مِنْ أَقَاوِيلِهِمْ أَشْيَاءَ ثُمَّ قَالَ وَكَانُوا يَقُولُونَ إِنْ شَهِدَتِ امْرَأَةٌ الْجُمُعَةَ أَوْ شَيْئًا مِنَ الْأَعْيَادِ أَجْزَأَ عَنْهَا قَالُوا وَالْغِلْمَانُ وَالْمَمَالِيكُ وَالنِّسَاءُ وَالْمُسَافِرُونَ وَالْمَرْضَى كَذَلِكَ لَا جُمُعَةَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَا عِيدَ فَمَنْ شَهِدَ مِنْهُمْ جُمُعَةً أَوْ عِيدًا أَجْزَأَ ذَلِكَ عَنْهُ  

[Machine] Narrated by Hafsah, the wife of the Prophet, Muhammad, that Allah's Messenger said: "A ritual bath is obligatory (wajib) on every adult Muslim who takes a nap on the day of Friday, and also on those who go for Friday prayer."  

عَنْ حَفْصَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَالَ رَوَاحُ الْجُمُعَةِ عَلَى كُلِّ مُحْتَلِمٍ وَعَلَى مَنْ رَاحَ إِلَى الْجُمُعَةِ غُسْلٌ  

[Machine] Umar said, "Leave, for Friday does not prevent one from traveling." Ath-Thawri narrated it from Al-Aswad, who said that Umar saw a man who wanted to travel on Friday and was waiting for Friday. Umar said, "What did he say?"  

عُمَرُ ؓ اخْرُجْ فَإِنَّ الْجُمُعَةَ لَا تَحْبِسُ عَنْ سَفَرٍ وَرَوَاهُ الثَّوْرِيُّ عَنِ الْأَسْوَدِ فَقَالَ فِيهِ رَأَى رَجُلًا يُرِيدُ السَّفَرَ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ وَهُوَ يَنْتَظِرُ الْجُمُعَةَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ مَا قَالَ  

[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying, "One morning or evening spent in the cause of Allah is better than the world and whatever is in it." And it was narrated in it a hadith with a weak chain of narration.  

سَمِعْتَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ لَغَدْوَةٌ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ أَوْ رَوْحَةٌ خَيْرٌ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا وَمَا فِيهَا وَرُوِيَ فِيهِ حَدِيثٌ مُسْنَدٌ بِإِسْنَادٍ ضَعِيفٍ  

[Machine] "Allah sent Zaid bin Harithah, Jafar, and Abdullah bin Rawaha. Abdullah bin Rawaha fell behind, so the Prophet asked him, 'Why did you not join your companions?' He replied, 'I wanted to bear witness to Friday prayer with you and then catch up with them.' The Prophet said, 'Even if you were to spend all that is on Earth, you would not be able to catch up with them in the morning. They had already left on Friday.' This narration was also reported by Hammad bin Salamah and Abu Mu'awiyah, narrated by Hajjaj bin Artat. And Allah knows best."  

اللهِ ﷺ بَعَثَ زَيْدَ بْنَ حَارِثَةَ وَجَعْفَرَ وَعَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ رَوَاحَةَ ؓ فَتَخَلَّفَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ رَوَاحَةَ فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مَا خَلَّفَكَ عَنْ أَصْحَابِكَ؟ قَالَ أَحْبَبْتُ أَنْ أَشْهَدَ مَعَكَ الْجُمُعَةَ ثُمَّ أَلْحَقَهُمْ قَالَ لَوْ أَنْفَقَتْ مَا فِي الْأَرْضِ جَمِيعًا مَا أَدْرَكْتَ غَدْوَتَهُمْ وَكَانُوا خَرَجُوا يَوْمَ جُمُعَةٍ وَرَوَاهُ أَيْضًا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ وَأَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ عَنْ حَجَّاجِ بْنِ أَرْطَاةَ وَالْحَجَّاجُ يَنْفَرِدُ بِهِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ  

[Machine] Indeed, the Prophet ﷺ set out on a journey on Friday from the beginning of the day. Muhammad ibn Muhammad informed us that Abu al-Hasan al-Fasawi told us, narrating from Abu Ali al-Laulawi, who narrated from Abu Dawood, and he mentioned it. And this is the end of the narration.  

إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ خَرَجَ لِسَفَرٍ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ مِنْ أَوَّلِ النَّهَارِ أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ أنبأ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الْفَسَوِيُّ ثنا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ اللُّؤْلُؤِيُّ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ فَذَكَرَهُ وَهَذَا مُنْقَطِعٌ  

I heard Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying, "Anyone of you coming for the Jumua prayer should take a bath." (Using translation from Bukhārī 894)   

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ مَنْ جَاءَ مِنْكُمُ الْجُمُعَةَ فَلْيَغْتَسِلْ  

[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ on this pulpit, meaning the pulpit of the city, saying, "Whoever among you comes for Friday prayer, let him perform ablution."  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَى هَذَا الْمِنْبَرِ يَعْنِي مِنْبَرَ الْمَدِينَةِ يَقُولُ مَنْ جَاءَ مِنْكُمُ الْجُمُعَةَ فَلْيَغْتَسِلْ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Whoever comes to Jumu'ah prayer, be they men or women, should perform ablution. And whoever does not attend, there is no obligation for them to perform ablution, be they men or women."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ أَتَى الْجُمُعَةَ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ وَالنِّسَاءِ فَلْيَغْتَسِلْ وَمَنْ لَمْ يَأْتِهَا فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ غُسْلٌ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ وَالنِّسَاءِ  

[Machine] The Prophet of Allah ﷺ said, "The washing on the day of Friday is obligatory upon every person who has reached puberty." In another narration, Yahya stated, "The washing on the day of Friday is obligatory."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ غُسْلُ يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ وَاجِبٌ عَلَى كُلِّ مُحْتَلِمٍ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ يَحْيَى الْغُسْلُ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ  

Messenger of Allah ﷺ said "We are the last (to come amongst the nations) but (will be) the foremost on the Day of Resurrection. They were given the Holy Scripture before us and we were given the Quran after them. And this was the day (Friday) about which they differed and Allah gave us the guidance (for that). So tomorrow (i.e. Saturday) is the Jews' (day), and the day after tomorrow (i.e. Sunday) is the Christians'." The Prophet ﷺ remained silent (for a while) and then said, "It is obligatory for every Muslim that he should take a bath once in seven days, when he should wash his head and body." (Using translation from Bukhārī 896)   

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ نَحْنُ الْآخِرُونَ السَّابِقُونَ بَيْدَ أَنَّ كُلَّ أُمَّةٍ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابِ مِنْ قَبْلِنَا وَأُوتِينَاهُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ فَهَذَا الْيَوْمُ الَّذِي اخْتَلَفُوا فِيهِ فَهَدَانَا اللهُ لَهُ فَغَدًا لِلْيَهُودِ وَبَعْدَ غَدٍ لِلنَّصَارَى ثُمَّ سَكَتَ ثُمَّ قَالَ حَقٌّ عَلَى كُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ أَنْ يَغْتَسِلَ فِي كُلِّ سَبْعَةِ أَيَّامٍ يَوْمًا يَغْسِلُ رَأْسَهُ وَجَسَدَهُ  

What is this hour (for attending the prayer)? He said: I was busy today and I did not return to my house when I heard the call (to Friday prayer), and I did no more but performed ablution only. Upon this Umar said: just ablution! You know that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded (us) to take a bath (on Friday). (Using translation from Muslim 845a)   

أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ بَيْنَمَا هُوَ يَخْطُبُ النَّاسَ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ دَخَلَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَنَادَاهُ عُمَرُ أَيَّةُ سَاعَةٍ هَذِهِ؟ فَقَالَ إِنِّي شُغِلْتُ الْيَوْمَ فَلَمْ أَنْقَلِبْ إِلَى أَهْلِي حَتَّى سَمِعْتُ النِّدَاءَ فَلَمْ أَزِدْ عَلَى أَنْ تَوَضَّأْتُ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ وَالْوُضُوءُ أَيْضًا وَقَدْ عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ يَأْمُرُ بِالْغُسْلِ  

[Machine] They have a son of Abbas, whoever washes himself, he is the best and the purest, and I will inform you why the washing began. People in the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ were in need, wearing wool and watering their palms. The mosque was narrow, close to the ceiling, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ went out on Friday in the midst of intense heat, and his pulpit was short, only three steps. He addressed the people and the people perspired in their wool, and their sweat and wool scents rose until it almost harmed each other. Their scents reached the Messenger of Allah ﷺ while he was on the pulpit, so he said, "O people, if it is this day, then wash yourselves, and let one of you touch whatever he finds of his perfume or ointment."  

