[Machine] About Fudayl...  

عَنْ فُضَيْلٍ  

[Machine] He came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , meaning a man, and said, "O Messenger of Allah, indeed my servant behaves badly and wrongs me." He ﷺ said, "Forgive him seventy times every day."  

أَنَّهُ أَتَى رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَعْنِي رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ خَادِمِي يُسِيءُ وَيَظْلِمُ فَقَالَ تَعْفُو عَنْهُ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ سَبْعِينَ مَرَّةً  

[Machine] I heard Abdullah bin Umar say: "A man came to the Prophet ﷺ and said, 'O Messenger of Allah, how many times should I forgive my servant?' The Prophet remained silent after hearing this question. When it was the third time, he said, 'Forgive him seventy times every day.' And Asbagh bin Ibn Wahb narrated with his chain of narration that Abdullah bin Amr bin Al-As and Ibn Umar both agreed on its authenticity."  

سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ يَقُولُ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ كَمْ نَعْفُو عَنِ الْخَادِمِ؟ ثُمَّ أَعَادَ عَلَيْهِ الْكَلَامَ فَصَمَتَ فَلَمَّا كَانَ الثَّالِثَةُ قَالَ اعْفُ عَنْهُ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ سَبْعِينَ مَرَّةً وَقَالَ أَصْبَغُ عَنِ ابْنِ وَهْبٍ بِإِسْنَادِهِ سَمِعَ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ وَابْنُ عُمَرَ أَصَحُّ  

ʿThe last words of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ were: “Prayer, prayer! And fear Allah with regard to what your right hands possess, [i.e.female slaves].ʿ (Using translation from Aḥmad 585)   

كَانَ آخِرُ كَلَامِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ الصَّلَاةَ الصَّلَاةَ اتَّقُوا اللهَ فِيمَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Gabriel, ﷺ , continued to advise me about my neighbor to the point that I thought he would make him an heir to me. And he continued to advise me about the slave to the point that I thought he would set a specific time for his emancipation when he reaches it."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَا زَالَ جِبْرِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يُوصِينِي بِالْجَارِ حَتَّى ظَنَنْتُ أَنَّهُ يُوَرِّثُهُ وَمَا زَالَ يُوصِينِي بِالْمَمْلُوكِ حَتَّى ظَنَنْتُ أَنْ يَضْرِبَ لَهُ أَجَلًا أَوْ وَقْتًا إِذَا بَلَغَهُ عَتَقَ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Whoever has a slave woman, and he educates her well and teaches her well, and then he frees her and marries her, he will have two rewards. And whichever slave performs the rights of Allah and the rights of his master, he will have two rewards."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ كَانَتْ لَهُ جَارِيَةٌ فَأَدَّبَهَا فَأَحْسَنَ تَأْدِيبَهَا وَعَلَّمَهَا فَأَحْسَنَ تَعْلِيمَهَا وَأَعْتَقَهَا وَتَزَوَّجَهَا؛ فَلَهُ أَجْرَانِ وَأَيُّمَا عَبْدٍ مَمْلُوكٍ أَدَّى حَقَّ اللهِ وَحَقَّ مَوَالِيهِ؛ فَلَهُ أَجْرَانِ  

[Machine] "O people, establish the limits (prescribed by Allah) upon your private parts. Those among you who are married, maintain chastity, and those who are not married, abstain (from illicit relations). If an unmarried slave woman commits fornication, she is ordered by the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to be lashed. I approached her but found out that she was menstruating, and I feared that if I were to lash her, she might die. So, I went to the Prophet ﷺ and informed him. He said, 'You have done well.'"  

يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ أَقِيمُوا الْحُدُودَ عَلَى أَرِقَّائِكُمْ مَنْ أُحْصِنَ مِنْهُمْ وَمَنْ لَمْ يُحْصَنْ فَإِنَّ أَمَةً لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ زَنَتْ فَأَمَرَنِي أَنْ أَجْلِدَهَا فَأَتَيْتُهَا فَإِذَا هِيَ حَدِيثُ عَهْدٍ بِالنُّفَاسِ فَخَشِيتُ إِنْ أَنَا جَلَدْتُهَا أَنْ تَمُوتَ فَأَتَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ فَقَالَ أَحْسَنْتَ  

[Machine] "That the image is prohibited? I saw myself as one of the seventh of the Prophet Muhammad's brothers. We only had a servant, and one of us slapped him, so the Prophet Muhammad commanded him to free him."  

أَنَّ الصُّورَةَ مُحَرَّمَةٌ؟ لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُنِي سَابِعَ سَبْعَةِ إِخْوَةٍ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مَا لَنَا إِلَّا خَادِمٌ فَلَطَمَهُ أَحَدُنَا فَأَمَرَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ يَعْتِقَهُ  

[Machine] Did his face get slapped by Suwayd bin Muqarrin? I saw myself as the seventh of seven and we only have one servant, so one of us slapped her. So the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , ordered that she be freed. This is the wording of the Hadith of Adam.  

لَهُ سُوَيْدُ بْنُ مُقَرِّنٍ ؓ لَطَمْتَ وَجْهَهَا؟ لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُنِي سَابِعَ سَبْعَةٍ وَمَا لَنَا إِلَّا خَادِمٌ فَلَطَمَهَا بَعْضُنَا فَأَمَرَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ يُعْتِقُهَا لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ آدَمَ  

I slapped a slave belonging to us and then fled away. I came back just before noon and offered prayer behind my father. He called him (the slave) and me and said: Do as he has done to you. He granted pardon. He (my father) then said: We belonged to the family of Muqarrin during the lifetime of Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him. and had only one slave-girl and one of us slapped her. This news reached Allah's Apostle ﷺ and he said: Set her free. They (the members of the family) said: There is no other servant except she. Thereupon he said: Then employ her and when you can afford to dispense with her services, then set her free. (Using translation from Muslim 1658a)   

لَطَمْتُ مَوْلًى لَنَا فَهَرَبْتُ ثُمَّ جِئْتُ قُبَيْلَ الظُّهْرِ فَصَلَّيْتُ خَلْفَ أَبِي فَدَعَاهُ وَدَعَانِي ثُمَّ قَالَ اقْتَصَّ مِنْهُ فَعَفَا ثُمَّ قَالَ كُنَّا بَنِي مُقَرِّنٍ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ لَيْسَ لَنَا إِلَّا خَادِمٌ وَاحِدٌ فَلَطَمَهَا أَحَدُنَا فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَ أَعْتِقُوهَا قَالُوا لَيْسَ لَهُمْ خَادِمٌ غَيْرُهَا قَالَ فَلْيَسْتَخْدِمُوهَا وَإِذَا اسْتَغْنَوْا عَنْهَا فَخَلُّوا سَبِيلَهَا  

[Machine] That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Verily, when the servant advises his master and improves his worship to Allah, then he will have his reward multiplied twice."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ إِنَّ الْعَبْدَ إِذَا نَصَحَ لِسَيِّدِهِ وَأَحْسَنَ عِبَادَةَ اللهِ فَلَهُ أَجْرُهُ مَرَّتَيْنِ  

