[Machine] "To go back to your group and not advance upon them; for we have no power over them." So he said, "As for me, I will make a covenant with God not to harm them and I will associate with them." When daylight came, they found that they had filled the earth. So he and his associates attacked and defeated the enemy, gaining much spoils. The people who did not participate in the fight joined them and said, "We are partners with you in the spoils." Those who witnessed the battle said, "You have no share, for you did not participate in the fight." Abdullah bin Zubair, who was among those who fought alongside Habib, wrote to Muawiya saying, "You have no share in this." Muawiya wrote to Umar ibn Al-Khattab about it, and Umar wrote back. And the poet Al-Bahr Al-Rajz said, "Indeed, Habib is a bad companion and the son of Zubair is a trouble-maker. They are not reliable nor trustworthy in people's affairs."  

أَنْ تَرْجِعَ إِلَى فِئَتِكَ وَلَا تَقْدُمْ عَلَى هَؤُلَاءِ؛ فَإِنَّهُ لَا طَاقَةَ لَنَا بِهِمْ فَقَالَ أَمَّا أَنَا فَأُعْطِي اللهَ عَهْدًا لَا أَخِيسُ بِهِ لَأُخَالِطَنَّهُمْ فَلَمَّا ارْتَفَعَ النَّهَارُ إِذَا هُوَ بِهِمْ قَدْ مَلَئُوا الْأَرْضَ فَحَمَلَ وَحَمَلَ أَصْحَابُهُ فَانْهَزَمَ الْعَدُوُّ وَأَصَابُوا غَنَائِمَ كَثِيرَةً فَلَحِقَ النَّاسُ الَّذِينَ لَمْ يَحْضُرُوا الْقِتَالَ وَقَالُوا نَحْنُ شُرَكَاؤُكُمْ فِي الْغَنِيمَةِ وَقَالَ الَّذِينَ شَهِدُوا الْقِتَالَ لَيْسَ لَكُمْ نَصِيبٌ؛ لَمْ تَحْضُرُوا الْقِتَالَ وَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ وَكَانَ مِمَّنْ حَضَرَ مَعَ حَبِيبٍ لَيْسَ لَكُمْ نَصِيبٌ فَكَتَبَ بِذَلِكَ إِلَى مُعَاوِيَةَ فَكَتَبَ أَنِ اقْسِمْ بَيْنَهُمْ كُلِّهِمْ قَالَ وَأَظُنُّ مُعَاوِيَةَ كَانَ كَتَبَ بِذَلِكَ إِلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ فَكَتَبَ بِذَلِكَ عُمَرُ ؓ وَقَالَ الشَّاعِرُ [البحر الرجز] إِنَّ حَبِيبًا بِئْسَ مَا يُوَاسِي وَابْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ ذَاهِبُ الْأَقْسَاسِ لَيْسُوا بِأَنْجَادٍ وَلَا أكيَاسِ وَلَا رَفِيقًا بِأُمُورِ النَّاسِ  

[Machine] I came to the Prophet ﷺ while he was in the valley of Qurra, displaying a horse. I said, "O Messenger of Allah, what have you been commanded to do?" He said, "I have been commanded to fight against people until they testify that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. If they say it, their blood and wealth are protected from me except by right, and their reckoning will be with Allah." I said, "O Messenger of Allah, who are the ones we fight?" He said, "Those are the Jews who are cursed and the misguided Christians." I said, "What do you say about the spoils of war?" He said, "For Allah is one-fifth, and four-fifths are for the army." I said, "Who deserves it the most from anyone?" He said, "Neither the arrow taken out of your side, nor your Muslim brother." 12932 He said, "And Yusuf reported to us, from Abdul-Wahid bin Ghayath, from Hammad bin Salamah, from Budail bin Maisarah, from Abdullah bin Shaqiq, from a man from Balqeen, who said, I came to the Prophet ﷺ and mentioned something similar to this, and Musa bin Dawood narrated it from Hammad bin Zaid. He said in the hadith, 'If you throw an arrow in your side and you take it out, you are not more deserving of it than your Muslim brother.' And in that is the clarification of what we have narrated, when the hadith of Ubada bin As-Samit was mentioned, that the Prophet ﷺ took a water skin on the day of Hunayn or he said, the day of Khaybar, and it was a gift from a camel. He said, 'O people, it is not allowed for me to take from what Allah has given you in proportion to this, except one-fifth, and one-fifth is returned to you.'"  

أَتَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَهُوَ بِوَادِي الْقُرَى وَهُوَ يَعْرِضُ فَرَسًا فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ بِمَا أُمِرْتَ؟ قَالَ أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أُقَاتِلَ النَّاسَ حَتَّى يَقُولَوا لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنِّي رَسُولُ اللهِ فَإِذَا قَالُوهَا عَصَمُوا مِنِّي دِمَاءَهُمْ وَأَمْوَالَهُمْ إِلَّا بِحَقِّهَا وَحِسَابُهُمْ عَلَى اللهِ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فَمَنْ هَؤُلَاءِ الَّذِينَ نُقَاتِلُ؟ قَالَ هَؤُلَاءِ الْيَهُودُ الْمَغْضُوبُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَهَؤُلَاءِ النَّصَارَى الضَّالُّونَ قُلْتُ فَمَا تَقُولُ فِي الْغَنِيمَةِ؟ قَالَ لِلَّهِ خُمُسُهَا وَأَرْبَعَةُ أَخْمَاسِهَا لِلْجَيْشِ قُلْتُ فَمَا أَحَدٌ أَوْلَى بِهِ مِنْ أَحَدٍ؟ قَالَ لَا وَلَا السَّهْمُ تَسْتَخْرِجُهُ مِنْ جَنْبِكَ أَحَقُّ بِهِ مِنْ أَخِيكَ الْمُسْلِمِ 12932 قَالَ وَثنا يُوسُفُ ثنا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ بْنُ غِيَاثٍ ثنا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ عَنْ بُدَيْلِ بْنِ مَيْسَرَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ شَقِيقٍ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ بَلْقِينَ قَالَ أَتَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَذَكَرَ نَحْوَهُ وَرَوَاهُ مُوسَى بْنُ دَاوُدَ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ فَقَالَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ فَإِنْ رَمَيْتَ بِسَهْمٍ فِي جَنْبِكَ فَاسْتَخْرَجْتَهُ فَلَسْتَ بِأَحَقَّ بِهِ مِنْ أَخِيكَ الْمُسْلِمِ وَفِي ذَلِكَ بَيَانُ مَا رُوِّينَا وَقَدْ مَضَى حَدِيثُ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ أَخَذَ يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ أَوْ قَالَ يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ وَبَرَةً مِنْ جَنْبِ بَعِيرٍ فَقَالَ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّهُ لَا يَحِلُّ لِي مِمَّا أَفَاءَ اللهُ عَلَيْكُمْ قَدْرَ هَذِهِ إِلَّا الْخُمُسَ وَالْخُمُسُ مَرْدُودٌ عَلَيْكُمْ  

