[Machine] "That they may pardon or that the one in whose hand is the marriage knot may pardon." [Surah Al-Baqarah, verse 237] He said, "I am more deserving of forgiveness than her, so he accepted her dowry.  

أَنْ يَعْفُونَ أَوْ يَعْفُوَ الَّذِي بِيَدِهِ عُقْدَةُ النِّكَاحِ} [البقرة 237] قَالَ أَنَا أَحَقُّ بِالْعَفْوِ مِنْهَا فَسَلَّمَ إِلَيْهَا صَدَاقَهَا  

[Machine] That the woman forgives and leaves half of her dowry or the husband forgives and completes her dowry.  

أَنْ تَعْفُوَ الْمَرْأَةُ فَتَدَعَ نِصْفَ صَدَاقِهَا أَوْ يَعْفُوَ الزَّوْجُ فَيُكْمِلَ لَهَا صَدَاقَهَا  

[Machine] "He said that the one who holds the knot of marriage is the husband."  

أَنَّهُ قَالَ الَّذِي بِيَدِهِ عُقْدَةُ النِّكَاحِ هُوَ الزَّوْجُ  

[Machine] About Sadaq ibn Baniyya, he used to say that after the one who holds the marriage knot, the husband has the right to either forgive her from the entire Sadaq and give it to her, or she has the right to forgive half of the Sadaq that Allah has ordained for her. And if they disagree, she has the right to half of the Sadaq. With this chain of narration from Shu'ayb, he said, "By Allah, Shurayh never issued a judgment dumber than him when he left his first statement and took this one."  

عَنْ صَدَاقِ بَنِيَّ مَرَّةً فَكَانَ يَقُولُ بَعْدَ الَّذِي بِيَدِهِ عُقْدَةُ النِّكَاحِ الزَّوْجُ أَنْ يَعْفُوَ عَنِ الصَّدَاقِ كُلِّهِ فَيُسَلِّمَهُ إِلَيْهَا أَوْ تَعْفُوَ هِيَ عَنِ النِّصْفِ الَّذِي فَرَضَ اللهُ لَهَا وَإِنْ تَشَاحَّا فَلَهَا نِصْفُ الصَّدَاقِ 14452 وَبِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ قَالَ وَاللهِ مَا قَضَى شُرَيْحٌ قَضَاءً قَطُّ كَانَ أَحْمَقَ مِنْهُ حِينَ تَرَكَ قَوْلَهُ الْأَوَّلَ وَأَخَذَ بِهَذَا  

[Machine] Did you consider what would happen if the guardian forgives while the woman refuses? What benefit is the guardian's forgiveness if she refuses, or if she forgives and the guardian refuses, what benefit does the guardian have from that?  

أَرَأَيْتُمْ إِنْ عَفَا الْوَلِيُّ وَأَبَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ مَا يُغْنِي عَفْوُ الْوَلِيِّ أَوْ عَفَتْ هِيَ وَأَبَى الْوَلِيُّ مَا لِلْوَلِيِّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ  

[Machine] Regarding the Prophet ﷺ, the guardian of the marriage contract is the husband, and this is not certain. And Ibn Lahia is not a reliable source for this. And Allah knows best.  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَلِيُّ عَقْدِ النِّكَاحِ الزَّوْجُ وَهَذَا غَيْرُ مَحْفُوظٍ وَابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ غَيْرُ مُحْتَجٍّ بِهِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ  

[Machine] That is her father.  

ذَاكَ أَبُوهَا  

[Machine] In His saying {except if they forgive} [Surah Al-Baqarah, 237], it means that the woman forgives or the one who holds the marriage knot forgives [Surah Al-Baqarah, 237]. The guardian.  

فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى {إِلَّا أَنْ يَعْفُونَ} [البقرة 237] قَالَ أَنْ تَعْفُوَ الْمَرْأَةُ {أَوْ يَعْفُوَ الَّذِي بِيَدِهِ عُقْدَةُ النِّكَاحِ} [البقرة 237] الْوَلِيُّ  

[Machine] In His saying, "except that they pardon each other" [Quran 2:237], it is said that this refers to the divorced woman who is a widow or a virgin, and someone other than her father marries her. Allah has made it permissible for them to pardon each other, whether they choose to part ways or continue the marriage by taking half of the dowry. Then He said, "or he who holds the knot of marriage" [Quran 2:237], which refers to the father of the virgin girl. Allah has made it permissible for him to pardon her without any condition if she is divorced, regardless of her consent.  

فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى {إِلَّا أَنْ يَعْفُونَ} [البقرة 237] قَالَ هِيَ الْمَرْأَةُ الثَّيِّبُ أَوِ الْبِكْرُ يُزَوِّجُهَا غَيْرُ أَبِيهَا فَجَعَلَ اللهُ الْعَفْوَ إِلَيْهِنَّ إِنْ شِئْنَ تَرَكْنَ وَإِنْ شِئْنَ أَخَذْنَ نِصْفَ الصَّدَاقِ ثُمَّ قَالَ {أَوْ يَعْفُوَ الَّذِي بِيَدِهِ عُقْدَةُ النِّكَاحِ} [البقرة 237] وَهُوَ أَبُو الْجَارِيَةِ الْبِكْرِ جَعَلَ اللهُ الْعَفْوَ إِلَيْهِ لَيْسَ لَهَا مَعَهُ أَمْرٌ إِذَا طُلِّقَتْ مَا كَانَتْ فِي حِجْرِهِ  

[Machine] The husband's freedom.  

