What is this hour (for attending the prayer)? He said: I was busy today and I did not return to my house when I heard the call (to Friday prayer), and I did no more but performed ablution only. Upon this Umar said: just ablution! You know that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded (us) to take a bath (on Friday). (Using translation from Muslim 845a)   

أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ بَيْنَمَا هُوَ يَخْطُبُ النَّاسَ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ دَخَلَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَنَادَاهُ عُمَرُ أَيَّةُ سَاعَةٍ هَذِهِ؟ فَقَالَ إِنِّي شُغِلْتُ الْيَوْمَ فَلَمْ أَنْقَلِبْ إِلَى أَهْلِي حَتَّى سَمِعْتُ النِّدَاءَ فَلَمْ أَزِدْ عَلَى أَنْ تَوَضَّأْتُ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ وَالْوُضُوءُ أَيْضًا وَقَدْ عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ يَأْمُرُ بِالْغُسْلِ  

[Machine] They have a son of Abbas, whoever washes himself, he is the best and the purest, and I will inform you why the washing began. People in the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ were in need, wearing wool and watering their palms. The mosque was narrow, close to the ceiling, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ went out on Friday in the midst of intense heat, and his pulpit was short, only three steps. He addressed the people and the people perspired in their wool, and their sweat and wool scents rose until it almost harmed each other. Their scents reached the Messenger of Allah ﷺ while he was on the pulpit, so he said, "O people, if it is this day, then wash yourselves, and let one of you touch whatever he finds of his perfume or ointment."  

لَهُمَا ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ مَنِ اغْتَسَلَ فَهُوَ أَحْسَنُ وَأَطْهَرُ وَسَأُخْبِرُكُمْ لِمَاذَا بَدَأَ الْغُسْلُ كَانَ النَّاسُ فِي عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مُحْتَاجِينَ يَلْبَسُونَ الصُّوفَ وَيَسْقُونَ النَّخْلَ عَلَى ظُهُورِهِمْ وَكَانَ الْمَسْجِدُ ضَيِّقًا مُقَارِبَ السَّقْفِ فَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ فِي يَوْمٍ صَائِفٍ شَدِيدِ الْحَرِّ وَمِنْبَرُهُ قَصِيرٌ إِنَّمَا هُوَ ثَلَاثُ دَرَجَاتٍ فَخَطَبَ النَّاسَ فَعَرِقَ النَّاسُ فِي الصُّوفِ فَثَارَتْ أَرْوَاحُهُمْ رِيحَ الْعَرَقِ وَالصُّوفِ حَتَّى كَادَ يُؤْذِي بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا حَتَّى بَلَغَتْ أَرْوَاحُهُمْ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ فَقَالَ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِذَا كَانَ هَذَا الْيَوْمُ فَاغْتَسِلُوا وَلَيَمَسَّنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ مَا يَجِدُ مِنْ طِيبِهِ أَوْ دُهْنِهِ  

[Machine] The people used to be responsible for themselves, and they would go to the Friday prayer in their own attire. It would be said to them, "If you had performed ablution, they would have taken out the statement from the Hadith of Yahya al-Ansari."  

كَانَ النَّاسُ عُمَّالَ أَنْفُسِهِمْ وَكَانُوا يَرُوحُونَ إِلَى الْجُمُعَةِ بِهَيْئَتِهِمْ فَكَانَ يُقَالُ لَهُمْ لَوِ اغْتَسَلْتُمْ أَخْرَجَاهُ فِي الصَّحِيحِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ يَحْيَى الْأَنْصَارِيِّ  

[Machine] Narrated Aisha, the wife of the Prophet ﷺ: The people used to come to the Friday prayer from their homes and the outskirts, and they would be covered in dust and sweat. A man from among them came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ while he was with me, and he had a strong odor. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "If you had taken a bath for your day, meaning Friday, and cleaned yourselves..."  

عَنْ عَائِشَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ كَانَ النَّاسُ يَنْتَابُونَ الْجُمُعَةَ مِنْ مَنَازِلِهِمْ وَمِنَ الْعَوَالِي يَأْتُونَ فِي الْغُبَارِ يُصِيبُهُمُ الْعَرَقُ فَتَخْرُجُ مِنْهُمُ الرِّيحُ فَأَتَى رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ مِنْهُمْ إِنْسَانٌ وَهُوَ مُنْتِنُ الرِّيحِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَوْ أَنَّكُمْ تَطَهَّرْتُمْ لِيَوْمِكُمْ هَذَا 5667 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَمْرٍو الْأَدِيبُ أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْإِسْمَاعِيلِيُّ أَخْبَرَنِي الْمَنِيعِيُّ ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عِيسَى فَذَكَرَهُ بِإِسْنَادِهِ نَحْوَهُ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ فَيَأْتُونَ فِي الْغُبَارِ وَيُصِيبُهُمُ الْغُبَارُ وَالْعَرَقُ وَقَالَ فَأَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ أُنَاسٌ مِنْهُمْ وَهُوَ عِنْدِي فَقَالَ  

If any one of you performs ablution (on Friday) that is all right; and if any of you takes a bath, that is better. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 354)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ تَوَضَّأَ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ فَبِهَا وَنِعْمَتْ وَمَنِ اغْتَسَلَ فَالْغُسْلُ أَفْضَلُ