63. Faith
٦٣۔ كِتَابُ الْأَيْمَانِ
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ heard me swearing an oath by my father and said: “Allah forbids you to swear by your fathers.” ‘Umar said: By Allah, I never swore by my father after that, whether saying it myself or narrating what someone else had said. (Using translation from Aḥmad 241)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ سَمِعَ عُمَرَ ؓ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ وَأَبِي وَأَبِي فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ يَنْهَاكُمْ أَنْ تَحْلِفُوا بِآبَائِكُمْ قَالَ عُمَرُ فَوَاللهِ مَا حَلَفْتُ بِهِ ذَاكِرًا وَلَا آثِرًا
[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ heard Umar swearing an oath by his father, and he said, "Verily, Allah forbids you from swearing by your fathers." Umar said, "By Allah, I will never swear by it again, either remembering or forgetting."
سَمِعَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عُمَرَ يَحْلِفُ بِأَبِيهِ فَقَالَ أَلَا إِنَّ اللهَ يَنْهَاكُمْ أَنْ تَحْلِفُوا بِآبَائِكُمْ قَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ وَاللهِ مَا حَلَفْتُ بِهَا بَعْدُ ذَاكِرًا وَلَا آثِرًا
[Machine] "The Prophet ﷺ heard me while I was swearing by my father. He said, 'Verily, Allah forbids you from swearing by your fathers.' Umar said, 'I have never sworn by it, mentioning it or neglecting it.'"
سَمِعَنِي النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَأَنَا أَحْلِفُ أَقُولُ وَأَبِي فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ يَنْهَاكُمْ أَنْ تَحْلِفُوا بِآبَائِكُمْ قَالَ عُمَرُ فَمَا حَلَفْتُ بِهَا ذَاكِرًا وَلَا آثِرًا
that he found ʿUmar bin Al-Khattab in a group of people and he was swearing by his father. So Messenger of Allah ﷺ called them, saying, "Verily! Allah forbids you to swear by your fathers. If one has to take an oath, he should swear by Allah or otherwise keep quiet." (Using translation from Bukhārī 6108)
رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَدْرَكَ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ وَهُوَ يَسِيرُ فِي رَكْبٍ وَهُوَ يَحْلِفُ بِأَبِيهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَلَا إِنَّ اللهَ يَنْهَاكُمْ أَنْ تَحْلِفُوا بِآبَائِكُمْ مَنْ كَانَ حَالِفًا فَلْيَحْلِفْ بِاللهِ أَوْ لِيَصْمُتْ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ met Umar during one of his journeys, and he was saying: "And my father, and my father." So he said: "Verily, Allah forbids you from swearing by your fathers. So whoever swears, let him swear by Allah, or be silent."
أَدْرَكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عُمَرَ وَهُوَ فِي بَعْضِ أَسْفَارِهِ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ وَأَبِي وَأَبِي فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ يَنْهَاكُمْ أَنْ تَحْلِفُوا بِآبَائِكُمْ فَمَنْ كَانَ حَالِفًا فَلْيَحْلِفْ بِاللهِ أَوْ لِيَصْمُتْ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ caught up with Umar while he was on a journey, taking an oath by his father. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ heard this, he said, "Hold on, for Allah has prohibited you from swearing by your fathers. Whoever swears, let him swear by Allah or remain silent."
رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَدْرَكَ عُمَرَ ؓ وَهُوَ فِي رَكْبٍ وَهُوَ يَحْلِفُ بِأَبِيهِ فَلَمَّا سَمِعَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَهْلًا فَإِنَّ اللهَ قَدْ نَهَاكُمْ أَنْ تَحْلِفُوا بِآبَائِكُمْ مَنْ حَلَفَ فَلْيَحْلِفْ بِاللهِ أَوْ لِيَسْكُتْ
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ found 'Umar al-Khattab in a caravan while he was swearing by his father. So he said: Allah forbids you to swear by forefathers. If anyone swears, he must swear by Allah or keep silence. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3249)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَدْرَكَهُ وَهُوَ فِي رَكْبٍ وَهُوَ يَحْلِفُ بِأَبِيهِ فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ يَنْهَاكُمْ أَنَ تَحْلِفُوا بِآبَائِكُمْ فَلْيَحْلِفْ حَالَفٌ بِاللهِ أَوْ لِيَسْكُتْ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Do not swear by your fathers nor by the false deities."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَا تَحْلِفُوا بِآبَائِكُمْ وَلَا بِالطَّوَاغِيتِ
[Machine] "From the Prophet ﷺ , he said: Do not swear by your fathers or your mothers. Increased falsehood does not make it any better. And do not swear by any other deities. Swear only by Allah and swear only when you are truthful."