شُرَيْحٌ الزَّوْجُ  

[Machine] Saeed bin Abi Aruba is happy, and we don't like this.  

سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي عَرُوبَةَ وَلَا يُعْجِبُنَا هَذَا  

[Machine] Allah, the Most High, has commanded forgiveness and permitted it. If she pardons, her forgiveness is valid, and if she withholds and then forgives, her forgiveness is valid. 14460. Wahb said, narrating from Sa'id, who narrated from Jarir, who narrated from Mansur, who narrated from Ibrahim, who said: "This is the view of those who consider the "wali" (the guardian of the woman) as the one who can marry her off. This statement has also been narrated from Abu al-Sha'tha' and al-Zuhri, and it is a valid view. Imam al-Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, initially held this view in the past, but he later returned to the first view, which is the correct view. And Allah knows best."  

أَمَرَ اللهُ سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى بِالْعَفْوِ وَأَذِنَ فِيهَا فَإِنْ عَفَتْ جَازَ عَفْوُهَا وَإِنْ شَحَّتْ وَعَفَا وَلِيُّهَا جَازَ عَفْوُهُ 14460 قَالَ وَحَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ ثنا جَرِيرٌ عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ قَالَ هُوَ الْوَلِيُّ وُرُوِّينَا هَذَا الْقَوْلَ أَيْضًا عَنْ أَبِي الشَّعْثَاءِ وَالزُّهْرِيِّ وَهُوَ قَوْلٌ وَإِلَيْهِ كَانَ يَذْهَبُ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ فِي الْقَدِيمِ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ فِي الْجَدِيدِ إِلَى الْقَوْلِ الْأَوَّلِ وَهُوَ الْقَوْلُ الْأَصَحُّ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ بِالصَّوَابِ  

"I got married to Fatimah, may Allah be pleased with her, and I said: 'O Messenger of Allah, let me consummate the marriage.' He said: 'Give her something.' I said: 'I do not have anything.' He said: 'Where is your Hutami armor?' I said: 'It is with me.' He said: 'Give it to her.'" (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3375)   

ؓ لَمَّا تَزَوَّجْتُ فَاطِمَةَ ؓ بِنْتَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قُلْتُ ابْنُ أَبِي يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قَالَ أَعْطِهَا شَيْئًا فَقُلْتُ أَثِبْنِي يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا عِنْدِي شَيْءٌ قَالَ فَأَيْنَ دِرْعُكَ الْحُطَمِيَّةُ؟ قَالَ قُلْتُ هَا هِيَ ذِي عِنْدِي قَالَ أَعْطِهَا إِيَّاهَا  

When Ali married Fatimah, daughter of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, he intended to have intercourse with her. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prohibited him to do so until he gave her something. Ali said: I have nothing with me, Messenger of Allah. The Prophet ﷺ said: Give her your coat of mail. So he gave her his coat of mail, and then cohabited with her. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2126)   

عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّ عَلِيًّا لَمَّا تَزَوَّجَ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا فَمَنَعَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ حَتَّى يُعْطِيَهَا شَيْئًا فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ لَيْسَ لِي شَيْءٌ فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَعْطِهَا دِرْعَكَ فَأَعْطَاهَا دِرْعَهُ ثُمَّ دَخَلَ بِهَا قَالَ وَحَدَّثَنَا كَثِيرٌ ثنا أَبُو حَيْوَةَ عَنْ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ غَيْلَانَ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ مِثْلَهُ  

[Machine] If he enters upon her, he should throw a cloth or a ring towards her if he has one with him.  

يَدْخُلَ عَلَيْهَا فَلْيُلْقِ إِلَيْهَا رِدَاءً أَوْ خَاتَمًا إِنْ كَانَ مَعَهُ  

[Machine] To offer a woman something from his wealth in the form of clothing and giving that pleases her.  

أَنْ يَقَعَ عَلَى الْمَرْأَةِ حَتَّى يُقَدِّمَ إِلَيْهَا شَيْئًا مِنْ مَالِهِ مَا رَضِيَتْ بِهِ مِنْ كِسْوَةٍ وَعَطَاءٍ  

[Machine] A man married a woman during the time of the Prophet ﷺ, and he prepared her for him before he gave her anything.  

أَنَّ رَجُلًا تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً عَلَى عَهْدِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَجَهَّزَهَا إِلَيْهِ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ يَنْقُدَ شَيْئًا  

[Machine] He married a woman and he was poor, so the Prophet ﷺ ordered people to give him financial support. So he lived with her and did not take anything from her, and then he made it easier for him and married another woman. This was narrated by Abu Taher and Muhammad ibn Musa, who said: Abu al-Abbas narrated to us that Muhammad informed us, on the authority of Hasan ibn Musa, who narrated from Shareek, who narrated from Mansour, who narrated from Talhah, who narrated from Khaythamah, who narrated from Aisha, who narrated from the Prophet ﷺ. A similar narration was also transmitted by Shareek and another person.  

تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً وَكَانَ مُعْسِرًا فَأَمَرَ نَبِيُّ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ يَرْفُقَ بِهِ فَدَخَلَ بِهَا وَلَمْ يَنْقُدْهَا شَيْئًا ثُمَّ أَيْسَرَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَسَاقَ 14467 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو طَاهِرٍ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُوسَى قَالَا ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ ثنا مُحَمَّدٌ أنبأ حَسَنُ بْنُ مُوسَى ثنا شَرِيكٌ عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ عَنْ طَلْحَةَ عَنْ خَيْثَمَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ؓ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ نَحْوَهُ وَصَلَهُ شَرِيكٌ وَأَرْسَلَهُ غَيْرُهُ  

Messenger of Allah ﷺ married me when I was six years old, and I was admitted to his house at the age of nine. She further said: We went to Medina and I had an attack of fever for a month, and my hair had come down to the earlobes. Umm Ruman (my mother) came to me and I was at that time on a swing along with my playmates. She called me loudly and I went to her and I did not know what she had wanted of me. She took hold of my hand and took me to the door, and I was saying: Ha, ha (as if I was gasping), until the agitation of my heart was over. She took me to a house, where had gathered the women of the Ansar. They all blessed me and wished me good luck and said: May you have share in good. She (my mother) entrusted me to them. They washed my head and embellished me and nothing frightened me. Messenger of Allah (, may peace be upon him) came there in the morning, and I was entrusted to him. (Using translation from Muslim 1422a)   

تَزَوَّجَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَسِتِّ سِنِينَ وَبَنَى بِي وَأَنَا ابْنَةُ تِسْعِ سِنِينَ قَالَتْ فَقَدِمْتُ الْمَدِينَةَ فَوُعِكْتُ شَهْرًا فَوَفَى شَعْرِي جُمَيْمَةً فَأَتَتْنِي أُمُّ رُومَانَ وَأَنَا عَلَى أُرْجُوحَةٍ وَمَعِي صَوَاحِبِي فَصَرَخَتْ بِي فَأَتَيْتُهَا وَمَا أَدْرِي مَا يُرَادُ بِي فَأَخَذَتْ بِيَدِي فَأَوْقَفَتْنِي عَلَى الْبَابِ فَقُلْتُ هَهْ هَهْ حَتَّى ذَهَبَ نَفْسِي فَأَدْخَلَتْنِي بَيْتًا فَإِذَا نِسْوَةٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَقُلْنَ عَلَى الْخَيْرِ وَالْبَرَكَةِ وَعَلَى خَيْرِ طَائِرٍ فَأَسْلَمَتْنِي إِلَيْهِنَّ فَغَسَلْنَ رَأْسِي وَأَصْلَحْنَنِي فَلَمْ يَرُعْنِي إِلَّا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ تَعْنِي ضُحًى وَأَسْلَمْنَنِي إِلَيْهِ  

[Machine] My mother used to treat me. She wanted to fatten me with some fat so that she could present me to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . But nothing worked for her until I ate dates with squash. I gained weight from it as much as possible. This was narrated by Muhammad ibn Ishaq from Hisham, with the exception that he said the squash was moist.  

كَانَتْ أُمِّي تُعَالِجُنِي تُرِيدُ تُسَمِّنُنِي بَعْضَ السَّمْنِ لِتُدْخِلَنِي عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَمَا اسْتَقَامَ لَهَا بَعْضُ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى أَكَلْتُ التَّمْرَ بِالْقِثَّاءِ فَسَمِنْتُ عَنْهُ كَأَحْسَنِ مَا يَكُونُ مِنَ السُّمْنَةِ وَرَوَاهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ هِشَامٍ بِمَعْنَاهُ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ الْقِثَّاءُ بِالرُّطَبِ  

My mother intended to make me gain weight to send me to the (house of) the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. But nothing which she desired benefited me till she gave me cucumber with fresh dates to eat. Then I gained as much weight (as she desired). (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3903)   

تُسَمِّنَنِي لِدُخُولِي عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَتْ فَلَمْ أُقْبِلْ عَلَيْهَا بِشَيْءٍ مِمَّا تُرِيدُ حَتَّى أَطْعَمَتْنِي الْقِثَّاءَ بِالرُّطَبِ فَسَمِنْتُ عَلَيْهِ كَأَحْسَنِ السِّمَنِ  

[Machine] I proposed to Fatimah, the daughter of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ . The Prophet ﷺ asked, "Do you have a dowry?" I replied, "I have my riding beast and my shield." He said, "Sell them for four hundred (dirhams)." Then he said, "Buy her plenty of perfume, for indeed she is a woman among women."  

خَطَبْتُ فَاطِمَةَ ؓ بِنْتَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ هَلْ لَكَ مِنْ مَهْرٍ؟ قُلْتُ مَعِي رَاحِلَتِي وَدِرْعِي قَالَ فَبِعْتُهُمَا بِأَرْبَعِمِائَةٍ وَقَالَ أَكْثِرُوا الطِّيبَ لِفَاطِمَةَ فَإِنَّهَا امْرَأَةٌ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ  

We were with the Prophet ﷺ in Ghazwa, and when we returned and approached Medina, I wanted to hurry while riding a slow camel. A rider overtook me and pricked my camel with a spear which he had, whereupon my camel started running as fast as any other fast camel you may see. I looked back, and behold, the rider was Messenger of Allah ﷺ . I said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! I am newly married " He asked, "Have you got married?" I replied, "Yes." He said, "A virgin or a matron?" I replied, "(Not a virgin) but a matron" He said, "Why didn't you marry a young girl so that you could play with her and she with you?" When we reached (near Medina) and were going to enter it, the Prophet ﷺ said, "Wait till you enter your home early in the night so that the lady whose hair is unkempt may comb her hair and that the lady whose husband has been away may shave her pubic hair." (Using translation from Bukhārī 5247)   

كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِي غَزَاةٍ فَلَمَّا أَقْبَلْنَا تَعَجَّلْتُ عَلَى بَعِيرٍ لِي قَطُوفٍ فَلَحِقَنِي رَاكِبٌ مِنْ خَلْفِي فَنَخَّسَ بَعِيرِي بِعَنَزَةٍ كَانَتْ مَعَهُ فَانْطَلَقَ بَعِيرِي كَأَجْوَدِ مَا أَنْتَ رَاءٍ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ فَالْتَفَتُّ فَإِذَا أَنَا بِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ مَا يُعْجِلُكَ يَا جَابِرُ؟ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنِّي حَدِيثُ عَهْدٍ بِعُرْسٍ فَقَالَ أَبِكْرًا تَزَوَّجْتَهَا أَمْ ثَيِّبًا؟ فَقَالَ بَلْ ثَيِّبٌ قَالَ فَهَلَّا جَارِيَةٌ تُلَاعِبُهَا وَتُلَاعِبُكَ؟ قَالَ فَلَمَّا قَدِمْنَا الْمَدِينَةَ ذَهَبْنَا لِنَدْخُلَ فَقَالَ أَمْهِلُوا حَتَّى نَدْخُلَ لَيْلًا أَيْ عِشَاءً كَيْ تَمْتَشِطَ الشَّعِثَةُ وَتَسْتَحِدَّ الْمُغِيبَةُ قَالَ وَقَالَ إِذَا قَدِمْتَ الْمَدِينَةَ فَالْكَيْسَ الْكَيْسَ  

[Machine] In the man who marries a woman, he should be alone with her and not touch her, then he should divorce her, and she will only have half of the dowry, because Allah says {and if you divorce them before you have touched them and you have already specified for them an obligation, then give them half of what you specified} [Al-Baqarah 237].  

فِي الرَّجُلِ يَتَزَوَّجُ الْمَرْأَةَ يَخْلُو بِهَا فَلَا يَمَسَّهَا ثُمَّ يُطَلِّقُهَا لَيْسَ لَهَا إِلَّا نِصْفُ الصَّدَاقِ لِأَنَّ اللهَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ {وَإِنْ طَلَّقْتُمُوهُنَّ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ تَمَسُّوهُنَّ وَقَدْ فَرَضْتُمْ لَهُنَّ فَرِيضَةً فَنِصْفُ مَا فَرَضْتُمْ} [البقرة 237]  

[Machine] He used to say about a man who his wife was brought to him, then he divorced her, claiming that he did not touch her, while he must pay half the dowry.  

أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ فِي رَجُلٍ أُدْخِلَتْ عَلَيْهِ امْرَأَتُهُ ثُمَّ طَلَّقَهَا فَزَعَمَ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَمَسَّهَا قَالَ عَلَيْهِ نِصْفُ الصَّدَاقِ  

[Machine] In His saying, exalted be He: "And if you divorce them before you have touched them and you have already specified for them an obligation, then [give] half of what you specified" [Surah Al-Baqarah 2:237]. This refers to the man who marries a woman and has named a dowry for her, then divorces her before consummating the marriage. In this case, she is entitled to half of the dowry, and no more than that.  

فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى {وَإِنْ طَلَّقْتُمُوهُنَّ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ تَمَسُّوهُنَّ وَقَدْ فَرَضْتُمْ لَهُنَّ فَرِيضَةً فَنِصْفُ مَا فَرَضْتُمْ} [البقرة 237] فَهُوَ الرَّجُلُ يَتَزَوَّجُ الْمَرْأَةَ وَقَدْ سَمَّى لَهَا صَدَاقًا ثُمَّ يُطَلِّقُهَا مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ يَمَسَّهَا وَالْمَسُّ الْجِمَاعُ فَلَهَا نِصْفُ الصَّدَاقِ وَلَيْسَ لَهَا أَكْثَرُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ  

[Machine] In His statement (When you marry believing women and then divorce them before touching them, they are not subject to waiting periods for you to count for them) [Al-Ahzab 49], this man marries a woman and then divorces her before touching her. So, when he divorces her once, she is completely free from him and there is no waiting period for her. She can marry whoever she wants, and then it is mentioned (Give them their due dowries as a duty) (meaning if he has given her a dowry, then she has nothing but half of it, and if he has not given her a dowry, then he is to provide for her according to his means, both reasonably and generously).  

فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى {إِذَا نَكَحْتُمُ الْمُؤْمِنَاتِ ثُمَّ طَلَّقْتُمُوهُنَّ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ تَمَسُّوهُنَّ فَمَا لَكُمْ عَلَيْهِنَّ مِنْ عِدَّةٍ تَعْتَدُّونَهَا} [الأحزاب 49] فَهَذَا الرَّجُلُ يَتَزَوَّجُ الْمَرْأَةَ ثُمَّ يُطَلِّقُهَا مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ يَمَسَّهَا فَإِذَا طَلَّقَهَا وَاحِدَةً بَانَتْ مِنْهُ وَلَا عِدَّةَ عَلَيْهَا تَزَوَّجُ مَنْ شَاءَتْ ثُمَّ قَالَ {مَتِّعُوهُنَّ وَسَرِّحُوهُنَّ سَرَاحًا جَمِيلًا} يَقُولُ إِنْ كَانَ سَمَّى لَهَا صَدَاقًا فَلَيْسَ لَهَا إِلَّا النِّصْفُ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ سَمَّى لَهَا صَدَاقًا مَتَّعَهَا عَلَى قَدْرِ يُسْرِهِ وَعُسْرِهِ وَهُوَ السَّرَاحُ الْجَمِيلُ  