[Machine] On the authority of the Prophet ﷺ , he said to the servant who excels in worshiping his Lord and fulfills his obligations towards his master, who has rights over him in terms of truthfulness, advice, and obedience, that he will receive two rewards: the reward for his excellent worship of his Lord and the reward for what he fulfills towards his master, who has rights over him.  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ لِلْمَمْلُوكِ الَّذِي يُحْسِنُ عِبَادَةَ رَبِّهِ وَيُؤَدِّي إِلَى سَيِّدِهِ الَّذِي لَهُ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْحَقِّ وَالنَّصِيحَةِ وَالطَّاعَةِ لَهُ أَجْرَانِ أَجْرُ مَا أَحْسَنَ عِبَادَةَ رَبِّهِ وَأَجْرُ مَا أَدَّى إِلَى مَلِيكِهُ الَّذِي لَهُ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْحَقِّ  

[Machine] Abu Al-Muwajjah narrated from Abdan, who narrated from Abdullah, who narrated from Yunus, who said that Az-Zuhri said, "I heard Sa'id bin Al-Musayyib saying, 'Abu Hurairah said, 'The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to the slave who brings benefit, 'There are two rewards' - by the One in Whose Hand is the soul of Abu Hurairah, if it were not for Jihad fi Sabilillah, Hajj, and the righteousness of my mother, I would have preferred to die as a slave."  

ثنا أَبُو الْمُوَجِّهِ أنبأ عَبْدَانُ أنبأ عَبْدُ اللهِ أنبأ يُونُسُ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ سَعِيدَ بْنَ الْمُسَيِّبِ يَقُولُ قَالَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لِلْعَبْدِ الْمَمْلُوكِ الْمُصْلِحِ أَجْرَانِ وَالَّذِي نَفْسُ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ بِيَدِهِ لَوْلَا الْجِهَادُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ وَالْحَجُّ وَبِرُّ أُمِّي لَأَحْبَبْتُ أَنْ أَمُوتَ وَأَنَا مَمْلُوكٌ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "When the servant fulfills the rights of Allah and the rights of His slaves, he will have two rewards." I narrated this to Ka'b, and he said, "He will not be held accountable, nor will a believer who is detached from worldly desires."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا أَدَّى الْعَبْدُ حَقَّ اللهِ وَحَقَّ مَوَالِيهِ؛ كَانَ لَهُ أَجْرَانِ قَالَ فَحَدَّثْتُهُ كَعْبًا فَقَالَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ حِسَابٌ وَلَا عَلَى مُؤْمِنٍ مُزْهِدٍ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "How good it is for a servant that Allah takes his soul while he is performing the worship of his Lord and obeying his Master. How good it is for him, how good it is for him." Al-Ramadi added in his narration, "Umar used to say when passing by a servant, 'O so-and-so, rejoice in the reward, twice over'."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ نِعِمَّا لِلْعَبْدِ أَنْ يَتَوَفَّاهُ اللهُ يُحْسِنُ عِبَادَةَ رَبِّهِ وَطَاعَةَ سَيِّدِهِ نِعِمَّا لَهُ نِعِمَّا لَهُ زَادَ الرَّمَادِيُّ فِي رِوَايَتِهِ قَالَ وَكَانَ عُمَرُ ؓ إِذَا مَرَّ عَلَى عَبْدٍ قَالَ يَا فُلَانُ أَبْشِرْ بِالْأَجْرِ مَرَّتَيْنِ  

[Machine] And the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, let none of you say, "Feed your Lord, my Lord and enlighten your Lord." And let none of you say, "My Lord," but let him say, "My Master, My Lord." And let none of you say, "My servant, My slave," but let him say, "My Boy, My Girl, My Youth."  

وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَا يَقُلْ أَحَدُكُمْ اسْقِ رَبَّكَ أَطْعِمْ رَبَّكَ وَضِّئْ رَبَّكَ وَلَا يَقُلْ أَحَدُكُمْ رَبِّي وَلْيَقُلْ سَيِّدِي مَوْلَايَ وَلَا يَقُلْ أَحَدُكُمْ عَبْدِي أَمَتِي وَلْيَقُلْ فَتَايَ فَتَاتِي غُلَامِي  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Whoever mistreats a servant towards his family is not one of us, and whoever corrupts a woman towards her husband is not one of us." Zaid bin Al-Hubab, on the authority of Ammar bin Rizq, narrated this.  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ خَبَّبَ خَادِمًا عَلَى أَهْلِهِ فَلَيْسَ مِنَّا وَمَنْ أَفْسَدَ امْرَأَةً عَلَى زَوْجِهَا فَلَيْسَ مِنَّا تَابَعَهُ زَيْدُ بْنُ الْحُبَابِ عَنْ عَمَّارِ بْنِ رُزَيْقٍ  

‘Abd Allaah bin Jafar said “The Apostle of Allaah ﷺ seated me behind him(on his ride) one day, and told me secretly a thing asking me not to tell it to anyone. The place for easing dearer to the Apostle of Allaah ﷺ was a mound or host of palm trees by which he could conceal himself. He entered the garden of a man from the Ansar(Helpers). All of a sudden when a Camel saw the Prophet ﷺ it wept tenderly producing yearning sound and it eyes flowed. The Prophet ﷺ came to it and wiped the temple of its head. So it kept silence. He then said “Who is the master of this Camel? Whose Camel is this? A young man from the Ansar came and said “This is mine, Apostle of Allaah ﷺ.” He said “Don’t you fear Allaah about this beast which Allaah has given in your possession. It has complained to me that you keep it hungry and load it heavily which fatigues it.” (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2549)   

أَرْدَفَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ خَلْفَهُ فَأَسَرَّ إِلِيَّ حَدِيثًا لَا أُحَدِّثُ بِهِ أَحَدًا مِنَ النَّاسِ وَكَانَ أَحَبَّ مَا اسْتَتَرَ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لِحَاجَتِهِ هَدَفٌ أَوْ حَائِشُ نَخْلٍ يَعْنِي حَائِطَ قَالَ فَدَخَلَ حَائِطًا لِرَجُلٍ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَإِذَا فِيهِ جَمَلٌ فَلَمَّا رَأَى النَّبِيُّ ﷺ ذَرَفَتْ عَيْنَاهُ قَالَ فَأَتَاهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَمَسَحَ سَرَاتَهُ إِلَى سَنَامِهِ وَذِفْرَيْهِ فَسَكَنَ قَالَ مَنْ رَبُّ هَذَا الْجَمَلِ لِمَنْ هَذَا الْجَمَلُ قَالَ فَجَاءَ فَتًى مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَقَالَ هُوَ لِي يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فَقَالَ أَلَا تَتَّقِي اللهَ فِي هَذِهِ الْبَهِيمَةِ الَّتِي مَلَّكَكَ اللهُ إِيَّاهَا فَإِنَّهَا تَشْكُو إِلِيَّ أَنَّكَ تُجِيعُهَا وَتُدْئِبُهَا أَخْرَجَ مُسْلِمٌ أَوَّلَ الْحَدِيثِ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَسْمَاءَ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said that a woman was punished for imprisoning a cat until it died of hunger. He entered the fire and said to her, "By Allah, I do not know whether you fed her or gave her water while you imprisoned her, or whether you let her eat from the earth's scraps until she died of hunger." And Ali ibn Ahmad ibn Abdan informed us that Ahmad ibn Ubaid Al-Saffar narrated from Ibn Al-Fadl who narrated from Ismail who narrated from Malik, and he mentioned it in his chain of narration in a similar manner except that he did not mention at the end "until she died of hunger."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ عُذِّبَتِ امْرَأَةٌ فِي هِرَّةٍ حَبَسَتْهَا حَتَّى مَاتَتْ جُوعًا فَدَخَلْتُ فِيهَا النَّارَ فَقَالَ لَهَا وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ لَا أَنْتِ أَطْعَمْتِيهَا وَسَقَيْتِيهَا حِينَ حَبَسْتِيهَا وَلَا أَنْتِ أَرْسَلْتِيهَا تَأْكُلُ مِنْ خَشَاشِ الْأَرْضِ حَتَّى مَاتَتْ جُوعًا 15816 وَأَخْبَرَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الصَّفَّارُ ثنا ابْنُ الْفَضْلِ ثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ عَنْ مَالِكٍ فَذَكَرَهُ بِإِسْنَادِهِ نَحْوَهُ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَذْكُرْ فِي آخِرِهِ حَتَّى مَاتَتْ جُوعًا  

