The Prophet ﷺ said: If anyone says when swearing an oath: "If Allah wills," he makes an exception. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3261)   

النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ فَقَالَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ فَقَدِ اسْتَثْنَى  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Whoever takes an oath and says 'Insha'Allah' (if Allah wills), then he will have two rewards: one for fulfilling the oath and another for the expression of 'Insha'Allah'. This is narrated from the first of the benefits of Abu 'Amr bin Hamdan, Ayoub bin Musa, and likewise it is narrated from Ibn Wahb, from Sufyan, from Ayoub bin Musa. Indeed, this hadith is only known as marfu' (attributed to the Prophet) from the hadith of Ayoub al-Sakhityani."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ حَلَفَ فَقَالَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ فَلَهُ ثُنْيَا كَذَا وَجَدْتُهُ وَهُوَ فِي الْأَوَّلِ مِنْ فَوَائِدِ أَبِي عَمْرِو بْنِ حَمْدَانَ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ مُوسَى وَكَذَلِكَ رُوِيَ عَنِ ابْنِ وَهْبٍ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ مُوسَى وَإِنَّمَا يُعْرَفُ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ مَرْفُوعًا مِنْ حَدِيثِ أَيُّوبَ السَّخْتِيَانِيِّ  

"Whoever swears an oath and says, 'If Allah wills,' then he has the choice: If he wishes, he may go ahead, and if he wishes he may not." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3830)   

النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ فَقَالَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ فَهُوَ بِالْخِيَارِ إِنْ شَاءَ فَلْيَمْضِ وَإِنْ شَاءَ فَلْيَتْرُكْ  

[Machine] Whoever swears an oath and adds an exception, he has the choice to fulfill it if he wants to continue on his oath, or he has the choice to retract it without any blame. Abu Bakr ibn al-Harith al-Faqih informed us, Abu Muhammad ibn Hayyan al-Asbahani narrated to us, Abdan narrated to us, Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah narrated to us, Ibn Ulayyah mentioned it in a similar way except that he said, "I only know this from the Prophet's ﷺ mention of Ayyub." He said regarding him, "The doubt was from Ayyub." And he said at the end, "He retracted it without falsehood." Abu Bakr ibn al-Harith al-Faqih informed us, Abu Muhammad ibn Hayyan narrated to us, Abdan narrated to us, Abu Bakr ibn Khalad narrated, Hammad ibn Zayd said, Ayyub used to transmit this hadith, then he stopped. The sheikh said, "Perhaps he stopped transmitting it due to doubt in its transmission." And he is Ayyub ibn Abi Tamimah al-Sakhtiyani. And it has also been narrated from Musa ibn Uqbah, Abdullah ibn Umar, Hassan ibn Atiya, and Kathir ibn Farqad, from Nafi', from Ibn Umar, from the Prophet ﷺ. And its transmission is hardly considered authentic except from the perspective of Ayyub al-Sakhtiyani. And Ayyub also had doubt in it. And the narration of the majority is correct from various perspectives according to Nafi', from Ibn Umar, from his statement not being raised. And Allah knows best.  

ﷺ مَنْ حَلَفَ فَاسْتَثْنَى فَهُوَ بِالْخِيَارِ إِنْ شَاءَ أَنْ يَمْضِيَ عَلَى يَمِينِهِ مَضَى وَإِنْ شَاءَ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ رَجَعَ غَيْرَ حَرِجٍ 19918 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ الْفَقِيهُ أنبأ أَبُو مُحَمَّدِ بْنُ حَيَّانَ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ ثنا عَبْدَانُ ثنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ثنا ابْنُ عُلَيَّةَ فَذَكَرَهُ بِنَحْوِهِ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ لَا أَعْلَمُ إِلَّا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ الشَّكُّ مِنْ أَيُّوبَ وَقَالَ فِي آخِرِهِ رَجَعَ غَيْرَ حَنِثٍ 19919 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ الْفَقِيهُ ثنا أَبُو مُحَمَّدِ بْنُ حَيَّانَ ثنا عَبْدَانُ ثنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ خَلَّادٍ قَالَ قَالَ حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ كَانَ أَيُّوبُ يَرْفَعُ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ ثُمَّ تَرَكَهُ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ لَعَلَّهُ إِنَّمَا تَرَكَهُ لِشَكٍّ اعْتَرَاهُ فِي رَفْعِهِ وَهُوَ أَيُّوبُ بْنُ أَبِي تَمِيمَةَ السَّخْتِيَانِيُّ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ ذَلِكَ أَيْضًا عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عُقْبَةَ وَعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ وَحَسَّانَ بْنِ عَطِيَّةَ وَكَثِيرِ بْنِ فَرْقَدٍ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ ؓ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَلَا يَكَادُ يَصِحُّ رَفْعُهُ إِلَّا مِنْ جِهَةِ أَيُّوبَ السَّخْتِيَانِيِّ وَأَيُّوبُ يَشُكُّ فِيهِ أَيْضًا وَرِوَايَةُ الْجَمَاعَةِ مِنْ أَوْجُهٍ صَحِيحَةٍ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ ؓ مِنْ قَوْلِهِ غَيْرَ مَرْفُوعٍ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ  

[Machine] If Allah wills, and he did not do what he swore upon, then he did not break his oath.  

إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ فَلَمْ يَفْعَلِ الَّذِي حَلَفَ عَلَيْهِ لَمْ يَحْنَثْ  

The Prophet ﷺ said: If anyone says when swearing an oath: "If Allah wills," he makes an exception. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3261)   

إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ فَقَدِ اسْتَثْنَى  

[Machine] Regarding Ata and Tawus and Mujahid, an exception is made in divorce, emancipation, and in everything permissible. And what was narrated about Muadh, elevated and mentioned in the book of divorce.  

عَنْ عَطَاءٍ وَطَاوُسٍ وَمُجَاهِدٍ الِاسْتِثْنَاءُ فِي الطَّلَاقِ وَفِي الْعِتَاقِ وَفِي كُلِّ شَيْءٍ جَائِزٌ وَالَّذِي رُوِيَ فِيهِ عَنْ مُعَاذٍ مَرْفُوعًا مَذْكُورٌ فِي كِتَابِ الطَّلَاقِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "O Mu'adh bin Jabal, when a man says to his wife, 'You are divorced if Allah wills,' then she is not divorced. And when he says to his slave, 'You are free if Allah wills,' then he is free." Humaid bin Malik narrated this hadith, but his credibility is unknown, and there is disagreement about the chain of narrators. It is said that this narration is from Mak'hool from Malik bin Yu'khmur from Mu'adh, and it is also said that it is from Mak'hool from Mu'adh, and this chain is broken.  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَا مُعَاذُ بْنَ جَبَلٍ إِذَا قَالَ الرَّجُلُ لِامْرَأَتِهِ أَنْتِ طَالِقٌ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ لَمْ تُطَلَّقْ وَإِذَا قَالَ لِعَبْدِهِ أَنْتَ حُرٌّ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ فَإِنَّهُ حُرٌّ تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ حُمَيْدُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ وَهُوَ مَجْهُولٌ وَاخْتُلِفَ عَلَيْهِ فِي إِسْنَادِهِ فَقِيلَ هَكَذَا وَقِيلَ عَنْهُ عَنْ مَكْحُولٍ عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ يُخَامِرَ عَنْ مُعَاذٍ وَقِيلَ عَنْهُ عَنْ مَكْحُولٍ عَنْ مُعَاذٍ وَهُوَ مُنْقَطِعٌ  

[Machine] If God wills, and then He connected the words with an exception, and then He did what He swore to, he did not break his oath. This is a suspended matter.  

إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ ثُمَّ وَصَلَ الْكَلَامَ بَالِاسْتِثْنَاءِ ثُمَّ فَعَلَ الَّذِي حَلَفَ عَلَيْهِ لَمْ يَحْنَثْ هَذَا مَوْقُوفٌ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , used to say: "Whoever swears an oath and then says 'Insha Allah' after it, and then breaks his oath, the expiation for his oath is upon Allah, if He wills."  

رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ يَقُولُ مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ فَقَالَ فِي أَثَرِ يَمِينِهِ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ ثُمَّ حَنِثَ فِيمَا حَلَفَ فِيهِ فَإِنَّ كَفَّارَةَ يَمِينِهِ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ  

[Machine] Every exception that is connected is not considered a violation against its owner, and if it is not connected, then it is a violation.  

كُلُّ اسْتِثْنَاءٍ مَوْصُولٌ فَلَا حَنَثَ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ وَإِنْ كَانَ غَيْرَ مَوْصُولٍ فَهُوَ حَانِثٌ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said, "By Allah, I will certainly attack the Quraysh! By Allah, I will certainly attack the Quraysh!" Then he remained silent for a while and said, "If Allah wills." This hadith was narrated by Abu Ahmad al-Zubairi from Shurayk in the same manner. He also said, "Then he remained silent for a while and said, 'If Allah wills.' Abu al-Hasan Ali bin Muhammad al-Muqri informed us that Al-Hasan bin Muhammad bin Ishaq narrated from Yusuf bin Yaqub who narrated from Abu al-Rabi' who narrated from Abu Ahmad who narrated from Shurayk. Qutaybah bin Saeed narrated it from Shurayk and recorded it, but he did not mention the moments of silence."  

النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ وَاللهِ لَأَغْزُوَنَّ قُرَيْشًا وَاللهِ لَأَغْزُوَنَّ قُرَيْشًا ثُمَّ سَكَتَ سَاعَةً ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ 19928 وَرَوَاهُ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ الزُّبَيْرِيُّ عَنْ شَرِيكٍ كَذَلِكَ مَوْصُولًا وَقَالَ ثُمَّ سَكَتَ سَكْتَةً ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمُقْرِئُ أنبأ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ ثنا يُوسُفُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا أَبُو الرَّبِيعِ ثنا أَبُو أَحْمَدَ ثنا شَرِيكٌ فَذَكَرَهُ وَرَوَاهُ قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ شَرِيكٍ فَأَرْسَلَهُ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرِ السُّكَاتَ  

[Machine] "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'By Allah, I will surely attack the Quraysh, by Allah, I will surely attack the Quraysh, by Allah, I will surely attack the Quraysh.' Then he said, 'If Allah wills, and so it shall be.'"  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ وَاللهِ لَأَغْزُوَنَّ قُرَيْشًا وَاللهِ لَأَغْزُوَنَّ قُرَيْشًا وَاللهِ لَأَغْزُوَنَّ قُرَيْشًا ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ وَكَذَلِكَ  

[Machine] "If it is true that the Prophet ﷺ said this, he did not mean to exclude the exception to the right. Rather, he said that because of the saying of Allah ﷻ, 'And never say of anything, "indeed, I will do that tomorrow," Except [when adding], "If Allah wills."' [Surah Al-Kahf, verse 24]."  