[Machine] "He approached her and she argued with him until Shurayh intervened. Shurayh, the right-hand man of 'Amr (I swear by Allah, there is no god but Him), patiently resolved the matter by ruling for her to receive half the dowry. Ath-Thawri narrated it from Isma'il, and Mu'ghirah narrated it from Ash-Sha'bi, who narrated it from Shurayh. It is reported that a man married a woman, closed the door, lowered the curtain, and then divorced her without touching her. Shurayh ruled that she should receive half the dowry. This was narrated to us by Abu Bakr al-Ardistan, who was informed by Abu Nasr al-Iraqi, who was informed by Sufyan al-Jawhari, who narrated it from 'Ali ibn al-Hasan, who narrated it from 'Abdullah ibn al-Walid, who narrated it from Sufyan."  

أَنَّهُ قَدْ قَرُبَهَا فَخَاصَمَتْهُ إِلَى شُرَيْحٍ فَصَبَرَ شُرَيْحٌ يَمِينَ عَمْرٍو بِاللهِ الَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ مَا قَرُبِهَا وَقَضَى عَلَيْهِ بِنِصْفِ الصَّدَاقِ وَرَوَاهُ الثَّوْرِيُّ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ وَمُغِيرَةَ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ عَنْ شُرَيْحٍ أَنَّ رَجُلًا تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً فَأَغْلَقَ الْبَابَ وَأَرْخَى السِّتْرَ ثُمَّ طَلَّقَهَا وَلَمْ يَمَسَّهَا فَقَضَى لَهَا شُرَيْحٌ بِنِصْفِ الصَّدَاقِ أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْأَرْدَسْتَانِيُّ أنبأ أَبُو نَصْرٍ الْعِرَاقِيُّ أنبأ سُفْيَانُ الْجَوْهَرِيُّ ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ ثنا سُفْيَانُ فَذَكَرَهُ  

[Machine] About Hasan ibn Salih, it was mentioned that there was a split between Sha'bi and Ibn Mas'ud regarding him.  

عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ فَذَكَرَهُ وَفِيهِ انْقِطَاعٌ بَيْنَ الشَّعْبِيِّ وَبَيْنَ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ  

[Machine] When the curtain falls, the farewell becomes necessary.  

أَنَّهُ إِذَا أُرْخِيَتِ السُّتُورُ فَقَدْ وَجَبَ الصَّدَاقُ  

[Machine] If a man enters upon his wife and the curtain is drawn over both of them, then the dowry becomes obligatory.  

إِذَا دَخَلَ الرَّجُلُ بِامْرَأَتِهِ فَأُرْخِيَتْ عَلَيْهِمَا السُّتُورُ فَقَدْ وَجَبَ الصَّدَاقُ  

[Machine] If the door is closed and the curtains are drawn, then the dowry is required.  

إِذَا أُجِيفَ الْبَابُ وَأُرْخِيَتِ السُّتُورُ فَقَدْ وَجَبَ الْمَهْرُ  

[Machine] Ali and Qala said, "When a door is closed and a curtain is hung, she has complete privacy and the necessary provisions."  

وَعَلِيًّا ؓ قَالَا إِذَا أَغْلَقَ بَابًا وَأَرْخَى سِتْرًا فَلَهَا الصَّدَاقُ كَامِلًا وَعَلَيْهَا الْعِدَّةُ  

[Machine] If one closes a door and let's down a curtain, then friendship is required.  

إِذَا أَغْلَقَ بَابًا وَأَرْخَى سِتْرًا فَقَدْ وَجَبَ الصَّدَاقُ  

[Machine] He closed a door and hung a curtain, so friendship and preparation are necessary. This is a sent girdle that they did not perceive, and we have heard it from Umar and Ali, as connected.  

أَغْلَقَ بَابًا وَأَرْخَى سِتْرًا فَقَدْ وَجَبَ الصَّدَاقُ وَالْعِدَّةُ هَذَا مُرْسَلٌ زُرَارَةُ لَمْ يُدْرِكْهُمْ وَقَدْ رُوِّينَاهُ عَنْ عُمَرَ وَعَلِيٍّ ؓ مَوْصُولًا  

[Machine] The saying is her saying.  

الْقَوْلُ قَوْلُهَا  

[Machine] O Marwan, if my love were a rope, would you be content to stay on it forever? He said, "No." Abu Bakr al-Ardistani informed us, and Abu Nasr al-Iraqi informed us, and Sufyan al-Jawhary informed us, and Ali ibn al-Hasan narrated to us, and Abdullah ibn al-Walid narrated to us, and Sufyan mentioned it, and Bukayr ibn al-Ashajj narrated it from Sulayman, and in the story it is mentioned that he said, "I did not have intercourse with her," and the woman said, "She had intercourse with me." Then at the end, he said, "And this is how a woman's testimony is accepted, based on what we have heard from Umar and Ali, which indicates that they considered privacy in regards to transactions similar to taking possession." Imam Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, and is narrated from Umar that he said, "What fault do they have if impotence comes from you?" And that shows that it is resolved by the dowry, even if there is no physical evidence of the woman being touched. The Shaykh, may Allah have mercy on him, said, "As for Zaid ibn Thabit, the apparent meaning of the narration from him indicates that it is not obligatory to observe privacy itself, but rather the statement is made in regards to the claim of being violated. And it is narrated regarding that from the Prophet ﷺ with a Mursal chain."  