[Machine] And the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "A woman entered the Fire because of a cat that she had tied up and did not feed, nor did she let it eat from the vermin of the earth until it died."  

وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ دَخَلَتِ امْرَأَةٌ النَّارَ مِنْ جَرَّاءِ هِرَّةٍ لَهَا رَبَطَتْهَا فَلَا هِيَ أَطْعَمَتْهَا وَلَا هِيَ أَرْسَلَتْهَا تُقَمِّمُ مِنْ خَشَاشِ الْأَرْضِ حَتَّى مَاتَتْ هَزْلًا  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: While a man was on a journey, he became thirsty and came across a well. He went down into it, drank, and then came out. Suddenly, he saw a dog eating the dirt out of thirst. The man went back down into the well, filled his shoe with water, and held it in his mouth. He then gave the water to the dog. Allah thanked him for his action and forgave his sins. The people said, "O Messenger of Allah, do we get reward for our kindness towards animals?" The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "In every living being, there is a reward for showing kindness."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ بَيْنَمَا رَجُلٌ فِي طَرِيقٍ أَصَابَهُ عَطَشٌ فَجَاءَ بِئْرًا فَنَزَلَ فِيهَا فَشَرِبَ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فَإِذَا كَلْبٌ يَأْكُلُ الثَّرَى مِنَ الْعَطَشِ فَنَزَلَ الرَّجُلُ إِلَى الْبِئْرِ فَمَلَأَ خُفَّهُ مِنَ الْمَاءِ ثُمَّ أَمْسَكَ الْخُفَّ بِفِيهِ فَسَقَى الْكَلْبَ فَشَكَرَ اللهُ لَهُ فَغَفَرَ لَهُ فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ وَإِنَّ لَنَا فِي الْبَهَائِمِ لَأَجْرًا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي كُلِّ ذَاتِ كَبِدٍ رَطْبَةٍ أَجْرٌ  

There was a dog moving around a well whom thirst would have killed. Suddenly a prostitute from the prostitutes of Bani Isra'il happened to see it and she drew water in her shoe and made it drink, and she was pardoned because of this. (Using translation from Muslim 2245b)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بَيْنَا كَلْبٌ يُطِيفُ بِرَكِيَّةٍ قَدْ كَادَ يَقْتُلُهُ الْعَطَشُ إِذْ رَأَتْهُ بَغِيٌّ مِنْ بَغَايَا بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَنَزَعَتْ مُوقَهَا فَاسْتَقَتْ لَهُ فَسَقَتْهُ إِيَّاهُ فَغُفِرَ لَهَا بِهِ  

[Machine] I came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and asked him. He ordered me for a particular kind of food and said, "When you go back to your house, command them to provide good food for their livestock and tell them to trim the hooves of their animals so as not to harm their udders when they milk them." Muhammad bin Humran narrated this from Salim al-Jarmi, and he also added, "Tell them to bleed their animals properly, as the year of drought has made their veins weak."  

أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَسَأَلْتُهُ فَأَمَرَ لِي بِذَوْدٍ وَقَالَ إِذَا رَجَعْتَ إِلَى بَيْتِكَ فَمُرْهُمْ فَلْيُحْسِنُوا غِذَاءَ رِبَاعِهِمْ وَمُرْهُمْ فَلْيُقَلِّمُوا أَظْفَارَهُمْ لَا يَعْبِطُوا بِهَا ضُرُوعَ مَوَاشِيهِمْ إِذَا حَلَبُوا وَرَوَاهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حُمْرَانَ عَنْ سَلْمِ الْجَرْمِيِّ وَزَادَ فِيهِ وَقُلْ لَهُمْ فَلْيَحْتَلِبُوا عَلَيْهَا سِخَالَهَا لَا تُدْرِكُهَا السَّنَةُ وَهِيَ عِجَافٌ  

[Machine] A gift was presented to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, which was a she-camel. He ordered me to milk it, so I milked it but I struggled to get the milk out. He then said, "Leave the one who milks the milk." And that is how it is.  

أُهْدِيَتْ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ لِقْحَةٌ فَأَمَرَنِي أَنْ أَحْلِبَهَا فَحَلَبْتُهَا فَجَهَدْتُ حَلْبَهَا فَقَالَ دَعْ دَاعِي اللَّبَنِ وَكَذَلِكَ  

[Machine] A man came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and asked him about the major sins. He replied, "It is to associate partners with Allah while He created you, and to kill your children out of fear that they will share your food, and to commit adultery with your neighbor's wife." Then he recited the verse: "And those who do not invoke with Allah another deity or kill the soul which Allah has forbidden [to be killed], except by right, and do not commit adultery. And whoever should do that will meet a penalty." [Quran 25:68]. They narrated this in the sahih from the hadith of Al-A'mash.  

أَتَى رَجُلٌ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَسَأَلَهُ عَنِ الْكَبَائِرِ فَقَالَ أَنْ تَدْعُوَ لِلَّهِ نِدًّا وَهُوَ خَلَقَكَ وَأَنْ تَقْتُلَ وَلَدَكَ خَشْيَةَ أَنْ يَطْعَمَ مَعَكَ وَأَنْ تُزَانِيَ حَلِيلَةَ جَارِكَ ثُمَّ قَرَأَ {وَالَّذِينَ لَا يَدْعُونَ مَعَ اللهِ إِلَهًا آخَرَ وَلَا يَقْتُلُونَ النَّفْسَ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللهُ إِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ وَلَا يَزْنُونَ وَمَنْ يَفْعَلْ ذَلِكَ يَلْقَ أَثَامًا} [الفرقان 68] أَخْرَجَاهُ فِي الصَّحِيحِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ الْأَعْمَشِ  

[Machine] A man said, "O Messenger of Allah, which sin is the greatest before Allah?" He replied, "To ascribe partners to Allah while He created you." He said, "Then what?" He replied, "To kill your child out of fear that he will eat with you." He said, "Then what?" He replied, "To commit adultery with your neighbor's wife." Then Allah revealed the confirmation of these sins in the Quran, from the verse "And those who do not invoke with Allah another deity or kill the soul which Allah has forbidden [to be killed], except by right, and do not commit unlawful sexual intercourse. And whoever should do that will meet a penalty." [Quran 25:68] until the phrase "in multitudes" [Quran 25:68].  

رَجُلٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أِيُّ الذَّنْبِ أَكْبَرُ عِنْدَ اللهِ؟ قَالَ أَنْ تَدْعُوَ لِلَّهِ نِدًّا وَهُوَ خَلَقَكَ قَالَ ثُمَّ أَيٌّ؟ قَالَ تَقْتُلُ وَلَدَكَ مَخَافَةَ أَنْ يَطْعَمَ مَعَكَ قَالَ ثُمَّ أَيٌّ؟ قَالَ أَنْ تُزَانِيَ حَلِيلَةَ جَارِكَ فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ تَصْدِيقَهَا {وَالَّذِينَ لَا يَدْعُونَ مَعَ اللهِ إِلَهًا آخَرَ وَلَا يَقْتُلُونَ النَّفْسَ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللهُ إِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ وَلَا يَزْنُونَ} [الفرقان 68] إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {أَثَامًا} [الفرقان 68]  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "No soul kills another soul unjustly except that the first son of Adam carries the burden of it. This is because he was the first to establish killing." This is the narration of Sufyan, and in the narration of Abu Muawiyah it is stated, "No soul is killed unjustly except that the first son of Adam carries the burden of its blood. This is because he was the first to establish killing."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَا مِنْ نَفْسٍ تَقْتُلُ نَفْسًا ظُلْمًا إِلَّا كَانَ عَلَى ابْنِ آدَمَ الْأَوَّلِ كِفْلٌ مِنْهَا؛ لِأَنَّهُ سَنَّ الْقَتْلَ أَوَّلًا لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ سُفْيَانَ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي مُعَاوِيَةَ لَا تُقْتَلُ نَفْسٌ ظُلْمًا إِلَّا كَانَ عَلَى ابْنِ آدَمَ الْأَوَّلِ كِفْلٌ مِنْ دَمِهَا؛ لِأَنَّهُ أَوَّلُ مَنْ سَنَّ الْقَتْلَ  

[Machine] In his saying {And whoever kills a believer intentionally, his recompense is Hell, abiding therein} [Al-Nisa 93], I traveled to Ibn Abbas and asked him about it. He said: This verse {His recompense is Hell} [Al-Nisa 93] was revealed at the end of what was revealed, so nothing abrogated it.  

فِي قَوْلِهِ {وَمَنْ يَقْتُلْ مُؤْمِنًا مُتَعَمِّدًا فَجَزَاؤُهُ جَهَنَّمُ خَالِدًا فِيهَا} [النساء 93] فَرَحَلْتُ فِيهَا إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْهَا فَقَالَ نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ {فَجَزَاؤُهُ جَهَنَّمُ} [النساء 93] فِي آخِرِ مَا نَزَلَتْ فَمَا نَسَخَهَا شَيْءٌ  

[Machine] From his saying, "{And whoever kills a believer intentionally, his recompense is Hell}" [An-Nisa' 93], he said, "There is no repentance for him." And from his saying, "{And those who do not invoke with Allah another deity}" [Al-Furqan 68], until his saying, "{Except for one who repents and believes}" [Maryam 60], he said, "This was during the era of ignorance."  

عَنْ قَوْلِهِ {وَمَنْ يَقْتُلْ مُؤْمِنًا مُتَعَمِّدًا فَجَزَاؤُهُ جَهَنَّمُ} [النساء 93] فَقَالَ لَا تَوْبَةَ لَهُ وَعَنْ قَوْلِهِ {وَالَّذِينَ لَا يَدْعُونَ مَعَ اللهِ إِلَهًا آخَرَ} [الفرقان 68] إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {إِلَّا مَنْ تَابَ وَآمَنَ} [مريم 60] فَقَالَ كَانَتْ هَذِهِ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ  

[Machine] Regarding the verse in Surat Al-Furqan [25:68] "And those who do not invoke with Allah another deity" until His statement [25:68] "And they do not commit adultery", and regarding the verse in An-Nisa [4:93] "And whoever kills a believer intentionally" until the end of the verse, I asked Ibn Abbas about it, and he said, when the verse in Al-Furqan was revealed, the polytheists of Makkah said, "We have killed the soul that Allah has forbidden and associated partners with Allah. And we have committed indecencies." So Allah revealed [25:70] "Except for those who repent, believe, and do righteous deeds; for them Allah will replace their evil deeds with good." For those, he said, regarding the verse in An-Nisa [4:93] "And whoever kills a believer intentionally" until His statement [4:93] "Great sin", the man said, when a person embraces Islam and learns its laws and then kills a believer intentionally, his punishment is Hellfire and there is no repentance for him. So I mentioned that to Mujahid, and he said, except for one who feels remorse.  

عَنِ الْآيَةِ الَّتِي فِي سُورَةِ الْفُرْقَانِ {وَالَّذِينَ لَا يَدْعُونَ مَعَ اللهِ إِلَهًا آخَرَ} [الفرقان 68] إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {وَلَا يَزْنُونَ} [الفرقان 68] وَعَنِ الْآيَةِ الَّتِي فِي النِّسَاءِ {وَمَنْ يَقْتُلْ مُؤْمِنًا مُتَعَمِّدًا} [النساء 93] إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ قَالَ فَسَأَلْتُ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ عَنْ ذَلِكَ قَالَ لَمَّا أُنْزِلَتِ الَّتِي فِي الْفُرْقَانِ قَالَ مُشْرِكُوا أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ قَدْ قَتَلْنَا النَّفْسَ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللهُ وَدَعَوْنَا مَعَ اللهِ إِلَهًا آخَرَ وَقَدْ أَتَيْنَا الْفَوَاحِشَ قَالَ فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ تَعَالَى {إِلَّا مَنْ تَابَ وَآمَنَ وَعَمِلَ عَمَلًا صَالِحًا فَأُولَئِكَ يُبَدِّلُ اللهُ سَيِّئَاتِهِمْ حَسَنَاتٍ} [الفرقان 70] فَهَذِهِ لِأُولَئِكَ قَالَ وَأَمَّا الَّتِي فِي النِّسَاءِ {وَمَنْ يَقْتُلْ مُؤْمِنًا مُتَعَمِّدًا} [النساء 93] قَرَأَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {عَظِيمًا} [النساء 27] قَالَ الرَّجُلُ إِذَا عَرَفَ الْإِسْلَامَ وَعَلِمَ شَرَائِعَ الْإِسْلَامِ ثُمَّ قَتَلَ مُؤْمِنًا مُتَعَمِّدًا فَجَزَاؤُهُ جَهَنَّمُ وَلَا تَوْبَةَ لَهُ فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِمُجَاهِدٍ فَقَالَ إِلَّا مِنْ نَدِمَ  

[Machine] The sheikh is like this, the descent of the two verses, but the interpretation of the last verse is.  