أَنْ يَكُونَ ﷺ إِنْ صَحَّ هَذَا لَمْ يَقْصِدْ رَدَّ الِاسْتِثْنَاءِ إِلَى الْيَمِينِ وَإِنَّمَا قَالَ ذَلِكَ لِقَوْلِ اللهِ ﷻ {وَلَا تَقُولَنَّ لِشَيْءٍ إِنِّي فَاعِلٌ ذَلِكَ غَدًا إِلَّا أَنْ يَشَاءَ اللهُ} [الكهف 24]  

[Machine] He sees the exception even if it is after a year, then he recites, "And do not say of anything, 'Indeed, I will do that tomorrow,' Except [when adding], 'If Allah wills.' And remember your Lord when you forget." [Quran 18:23]. He said, "When you remember, the Sheikh said, 'So and so said.'" And by saying Ibn Umar, we say about that in oaths, and it is possible that the saying of Ibn Abbas is meant to signify that it is being used for the verse. And if he mentions the exception after a while in a similar situation in which the verse was mentioned, it is not regarding an oath, and Allah knows best.  

يَرَى الِاسْتِثْنَاءَ وَلَوْ بَعْدَ سَنَةٍ ثُمَّ قَرَأَ {وَلَا تَقُولَنَّ لِشَيْءٍ إِنِّي فَاعِلٌ ذَلِكَ غَدًا إِلَّا أَنْ يَشَاءَ اللهُ وَاذْكُرْ رَبَّكَ إِذَا نَسِيتَ} [الكهف 23] قَالَ إِذَا ذَكَرْتَ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ كَذَا قَالَ وَبِقَوْلِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ نَقُولُ فِي ذَلِكَ فِي الْأَيْمَانِ وَقَدْ يَحْتَمِلُ قَوْلُ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ؓ أَنْ يَكُونَ الْمُرَادُ بِهِ أَنَّهُ يَكُونُ مُسْتَعْمِلًا لِلْآيَةِ وَإِنْ ذَكَرَ الِاسْتِثْنَاءَ بَعْدَ حِينٍ فِي مِثْلِ مَا وَرَدَتْ فِيهِ الْآيَةُ لَا فِيمَا يَكُونُ يَمِينًا وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "A person takes an oath by swearing to the right and then makes an exception in their own self. He said, 'There is no problem in that until the exception is made apparent, just as the right is made apparent.'"  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الرَّجُلُ يَحْلِفُ عَلَى الْيَمِينِ ثُمَّ يَسْتَثْنِي فِي نَفْسِهِ قَالَ لَيْسَ ذَلِكَ بِشَيْءٍ حَتَّى يَظْهَرَ الِاسْتِثْنَاءُ كَمَا يَظْهَرُ الْيَمِينُ  

[Machine] "Useless swearing is when a person says 'No, by Allah' or 'Yes, by Allah'."  

لَغْوُ الْيَمِينِ قَوْلُ الْإِنْسَانِ لَا وَاللهِ وَبَلَى وَاللهِ  

[Machine] The passage in Arabic states: "In this verse {Allah does not hold you accountable for unintentional oaths, but He holds you accountable for what your hearts have earned} [Al-Baqarah 225]. She (referring to someone) said, it is the statement of a man 'No, by Allah!', and 'Yes, by Allah!'".  

ؓ فِي هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ {لَا يُؤَاخِذُكُمُ اللهُ بِاللَّغْوِ فِي أَيْمَانِكُمْ} [البقرة 225] قَالَتْ هُوَ قَوْلُ الرَّجُلِ لَا وَاللهِ وَبَلَى وَاللهِ  

[Machine] "Ayman used to say that there is no sin in argumentation, joking, or lighthearted conversation that does not burden the heart. Rather, expiation is required for every oath that you take seriously and swear upon a significant matter in anger or otherwise, whether you fulfill it or leave it unfulfilled. This is the binding nature of the oaths that Allah has made expiation obligatory for."  

ؓ كَانَتْ تَقُولُ أَيْمَانُ اللَّغْوِ مَا كَانَ فِي الْمِرَاءِ وَالْهَزْلِ وَمُزَاحَةِ الْحَدِيثِ الَّذِي لَا يَعْقِدُ عَلَيْهِ الْقَلْبُ وَإِنَّمَا الْكَفَّارَةُ فِي كُلِّ يَمِينٍ حَلَفْتَهَا عَلَى جَدٍّ مِنَ الْأَمْرِ فِي غَضَبٍ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ لَتَفْعَلَنَّ أَوْ لَتَتْرُكَنَّ فَذَلِكَ عَقْدُ الْأَيْمَانِ الَّتِي فَرَضَ اللهُ فِيهَا الْكَفَّارَةَ  

[Machine] "Allah, may His blessings and ﷺ , said: It is the speech of a man in his house. No, by Allah! Yes, by Allah! Abu Dawood reported this hadith from Dawood ibn Abi al-Furat from Ibrahim al-Sa'igh from 'Ata' from 'Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, that it is attributed to her. Al-Zuhri, 'Abdul-Malik, and Malik ibn Mighwal all reported the same hadith from 'Ata' from 'Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, also attributed to her. The Sheikh said, and it is likewise..."  

اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ هُوَ كَلَامُ الرَّجُلِ فِي بَيْتِهِ كَلَّا وَاللهِ وَبَلَى وَاللهِ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَرَوَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ دَاوُدُ بْنُ أَبِي الْفُرَاتِ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الصَّائِغِ عَنْ عَطَاءٍ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ؓ مَوْقُوفًا وَرَوَاهُ الزُّهْرِيُّ وَعَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ وَمَالِكُ بْنُ مِغْوَلٍ كُلُّهُمْ عَنْ عَطَاءٍ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ؓ مَوْقُوفًا أَيْضًا قَالَ الشَّيْخُ وَكَذَلِكَ  

[Machine] The saying of Allah [God] "Allah will not hold you accountable for your meaningless oaths" [Quran 2:225]. She said "No, by Allah" and yes, by Allah  

قَوْلِ اللهِ ﷻ {لَا يُؤَاخِذُكُمُ اللهُ بِاللَّغْوِ فِي أَيْمَانُكُمْ} [البقرة 225] قَالَتْ لَا وَاللهِ وَبَلَى وَاللهِ  

[Machine] We hear the rhythm of the Siwak from behind the barrier, and it hits us with a pillow. We asked her about things and asked her about this verse: "Allah will not impose blame upon you for what is unintentional in your oaths" [Al-Baqarah 225]. So we asked her, "What is the unintentional?" She said, "It is the people's conversations." We did it, I swear we did it. I swear.  

نَسْمَعُ صَرِيفَ السِّوَاكِ مِنْ وَرَاءِ الْحِجَابِ وَهِيَ تَسْتَاكُ فَأَلْقَتْ إِلَيْنَا وِسَادَةً قَالَ فَسَأَلْنَاهَا عَنْ أَشْيَاءَ وَسَأَلْنَا عَنْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ {لَا يُؤَاخِذُكُمُ اللهُ بِاللَّغْوِ فِي أَيْمَانِكُمْ} [البقرة 225] فَقُلْنَا لَهَا مَا اللَّغْوُ؟ فَقَالَتْ هُوَ أَحَادِيثُ النَّاسِ فَعَلْنَا وَاللهِ صَنَعْنَا وَاللهِ  

[Machine] You swear while you are angry.  

تَحْلِفَ وَأَنْتَ غَضْبَانُ  

[Machine] He is no, by God, and yes, by God.  

هُوَ لَا وَاللهِ وَبَلَى وَاللهِ  

[Machine] "And Ubayd Ibn Umair Al-Laythi was with Aisha, the wife of the Prophet ﷺ, and Ubayd asked her about the saying of Allah, "Allah does not charge you for what is unintentional in your oaths" (Quran 2:225). She said, "If a person swears by his knowledge and then realizes that he does not possess that knowledge, there is no expiation in that."  

وَعُبَيْدُ بْنُ عُمَيْرٍ اللَّيْثِيُّ عِنْدَ عَائِشَةَ ؓ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَسَأَلَهَا عُبَيْدٌ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللهِ ﷻ {لَا يُؤَاخِذُكُمُ اللهُ بِاللَّغْوِ فِي أَيْمَانِكُمْ} [البقرة 225] قَالَتْ حَلِفُ الرَّجُلِ عَلَى عِلْمِهِ ثُمَّ لَا يَجِدُهُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ فَلَيْسَ فِيهِ كَفَّارَةٌ كَذَا  

[Machine] The Prophet's wife understood this verse to mean that if someone swears an oath but intends to do something different from what they swore, then it is not binding. This understanding was narrated by Hisham ibn Urwah, who heard it from his father, who heard it from Aisha. Allah knows best.  

زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ تَتَأَوَّلُ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ فَتَقُولُ هُوَ الشَّيْءُ يَحْلِفُ عَلَيْهِ أَحَدُكُمْ لَمْ يُرِدْ بِهِ إِلَّا الصِّدْقَ فَيَكُونُ عَلَى غَيْرِ مَا حَلَفَ عَلَيْهِ كَذَلِكَ رُوِيَ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ وَرُوِّينَاهُ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ؓ عَلَى الْوَجْهِ الَّذِي مَضَى وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ  

[Machine] He says that this is Fulan and it is not him.  

أَنَّهُ كَذَلِكَ يَقُولُ هَذَا فُلَانٌ وَلَيْسَ بِهِ  

[Machine] About Al-Hasan's statement, "Allah does not hold you accountable for unintentional oaths in your oaths," [Surah Al-Baqarah 225], he said that an unintentional oath refers to when you swear to something and later realize that it isn't true. In this case, there is no accountability or expiation, but rather accountability lies in what you have sworn upon knowingly.  