"We were with the Messenger of Allah when the delegation of Hawazin came to him and said: 'O Muhammad! We are one of the 'Arab tribes and a calamity has befallen us of which you are well aware. Do us a favor, may Allah bless you.' He said: 'Choose between your wealth or your women and children.' They said: 'You have given us a choice between our families and our wealth; we choose our women and children.' The Messenger of Allah said: 'As for that which was allocated to myself and to Banu 'Abdul-Muttalib, it is yours. When I have prayed Zuhr, stand up and say: "We seek the help of the Messenger of Allah in dealing with the believers, or the Muslims, with regard to our women and children."' So when they prayed Zuhr, they stood up and said that. The Messenger of Allah said: 'As for that which was allocated to myself and to Banu 'Abdul-Muttalib, it is yours.' The Muhajirun said: 'That which was allocated to us is for the Messenger of Allah.' The Ansar said: 'That which was allocated to us is for the Messenger of Allah.' Al-Aqra' bin Habis said: 'As for myself and Banu Tamim, then no (we will not give it up).' 'Uyaynah bin Hisn said: 'As for myself and Banu Fazarah, then no (we will not give it up).' Al-'Abbas bin Mirdas said: 'As for myself and Banu Sulaim, then no (we will not give it up).' Banu Sulaim stood up and said: 'You lied; whatever was allocated to us, it is for the Messenger of Allah.' The Messenger of Allah said: 'O people, give their women and children back to them. Whoever gives back anything of these spoils of war, he will have six camels from the spoils of war that Allah grants us next.' Then he mounted his riding-animal and the people surrounded him, saying: 'Distribute our spoils of war among us.' They made him go back toward a tree on which his Rida' (upper-wrap) got caught. He said: 'O people! Give me back my Rida'. By Allah! If there were cattle as many in number as the trees of Tihamah I would distribute them among you, then you would not find me a miser, a coward or a liar.' Then he went to a camel and took a hair from its hump between two of his fingers and said: 'Look! I do not have any of the spoils of war. All I have is the Khums, and the Khums will be given back to you.' A man stood up holding a ball of yarn made from goat hair and said: 'O Messenger of Allah, I took this to fix my camel-saddle.' He said: 'What was allocated to myself and to Banu 'Abdul-Muttalib is for you.' He said: 'Is this so important? I don't need it!' And he threw it down. He said: 'O people! Give back even needles large and small, for Al-Ghulul will be (a source of) shame and disgrace for those who took it on the Day of Resurrection.'" (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3688)   

كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ بِحُنَيْنٍ فَلَمَّا أَصَابَ مِنْ هَوَازِنَ مَا أَصَابَ مِنْ أَمْوَالِهِمْ وَسَبَايَاهُمْ أَدْرَكَ وَفْدُ هَوَازِنَ بِالْجِعْرَانَةِ وَقَدْ أَسْلَمُوا فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ لَنَا أَصْلٌ وَعَشِيرَةٌ وَقَدْ أَصَابَنَا مِنَ الْبَلَاءِ مَا لَمْ يَخْفَ عَلَيْكَ فَمُنَّ عَلَيْنَا مَنَّ اللهُ عَلَيْكَ قَالَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ نِسَاؤُكُمْ وَأَبْنَاؤُكُمْ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْكُمْ أَمْ أَمْوَالُكُمْ؟ فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ خَيَّرْتَنَا بَيْنَ أَحْسَابِنَا وَبَيْنَ أَمْوَالِنَا أَبْنَاؤُنَا وَنِسَاؤُنَا أَحَبُّ إِلَيْنَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَمَّا مَا كَانَ لِي وَلِبَنِي عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ فَهُوَ لَكُمْ وَإِذَا أَنَا صَلَّيْتُ بِالنَّاسِ فَقُومُوا وَقُولُوا إِنَّا نَسْتَشْفِعُ بِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَبِالْمُسْلِمِينَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِي أَبْنَائِنَا وَنِسَائِنَا فَسَأُعْطِيكُمْ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ وَأَسْأَلُ لَكُمْ فَلَمَّا صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِالنَّاسِ الظُّهْرَ قَامُوا فَقَالُوا مَا أَمَرَهُمْ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَمَّا مَا كَانَ لِي وَلِبَنِي عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ فَهُوَ لَكُمْ فَقَالَ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ فَمَا كَانَ لَنَا فَهُوَ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَقَالَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ وَمَا كَانَ لَنَا فَهُوَ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ الْأَقْرَعُ بْنُ حَابِسٍ أَمَّا أَنَا وَبَنُو تَمِيمٍ فَلَا وَقَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ مِرْدَاسٍ أَمَّا أَنَا وَبَنُو سُلَيْمٍ فَلَا فَقَالَتْ بَنُو سُلَيْمٍ بَلْ مَا كَانَ لَنَا فَهُوَ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَقَالَ عُيَيْنَةُ بْنُ بَدْرٍ أَمَّا أَنَا وَبَنُو فَزَارَةَ فَلَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ أَمْسَكَ مِنْكُمْ بِحَقِّهِ فَلَهُ بِكُلِّ إِنْسَانٍ سِتَّةُ فَرَائِضَ مِنْ أَوَّلِ فَيْءٍ نُصِيبُهُ فَرَدُّوا إِلَى النَّاسِ نِسَاءَهُمْ وَأَبْنَاءَهُمْ ثُمَّ رَكِبَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَاتَّبَعَهُ النَّاسُ يَقُولُونَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ اقْسِمْ عَلَيْنَا فَيْئَنَا حَتَّى اضْطَرُّوهُ إِلَى شَجَرَةٍ فَانْتُزِعَتْ عَنْهُ رِدَاءُهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ رُدُّوا عَلَيَّ رِدَائِي فَوَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَوْ كَانَ لَكُمْ عَدَدُ شَجَرِ تِهَامَةَ نَعَمًا لَقَسَمْتُهُ عَلَيْكُمْ ثُمَّ مَا أَلْفَيْتُمُونِي بَخِيلًا وَلَا جَبَانًا وَلَا كَذَّابًا ثُمَّ قَامَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَى جَنْبِ بَعِيرٍ وَأَخَذَ مِنْ سَنَامِهِ وَبَرَةً فَجَعَلَهَا بَيْنَ أُصْبُعَيْهِ فَقَالَ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ وَاللهِ مَا لِي مِنْ فَيْئِكُمْ وَلَا هَذِهِ الْوَبَرَةِ إِلَّا الْخُمُسَ وَالْخُمُسُ مَرْدُودٌ عَلَيْكُمْ؛ فَأَدُّوا الْخِيَاطَ وَالْمَخِيطَ؛ فَإِنَّ الْغُلُولَ عَارٌ وَنَارٌ وَشَنَارٌ عَلَى أَهْلِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فَجَاءَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ بِكُبَّةٍ مِنْ خُيُوطِ شَعَرٍ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَخَذْتُ هَذَا لِأَخِيطَ بِهِ بَرْذَعَةَ بَعِيرٍ لِي دَبَرَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَمَّا حَقِّي مِنْهَا لَكَ فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ أَمَّا إِذَا بَلَغَ الْأَمْرُ هَذَا فَلَا حَاجَةَ لِي بِهَا فَرَمَى بِهَا مِنْ يَدِهِ  

