A man of the Ansar was killed at Khaybar and his relatives went to the Prophet ﷺ and mentioned that to him. He asked: Have you two witnesses who can testify to the murderer of your friend? They replied: Messenger of Allah! there was not a single Muslim present, but only Jews who sometimes have the audacity to do even greater crimes than this. He said: Then choose fifty of them and demand that they take an oath; but they refused and the Prophet ﷺ paid the blood-wit himself. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 4524)   

أَصْبَحَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ مَقْتُولًا بِخَيْبَرَ فَانْطَلَقَ أَوْلِيَاؤُهُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَذَكَرُوا ذَلِكَ لَهُ فَقَالَ أَلَكُمْ شَاهِدَانِ يَشْهَدَانِ عَلَى قَتْلِ صَاحِبِكُمْ ؟ قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ لَمْ يَكُنْ ثَمَّ أَحَدٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَإِنَّمَا هُمْ يَهُودُ وَقَدْ يَجْتَرِئُونَ عَلَى أَعْظَمَ مِنْ هَذَا وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "There is no marriage except with a guardian and two just witnesses. If they dispute, then the ruler is the guardian of the one who has no guardian. If a woman marries without a guardian, then her marriage is invalid." We have also narrated in the Book of Marriage from Al-Hasan and Sa'id ibn Al-Musayyib that 'Umar ibn Al-Khattab said, "There is no marriage except with a guardian and two just witnesses." And it is narrated from Ibn 'Abbas as well that he said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said…”  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَا نِكَاحَ إِلَّا بِوَلِيٍّ وَشَاهِدَيْ عَدْلٍ فَإِنِ اشْتَجَرُوا فَالسُّلْطَانُ وَلِيُّ مَنْ لَا وَلِيَّ لَهُ فَإِنْ نَكَحَتْ فَنِكَاحُهَا بَاطِلٌ وَرَوَيْنَا فِي كِتَابِ النِّكَاحِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ وَسَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ قَالَ لَا نِكَاحَ إِلَّا بِوَلِيٍّ وَشَاهِدَيْ عَدْلٍ وَرُوِّينَاهُ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَالَّذِي  

[Machine] It did not allow women's testimony at all.  

أَنَّهُ كَانَ لَا يُجِيزُ شَهَادَةَ النِّسَاءِ عَلَى الْإِطْلَاقِ  

[Machine] "And divorce is one of the most severe limits (penalties)."  

وَالطَّلَاقُ مِنْ أَشَدِّ الْحُدُودِ