63. Faith
٦٣۔ كِتَابُ الْأَيْمَانِ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Whoever swears an oath, let him swear only by Allah. The Quraysh used to swear by their fathers, so he ﷺ said, 'Do not swear by your fathers.'"
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ كَانَ حَالِفًا فَلَا يَحْلِفْ إِلَّا بِاللهِ وَكَانَتْ قُرَيْشٌ تَحْلِفُ بِآبَائِهَا فَقَالَ لَا تَحْلِفُوا بِآبَائِكُمْ
Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Whoever amongst you swears, (saying by error) in his oath 'By Al-Lat and Al- Uzza', then he should say, 'None has the right to be worshipped but Allah.' And whoever says to his companions, 'Come let me gamble' with you, then he must give something in charity (as an expiation for such a sin)." (See Hadith No. 645) (Using translation from Bukhārī 6107)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ حَلَفَ مِنْكُمْ فَقَالَ فِي حَلِفِهِ بِاللَّاتِ وَالْعُزَّى فَلْيَقُلْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَمَنْ قَالَ لِصَاحِبِهِ تَعَالَ أُقَامِرْكَ فَلْيَتَصَدَّقْ
[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said, "A believer is not obligated to fulfill a vow if he cannot fulfill it, and cursing a believer is like killing him. Whoever kills themselves with something will be punished with it on the Day of Judgment. And whoever swears by a religion other than Islam falsely, he is as he said."
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ لَيْسَ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِ نَذْرٌ فِيمَا لَا يَمْلِكُ وَلَعْنُ الْمُؤْمِنِ كَقَتْلِهِ وَمَنْ قَتَلَ نَفْسَهُ بِشَيْءٍ عُذِّبَ بِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَمَنْ حَلَفَ بِمِلَّةٍ غَيْرِ الْإِسْلَامِ كَاذِبًا فَهُوَ كَمَا قَالَ
The Prophet ﷺ said: If anyone takes an oath and says: I am free from Islam; now if he is a liar (in his oath), he will not return to Islam with soundness. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3258)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ حَلَفَ أَنَّهُ بَرِيءٌ مِنَ الْإِسْلَامِ فَإِنْ كَانَ صَادِقًا لَمْ يَرْجِعْ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ سَالِمًا وَإِنْ كَانَ كَاذِبًا فَهُوَ كَمَا قَالَ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Whoever breaks their oath of trust is not one of us, and whoever slanderizes the wife of a man or his slave, is not one of us."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ حَلَفَ بِالْأَمَانَةِ فَلَيْسَ مِنَّا وَمَنْ خَبَّبَ زَوْجَةَ امْرِئٍ أَوْ مَمْلُوكِهِ فَلَيْسَ مِنَّا
[Machine] Said Sa'id, Qatada and Al-Hasan said, "There is no expiation for one who swears by Judaism or Christianity and then breaks his oath."
قَالَ سَعِيدٌ كَانَ قَتَادَةُ وَالْحَسَنُ يَقُولَانِ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ كَفَّارَةٌ يَعْنِي مَنْ حَلَفَ بِالْيَهُودِيَّةِ أَوِ النَّصْرَانِيَّةِ ثُمَّ حَنِثَ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was asked about a man who claims to be a Jew, Christian, or someone who is not a Muslim, but he swears by Allah when making an oath and then breaks it. He replied that the expiation for breaking an oath is required. This narration has no basis in the Hadith of Az-Zuhri or others. Sulaiman ibn Abi Dawud al-Harrani attributed it to himself, but it is a fabricated hadith that has been weakened by scholars who have abandoned it.
سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَقُولُ هُوَ يَهُودِيٌّ أَوْ نَصْرَانِيٌّ أَوْ بَرِيءٌ مِنَ الْإِسْلَامِ فِي الْيَمِينِ يَحْلِفُ عَلَيْهِ فَيَحْنَثُ؟ قَالَ كَفَّارَةُ يَمِينٍ فَهَذَا لَا أَصْلَ لَهُ مِنْ حَدِيثِ الزُّهْرِيِّ وَلَا غَيْرِهِ تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي دَاوُدَ الْحَرَّانِيُّ وَهُوَ مُنْكَرُ الْحَدِيثِ ضَعَّفَهُ الْأَئِمَّةُ وَتَرَكُوْهُ