49. Chapter
٤٩۔ كِتَابُ النَّفَقَاتِ
"Indeed the accidental killing, the killing with a whip or stick, for it (the Diyah) is one hundred camels - a severe penalty - of which forty should be (she-camels) with their young in their wombs." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4795)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ أَلَا إِنَّ فِي قَتِيلِ الْعَمْدِ الْخَطَأِ بِالسَّوْطِ أَوِ الْعَصَا مِائَةً مِنَ الْإِبِلِ مُغَلَّظَةً مِنْهَا أَرْبَعُونَ خَلِفَةً فِي بُطُونِهَا أَوْلَادُهَا
[Machine] The questioner said: "Indeed, Allah, the Most Blessed and High, described killing in His book with two attributes, intentionally and accidentally, so why do you say that it is categorized into three types? And why do you say it is similar to intentional killing?" So, Al-Muzani argued with this Hadith and his opponent said to him: "Do you argue using Ali ibn Zaid ibn Jud'an?" So Al-Muzani remained silent. Then I said to his opponent: "This information has been narrated by someone other than Ali ibn Zaid." He replied: "And who is it?"
السَّائِلُ إِنَّ اللهَ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى وَصَفَ الْقَتْلَ فِي كِتَابِهِ صِفَتَيْنِ عَمْدًا وَخَطَأً فَلِمَ قُلْتُمْ إِنَّهُ عَلَى ثَلَاثَةِ أَصْنَافٍ؟ وَلِمَ قُلْتُمْ شِبْهُ الْعَمْدِ؟ يَعْنِي فَاحْتَجَّ الْمُزَنِيُّ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ فَقَالَ لَهُ مُنَاظِرُهُ أَتَحْتَجُّ بِعَلِيِّ بْنِ زَيْدِ بْنِ جُدْعَانَ؟ فَسَكَتَ الْمُزَنِيُّ فَقُلْتُ لِمُنَاظِرِهِ قَدْ رَوَى هَذَا الْخَبَرَ غَيْرُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ زَيْدٍ فَقَالَ وَمَنْ
[Machine] On the authority of the Prophet ﷺ, he said: The killing of a mistake is similar to deliberate killing, as if with a whip and a stick. There are a hundred camels involved in it, including forty of them being pregnant with their offspring. Thus said Ayub on the authority of Al-Qasim bin Rabee'ah on the authority of Abdullah bin Amr bin Al-Aas.
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ قَتْلُ الْخَطَأِ شِبْهُ الْعَمْدِ بِالسَّوْطِ وَالْعَصَا فِيهَا مِائَةٌ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ مِنْهَا أَرْبَعُونَ فِي بُطُونِهَا أَوْلَادُهَا كَذَا قَالَ أَيُّوبُ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ
[Machine] On the authority of a man from the companions of the Prophet ﷺ that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said on the day of the conquest of Mecca, "Verily, in the killing of the mistaken person, there is a resemblance to intentional killing. The killer, the whip, and the wooden stick all share in the guilt, with forty of her children in her belly." And likewise...
عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ يَوْمَ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ أَلَا إِنَّ فِي قَتِيلِ الْخَطَأِ شِبْهِ الْعَمْدِ قَتِيلِ السَّوْطِ وَالْعَصَا الدِّيَةَ مُغَلَّظَةً مِنْهَا أَرْبَعُونَ فِي بُطُونِهَا أَوْلَادُهَا وَكَذَلِكَ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ delivered a sermon on the Day of Victory in Mecca, and he mentioned the hadith and then said: "Verily, the blood money for unintentional killing is equivalent to that of intentional killing, except that it is not to be paid by whipping or beating. It is one hundred camels, forty of which are pregnant females." And so on.