لَهُمَا ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ مَنِ اغْتَسَلَ فَهُوَ أَحْسَنُ وَأَطْهَرُ وَسَأُخْبِرُكُمْ لِمَاذَا بَدَأَ الْغُسْلُ كَانَ النَّاسُ فِي عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مُحْتَاجِينَ يَلْبَسُونَ الصُّوفَ وَيَسْقُونَ النَّخْلَ عَلَى ظُهُورِهِمْ وَكَانَ الْمَسْجِدُ ضَيِّقًا مُقَارِبَ السَّقْفِ فَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ فِي يَوْمٍ صَائِفٍ شَدِيدِ الْحَرِّ وَمِنْبَرُهُ قَصِيرٌ إِنَّمَا هُوَ ثَلَاثُ دَرَجَاتٍ فَخَطَبَ النَّاسَ فَعَرِقَ النَّاسُ فِي الصُّوفِ فَثَارَتْ أَرْوَاحُهُمْ رِيحَ الْعَرَقِ وَالصُّوفِ حَتَّى كَادَ يُؤْذِي بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا حَتَّى بَلَغَتْ أَرْوَاحُهُمْ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ فَقَالَ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِذَا كَانَ هَذَا الْيَوْمُ فَاغْتَسِلُوا وَلَيَمَسَّنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ مَا يَجِدُ مِنْ طِيبِهِ أَوْ دُهْنِهِ  

[Machine] The people used to be responsible for themselves, and they would go to the Friday prayer in their own attire. It would be said to them, "If you had performed ablution, they would have taken out the statement from the Hadith of Yahya al-Ansari."  

كَانَ النَّاسُ عُمَّالَ أَنْفُسِهِمْ وَكَانُوا يَرُوحُونَ إِلَى الْجُمُعَةِ بِهَيْئَتِهِمْ فَكَانَ يُقَالُ لَهُمْ لَوِ اغْتَسَلْتُمْ أَخْرَجَاهُ فِي الصَّحِيحِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ يَحْيَى الْأَنْصَارِيِّ  

[Machine] Narrated Aisha, the wife of the Prophet ﷺ: The people used to come to the Friday prayer from their homes and the outskirts, and they would be covered in dust and sweat. A man from among them came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ while he was with me, and he had a strong odor. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "If you had taken a bath for your day, meaning Friday, and cleaned yourselves..."  

عَنْ عَائِشَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ كَانَ النَّاسُ يَنْتَابُونَ الْجُمُعَةَ مِنْ مَنَازِلِهِمْ وَمِنَ الْعَوَالِي يَأْتُونَ فِي الْغُبَارِ يُصِيبُهُمُ الْعَرَقُ فَتَخْرُجُ مِنْهُمُ الرِّيحُ فَأَتَى رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ مِنْهُمْ إِنْسَانٌ وَهُوَ مُنْتِنُ الرِّيحِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَوْ أَنَّكُمْ تَطَهَّرْتُمْ لِيَوْمِكُمْ هَذَا 5667 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَمْرٍو الْأَدِيبُ أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْإِسْمَاعِيلِيُّ أَخْبَرَنِي الْمَنِيعِيُّ ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عِيسَى فَذَكَرَهُ بِإِسْنَادِهِ نَحْوَهُ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ فَيَأْتُونَ فِي الْغُبَارِ وَيُصِيبُهُمُ الْغُبَارُ وَالْعَرَقُ وَقَالَ فَأَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ أُنَاسٌ مِنْهُمْ وَهُوَ عِنْدِي فَقَالَ  

If any one of you performs ablution (on Friday) that is all right; and if any of you takes a bath, that is better. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 354)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ تَوَضَّأَ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ فَبِهَا وَنِعْمَتْ وَمَنِ اغْتَسَلَ فَالْغُسْلُ أَفْضَلُ  

[Machine] That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to pray the Friday prayer when the sun starts to decline.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ يُصَلِّي الْجُمُعَةَ حِينَ تَمِيلُ الشَّمْسُ