الشَّيْخُ هَكَذَا نُزُولُ الْآيَتَيْنِ لَكِنْ تَأْوِيلُ الْآيَةِ الْأَخِيرَةِ مَا  

[Machine] Abu Mujlaz commented on the saying, "And whoever kills a believer intentionally, his recompense is Hell, wherein he will abide eternally" [Surah An-Nisa, verse 93]. Abu Mujlaz said, "This is his punishment, and if Allah wills to forgive him, He will forgive him." Abu Ali Al-Ruzbary narrated to us, who informed us that Abu Bakr ibn Dasa narrated to us, who informed us that Abu Dawud narrated to us, who informed us that Ahmed ibn Yunus narrated to us, who informed us that Abu Shihab narrated to us, from Suleiman Al-Taymi, from Abu Mujlaz, mentioning this hadeeth except that he said, "And if Allah wills to overlook his punishment, then He does so."  

عَنْ أَبِي مِجْلَزٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ {وَمَنْ يَقْتُلْ مُؤْمِنًا مُتَعَمِّدًا فَجَزَاؤُهُ جَهَنَّمُ خَالِدًا فِيهَا} [النساء 93] قَالَ أَبُو مِجْلَزٍ هِيَ جَزَاؤُهُ وَإِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ أَنْ يَغْفِرَ لَهُ غَفَرَ لَهُ 15830 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ دَاسَةَ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يُونُسَ ثنا أَبُو شِهَابٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ التَّيْمِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي مِجْلَزٍ فَذَكَرَهُ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ فَإِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ أَنْ يَتَجَاوَزَ عَنْ جَزَائِهِ فَعَلَ  

[Machine] There was a man among the people who said, "Whoever intentionally kills a believer, his recompense is Hell" [Surah An-Nisa 93]. Until the end of the verse, Muhammad became angry and said, "Where are you regarding this verse, 'Allah does not forgive that partners be associated with Him; but He forgives what is less than that for whom He wills'" [Surah An-Nisa 48]? Leave me alone, go away from me, he said and he left.  

لَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ {مَنْ يَقْتُلْ مُؤْمِنًا مُتَعَمِّدًا فَجَزَاؤُهُ جَهَنَّمُ} [النساء 93] حَتَّى خَتَمَ الْآيَةَ قَالَ فَغَضِبَ مُحَمَّدٌ وَقَالَ أَيْنَ أَنْتَ عَنْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ {إِنَّ اللهَ لَا يَغْفِرُ أَنْ يُشْرَكَ بِهِ وَيَغْفِرُ مَا دُونَ ذَلِكَ لِمَنْ يَشَاءُ} [النساء 48]؟ قُمْ عَنِّي اخْرُجْ عَنِّي قَالَ فَاخَرَجَ  

[Machine] When the people of knowledge were asked, they would say there is no repentance for him, and when a man was tested, they would say to him "repent."  

كَانَ أَهْلُ الْعِلْمِ إِذَا سُئِلُوا قَالُوا لَا تَوْبَةَ لَهُ وَإِذَا ابْتُلِيَ رَجُلٌ قَالُوا لَهُ تُبْ  

[Machine] I filled my basin, waiting for my camel to come back to me. I didn't wake up until a man rode his camel and approached the basin, causing the water to flow. I stood up in a panic and hit him with my sword, killing him. He said, "This is not what he commanded, so he ordered him to repent."  

مَلَأْتُ حَوْضِي أنْتَظِرُ بَهِيمَتِي تَرِدُ عَلَيَّ فَلَمْ أَسْتَيْقِظْ إِلَّا بِرَجُلٍ قَدْ أَشْرَعَ نَاقَتَهُ وَثَلَمَ الْحَوْضَ وَسَالَ الْمَاءُ فَقُمْتُ فَزِعًا فَضَرَبْتُهُ بِالسَّيْفِ فَقَتَلْتُهُ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ هَذَا مِثْلَ الَّذِي قَالَ فَأَمَرَهُ بِالتَّوْبَةِ  

[Machine] "O Amir al-Mu'minin, I have killed, so is there any chance for me to repent? Uthman recited to him: "Ha, Meem. The revelation of the Book is from Allah, the Exalted in Might, the Knowing. The forgiver of sin, acceptor of repentance, severe in punishment, owner of abundance." (Surah Ghafir, 2) Then Uthman said to him: "Do good deeds and do not despair. We have narrated in the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ what confirms the interpretation of Abi Mujaliz, may Allah have mercy on him."  

يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنِّي قَتَلْتُ فَهَلْ لِي مِنْ تَوْبَةٍ؟ فَقَرَأَ عَلَيْهِ عُثْمَانُ ؓ {حم تَنْزِيلُ الْكِتَابِ مِنَ اللهِ الْعَزِيزِ الْعَلِيمِ غَافِرِ الذَّنْبِ وَقَابِلِ التَّوْبِ شَدِيدِ الْعِقَابِ} [غافر 2] ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ اعْمَلْ وَلَا تَيْأَسْ وَقَدْ رُوِّينَا فِي سَنَّةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مَا يُؤَكِدُ تَأْوِيلَ أَبِي مِجْلَزٍ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ  

Do you need strong, fortified protection? The tribe of Daus had a fort in the pre-Islamic days. The Apostle ﷺ declined this offer, since it (the privilege of protecting the Holy Prophet) had already been reserved for the Ansar. When the Apostle ﷺ migrated to Medina, Tufail son of Amr also migrated to that place, and there also migrated along with him a man of his tribe. But the climate of Medina did not suit him, and he fell sick. He felt very uneasy. So he took hold of an iron head of an arrow and cut his finger-joints. The blood streamed forth from his hands, till he died. Tufail son of Amr saw him in a dream. His state was good and he saw him with his hands wrapped. He (Tufail) said to him: What treatment did your Allah accord to you? He replied. Allah granted me pardon for my migration to the Apostle ﷺ: He (Tufail) again said: What is this that I see you wrapping up your hands? He replied: I was told (by Allah): We would not set right anything of yours which you damaged yourself. Tufail narrated this (dream) to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Upon this he prayed: O Allah I grant pardon even to his hands. (Using translation from Muslim 116)   

أَنَّ الطُّفَيْلَ بْنَ عَمْرٍو الدَّوْسِيَّ أَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَ هَلْ لَكَ فِي حِصْنٍ حَصِينٍ وَمَنَعَةٍ قَالَ حِصْنٌ كَانَ لِدَوْسٍ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَأَتَى ذَلِكَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ لِلَّذِي ذَخَرَ اللهُ لِلْأَنْصَارِ فَلَمَّا هَاجَرَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ هَاجَرَ مَعَهُ الطُّفَيْلُ وَهَاجَرَ مَعَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ قَوْمِهِ فَاجْتَوَوُا الْمَدِينَةَ فَمَرِضَ فَجَزِعَ فَأَخَذَ مَشَاقِصَ فَقَطَعَ بِهَا بَرَاجِمَهُ فَشَخَبَتْ يَدَاهُ فَمَاتَ فَرَآهُ الطُّفَيْلُ فِي مَنَامِهِ فِي هَيْئَةٍ حَسَنَةٍ وَرَآهُ مُغَطِّيًا يَدَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ مَا لِي أَرَاكَ مُغَطِّيًا يَدَكَ؟ قَالَ قِيلَ لِي لَنْ نُصْلِحَ مِنْكَ مَا أَفْسَدْتَ فَقَصَّ الطُّفَيْلُ رُؤْيَاهُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ اللهُمَّ وَلِيَدَيْهِ فَاغْفِرْ  

