40. Chapter
٤٠۔ كِتَابُ الصَّدَاقِ
[Machine] When the curtain falls, the farewell becomes necessary.
أَنَّهُ إِذَا أُرْخِيَتِ السُّتُورُ فَقَدْ وَجَبَ الصَّدَاقُ
[Machine] If a man enters upon his wife and the curtain is drawn over both of them, then the dowry becomes obligatory.
إِذَا دَخَلَ الرَّجُلُ بِامْرَأَتِهِ فَأُرْخِيَتْ عَلَيْهِمَا السُّتُورُ فَقَدْ وَجَبَ الصَّدَاقُ
[Machine] If the door is closed and the curtains are drawn, then the dowry is required.
إِذَا أُجِيفَ الْبَابُ وَأُرْخِيَتِ السُّتُورُ فَقَدْ وَجَبَ الْمَهْرُ
[Machine] Ali and Qala said, "When a door is closed and a curtain is hung, she has complete privacy and the necessary provisions."
وَعَلِيًّا ؓ قَالَا إِذَا أَغْلَقَ بَابًا وَأَرْخَى سِتْرًا فَلَهَا الصَّدَاقُ كَامِلًا وَعَلَيْهَا الْعِدَّةُ
[Machine] If one closes a door and let's down a curtain, then friendship is required.
إِذَا أَغْلَقَ بَابًا وَأَرْخَى سِتْرًا فَقَدْ وَجَبَ الصَّدَاقُ
[Machine] He closed a door and hung a curtain, so friendship and preparation are necessary. This is a sent girdle that they did not perceive, and we have heard it from Umar and Ali, as connected.
أَغْلَقَ بَابًا وَأَرْخَى سِتْرًا فَقَدْ وَجَبَ الصَّدَاقُ وَالْعِدَّةُ هَذَا مُرْسَلٌ زُرَارَةُ لَمْ يُدْرِكْهُمْ وَقَدْ رُوِّينَاهُ عَنْ عُمَرَ وَعَلِيٍّ ؓ مَوْصُولًا
الْقَوْلُ قَوْلُهَا
[Machine] O Marwan, if my love were a rope, would you be content to stay on it forever? He said, "No." Abu Bakr al-Ardistani informed us, and Abu Nasr al-Iraqi informed us, and Sufyan al-Jawhary informed us, and Ali ibn al-Hasan narrated to us, and Abdullah ibn al-Walid narrated to us, and Sufyan mentioned it, and Bukayr ibn al-Ashajj narrated it from Sulayman, and in the story it is mentioned that he said, "I did not have intercourse with her," and the woman said, "She had intercourse with me." Then at the end, he said, "And this is how a woman's testimony is accepted, based on what we have heard from Umar and Ali, which indicates that they considered privacy in regards to transactions similar to taking possession." Imam Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, and is narrated from Umar that he said, "What fault do they have if impotence comes from you?" And that shows that it is resolved by the dowry, even if there is no physical evidence of the woman being touched. The Shaykh, may Allah have mercy on him, said, "As for Zaid ibn Thabit, the apparent meaning of the narration from him indicates that it is not obligatory to observe privacy itself, but rather the statement is made in regards to the claim of being violated. And it is narrated regarding that from the Prophet ﷺ with a Mursal chain."
يَا مَرْوَانُ لَوْ كَانَتْ حُبْلَى أَكُنْتَ مُقِيمًا عَلَيْهَا الْحَدَّ؟ قَالَ لَا قَالَ فَلَا أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْأَرْدَسْتَانِيُّ أنبأ أَبُو نَصْرٍ الْعِرَاقِيُّ أنبأ سُفْيَانُ الْجَوْهَرِيُّ أنبأ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ ثنا سُفْيَانُ فَذَكَرَهُ وَرَوَاهُ بُكَيْرُ بْنُ الْأَشَجِّ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ وَذَكَرَ فِي الْقِصَّةِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ لَمْ أَطَأْهَا وَقَالَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ قَدْ وَطِئَنِي ثُمَّ قَالَ فِي آخِرِهَا فَكَذَلِكَ تُصَدَّقُ الْمَرْأَةُ مِثْلَ هَذَا ظَاهِرُ مَا رُوِّينَا عَنْ عُمَرَ وَعَلِيٍّ ؓ يَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّهُمَا جَعَلَا الْخَلْوَةَ كَالْقَبْضِ فِي الْبُيُوعِ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَرُوِيَ عَنْ عُمَرَ ؓ أَنَّهُ قَالَ مَا ذَنْبُهُنَّ إِنْ جَاءَ الْعَجْزُ مِنْ قِبَلِكُمْ وَذَلِكَ يَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّهُ يُقْضَى بِالْمَهْرِ وَإِنْ لَمْ تَدَّعِ الْمَسِيسَ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَأَمَّا زَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ فَظَاهِرُ الرِّوَايَةِ عَنْهُ يَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّهُ لَا يُوجِبُهُ بِنَفْسِ الْخَلْوَةِ لَكِنْ يُجْعَلُ الْقَوْلُ قولها فِي الْإِصَابَةِ وَرُوِيَ فِي ذَلِكَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِإِسْنَادٍ مُرْسَلٍ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Whoever uncovers a woman and looks at her 'awrah (private parts), then he has to give her the dowry." This was narrated to us by Umar ibn al-Khattab, Sa'id ibn al-Musayyib, Al-Hasan al-Basri, Urwah ibn al-Zubayr, Abu Bakr ibn Hazm, Rabeeah ibn Abi Abdul Rahman, Abu al-Zinad, Zaid ibn Aslam, and it was narrated by Ibn Lahi'ah from Abu al-Aswad from Muhammad ibn Abdur Rahman ibn Thawban from the Prophet ﷺ as a Mursal hadith. "Whoever uncovers the face-covering of a woman and looks at her, then he has to give her the dowry, whether he had sexual intercourse with her or not." The views of these narrators are not mentioned and this narration is disconnected and some of its narrators are not considered reliable. Allah knows best.