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ لَا تَحْلِفُوا بِآبَائِكُمْ وَلَا بِأُمَّهَاتِكُمْ زَادَ تَمْتَامٌ وَلَا بِالْأَنْدَادِ وَلَا تَحْلِفُوا إِلَّا بِاللهِ وَلَا تَحْلِفُوا إِلَّا وَأَنْتُمْ صَادِقُونَ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Whoever swears by other than Allah has indeed disbelieved or associated partners with Him." And this is something that Saad bin Ubaydah did not hear from Ibn Umar.
رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ مَنْ حَلَفَ بِغَيْرِ اللهِ فَقَدْ كَفَرَ أَوْ أَشْرَكَ وَهَذَا مِمَّا لَمْ يَسْمَعْهُ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدَةَ مِنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ
[Machine] No, but I swear by the Lord of the Kaaba. Verily, Umar used to swear by his father, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Do not swear by your father, for whoever swears by other than Allah has associated partners with Him."
لَا وَلَكِنِ أَحْلِفُ بِرَبِّ الْكَعْبَةِ فَإِنَّ عُمَرَ كَانَ يَحْلِفُ بِأَبِيهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَا تَحْلِفْ بِأَبِيكَ فَإِنَّهُ مَنْ حَلَفَ بِغَيْرِ اللهِ فَقَدْ أَشْرَكَ
[Machine] "That the Prophet, ﷺ , said: 'He succeeded, and his father succeeded, if he is truthful. It is possible that this statement came from him before the prohibition, and it is possible that it happened from him according to the usual way of speaking on tongues. It does not mean by it the swearing, such as idle talk. And it is possible that the prohibition only occurred from him when it was in respect and honor of him, and to glorify his right, unlike what was contrary to it. And that was not from him in the way of glorifying, rather it was in the way of affirmation. And it is possible that he, ﷺ , alluded to the name of Allah the Exalted in it, as if he said: 'No, by the Lord of his father and others,' he, ﷺ , does not imply concealment, rather he goes with the way of glorification for his father.'"
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ أَفْلَحَ وَأَبِيهِ إِنْ صَدَقَ فَيُحْتَمَلُ أَنْ يَكُونَ هَذَا الْقَوْلُ مِنْهُ قَبْلَ النَّهْيِ وَيُحْتَمَلُ أَنْ يَكُونَ جَرَى ذَلِكَ مِنْهُ عَلَى عَادَةِ الْكَلَامِ الْجَارِي عَلَى الْأَلْسُنِ وَهُوَ لَا يَقْصِدُ بِهِ الْقَسَمَ كَلَغْوِ الْيَمِينِ الْمَعْفُوِّ عَنْهُ وَيُحْتَمَلُ أَنْ يَكُونَ النَّهْيُ إِنَّمَا وَقَعَ عَنْهُ إِذَا كَانَ مِنْهُ عَلَى وَجْهِ التَّوْقِيرِ لَهُ وَالتَّعْظِيمِ لِحَقِّهِ دُونَ مَا كَانَ بِخِلَافِهِ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُ عَلَى وَجْهِ التَّعْظِيمِ بَلْ كَانَ عَلَى وَجْهِ التَّوْكِيدِ وَيُحْتَمَلُ أَنَّهُ كَانَ ﷺ أَضْمَرَ فِيهِ اسْمَ اللهِ تَعَالَى كَأَنَّهُ قَالَ لَا وَرَبِّ أَبِيهِ وَغَيْرُهُ لَا يُضْمِرُ بَلْ يَذْهَبُ فِيهِ مَذْهَبَ التَّعْظِيمِ لِأَبِيهِ