عَنِ الْحَسَنِ فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {لَا يُؤَاخِذُكُمُ اللهُ بِاللَّغْوِ فِي أَيْمَانِكُمْ} [البقرة 225] قَالَ اللَّغْوُ فِي الْأَيْمَانِ أَنْ تَحْلِفَ عَلَى شَيْءٍ وَتَرَى أَنَّهُ كَذَلِكَ فَلَيْسَ فِيهِ مُؤَاخذَةٌ وَلَا كَفَّارَةٌ وَلَكِنَّ الْمُؤَاخَذَةَ فِيمَا حَلَفْتَ عَلَى عِلْمٍ  

[Machine] "He said, 'By Allah, I did not do it, and yet I did it unintentionally. It is not a lie falsely attributed to him for which he seeks forgiveness from Allah and no expiation is due upon him.'"  

أَنَّهُ قَالَ وَاللهِ مَا فَعَلْتُ وَقَدْ فَعَلَ نَاسِيًا فَلَيْسَ بِشَيْءٍ هِيَ كَذْبَةٌ كَذَبَهَا يَسْتَغْفِرُ اللهَ وَلَا كَفَّارَةَ عَلَيْهِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , said, "O 'Abd al-Rahman ibn Samurah, if you take an oath on a certain matter and then see something better than it, then break your oath and fulfill what is better."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَا عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ سَمُرَةَ إِذَا حَلَفْتَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ فَرَأَيْتَ غَيْرَهَا خَيْرًا مِنْهَا فَائْتِ الَّذِي هُوَ خَيْرٌ وَكَفِّرْ عَنْ يَمِينِكَ  

The Prophet ﷺ said, "O ʿAbdur-Rahman bin Samura! Do not seek to be a ruler, because if you are given authority for it, then you will be held responsible for it, but if you are given it without asking for it, then you will be helped in it (by Allah): and whenever you take an oath to do something and later you find that something else is better than the first, then do the better one and make expiation for your oath." (Using translation from Bukhārī 6622)   

قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَا عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ لَا تَسْأَلِ الْإِمَارَةَ فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ أُعْطِيتَهَا عَنْ مَسْأَلَةٍ وُكِّلْتَ إِلَيْهَا وَإِنْ أُعْطِيتَهَا عَنْ غَيْرِ مَسْأَلَةٍ أُعِنْتَ عَلَيْهَا وَإِذَا حَلَفْتَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ فَرَأَيْتَ غَيْرَهَا خَيْرًا مِنْهَا فَائْتِ الَّذِي هُوَ خَيْرٌ وَكَفِّرْ عَنْ يَمِينِكَ  

[Machine] So we were with Abu Musa when he brought us food that included chicken meat, and among the people there was a man with red complexion resembling the Mawali of Taym Allah. Abu Musa said, "Come and eat." I said, "I saw him eating raw meat, so I swore not to feed him ever." Then he said, "I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ eating from it." He then narrated that he came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ with a group of Ash'ariyyin who were carrying him. He came to him while he was distributing a share of the Sadaqah camels. I said, "O Messenger of Allah, let us carry him." He was angry and said, "By Allah, I will not let you carry him, nor do I find anything to carry you on." Then he was brought spoils, a unique type of meat. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave us five portions of that unique meat. I said, "O Messenger of Allah, we used to doubt you, but now we will never be successful." So we went to him and said, "O Messenger of Allah, you had sworn not to carry us." He said, "I did not carry you, but Allah carried you. By Allah, I do not swear an oath on a certain thing and then see something better than it except that I resort to what is better, and I have freed myself from my previous oath owing to the words of Wuhayb."  

فَكُنَّا عِنْدَ أَبِي مُوسَى فَقَرَّبَ إِلَيْنَا طَعَامًا فِيهِ لَحْمُ دَجَاجٍ وَفِي الْقَوْمِ رَجُلٌ أَحْمَرُ شَبِيهٌ بِالْمَوَالِي مِنْ تَيْمِ اللهِ فَقَالَ أَبُو مُوسَى ادْنُ فَكُلْ يَعْنِي فَقَالَ إِنِّي رَأَيْتُهُ يَأْكُلُ نَتِنًا فَحَلَفْتُ أَنْ لَا أَطْعَمَهُ أَبَدًا فَقَالَ إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَأْكُلُ مِنْهُ ثُمَّ حَدَّثَ أَنَّهُ أَتَى رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فِي نَفَرٍ مِنَ الْأَشْعَرِيِّينَ يَسْتَحْمِلُهُ فَأَتَاهُ وَهُوَ يَقْسِمُ ذَوْدًا مِنْ إِبِلِ الصَّدَقَةِ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ احَمِلْنَا وَهُوَ غَضْبَانُ فَقَالَ وَاللهِ لَا أَحْمِلُكُمْ وَلَا أَجِدُ مَا أَحْمِلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ أُتِيَ بِنَهْبِ ذَوْدٍ غُرِّ الذُّرَى فَأَعْطَانَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ خَمْسَ ذَوْدٍ غُرِّ الذُّرَى فَقُلْتُ تَغَفَّلْنَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ لَا نُفْلِحُ أَبَدًا فَأَتَيْنَاهُ فَقُلْنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ كُنْتَ حَلَفْتَ أَنْ لَا تَحْمِلَنَا فَقَالَ إِنِّي لَسْتُ أَنَا حَمَلْتُكُمْ وَلَكِنَّ اللهَ حَمَلَكُمْ وَاللهِ لَا أَحْلِفُ عَلَى يَمِينٍ فَأَرَى غَيْرَهَا خَيْرًا مِنْهَا إِلَّا أَتَيْتُ الَّذِي هُوَ خَيْرٌ وَتَحَلَّلْتُ عَنْ يَمِينِي لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ وُهَيْبٍ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Whoever takes an oath upon something, and then sees something better than it, should break his oath and make up for it."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ فَرَأَى غَيْرَهَا خَيْرًا مِنْهَا فَلْيَأْتِهَا وَلْيُكَفِّرْ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ  