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ كَشَفَ امْرَأَةً فَنَظَرَ إِلَى عَوْرَتِهَا فَقَدْ وَجَبَ الصَّدَاقُ قَالَ وَبَلَغَنَا ذَلِكَ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ وَسَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ وَالْحَسَنِ الْبَصْرِيِّ وَعُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ وَأَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ حَزْمٍ وَرَبِيعَةَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ وَأَبِي الزِّنَادِ وَزَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ وَرَوَاهُ ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي الْأَسْوَدِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ ثَوْبَانَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مُرْسَلًا مَنْ كَشَفَ خِمَارَ امْرَأَةٍ وَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهَا فَقَدْ وَجَبَ الصَّدَاقُ دَخَلَ بِهَا أَوْ لَمْ يَدْخُلْ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ مَذْهَبَ هَؤُلَاءِ وَهَذَا مُنْقَطِعٌ وَبَعْضُ رُوَاتِهِ غَيْرُ مُحْتَجٍّ بِهِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ
[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ married a woman from Ghufran, and when he went to her, he commanded her to remove her garment. He saw a whiteness from leprosy on her chest, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ turned away and said, "Put on your clothing." He spent the night and in the morning he said to her, "Return to your family, and I will complete your dowry (mahr)."
تَزَوَّجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ امْرَأَةً مِنْ غِفَارٍ فَدَخَلَ بِهَا فَأَمَرَهَا فَنَزَعَتْ ثَوْبَهَا فَرَأَى بِهَا بَيَاضًا مِنْ بَرَصٍ عِنْدَ ثَدْيِهَا فَانْمَازَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَقَالَ خُذِي ثَوْبَكِ فَأَصْبَحَ وَقَالَ لَهَا الْحَقِي بِأَهْلِكِ فَأَكْمَلَ لَهَا صَدَاقَهَا
[Machine] Ka'b, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, married a woman from the tribe of Ghifar and she was presented to him. He saw the tightness of her clothes and the whiteness of her skin, so he said, "Give me your clothes and pay her dowry."
كَعْبٌ تَزَوَّجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ امْرَأَةً مِنْ بَنِي غِفَارٍ فَأُهْدِيَتْ إِلَيْهِ فَرَأَى بِكَشْحِهَا وَضَحًا مِنْ بَيَاضٍ قَالَ ضُمِّي إِلَيْكِ ثِيَابَكِ وَالْحَقِي بِأَهْلِكِ وَأَلْحَقَ لَهَا مَهْرَهَا
[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ married a woman from the tribe of Ghifar. When he entered upon her, he found her dressing humbly. He said, "Wrap yourself in your garments," and he did not take anything from what he had given her. This hadith is disputed and differs from that of Jameel bin Zaid, as you can see. Al-Bukhari said, "His hadith is not valid."
النَّبِيَّ ﷺ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً مِنْ غِفَارٍ فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا وَجَدَ بِكَشْحِهَا بَيَاضًا فَقَالَ ضُمِّي إِلَيْكِ ثِيَابَكِ وَلَمْ يَأْخُذْ مِمَّا آتَاهَا شَيْئًا هَذَا مُخْتَلَفٌ فِيهِ عَلَى جَمِيلِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ كَمَا تَرَى قَالَ الْبُخَارِيُّ لَمْ يَصِحَّ حَدِيثُهُ