There was a person before you who had killed ninety-nine persons and then made an inquiry about the learned persons of the world (who could show him the way to salvation). He was directed to a monk. He came to him and told him that he had killed ninety-nine persons and asked him whether there was any scope for his repentance to be accepted. He said: No. He killed him also and thus completed one hundred. He then asked about the learned persons of the earth and he was directed to a scholar, and he told him that he had killed one hundred persons and asked him whether there was any scope for his repentance to be accepted. He said: Yes; what stands between you and the repentance? You better go to such and such land; there are people devoted to prayer and worship and you also worship along with them and do not come to the land of yours since it was an evil land (for you). So he went away and he had hardly covered half the distance when death came to him and there was a dispute between the angels of mercy and the angels of punishment. The angels of mercy said: This man has come as a penitant and remorseful to Allah and the angels of punishment said: He has done no good at all. Then there came another angel in the form of a human being in order to decide between them. He said: You measure the land to which he has drawn near. They measured it and found him nearer to the land where he intended to go (the land of piety), and so the angels of mercy took possession of it. Qatada said that Hasan told him that it was said to them that as death approached him, he crawled upon his chest (and managed) to slip in the land of mercy. (Using translation from Muslim 2766a)   

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ كَانَ مِمَّنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ رَجُلٌ قَتَلَ تِسْعَةً وَتِسْعِينَ نَفْسًا فَسَأَلَ عَنْ أَعْلَمِ أَهْلِ الْأَرْضِ فَدُلَّ عَلَى رَاهِبٍ فَأَتَاهُ فَقَالَ إِنَّهُ قَتَلَ تِسْعَةً وَتِسْعِينَ نَفْسًا فَهَلْ لَهُ مِنْ تَوْبَةٍ؟ قَالَ لَا فَقَتَلَهُ فَكَمَّلَ بِهَ مِائَةً ثُمَّ سَأَلَ عَنْ أَعْلَمِ أَهْلِ الْأَرْضِ فَدُلَّ عَلَى رَجُلٍ عَالِمٍ فَأَتَاهُ فَقَالَ قَتَلَ مِائَةَ نَفْسٍ فَهَلْ لَهُ مِنْ تَوْبَةٍ؟ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ وَمَنْ يَحُولُ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ التَّوْبَةِ انْطَلِقْ إِلَى أَرْضِ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَإِنَّ بِهَا نَاسًا يَعْبُدُونَ اللهَ فَاعْبُدْ مَعَهُمْ وَلَا تَرْجِعْ إِلَى أَرْضِكَ فَإِنَّهَا أَرْضُ سُوءٍ فَانْطَلَقَ حَتَّى إِذَا أَتَى نِصْفَ الطَّرِيقِ أَتَاهُ الْمَوْتُ فَاخْتَصَمَتْ فِيهِ مَلَائِكَةُ الرَّحْمَةِ وَمَلَائِكَةُ الْعَذَابِ فَقَالَتْ مَلَائِكَةُ الرَّحْمَةِ جَاءَ تَائِبًا مُقْبِلًا بِقَلْبِهِ إِلَى اللهِ ﷻ وَقَالَتْ مَلَائِكَةُ الْعَذَابِ إِنَّهُ لَمْ يَعْمَلْ خَيْرًا قَطُّ فَأَتَاهُمْ مَلَكٌ فِي صُورَةِ آدَمِيٍّ فَجَعَلُوهُ بَيْنَهُمْ فَقَالَ قِيسُوا مَا بَيْنَ الْأَرَضِينَ فَإِلَى أَيِّهَا كَانَ أَدْنَى فَهُوَ لَهُ فَقَاسُوا فَوَجَدُوهُ أَدْنَى إِلَى الْأَرْضِ الَّتِي أَرَادَ فَقَبَضَتْهُ مَلَائِكَةُ الرَّحْمَةِ قَالَ قَتَادَةُ فَقَالَ الْحَسَنُ ذُكِرَ لَنَا أَنَّهُ لَمَّا أَتَاهُ الْمَوْتُ نَاءَ بِصَدْرِهِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , said, "Indeed, every prophet has a supplication that is answered, and I have saved my supplication as an intercession for my nation. It will be directed to anyone among them who dies, if Allah wills, provided that person does not associate anything with Allah."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّ لِكُلِّ نَبِيٍّ دَعْوَةً مُسْتَجَابَةً وَإِنِّي اخْتَبَأْتُ دَعْوَتِي شَفَاعَةً لِأُمَّتِي فَهِيَ نَائِلَةٌ مَنْ مَاتَ مِنْهُمْ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ لَا يُشْرِكُ بِاللهِ شَيْئًا  

The Prophet ﷺ said: My intercession will be for those of my people who have committed major sins. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 4739)   

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ شَفَاعَتِي لِأَهْلِ الْكَبَائِرِ مِنْ أُمَّتِي  

[Machine] I heard Ibn Mas'ood say, "I asked the Prophet ﷺ, which sin is the greatest?" He replied, "To associate partners with Allah while He alone created you." I asked further, "Then what?" He said, "To kill your own child out of fear that they would eat with you."  

سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ مَسْعُودٍ ؓ يَقُولُ سَأَلْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قُلْتُ أِيُّ الْكَبَائِرِ أَكْبَرُ؟ قَالَ أَنْ تَجْعَلَ لِلَّهِ نِدًّا وَهُوَ خَلَقَكَ قُلْتُ ثُمَّ أَيٌّ؟ قَالَ أَنْ تُقْتَلَ وَلَدِكَ مِنْ أَجْلِ أَنْ يَأْكُلَ مَعَكَ  

[Machine] I said, "O Messenger of Allah, which is the greatest sin?" He said, "That you set up a partner with Allah while He created you." I said, "Then what?" He said, "That you kill your child out of fear that he will eat with you." I said, "Then what?" He said, "That you commit adultery with your neighbor's wife." In another narration by Al-Dhuhli, it is mentioned that you commit adultery with your neighbor's wife. The Hadith is Mursal (broken chain) from Mansur and Al-A'mash, and the Hadith is connected from Wasil from Abu Wael from Abdullah, and there is no mention of 'Amr ibn Shurahbil.  

قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أِيُّ الذَّنْبِ أَعْظَمُ؟ قَالَ أَنْ تَجْعَلَ لِلَّهِ نِدًّا وَهُوَ خَلَقَكَ قَالَ ثُمَّ مَاذَا؟ قَالَ أَنْ تَقْتُلَ وَلَدَكَ خَشْيَةَ أَنْ يَأْكُلَ مَعَكَ قَالَ ثُمَّ مَاذَا؟ قَالَ أَنْ تُزَانِيَ حَلِيلَةَ جَارِكَ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ الذُّهْلِيِّ أَنْ تَزْنِيَ بِحَلِيلَةِ جَارِكَ حَدِيثُ مَنْصُورٍ وَالْأَعْمَشِ مَوْصُولٌ وَحَدِيثُ وَاصِلٍ عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ لَيْسَ فِيهِ ذِكْرُ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُرَحْبِيلَ  

[Machine] A man said, "O Messenger of Allah, which sin is the greatest?" He said, "To set up a rival for Allah while He alone created you." He asked, "Then what?" He said, "To kill your child out of fear that he may share your food with you." He asked, "Then what?" He said, "To commit adultery with your neighbor's wife." Abu Hafs said, "Abd al-Rahman reported once from Mansur, al-A'mash, and Wasil, from Abu Wail, from Amr bin Shurahbil, from Abdullah, from the Prophet ﷺ . So I said to Abd al-Rahman, 'Inform me.' Yahya ibn Sa'id reported to us, from Sufyan, from Wasil, from Abu Wail, from Abdullah. Abd al-Rahman said, 'Leave it; he did not mention him again after that.' Wasil reported it."  

رَجُلٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أِيُّ الذَّنْبِ أَعْظَمُ؟ قَالَ أَنْ تَجْعَلَ لِلَّهِ نِدًّا وَهُوَ خَلَقَكَ قَالَ ثُمَّ أِيُّ؟ قَالَ ثُمَّ أَنْ تُقْتَلَ وَلَدَكَ مِنْ أَجْلِ أَنْ يَطْعَمَ مَعَكَ قَالَ ثُمَّ أَيٌّ؟ قَالَ ثُمَّ أَنْ تَزْنِي بِحَلِيلَةِ جَارِكَ قَالَ أَبُو حَفْصٍ قَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ مَرَّةً عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ وَالْأَعْمَشِ وَوَاصِلٍ عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُرَحْبِيلَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقُلْتُ لِعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ ثنا يَحْيَى ثنا سُفْيَانُ عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ وَسُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ عَنْ أَبِي مَيْسَرَةَ وَهُوَ عَمْرُو بْنُ شُرَحْبِيلَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ قَالَ وَحَدَّثَنِي سُفْيَانُ ثنا وَاصِلٌ عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ دَعْهُ فَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ فِيهِ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ وَاصِلًا  

who took part in the battle of Badr and was a Naqib (a person heading a group of six persons), on the night of Al-'Aqaba pledge: Allah's Apostle said while a group of his companions were around him, "Swear allegiance to me for: 1. Not to join anything in worship along with Allah. 2. Not to steal. 3. Not to commit illegal sexual intercourse. 4. Not to kill your children. 5. Not to accuse an innocent person (to spread such an accusation among people). 6. Not to be disobedient (when ordered) to do good deed." The Prophet ﷺ added: "Whoever among you fulfills his pledge will be rewarded by Allah. And whoever indulges in any one of them (except the ascription of partners to Allah) and gets the punishment in this world, that punishment will be an expiation for that sin. And if one indulges in any of them, and Allah conceals his sin, it is up to Him to forgive or punish him (in the Hereafter)." 'Ubada bin As-Samit added: "So we swore allegiance for these." (points to Allah's Apostle) (Using translation from Bukhārī 18)   

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ وَحَوْلَهُ عِصَابَةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ بَايِعُونِي عَلَى أَنْ لَا تُشْرِكُوا بِاللهِ شَيْئًا وَلَا تَسْرِقُوا وَلَا تَزْنُوا وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا أَوْلَادَكُمْ وَلَا تَأْتُوا بِبُهْتَانٍ تَفْتَرُونَهُ بَيْنَ أَيْدِيكُمْ وَأَرْجُلِكُمْ وَلَا تَعْصُوا فِي مَعْرُوفٍ فَمَنْ وَفَّى مِنْكُمْ فَأَجْرُهُ عَلَى اللهِ وَمَنْ أَصَابَ شَيْئًا مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَعُوقِبَ بِهِ فِي الدُّنْيَا فَهُوَ لَهُ كَفَّارَةٌ وَمَنْ أَصَابَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ شَيْئًا ثُمَّ سَتَرَهُ فَأَمْرُهُ إِلَى اللهِ إِنْ شَاءَ عَفَا عَنْهُ وَإِنْ شَاءَ عَاقَبَهُ قَالَ فَبَايَعْنَاهُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِهِمَا سَوَاءٌ إِلَّا أَنَّ فِي رِوَايَةِ الْقَاضِي عَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ وَقَدْ شَهِدَ بَدْرًا وَهُوَ أَحَدُ النُّقَبَاءِ لَيْلَةَ الْعَقَبَةِ  

I was with ‘Uthman ؓ in the house when he was under siege. We would go into an entryway where, when we entered it, we could hear what the people were saying in al-Balat. ʿUthman ؓ entered it one day for some reason, then he came out with his face flushed and said: They were threatening to kill me just now. We said: Allah will suffice you against them, O Ameer al-Muʿmineen. He said: Why would they kill me? I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: “It is not permissible to shed the blood of a Muslim man except in one of three cases; a man who disbelieved after having become Muslim, or a man who committed zina after being married, or a man who killed a person not in retaliation of murder But by Allah, I never committed zina either during the Jahiliyyah or in Islam... I never wanted to change my religion since Allah, may He be glorified and exalted guided me, and I never killed anyone So why do they want to kill me? (Using translation from Aḥmad 468)   

كُنَّا مَعَ عُثْمَانَ ؓ فِي الدَّارِ وَهُوَ مَحْصُورٌ وَكُنَّا نَدْخُلُ مَدْخَلًا نَسْمَعُ مِنْهُ كَلَامَ مَنْ فِي الْبَلَاطِ فَدَخَلَ عُثْمَانُ ؓ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ مُتَغَيِّرَ اللَّوْنِ قِيلَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مَا شَأْنُكَ؟ قَالَ إِنَّهُمْ لَيَتَوَاعَدُونِّي بِالْقَتْلِ آنِفًا وَلَمْ أَسْتَيْقِنْ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُمْ حَتَّى كَانَ الْيَوْمُ فَقُلْنَا لَهُ يَكْفِيكَهُمُ اللهُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ قَالَ وَبِمَ يَقْتُلُونَنِي؟ وَقَدْ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ لَا يَحِلُ دَمُ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ إِلَّا بِإِحْدَى ثَلَاثٍ رَجُلٌ كَفَرَ بَعْدَ إِسْلَامِهِ أَوْ زَنَى بَعْدَ إِحْصَانِهِ أَوْ قَتَلَ نَفْسًا بِغَيْرِ نَفْسٍ فَوَاللهِ مَا زَنَيْتُ فِي جَاهِلِيَّةٍ وَلَا فِي إِسْلَامٍ قَطُّ وَلَا أَحْبَبْتُ بِدِينِي بَدَلًا مُنْذُ هَدَانِي اللهُ وَمَا قَتَلْتُ نَفْسًا؛ عَلَامَ يُرِيدُ هَؤُلَاءِ قَتْلِي؟  

[Machine] The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ said: It is not permitted to shed the blood of a man who testifies that there is no god but Allah and that I am the Messenger of Allah, except in three cases: a person who kills another person, or a married person who commits adultery, or someone who renounces their religion and separates from the community.  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَا يَحِلُّ دَمُ رَجُلٍ يَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنِّي رَسُولُ اللهِ إِلَّا بِإِحْدَى ثَلَاثَةٍ نَفْرُ النَّفْسِ بِالنَّفْسِ وَالثَّيِّبُ الزَّانِي وَالتَّارِكُ لِدِينِهِ الْمُفَارِقُ لِلْجَمَاعَةِ  