[Machine] "I came to the messenger of Allah ﷺ in a group of Ash'ariyyin, requesting to carry him. He said, 'By Allah, I will not have you carry me, and I have nothing that I can rely on to make you carry me.' We waited as Allah willed, and then he was brought three young she-camels. He ordered us to ride on them. When we started, we said to each other, 'May Allah not bless us. We came to the messenger of Allah ﷺ requesting to carry him, and he swore not to have us carry him, but he did.' So we informed him, and he said, 'I did not carry you. Rather, Allah carried you. By Allah, if Allah wills, I will not swear an oath on something and then see something else better than it except that I will make atonement for my oath and come to what is better.'" This is the hadith of Khalaf.  

أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فِي رَهْطٍ مِنَ الْأَشْعَرِيِّينَ نَسْتَحْمِلُهُ قَالَ وَاللهِ لَا أَحْمِلُكُمْ وَمَا عِنْدِي مَا أَحْمِلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ فَلَبِثْنَا مَا شَاءَ اللهُ ثُمَّ أُتِيَ بِإِبِلٍ فَأَمَرَ لَنَا بِثَلَاثِ ذَوْدٍ غُرِّ الذُّرَى فَلَمَّا انْطَلَقْنَا قُلْنَا أَوْ قَالَ بَعْضُنَا لِبَعْضٍ لَا يُبَارِكُ اللهُ لَنَا أَتَيْنَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ نَسْتَحْمِلُهُ فَحَلَفَ أَنْ لَا يَحْمِلَنَا ثُمَّ حَمَلَنَا فَأَتَوْهُ فَأَخْبَرُوهُ فَقَالَ مَا أَنَا حَمَلْتُكُمْ وَلَكِنَّ اللهَ حَمَلَكُمْ إِنِّي وَاللهِ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ لَا أَحْلِفُ عَلَى يَمِينٍ فَأَرَى غَيْرَهَا خَيْرًا مِنْهَا إِلَّا كَفَّرْتُ يَمِينِي وَأَتَيْتُ الَّذِي هُوَ خَيْرٌ هَذَا حَدِيثُ خَلَفٍ  

[Machine] We were at the house of Abu Musa when he called for a table with chicken meat on it. Then a man from the Taim Allah tribe, with red complexion resembling a slave, entered. Abu Musa said to him, "Come and join us." The man hesitated and said, "I have seen the Messenger of Allah ﷺ eating it or eating from it. I, by Allah, saw him eating something and I considered it filthy, so I swore not to eat from it." Abu Musa said, "Come here and I will inform you about it. Indeed, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'I, by Allah, do not swear an oath on my right hand, if I see anything better than it (referring to the vow), I expiate my oath and release myself from it.' So go ahead, for it was only Allah who suggested you this."  

كُنَّا عِنْدَ أَبِي مُوسَى فَدَعَا بِمَائِدَةٍ وَعَلَيْهَا لَحْمُ دَجَاجٍ فَدَخَلَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي تَيْمِ اللهِ أَحْمَرُ شَبِيهٌ بِالْمَوَالِي فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو مُوسَى ؓ هَلُمَّ فَتَلَكَّأَ قَالَ هَلُمَّ فَإِنِّي رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَأْكُلُهُ أَوْ قَالَ أَوْ يَأْكُلُ مِنْهُ قَالَ إِنِّي وَاللهِ رَأَيْتُهُ يَأْكُلُ شَيْئًا فَقَذِرْتُهُ فَحَلَفْتُ أَنْ لَا آكُلَ مِنْهُ قَالَ فَهَلُمَّ أُخْبِرْكَ عَنْ ذَاكَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ إِنِّي وَاللهِ لَا أَحْلِفُ عَلَى يَمِينٍ فَأَرَى غَيْرَهَا خَيْرًا مِنْهَا إِلَّا كَفَّرْتُ يَمِينِي وَتَحَلَّلْتُهَا انْطَلِقُوا فَإِنَّمَا حَمَلَكُمُ اللهُ كَذَا  