When Allah favored His Apostle with the properties of Hawazin tribe as Fai (booty), he started giving to some Quarries men even up to one-hundred camels each, whereupon some Ansari men said about Messenger of Allah ﷺ, "May Allah forgive His Apostle! He is giving to (men of) Quraish and leaves us, in spite of the fact that our swords are still dropping blood (of the infidels)" When Messenger of Allah ﷺ was informed of what they had said, he called the Ansar and gathered them in a leather tent and did not call anybody else along, with them. When they gathered, Messenger of Allah ﷺ came to them and said, "What is the statement which, I have been informed, and that which you have said?" The learned ones among them replied," O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! The wise ones amongst us did not say anything, but the youngsters amongst us said, 'May Allah forgive His Apostle; he gives the Quarish and leaves the Ansar, in spite of the fact that our swords are still dribbling (wet) with the blood of the infidels.' " Messenger of Allah ﷺ replied, I give to such people as are still close to the period of Infidelity (i.e. they have recently embraced Islam and Faith is still weak in their hearts). Won't you be pleased to see people go with fortune, while you return with Messenger of Allah ﷺ to your houses? By Allah, what you will return with, is better than what they are returning with." The Ansar replied, "Yes, O Messenger of Allah ﷺ, we are satisfied' Then the Prophet ﷺ said to them." You will find after me, others being preferred to you. Then be patient till you meet Allah and meet His Apostle at Al-Kauthar (i.e. a fount in Paradise)." (Anas added:) But we did not remain patient. (Using translation from Bukhārī 3147)   