Abu Hurairah reported the Apostle of Allaah ﷺ as saying “ I am commanded to fight with men till they testify that there is no god but Allaah, when they do that they will keep their life and property safe from me, except what is due to them. (i.e., life and property) and their reckoning will be at Allaah’s hands.” (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2640)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أُقَاتِلَ النَّاسَ حَتَّى يَقُولُوا لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ فَإِذَا قَالُوهَا مَنَعُوا مِنِّي دِمَاءَهُمْ وَأَمْوَالَهُمْ إِلَّا بِحَقِّهَا وَحِسَابُهُمْ عَلَى اللهِ  

Al Miqdad bin Al Aswad reported that he said “Apostle of Allaah ﷺ tell me if I meet a man who is a disbeliever and he fights with me and cuts off one hand of mine with the sword and then takes refuge by a tree and says “I embraced Islam for Allah’s sake. Should I kill him, Apostle of Allaah ﷺ after he uttered it (the credo of Islam)? The Apostle of Allaah ﷺ said “Do not kill him”. I said “Apostle of Allaah ﷺ, he cut off my hand. The Apostle of Allaah ﷺ said, Do not kill him. I f you kill him, he will become like you before you kill him and you will become like him before he uttered his credo which he has uttered now. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2644)   

أَنَّهُ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ لَقِيتُ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْكُفَّارِ فَقَاتَلَنِي وَضَرَبَ إِحْدَى يَدِيَّ بِالسَّيْفِ فَقَطَعَهَا ثُمَّ لَاذَ مِنِّي بِشَجَرَةٍ فَقَالَ أَسْلَمْتُ لِلَّهِ أَفَأَقْتُلُهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ بَعْدَ أَنْ قَالَهَا؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَا تَقْتُلْهُ قَالَ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ قَطَعَ يَدِي ثُمَّ قَالَ ذَلِكَ بَعْدَ أَنْ قَطَعَهَا أَفَأَقْتُلُهُ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَا تَقْتُلْهُ فَإِنْ قَتَلْتَهُ؛ فَإِنَّهُ بِمَنْزِلَتِكَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَقْتُلَهُ وَإِنَّكَ بِمَنْزِلَتِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقُولَ كَلِمَتَهُ الَّتِي قَالَ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent a military expedition to Al-Hurqat, but the enemy detected us and fled. We managed to catch one man, and when we surrounded him, he said, "There is no god but Allah." However, we still killed him. I felt disturbed by this incident, so I mentioned it to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . He asked me, "Who had the authority to say 'There is no god but Allah' on the Day of Judgment?" I replied, "O Messenger of Allah, he only said it out of fear of the weapons and death." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Why didn't you open his heart to find out if he said it sincerely or not?" Thus, he repeated the question, "Who had the authority to say 'There is no god but Allah' on the Day of Judgment?" And he continued to repeat this phrase until I wished that I had not accepted Islam until that day. Then, Abu Thubyan said that Saad (may Allah be pleased with him) said, "By Allah, I will not kill him until he kills Osama, who is holding the flag." A man said, "Hasn't Allah said: 'Fight them until there is no fitnah (trial, disbelief)'"? Saad replied, "We fought so that there would be no fitnah, but you and your companions want us to fight until it becomes a fitnah."  

بَعَثَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ سَرِيَّةً إِلَى الْحُرَقَاتِ فَنَذِرُوا بِنَا فَهَرَبُوا فَأَدْرَكْنَا رَجُلًا فَلَمَّا غَشِينَاهُ قَالَ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ فَضَرَبْنَاهُ حَتَّى قَتَلْنَاهُ فَعَرَضَ فِي نَفْسِي شَيْءٌ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَذَكَرْتُهُ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ مَنْ لَكَ بِلَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّمَا قَالَهَا مَخَافَةَ السِّلَاحِ وَالْقَتْلِ فَقَالَ أَفَلَا شَقَقْتَ عَنْ قَلْبِهِ حَتَّى تَعْلَمَ قَالَهَا مِنْ أَجْلِ ذَلِكَ أَمْ لَا؟ مَنْ لَكَ بِلَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ قَالَ فَمَا زَالَ يَقُولُ حَتَّى وَدِدْتُ أَنِّي لَمْ أُسْلِمْ إِلَّا يَوْمَئِذٍ قَالَ أَبُو ظَبْيَانَ قَالَ سَعْدٌ وَأَنَا وَاللهِ لَا أَقْتُلُهُ حَتَّى يَقْتُلَهُ ذُو الْبُطَيْنِ يَعْنِي أُسَامَةَ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ أَلَيْسَ قَدْ قَالَ اللهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى {قَاتِلُوهُمْ حَتَّى لَا تَكُونَ فِتْنَةٌ} [البقرة 193] فَقَالَ سَعْدٌ قَاتَلْنَا حَتَّى لَا تَكُونَ فِتْنَةٌ وَأَنْتَ وَأَصْحَابُكَ تُرِيدُونَ أَنْ نُقَاتِلَ حَتَّى تَكُونَ فِتْنَةٌ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ addressed the people in Mina and said, "Do you know what day is today?" They replied, "Allah and His Messenger know best." He remained silent until we thought he would name it something else. Then he said, "Is it not the Day of Sacrifice?" They replied, "Yes." He asked, "And which place is this?" They replied, "Allah and His Messenger know best." He said, "Is it not in the Haram (sacred land)?" They replied, "Yes, O Messenger of Allah." He said, "Verily, your blood, your wealth, your honor, and your sacred rites in this month of yours are as sacred as this day of yours in this city of yours. Have I conveyed the message?" They replied, "Yes." He said, "O Allah, bear witness." Then he repeated it three times, "O Allah, bear witness."  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ خَطَبَ النَّاسَ بِمِنًى فَقَالَ أَتَدْرُونَ أِيُّ يَوْمٍ هَذَا؟ قَالَ قُلْنَا اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ قَالَ فَسَكَتْ حَتَّى ظَنَنَّا أَنَّهُ سَيُسَمِّيهِ بِغَيْرِ اسْمِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَلَيْسَ يَوْمُ النَّحْرِ؟ قُلْنَا نَعَمْ قَالَ أِيُّ بَلَدٍ هَذَا؟ قُلْنَا اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ قَالَ أَلَيْسَ بِالْبَلَدِ يَعْنِي الْحَرَامَ قُلْنَا بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قَالَ فَإِنَّ دِمَاءَكُمْ وَأَمْوَالَكُمْ وَأَعْرَاضَكُمْ وَأَبْشَارَكُمْ حَرَامٌ كَحُرْمَةِ يَوْمِكُمْ هَذَا فِي شَهْرِكُمْ هَذَا أَلَا هَلْ بَلَّغَتُ؟ قُلْنَا نَعَمْ قَالَ اللهُمَّ اشْهَدْ لِيُبَلِّغِ الشَّاهِدُ الْغَائِبَ فَإِنَّهُ رُبَّ مُبَلِّغٍ يُبَلِّغُ مَنْ هُوَ أَوْعَى لَهُ فَكَانَ كَذَلِكَ وَقَالَ أَلَا لَا تَرْجِعُوا بَعْدِي كُفَّارًا يَضْرِبُ بَعْضُكُمْ رِقَابَ بَعْضٍ