يَا مَرْوَانُ لَوْ كَانَتْ حُبْلَى أَكُنْتَ مُقِيمًا عَلَيْهَا الْحَدَّ؟ قَالَ لَا قَالَ فَلَا أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْأَرْدَسْتَانِيُّ أنبأ أَبُو نَصْرٍ الْعِرَاقِيُّ أنبأ سُفْيَانُ الْجَوْهَرِيُّ أنبأ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ ثنا سُفْيَانُ فَذَكَرَهُ وَرَوَاهُ بُكَيْرُ بْنُ الْأَشَجِّ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ وَذَكَرَ فِي الْقِصَّةِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ لَمْ أَطَأْهَا وَقَالَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ قَدْ وَطِئَنِي ثُمَّ قَالَ فِي آخِرِهَا فَكَذَلِكَ تُصَدَّقُ الْمَرْأَةُ مِثْلَ هَذَا ظَاهِرُ مَا رُوِّينَا عَنْ عُمَرَ وَعَلِيٍّ ؓ يَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّهُمَا جَعَلَا الْخَلْوَةَ كَالْقَبْضِ فِي الْبُيُوعِ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَرُوِيَ عَنْ عُمَرَ ؓ أَنَّهُ قَالَ مَا ذَنْبُهُنَّ إِنْ جَاءَ الْعَجْزُ مِنْ قِبَلِكُمْ وَذَلِكَ يَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّهُ يُقْضَى بِالْمَهْرِ وَإِنْ لَمْ تَدَّعِ الْمَسِيسَ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَأَمَّا زَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ فَظَاهِرُ الرِّوَايَةِ عَنْهُ يَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّهُ لَا يُوجِبُهُ بِنَفْسِ الْخَلْوَةِ لَكِنْ يُجْعَلُ الْقَوْلُ قولها فِي الْإِصَابَةِ وَرُوِيَ فِي ذَلِكَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِإِسْنَادٍ مُرْسَلٍ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Whoever uncovers a woman and looks at her 'awrah (private parts), then he has to give her the dowry." This was narrated to us by Umar ibn al-Khattab, Sa'id ibn al-Musayyib, Al-Hasan al-Basri, Urwah ibn al-Zubayr, Abu Bakr ibn Hazm, Rabeeah ibn Abi Abdul Rahman, Abu al-Zinad, Zaid ibn Aslam, and it was narrated by Ibn Lahi'ah from Abu al-Aswad from Muhammad ibn Abdur Rahman ibn Thawban from the Prophet ﷺ as a Mursal hadith. "Whoever uncovers the face-covering of a woman and looks at her, then he has to give her the dowry, whether he had sexual intercourse with her or not." The views of these narrators are not mentioned and this narration is disconnected and some of its narrators are not considered reliable. Allah knows best.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ كَشَفَ امْرَأَةً فَنَظَرَ إِلَى عَوْرَتِهَا فَقَدْ وَجَبَ الصَّدَاقُ قَالَ وَبَلَغَنَا ذَلِكَ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ وَسَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ وَالْحَسَنِ الْبَصْرِيِّ وَعُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ وَأَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ حَزْمٍ وَرَبِيعَةَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ وَأَبِي الزِّنَادِ وَزَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ وَرَوَاهُ ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي الْأَسْوَدِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ ثَوْبَانَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مُرْسَلًا مَنْ كَشَفَ خِمَارَ امْرَأَةٍ وَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهَا فَقَدْ وَجَبَ الصَّدَاقُ دَخَلَ بِهَا أَوْ لَمْ يَدْخُلْ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ مَذْهَبَ هَؤُلَاءِ وَهَذَا مُنْقَطِعٌ وَبَعْضُ رُوَاتِهِ غَيْرُ مُحْتَجٍّ بِهِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ married a woman from Ghufran, and when he went to her, he commanded her to remove her garment. He saw a whiteness from leprosy on her chest, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ turned away and said, "Put on your clothing." He spent the night and in the morning he said to her, "Return to your family, and I will complete your dowry (mahr)."  

تَزَوَّجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ امْرَأَةً مِنْ غِفَارٍ فَدَخَلَ بِهَا فَأَمَرَهَا فَنَزَعَتْ ثَوْبَهَا فَرَأَى بِهَا بَيَاضًا مِنْ بَرَصٍ عِنْدَ ثَدْيِهَا فَانْمَازَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَقَالَ خُذِي ثَوْبَكِ فَأَصْبَحَ وَقَالَ لَهَا الْحَقِي بِأَهْلِكِ فَأَكْمَلَ لَهَا صَدَاقَهَا  

[Machine] Ka'b, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, married a woman from the tribe of Ghifar and she was presented to him. He saw the tightness of her clothes and the whiteness of her skin, so he said, "Give me your clothes and pay her dowry."  

كَعْبٌ تَزَوَّجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ امْرَأَةً مِنْ بَنِي غِفَارٍ فَأُهْدِيَتْ إِلَيْهِ فَرَأَى بِكَشْحِهَا وَضَحًا مِنْ بَيَاضٍ قَالَ ضُمِّي إِلَيْكِ ثِيَابَكِ وَالْحَقِي بِأَهْلِكِ وَأَلْحَقَ لَهَا مَهْرَهَا  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ married a woman from the tribe of Ghifar. When he entered upon her, he found her dressing humbly. He said, "Wrap yourself in your garments," and he did not take anything from what he had given her. This hadith is disputed and differs from that of Jameel bin Zaid, as you can see. Al-Bukhari said, "His hadith is not valid."  