أَنَّ نَاسًا مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فِيمَا أَفَاءَ اللهُ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ مِنْ أَمْوَالِ هَوَازِنَ فَطَفِقَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يُعْطِي رَجُلًا مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ الْمِائَةَ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ فَقَالُوا يَغْفِرُ اللهُ لِرَسُولِهِ ﷺ يُعْطِي قُرَيْشًا وَيَتْرُكُنَا وَسُيُوفُنَا تَقْطُرُ مِنْ دِمَائِهِمْ قَالَ فَحُدِّثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِمَقَالَتِهِمْ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى الْأَنْصَارِ فَجَمَعَهُمْ فِي قُبَّةٍ مِنْ أَدَمٍ لَمْ يَدْعُ مَعَهُمْ غَيْرَهُمْ فَلَمَّا جَاءَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَا حَدِيثٌ بَلَغَنِي عَنْكُمْ؟ فَقَالَ لَهُ فُقَهَاؤُهُمْ أَمَّا ذَوُو رَأْيِنَا فَلَمْ يَقُولُوا شَيْئًا وَأَمَّا نَاسٌ مِنَّا حَدِيثَةٌ أَسْنَانُهُمْ فَقَالُوا يَغْفِرُ اللهُ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ يُعْطِي قُرَيْشًا وَيَتْرُكُنَا وَسُيُوفُنَا تَقْطُرُ مِنْ دِمَائِهِمْ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَإِنِّي أُعْطِي رِجَالًا حَدِيثِي عَهْدٍ بِكُفْرٍ؛ أَتَأَلَّفُهُمْ أَلَا تَرْضَوْنَ أَنْ يَذْهَبَ النَّاسُ بِالْأَمْوَالِ وَتَرْجِعُونَ إِلَى رِحَالِكُمْ بِرَسُولِ اللهِ لَمَا تَنْقَلِبُونَ بِهِ خَيْرٌ مِمَّا يَنْقَلِبُونَ بِهِ؟ قَالُوا بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قَدْ رَضِينَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّكُمْ سَتَجِدُونَ بَعْدِي أَثَرَةً شَدِيدَةً؛ فَاصْبِرُوا حَتَّى تَلَقَوَا اللهَ وَرَسُولَهُ عَلَى الْحَوْضِ قَالَ أَنَسٌ إِذًا نَصْبِرُ  

[Machine] The Ansar said, "By Allah, this is strange! Indeed, our swords are dripping with the blood of the Quraysh, and our spoils are divided among them." When the Prophet ﷺ heard about this, he specifically sent a message to the Ansar and asked, "What is this news that we have heard about you?" They replied, "It is the truth that has reached you." He then said, "Do you not want the people to take the spoils while you return with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to your homes? If the people were to take a valley or a path, I would take the path of the Ansar." This hadith was narrated by Abu Abdullah, and in the narration of Abu al-Hasan, it was mentioned during the Battle of Hunayn. The rest is similar in meaning.  

قَالَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ وَاللهِ إِنَّ هَذَا هُوَ الْعَجَبُ إِنَّ سُيُوفَنَا تَقْطُرُ مِنْ دِمَاءِ قُرَيْشٍ وَإِنَّ غَنَائِمَنَا تُقْسَمُ بَيْنَهُمْ فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَبَعَثَ إِلَى الْأَنْصَارِ خَاصَّةً فَقَالَ مَا هَذَا الَّذِي بَلَغَنَا عَنْكُمْ؟ وَكَانُوا لَا يَكْذِبُونَ فَقَالُوا هُوَ الَّذِي بَلَغَكَ فَقَالَ أَمَا تَرْضَوْنَ أَنْ يَذْهَبَ النَّاسُ بِالْغَنَائِمِ وَتَذْهَبُوا بِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَى بُيُوتِكُمْ؟ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَوْ سَلَكَ النَّاسُ وَادِيًا أَوْ شِعْبًا سَلَكْتُ وَادِيَ الْأَنْصَارِ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ حُنَيْنٍ وَالْبَاقِي بِمَعْنَاهُ  

