63. Faith
٦٣۔ كِتَابُ الْأَيْمَانِ
The Prophet ﷺ ordered us to do seven (things) and forbade us from seven. He ordered us to visit the patients, to follow the funeral procession, to reply to the sneezer (i.e., say to him, 'Yarhamuka-l-lah (May Allah bestow His Mercy upon you), if he says 'Al-hamduli l-lah' (Praise be to Allah), to help others to fulfill their oaths, to help the oppressed, to greet (whomever one should meet), and to accept the invitation (to a wedding banquet). He forbade us to wear golden rings, to use silver utensils, to use Maiyathir (cushions of silk stuffed with cotton and placed under the rider on the saddle), the Qasiyya (linen clothes containing silk brought from an Egyptian town), the Istibraq (thick silk) and the Dibaj (another kind of silk). (See Hadith No. 539 and 753). (Using translation from Bukhārī 5175)
أَمَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِسَبْعٍ وَنَهَانَا عَنْ سَبْعٍ أَمَرَنَا بِعِيَادَةِ الْمَرِيضِ وَاتِّبَاعِ الْجَنَازَةِ وَتَشْمِيتِ الْعَاطِسِ وَإِفْشَاءِ السَّلَامِ وَنَصْرِ الْمَظْلُومِ وَإِبْرَارِ الْمُقْسِمِ وَإِجَابَةِ الدَّاعِي وَنَهَانَا عَنْ خَوَاتِيمِ الذَّهَبِ وَعَنِ الشُّرْبِ فِي آنِيَةِ الْفِضَّةِ وَعَنِ الْحَرِيرِ وَالدِّيبَاجِ وَالْإِسْتَبْرَقِ وَالْمَيَاثِرِ وَالْقَسِّيِّ
[Machine] "I came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ with my father to pledge allegiance to him for the migration. He said, 'No, I will pledge allegiance to him for Jihad.' So, I went to Abbas while he was at the watering place and said, 'O Abu Al-Fadl, I have come with my father to the Prophet ﷺ to pledge allegiance to him for migration, but he did not do so.' Then Al-Abbas stood with him in a shirt he was wearing, without any cloak over it, and went to the Prophet ﷺ . He said, 'O Messenger of Allah, you have known the relationship between me and Abdullah bin Safwan, and he has sent me to you to pledge allegiance to him for migration, but you did not do so.' The Prophet ﷺ said, 'Indeed, it is not migration.' He said, 'I have sworn to you to pledge allegiance to him.' So, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ extended his hand and said, 'This is my pardoning of my uncle and not migration.' Al-Bukhari reported it from Abdullah bin Safwan or Safwan bin Abdullah, from the Prophet ﷺ , and it was narrated by Yazid bin Abi Ziyad from Mujahid, and this is not correct. Abu Bakr al-Farisi informed us of this, and Ibrahim al-Asbahani reported it, narrating from Abu Ahmad bin Fares, who narrated from al-Bukhari."
أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ بِأَبِي لِيُبَايِعَهُ عَلَى الْهِجْرَةِ قَالَ بَلْ أُبَايِعُهُ عَلَى الْجِهَادِ فَانْطَلَقْتُ إِلَى الْعَبَّاسِ وَهُوَ فِي السِّقَايَةِ فَقُلْتُ يَا أَبَا الْفَضْلِ إِنِّي انْطَلَقْتُ بِأَبِي إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ لِيُبَايِعَهُ عَلَى الْهِجْرَةِ فَلَمْ يَفْعَلْ فَقَامَ مَعَهُ الْعَبَّاسُ فِي قَمِيصٍ مَا عَلَيْهِ رِدَاءٌ فَأَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قَدْ عَرَفْتَ مَا بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ صَفْوَانَ وَأَتَاكَ بِأَبِيهِ لِتُبَايِعَهُ عَلَى الْهِجْرَةِ فَلَمْ تَفْعَلْ فَقَالَ إِنَّهَا لَا هِجْرَةَ قَالَ أَقْسَمْتُ عَلَيْكَ لَتُبَايِعَنَّهُ قَالَ فَمَدَّ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَدَهُ وَقَالَ هَا أَبْرَرْتُ عَمِّي وَلَا هِجْرَةَ قَالَ الْبُخَارِيُّ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ صَفْوَانَ أَوْ صَفْوَانُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَهُ يَزِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي زِيَادٍ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ لَا يَصِحُّ 19890 أَخْبَرَنَا بِذَلِكَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْفَارِسِيُّ أَنْبَأَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ ثنا أَبُو أَحْمَدَ بْنُ فَارِسٍ عَنِ الْبُخَارِيِّ
[Machine] On the authority of the Prophet ﷺ , he said: "Whoever swears an oath to someone while knowing that he will not fulfill it, then the sin of that oath is upon the one who did not fulfill it."
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى أَحَدٍ بِيَمِينٍ وَهُوَ يَرَى أَنَّهُ سَيَبَرُّهُ فَلَمْ يَفْعَلْ فَإِنَّمَا إِثْمُهُ عَلَى الَّذِي لَمْ يَبَرَّهُ
[Machine] She has a plate with dates in it, and Aisha ate from it, leaving some dates. The woman said to her, "I swore by Allah that you will not eat all of it." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Exempt her, as the sin is on the one who takes an oath." This hadith is narrated by Abu Huraira, and in its chain there are some unknown narrators of the rest of the scholars, and the hadith of Aisha is the most similar and it is Mursal and Abu Dawood mentioned it in Al-Maraseel from the hadith of Layth bin Saad from Muawiyah bin Salih, and he has a witness from the hadith of Ali bin Yazid from Al-Qasim from Abu Umamah. And Allah knows best. We have also narrated from Al-Qasim bin Muhammad, Maklul, and Al-Hakam bin Utaibah that expiation lies with the one who made the oath.
لَهَا امْرَأَةٌ طَبَقًا فِيهِ تَمْرٌ فَأَكَلَتْ مِنْهُ عَائِشَةُ ؓ وَأَبْقَتْ مِنْهُ تَمَرَاتٍ فَقَالَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ أَقْسَمْتُ عَلَيْكِ إِلَّا أَكَلْتِيهِ كُلَّهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَبِرِّيهَا فَإِنَّ الْإِثْمَ عَلَى الْمُحَنِّثِ حَدِيثُ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ؓ فِي إِسْنَادِهِ مَنْ يُجْهَلُ مِنْ مَشَايِخِ بَقِيَّةَ وَحَدِيثُ عَائِشَةَ أَمْثَلُ وَهُوَ مُرْسَلٌ أَورَدَهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ فِي الْمَرَاسِيلِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ لَيْثِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ صَالِحٍ وَلَهُ شَاهِدٌ مِنْ حَدِيثِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ وَرُوِّينَا عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَمَكْحُولٍ وَالْحَكَمِ بْنِ عُتَيْبَةَ أَنَّ الْكَفَّارَةَ عَلَى الْمُقْسِمِ