[Machine] Narrated Abu Musa Al-Ash'ari: The Prophet ﷺ received some camels as gifts and he distributed them among the people. Then I said, "O Messenger of Allah, I find myself without anything to ride." He replied, "I swear by Allah, I did not do that intentionally." He repeated this statement three times. Then the Prophet ﷺ said to him, "Take those four downcast camels." Abu Musa replied, "O Messenger of Allah, I swore an oath and refrained because I was afraid that someone might think that I entered your presence with deceitful intentions." The Prophet ﷺ said, "When I take an oath and then see that there is something better than it, I expiate my oath and go for what is better." This narration confirms the reliability of the narration of Hammam bin Zaid for those who do not doubt it.  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ أَفَاءَ اللهُ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ إِبِلًا فَفَرَّقَهَا فَقَالَ أَبُو مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيُّ أَجِدْنِي فَقَالَ لَا فَقَالَ لَهُ ثَلَاثًا فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ لَا وَاللهِ لَا أَفْعَلُ قَالَ وَبَقِيَ أَرْبَعٌ غُرُّ الذُّرَى فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا أَبَا مُوسَى خُذْهُنَّ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنِّي اسْتَحْمَلْتُكَ فَمَنَعْتَنِي وَحَلَفْتَ فَأَشْفَقْتُ أَنْ يَكُونَ دَخَلَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَهْمٌ فَقَالَ إِنِّي إِذَا حَلَفْتُ عَلَى يَمِينٍ فَرَأَيْتُ أَنَّ غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ أَفْضَلُ كَفَّرْتُ عَنْ يَمِينِي وَأَتَيْتُ الَّذِي هُوَ أَفْضَلُ وَهَذَا يُؤَكِّدُ رِوَايَةَ مَنْ لَمْ يَشُكَّ فِي حَدِيثِ حَمَّادِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to me, "O Abdullah bin Samurah, do not ask for leadership, for if you are given it because of asking, you will be held accountable for it. And if you are given it without asking, you will be aided in it. And if you are sworn in an oath and then see something better than it, expiate for your oath and go to what is better."  

قَالَ لِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَا عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ سَمُرَةَ لَا تَسْأَلِ الْإِمَارَةَ فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ أُعْطِيتَهَا عَنْ مَسْأَلَةٍ وُكِلْتَ إِلَيْهَا وَإِنْ أُعْطِيتَهَا مِنْ غَيْرِ مَسْأَلَةٍ أُعِنْتَ عَلَيْهَا وَإِذَا حَلَفْتَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ فَرَأَيْتَ غَيْرَهَا خَيْرًا مِنْهَا فَكَفِّرْ عَنْ يَمِينِكَ وَائْتِ الَّذِي هُوَ خَيْرٌ  

[Machine] On the authority of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ who said: "If any one of you swears an oath and then sees that something else is better than it, then let him make expiation for his oath and do what is better."  

عَنِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَالَ إِذَا حَلَفَ أَحَدُكُمْ عَلَى يَمِينٍ فَرَأَى غَيْرَهَا خَيْرًا مِنْهَا فَلْيُكَفِّرْ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَلْيَنْظُرِ الَّذِي هُوَ خَيْرٌ فَلْيَأْتِهِ  

[Machine] The translation of the passage into English is as follows: "On the authority of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , he said: 'Whoever takes an oath on his right hand and sees something better than it, then he should expiate for his oath and do what is better.'"  

عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَالَ مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ فَرَأَى خَيْرًا مِنْهَا فَلْيُكَفِّرْ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَلْيَفْعَلْ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "If anyone of you swears an oath and then sees something better than what he swore upon, then let him expiate his oath and do what is better than it."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ إِذَا حَلَفَ أَحَدُكُمْ بِيَمِينٍ ثُمَّ رَأَى خَيْرًا مِمَّا حَلَفَ عَلَيْهِ فَلْيُكَفِّرْ يَمِينَهُ وَلْيَفْعَلِ الَّذِي هُوَ خَيْرٌ مِنْهُ  

[Machine] When one of you swears an oath and later sees something better than it, then they should expiate the oath and fulfill what is better.  

اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا حَلَفَ أَحَدُكُمْ عَلَى يَمِينٍ فَرَأَى غَيْرَهَا خَيْرًا مِنْهَا فَلْيُكَفِّرْهَا وَلْيَأْتِ الَّذِي هُوَ خَيْرٌ  

It was narrated from ‘Ali that Al-ʿAbbas bin ʿAbdul-Muttalib asked the Prophet ﷺ about paying zakah in advance and he gave him a concession allowing him to do that. (Using translation from Aḥmad 822)   

أَنَّ الْعَبَّاسَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ ؓ سَأَلَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فِي تَعْجِيلِ صَدَقَتِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَحِلَّ فَرَخَّصَ لَهُ فِي ذَلِكَ  

[Machine] He may repent, and perhaps he may deny [his sin] after he repents.  

يَحْنِثَ وَرُبَّمَا كَفَّرَ بَعْدَمَا يَحْنِثُ  

[Machine] A man came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, "O Messenger of Allah, I have caused destruction." He ﷺ said, "Woe to you, what is that?" He said, "I had intercourse with my wife during the day in Ramadan." He ﷺ said, "Free a slave." He said, "I cannot find (a slave)." He ﷺ said, "Then fast for two consecutive months." He said, "I am unable (to do that)." He ﷺ said, "Then feed sixty poor people." He said, "I cannot find (that)." Then he came to the Prophet ﷺ with a trunk containing dates, which was equivalent to fifteen saa' (a measure of weight). The Prophet ﷺ said, "Take it and give it as charity." He said, "Shall I give it to someone needier than my family? By Allah, there is no one in Madinah more in need than my family." So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ laughed until his molars became visible, then he said, "Take it and seek forgiveness from Allah and feed your family with it." Abu Al-Hasan Al-Daraqutni, who is a reliable narrator, said, "This is an authentic chain of narration." The Shaykh said, "And likewise."  