Messenger of Allah, I had taken a vow during the days of Ignorance that I would observe I'tikaf for one day in the Sacred Mosque. So what is your opinion? He said: Go and observe I'tikaf for a day. And Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave him a slave girl out of the one-fifth (of the spoils of war meant for the Holy Prophet). And when Messenger of Allah (inay peace be upon him) set the war prisoners free. 'Umar b. Khattab heard their voice as they were saying: Messenger of Allah ﷺ has set as free. He (Hadrat 'Umar) said: What is this? They said: Messenger of Allah ﷺ has set free the prisoners of war (which had fallen to the lot of people). Thereupon he (Hadrat 'Umar) said: Abdullah, go to that slave-girl and set her free. (Using translation from Muslim 1656c)   

أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ سَأَلَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ بِالْجِعْرَانَةِ بَعْدَ أَنْ رَجَعَ مِنَ الطَّائِفِ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنِّي نَذَرْتُ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ أَنْ أَعْتَكِفَ يَوْمًا فِي الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ فَكَيْفَ تَرَى؟ قَالَ اذْهَبْ فَاعْتَكِفْ يَوْمًا وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَدْ أَعْطَاهُ جَارِيَةً مِنَ الْخُمُسِ فَلَمَّا أَعْتَقَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ سَبَايَا النَّاسِ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ يَا عَبْدَ اللهِ اذْهَبْ إِلَى تِلْكَ الْجَارِيَةِ فَخَلِّ سَبِيلَهَا  

[Machine] Because it is the noblest of earnings, everything honorable and great is attributed to it, and charity is not attributed to oneself; because it is the filth of people.  

لِأَنَّهَا أَشْرَفُ الْكَسْبِ وَإِنَّمَا يُنْسَبُ إِلَيْهِ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ يُشَرَّفُ وَيُعَظَّمُ وَلَمْ يَنْسِبِ الصَّدَقَةَ إِلَى نَفْسِهِ؛ لِأَنَّهَا أَوْسَاخُ النَّاسِ  

[Machine] "Regarding the saying of Allah, 'And know that whatever spoils of war you obtain, then indeed, for Allah is one fifth of it and for the Messenger' [Al-Anfal 41], he said, 'This is the key to the speech of Allah in this world and the Hereafter.'"  

عَنْ قَوْلِ اللهِ ﷻ {وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّمَا غَنِمْتُمْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ فَأَنَّ لِلَّهِ خُمُسَهُ وَلِلرَّسُولِ} [الأنفال 41] فَقَالَ هَذَا مِفْتَاحُ كَلَامِ لِلَّهِ مَا فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ  

[Machine] I asked Yahya bin Al-Jazzar, "How much did the Messenger of Allah ﷺ take as Khums?" He replied, "He took one-fifth of the fifth."  

سَأَلْتُ يَحْيَى بْنَ الْجَزَّارِ قُلْتُ كَمْ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مِنَ الْخُمُسِ؟ قَالَ خُمُسُ الْخُمُسِ  

[Machine] "In His saying (And know that whatever of war spoils you may gain, indeed, for Allah is one fifth of it and for the Messenger) [Surah Al-Anfal 41], it is said that the fifth is divided into five parts, one part for Allah and the Messenger, and the remaining parts are divided among others. It was narrated from Mujahid and Qatadah, as well as from Ataa, who said: 'The fifth is for Allah and His Messenger, one part.'"  

فِي قَوْلِهِ {وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّمَا غَنِمْتُمْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ فَأَنَّ لِلَّهِ خُمُسَهُ وَلِلرَّسُولِ} [الأنفال 41] قَالَ يُقَسَّمُ الْخُمُسُ عَلَى خَمْسَةِ أَخْمَاسٍ فَخُمُسُ اللهِ وَالرَّسُولِ وَاحِدٌ وَيُقَسَّمُ مَا سِوَى ذَلِكَ عَلَى الْآخَرِينَ وَرُوِّينَا عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ وَقَتَادَةَ كَذَلِكَ وَعَنْ عَطَاءٍ قَالَ خُمْسُ اللهِ وَرَسُولِهِ وَاحِدٌ  

[Machine] On the authority of 'Ataa, he said: "And know that whatever spoils you have acquired, indeed for Allah is one-fifth of it, and for the Messenger said: "The one-fifth belongs to Allah and the Messenger." And the Prophet ﷺ acted upon it as he pleased."  