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ خَطَبَ يَوْمَ الْفَتْحِ بِمَكَّةَ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَلَا إِنَّ دِيَةَ قَتِيلِ الْخَطَأِ شِبْهِ الْعَمْدِ مَا كَانَ بِالسَّوْطِ وَالْعَصَا مِائَةٌ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ مِنْهَا أَرْبَعُونَ فِي بُطُونِهَا أَوْلَادُهَا وَكَذَلِكَ
If anyone is killed. Ibn 'Ubaid in his version said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: If anyone is killed in error (blindly) when people are throwing stones, or by beating with whips, or striking with a stick, it is accidental and the compensation for accidental death is due. But if anyone is killed deliberately, retaliation is due. Ibn 'Ubaid in his version: Retaliation of the man is due. The agreed version then goes: If anyone comes in (between the two parties) to prevent it, Allah's curse and anger will rest on him, and neither supererogatory nor obligatory acts will be accepted from him. The version of the tradition of Sufyan is more perfect. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 4539)
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَالَ مَنْ قُتِلَ فِي عِمِّيَّةٍ فِي رِمِّيَّا تَكُونُ بَيْنَهُمْ بِحِجَارَةٍ أَوْ جَلْدٍ بِالسَّوْطِ أَوْ ضَرْبٍ بِعَصًا فَهُوَ خَطَأٌ عَقْلُهُ عَقْلُ الْخَطَأِ وَمَنْ قُتِلَ عَمْدًا فَهُوَ قَوَدُ يَدِهِ وَمَنْ حَالَ دُونَهُ فَعَلَيْهِ لَعْنَةُ اللهِ وَغَضَبُهُ لَا يُقْبَلُ مِنْهُ صَرْفٌ وَلَا عَدْلٌ هَذَا مُرْسَلٌ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Whoever is killed in Al-Ummiya or Al-Rammiya, whether by being hit with a stone or a stick, his intellect is considered to be that of someone who made a mistake. And whoever is killed intentionally, then the responsibility lies upon the perpetrator, and upon him is the curse of Allah, the angels, and all people. No settlement or compensation will be accepted from him, and his words and actions indicate that he intends a mistake. Allah knows best the similarity of mistake, which is similar to intentional killing. And his statement, 'then it is a mistake that he intends, a mistake that is similar to another mistake,' until he is not liable for intentional killing. It is possible that what is meant by it is pure mistake, which is when he throws something and it hits someone else, and his intellect becomes that of a mistake. Allah knows best."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ قُتِلَ فِي عِمِّيَّا أَوْ رِمِّيَّا تَكُونُ بَيْنَهُمْ بِحَجَرٍ أَوْ بِعَصًا فَعَقْلُهُ عَقْلُ خَطَأٍ وَمَنْ قُتِلَ عَمْدًا فَقَوَدُ يَدَيْهِ فَمَنْ حَالَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهُ فَعَلَيْهِ لَعْنَةُ اللهِ وَالْمَلَائِكَةِ وَالنَّاسِ أَجْمَعِينَ لَا يُقْبَلُ مِنْهُ صَرْفٌ وَلَا عَدْلٌ قَوْلُهُ فَعَقْلُهُ عَقْلُ خَطَأٍ يُرِيدُ بِهِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ شِبْهَ الْخَطَأِ وَهُوَ شِبْهُ الْعَمْدِ وَقَوْلُهُ فَهُوَ خَطَأٌ يُرِيدُ بِهِ شِبْهَ خَطَأٍ حَتَّى لَا يَجِبَ بِهِ الْقَوَدُ وَقَدْ يُحْتَمَلُ أَنْ يَكُونَ الْمُرَادُ بِهِ الْخَطَأَ الْمَحْضَ وَذَلِكَ أَنْ يَرْمِيَ شَيْئًا فَيُصِيبَ غَيْرَهُ فَيَكُونَ عَقْلُهُ عَقْلَ الْخَطَأِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The liability for harmful acts caused by things (such as throwing stones) is strict and the owner of the thing causing harm is not to be killed. This is because Satan may hide among a group, so stoning may occur between them unintentionally, without animosity or intention to harm, and without carrying a weapon."
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ شِبْهُ الْعَمْدِ مُغَلَّظَةٌ وَلَا يُقْتَلُ بِهِ صَاحِبُهُ وَذَلِكَ أَنْ يَنْزُوَ الشَّيْطَانُ بَيْنَ الْقَبِيلَةِ فَيَكُونُ بَيْنَهُمْ رِمِّيَّا بِالْحِجَارَةِ فِي عِمِّيَّا فِي غَيْرِ ضَغِينَةٍ وَلَا حَمْلِ سِلَاحٍ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Whoever strikes with a whip unjustly, they will be retaliated against on the Day of Judgment."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ ضَرَبَ بِسَوْطٍ ظُلْمًا اقْتُصَّ مِنْهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