أَنَّ رَجُلًا جَاءَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ هَلَكْتُ قَالَ وَيْحَكَ وَمَا ذَلِكَ؟ قَالَ وَقَعْتُ عَلَى أَهْلِي فِي يَوْمِ رَمَضَانَ قَالَ فَأَعْتِقْ رَقَبَةً قَالَ مَا أَجِدُ قَالَ فَصُمْ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ قَالَ مَا أَسْتَطِيعُ قَالَ فَأَطْعِمْ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِينًا قَالَ مَا أَجِدُ قَالَ فَأَتَى النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِعِرْقٍ فِيهِ تَمْرٌ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ صَاعًا قَالَ خُذْهُ فَتَصَدَّقْ بِهِ قَالَ عَلَى أَفْقَرَ مِنْ أَهْلِي؟ فَوَاللهِ مَا بَيْنَ لَابَتَيِ الْمَدِينَةِ أَحْوَجُ مِنْ أَهْلِي فَضَحِكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ حَتَّى بَدَتْ أَنْيَابُهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ خُذْهُ وَاسْتَغْفَرِ اللهَ وَأَطْعِمْهُ أَهْلَكَ قَالَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الدَّارَقُطْنِيُّ الْحَافِظُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ هَذَا إِسْنَادٌ صَحِيحٌ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ وَكَذَلِكَ  

[Machine] While we were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, he mentioned a story about a man who was told to feed sixty poor individuals. The man expressed his inability to do so, and then the Prophet ﷺ was brought a piece of meat containing fifteen sa’ of dates. The Prophet ﷺ said to the man, "Take this and feed sixty poor individuals." Abu Abdullah Al-Hafiz narrated to us that Abu Ahmad informed us that Abu Bakr bin Dalluwayh informed him that Ahmad bin Hafs narrated to me on the authority of my father who narrated from Ibrahim bin Tahman who heard it from Umar bin Sa'id who heard it from Talq bin Habib who heard it from Sa'id bin Al-Musayyib that he said: A man came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and mentioned a story about feeding a certain number of people, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was brought a container containing fifteen sa’ of food that would be enough for sixty quarters. The Prophet ﷺ told the man, "Go and give charity with this." This had already been mentioned in the book of Al-A’mash from Talq in the book of Adh-Dhahhir.  

بَيْنَا نَحْنُ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَذَكَرَ حَدِيثَ الْمُوَاقِعِ قَالَ فِيهِ قَالَ فَأَطْعِمْ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِينًا قَالَ لَا أَجِدُ قَالَ فَأُتِيَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِعِرْقٍ فِيهِ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ صَاعًا مِنْ تَمْرٍ قَالَ خُذْ هَذَا فَأَطْعِمْهُ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِينًا 19971 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو أَحْمَدَ أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ دَلُّوَيْهِ ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَفْصٍ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي حَدَّثَنِي إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ طَهْمَانَ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ طَلْقِ بْنِ حَبِيبٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَذَكَرَ حَدِيثَ الْمُوَاقِعِ قَالَ فِيهِ فَأُتِيَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِمِكْتَلٍ فِيهِ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ صَاعًا مِنْ طَعَامٍ يَكُونُ سِتِّينَ رُبُعًا قَالَ اذْهَبْ فَتَصَدَّقْ بِهَذَا وَقَدْ مَضَى ذَلِكَ مِنْ حَدِيثِ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ طَلْقٍ فِي كِتَابِ الظِّهَارِ  

[Machine] He used to say that giving food to the poor is sufficient as an expiation for breaking an oath by providing a handful of wheat for every needy person.  

أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ يُجْزِئُ طَعَامُ الْمَسَاكِينِ فِي كَفَّارَةِ الْيَمِينِ مُدُّ حِنْطَةٍ لِكُلِّ مِسْكِينٍ  

[Machine] "He would feed ten poor people with a measure of wheat, and he would free a slave every time he swore an oath."  

يَمِينِهِ بِإِطْعَامِ عَشَرَةِ مَسَاكِينَ لِكُلِّ إِنْسَانٍ مِنْهُمْ مُدٌّ مِنْ حِنْطَةٍ وَكَانَ يُعْتِقُ الْمَرَّةَ إِذَا وَكَّدَ الْيَمِينَ  

[Machine] Every poor person has a limit, a limit.  

لِكُلِّ مِسْكِينٍ مُدٌّ مُدٌّ  

[Machine] I heard Abu Hurairah saying in this mosque, three things, in which there is an extension, an extension in expiating an oath of falsehood, in expiating a mistaken statement, and as a ransom of feeding a poor person.  

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ ؓ فِي هَذَا الْمَسْجِدِ يَقُولُ ثَلَاثَةُ أَشْيَاءَ فِيهِنَّ مُدٌّ مُدٌّ فِي كَفَّارَةِ الْيَمِينِ وَفِي كَفَّارَةِ الظِّهَارِ وَفِدْيَةُ طَعَامِ مِسْكِينٍ  

[Machine] He said, "I have not met people except that when they give for the expiation of an oath, they give the smallest amount of wheat as the measure, and they consider that to be sufficient for them."  

أَنَّهُ قَالَ مَا أَدْرَكْتُ النَّاسَ إِلَّا وَهُمْ إِذَا أَعْطَوا فِي كَفَّارَةِ الْيَمِينِ أَعْطَوا مُدًّا مِنَ الْحِنْطَةِ بِالْمُدِّ الْأَصْغَرِ وَرَأَوْا أَنَّ ذَلِكَ مُجْزِئٌ عَنْهُمْ