عَنْ عَطَاءٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّمَا غَنِمْتُمْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ فَأَنَّ لِلَّهِ خُمُسَهُ وَلِلرَّسُولِ قَالَ خُمْسُ اللهِ وَالرَّسُولِ وَاحِدٌ وَكَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَصْنَعُ فِيهِ مَا شَاءَ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ prayed for us, then he took a piece of meat from the side of the camel. Then he said, "None of your spoils are permissible to you like this except the fifth. And the fifth is returned to you." Ash-Shafi'i said, "The Prophet ﷺ has passed away, leaving behind his father and mother. Allah and His angels have prayed upon him. There is a difference among the scholars regarding his arrow: Some of them said it should be returned to the two arrows that Allah mentioned with it. And some of them said the Imam should decide where to put it based on his ijtihad for Islam and its people. And some of them said it should be placed in the pouch, weapons, or giving it to the people affected by Islam, both in times of war and peace, as a preparation for increasing the strength of Islam and its people, based on what the Messenger of Allah ﷺ has done. Indeed, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ has given al-mu'allafa and spent in times of war, and he gave to the participants of the Battle of Khaybar some of his companions, both from the Emigrants and the Ansar, based on need and virtue. Most of them were in need. We see this, and Allah knows best, all from his arrow.  

صَلَّى بِنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَى بَعِيرٍ مِنَ الْمَغْنَمِ فَلَمَّا سَلَّمَ أَخَذَ وَبَرَةً مِنْ جَنْبِ الْبَعِيرِ ثُمَّ قَالَ وَلَا يَحِلُّ مِنْ غَنَائِمِكُمْ مِثْلُ هَذَا إِلَّا الْخُمُسَ وَالْخُمُسُ مَرْدُودٌ عَلَيْكُمْ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَقَدْ مَضَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِأَبِي هُوَ وَأُمِّي مَاضِيًا وَصَلَّى اللهُ وَمَلَائِكَتُهُ عَلَيْهِ فَاخْتَلَفَ أَهْلُ الْعِلْمِ عِنْدَنَا فِي سَهْمِهِ فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ قَالَ يُرَدُّ عَلَى السُّهْمَانِ الَّتِي ذَكَرَهَا اللهُ مَعَهُ وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ قَالَ يَضَعُهُ الْإِمَامُ حَيْثُ رَأَى عَلَى الِاجْتِهَادِ لِلْإِسْلَامِ وَأَهْلِهِ وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ قَالَ يَضَعُهُ فِي الْكُرَاعِ وَالسِّلَاحِ وَالَّذِي أَخْتَارُ أَنْ يَضَعَهُ الْإِمَامُ فِي كُلِّ أَمْرٍ حُصِّنَ بِهِ الْإِسْلَامُ وَأَهْلُهُ مِنْ سَدِّ ثَغْرٍ أَوْ إِعْدَادِ كُرَاعٍ أَوْ سِلَاحٍ أَوْ إِعْطَاءِ أَهْلِ الْبَلَاءِ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ نَفْلًا عِنْدَ الْحَرْبِ وَغَيْرِ الْحَرْبِ إِعْدَادًا لِلزِّيَادَةِ فِي تَعْزِيرِ الْإِسْلَامِ وَأَهْلِهِ عَلَى مَا صَنَعَ فِيهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَدْ أَعْطَى الْمُؤَلَّفَةَ وَنَفَّلَ فِي الْحَرْبِ وَأَعْطَى عَامَ خَيْبَرَ نَفَرًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارِ أَهْلَ حَاجَةٍ وَفَضْلٍ وَأَكْثَرُهُمْ أَهْلُ فَاقَةٍ نَرَى ذَلِكَ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ كُلَّهُ مِنْ سَهْمِهِ  