النَّبِيَّ ﷺ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً مِنْ غِفَارٍ فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا وَجَدَ بِكَشْحِهَا بَيَاضًا فَقَالَ ضُمِّي إِلَيْكِ ثِيَابَكِ وَلَمْ يَأْخُذْ مِمَّا آتَاهَا شَيْئًا هَذَا مُخْتَلَفٌ فِيهِ عَلَى جَمِيلِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ كَمَا تَرَى قَالَ الْبُخَارِيُّ لَمْ يَصِحَّ حَدِيثُهُ  

[Machine] He used to say to every divorced woman that she is entitled to enjoyment except for the one who is divorced and has been given the dowry but has not been touched. In her case, only half of the dowry she was given is required. This statement has been narrated from the followers of Qasim ibn Muhammad, Mujahid, and Sha'bi.  

كَانَ يَقُولُ لِكُلِّ مُطَلَّقَةٍ مُتْعَةٌ إِلَّا الَّتِي تُطَلَّقُ وَقَدْ فُرِضَ لَهَا الصَّدَاقُ وَلَمْ تُمَسَّ فَحَسْبُهَا نِصْفُ مَا فُرِضَ لَهَا وَرُوِّينَا هَذَا الْقَوْلَ مِنَ التَّابِعِينَ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَمُجَاهِدٍ وَالشَّعْبِيِّ  

[Machine] By Allah, I did not intend this, so she stayed until her waiting period ended and changed. Then, Al-Hasan ibn Ali sent her the remaining part of her mahr and twenty thousand dirhams as a gift. When the messenger came to her and she saw the money, she said, "A little provision from a beloved one who is departing." So the messenger informed Al-Hasan ibn Ali, and he cried and said, "If I had not heard my father narrate from my grandfather the Prophet ﷺ that he said, 'Whoever divorces his wife three times, she is not lawful for him until she marries another husband,' I would have taken her back. And it has been mentioned in the verse of Mut'ah that the gift should be lawful."  

وَاللهِ مَا أَرَدْتُ هَذَا فَمَكَثَتْ حَتَّى انْقَضَتْ عِدَّتُهَا وَتَحَوَّلَتْ فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ بَقِيَّةً مِنْ صَدَاقِهَا وَبِمُتْعَةِ عِشْرِينَ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ فَلَمَّا جَاءَهَا الرَّسُولُ وَرَأَتِ الْمَالَ قَالَتْ مَتَاعٌ قَلِيلٌ مِنْ حَبِيبٍ مُفَارِقٍ فَأَخْبَرَ الرَّسُولُ الْحَسَنَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ ؓ فَبَكَى وَقَالَ لَوْلَا أَنِّي سَمِعْتُ أَبِي يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ جَدِّي النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَالَ مَنْ طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ ثَلَاثًا لَمْ تَحِلَّ لَهُ حَتَّى تَنْكِحَ زَوْجًا غَيْرَهُ لَرَاجَعْتُهَا وَقَدْ جَاءَ فِي مُتْعَةِ الْمَدْخُولِ بِهَا مَا  

[Machine] When Hafs ibn al-Mughira divorced his wife, Fatimah, she went to the Prophet ﷺ and he said to her husband, "Give her her allowance." He replied, "I cannot afford to give her an allowance." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Even if it is a half sa' of dates." And her well-known menstruation period is evidence that he had intercourse with her. Allah knows best.  

لَمَّا طَلَّقَ حَفْصُ بْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ امْرَأَتَهُ فَاطِمَةَ فَأَتَتِ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَ لِزَوْجِهَا مَتِّعْهَا قَالَ لَا أَجِدُ مَا أُمَتِّعُهَا قَالَ فَإِنَّهُ لَا بُدَّ مِنَ الْمَتَاعِ قَالَ مَتِّعْهَا وَلَوْ نِصْفِ صَاعٍ مِنْ تَمْرٍ وَقِصَّتُهَا الْمَشْهُورَةُ فِي الْعِدَّةِ دَلِيلٌ عَلَى أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ مَدْخُولًا بِهَا وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ  

[Machine] Every divorced woman has pleasure and the divorced women have provision in a known manner, rightfully upon the righteous, and we have narrated this statement from Abu Al-Alia, Al-Hasan, and Al-Zuhri.  

لِكُلِّ مُطَلَّقَةٍ مُتْعَةٌ وَلِلْمُطَلَّقَاتِ مَتَاعٌ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ حَقًّا عَلَى الْمُتَّقِينَ وَرُوِّينَا هَذَا الْقَوْلَ عَنْ أَبِي الْعَالِيَةِ وَالْحَسَنِ وَالزُّهْرِيِّ  

[Machine] A woman came to Shurayh arguing with her husband, asking him for pleasure while he had divorced her. Shurayh then recited the verse: "For divorced women is a provision according to what is acceptable - a duty upon the righteous." [Surah Al-Baqarah 2:241]. He said to her, "Give her pleasure, but do not decide upon her." We also narrated from Muhammad ibn Sireen from Shurayh that he said to a man who had separated from his wife, "Do you not want to be among the righteous? Do you not want to be among the good-doers?" And from Ibrahim and Sha'bi, from Shurayh, "If you are among the righteous, then give her pleasure." He did not force him. We also narrated from Shurayh that he obliged him to provide pleasure during the waiting period before reconciliation.  

جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةٌ إِلَى شُرَيْحٍ تُخَاصِمُ زَوْجَهَا تَسْأَلُهُ الْمُتْعَةَ وَقَدْ كَانَ طَلَّقَهَا قَالَ فَقَرَأَ شُرَيْحٌ {وَلِلْمُطَلَّقَاتِ مَتَاعٌ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ حَقًّا عَلَى الْمُتَّقِينَ} [البقرة 241] فَقَالَ لَهُ مَتِّعْهَا وَلَمْ يَقْضِ لَهَا وَرُوِّينَا عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِيرِينَ عَنْ شُرَيْحٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ لِرَجُلٍ فَارَقَ لَا تَأْبَى أَنْ تَكُونَ مِنَ الْمُتَّقِينَ لَا تَأْبَى أَنْ تَكُونَ مِنَ الْمُحْسِنِينَ وَعَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَالشَّعْبِيِّ عَنْ شُرَيْحٍ إِنْ كُنْتَ مِنَ الْمُتَّقِينَ فَمَتِّعْ وَلَمْ يُجْبِرْهُ وَرُوِّينَا عَنْ شُرَيْحٍ أَنَّهُ جَبَرَهُ عَلَى الْمُتْعَةِ فِي الْمُفَوَّضَةِ قَبْلَ الدُّخُولِ  

[Machine] "Allah provides for divorced women according to what is reasonable. This is an obligation on the righteous. And for the divorced women, the provision must be fair from the righteous. And there is no blame upon them." [Surah Al-Baqarah: 241]  

اللهُ {وَلِلْمُطَلَّقَاتِ مَتَاعٌ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ حَقًّا عَلَى الْمُتَّقِينَ} [البقرة 241] وَلِلْمُطَلَّقَاتِ مَتَاعٌ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ حَقًّا عَلَى الْمُحْسِنِينَ وَلَيْسَ مِنْ أُولَئِكِ  

[Machine] Abdul Rahman ibn Auf came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ with a yellow mark on his body, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ asked him about it. Abdul Rahman ibn Auf informed him that he had married a woman from the Ansar. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ asked him how much he had given as mahr (dowry) to her. Abdul Rahman ibn Auf replied, "The weight of a date stone made of gold." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Have you done this even if it was just with a sheep?"  

أَنَّ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ عَوْفٍ ؓ جَاءَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَبِهِ أَثَرُ صُفْرَةٍ فَسَأَلَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّهُ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ كَمْ سُقْتَ إِلَيْهَا؟ قَالَ زِنَةُ نَوَاةٍ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَوْلِمْ وَلَوْ بِشَاةٍ  

What is this? Thereupon he said: Messenger of Allah, I have married a woman for a date-stone's weight of gold. He said: God bless you! Hold a wedding feast, even if only with a sheep. (Using translation from Muslim 1427a)   

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ رَأَى عَلَى عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ ؓ أَثَرَ صُفْرَةٍ فَقَالَ مَا هَذَا؟ قَالَ إِنِّي تَزَوَّجْتُ امْرَأَةً عَلَى وَزْنِ نَوَاةٍ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ قَالَ فَبَارَكَ اللهُ لَكَ أَوْلِمْ وَلَوْ بِشَاةٍ  

When ʿAbdur-Rahman bin ʿAuf came to Medina and the Prophet ﷺ established the bond of brotherhood between him and Saʿd bin Ar-Rabi-al-Ansari, Saud suggested that ʿAbdur-Rahman should accept half of his property and family. ʿAbdur Rahman said, "May Allah bless you in your family and property; guide me to the market." So ʿAbdur-Rahman (while doing business in the market) made some profit of some condensed dry yoghurt and butter. After a few days the Prophet ﷺ saw him wearing clothes stained with yellow perfume. The Prophet ﷺ asked, "What is this, O ʿAbdur-Rahman?" He said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! I have married an Ansar' woman." The Prophet ﷺ asked, "What have you given her as Mahr?" He (i.e. ʿAbdur-Rahman) said, "A piece of gold, about the weight of a date stone." Then the Prophet said, Give a banquet, even though of a sheep." (Using translation from Bukhārī 3937)   

لَمَّا قَدِمَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَوْفٍ ؓ الْمَدِينَةَ فَآخَى النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ سَعْدِ بْنِ الرَّبِيعِ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ فَعَرَضَ عَلَيْهِ سَعْدٌ أَنْ يُنَاصِفَهُ أَهْلَهُ وَمَالَهُ وَكَانَ لَهُ امْرَأَتَانِ فَقَالَ لَهُ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بَارَكَ اللهُ لَكَ فِي أَهْلِكَ وَمَالِكَ دُلُّونِي عَلَى السُّوقِ قَالَ فَأَتَى السُّوقَ فَرَبِحَ شَيْئًا مِنْ أَقِطٍ وَشَيْئًا مِنْ سَمْنٍ فَرَآهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بَعْدَ أَيَّامٍ وَعَلَيْهِ وَضَرٌ مِنْ صُفْرَةٍ فَقَالَ مَهْيَمْ؟ فَقَالَ تَزَوَّجْتُ امْرَأَةً مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَقَالَ مَا سُقْتَ إِلَيْهَا؟ قَالَ وَزْنُ نَوَاةٍ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ فَقَالَ أَوْلِمْ وَلَوْ بِشَاةٍ