When Allah gave to His Apostle the war booty on the day of Hunain, he distributed that booty amongst those whose hearts have been (recently) reconciled (to Islam), but did not give anything to the Ansar. So they seemed to have felt angry and sad as they did not get the same as other people had got. The Prophet ﷺ then delivered a sermon before them, saying, "O, the assembly of Ansar! Didn't I find you astray, and then Allah guided you on the Right Path through me? You were divided into groups, and Allah brought you together through me; you were poor and Allah made you rich through me." Whatever the Prophet ﷺ said , they (i.e. the Ansar) said, "Allah and his Apostle have more favours to do." The Prophet ﷺ said, "What stops you from answering the Messenger of Allah?" But whatever he said to them, they replied, "Allah and His Apostle have more favours to do." The Prophet ﷺ then said, "If you wish you could say: 'You came to us in such-and-such state (at Medina).' Wouldn't you be willing to see the people go away with sheep and camels while you go with the Prophet ﷺ to your homes? But for the migration, I would have been one of the Ansar, and if the people took their way through a valley or mountain pass, I would select the valley or mountain pass of the Ansar. The Ansar are Shiar (i.e. those clothes which are in direct contact with the body and worn inside the other garments), and the people are Dithar (i.e. those clothes which are not in direct contact with the body and are worn over other garments). No doubt, you will see other people favoured over you, so you should be patient till you meet me at the Tank (of Kauthar). (Using translation from Bukhārī 4330)   

لَمَّا أَفَاءَ اللهُ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ مَا أَفَاءَ قَسَمَ فِي النَّاسِ فِي الْمُؤَلَّفَةِ قُلُوبُهُمْ وَلَمْ يَقْسِمْ أَوْ لَمْ يُعْطِ الْأَنْصَارَ شَيْئًا فَكَأَنَّهُ وَجَدَ إِذْ لَمْ يُصِبْهُمْ مَا أَصَابَ أَوْ كَأَنَّهُمْ وَجَدُوا إِذْ لَمْ يُصِبْهُمْ مَا أَصَابَ النَّاسَ فَخَطَبَهُمْ فَقَالَ يَا مَعْشَرَ الْأَنْصَارِ أَلَمْ أَجِدْكُمْ ضُلَّالًا فَهَدَاكُمُ اللهُ بِي؟ وَكُنْتُمْ مُتَفَرِّقِينَ فَأَلَّفَكُمُ اللهُ بِي؟ وَعَالَةً فَأَغْنَاكُمُ اللهُ بِي؟ قَالَ كُلَّمَا قَالَ شَيْئًا قَالُوا اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَمَنُّ قَالَ مَا يَمْنَعُكُمْ أَنْ تُجِيبُوا؟ قَالُوا اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَمَنُّ قَالَ لَوْ شِئْتُمْ قُلْتُمْ جِئْتَنَا كَذَا وَكَذَا أَلَا تَرْضَوْنَ أَنْ يَذْهَبَ النَّاسُ بِالشَّاةِ وَالْبَعِيرِ وَتَذْهَبُونَ بِرَسُولِ اللهِ إِلَى رِحَالِكُمْ؟ لَوْلَا الْهِجْرَةُ لَكُنْتُ امْرَأً مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ وَلَوْ سَلَكَ النَّاسُ وَادِيًا أَوْ شِعْبًا لَسَلَكْتُ وَادِيَ الْأَنْصَارِ وَشِعْبَهَا الْأَنْصَارُ شِعَارٌ وَالنَّاسُ دِثَارٌ إِنَّكُمْ سَتَلْقَوْنَ بَعْدِي أَثَرَةً؛ فَاصْبِرُوا حَتَّى تَلْقَوْنِي عَلَى الْحَوْضِ  

‘Ali sent some gold-mixed dust to the prophet (May peace be upon him). He divided it among the four : al-Aqra b. Habis al-Hanzall and then al-Mujashi, uyainah b. Badr al-fazari, zaid al-khail al-Ta’l, next to one of Banu nabhan, and ‘Alqamah b. ‘Ulathat al-Amiri (in general), next to one of Banu kulaib. The Quraish and the ansar became angry and said : He is giving to the chiefs of the people of Najd and leaving us. He said : I am giving them for reconciliation of their hearts. Then a man with deep-seated eyes, high cheek-bones, a projecting brow, a thick beard and a shaven head came forward and said: For Allah, Muhammad! He said : Who will obey Allah if I disobey Him? Allah entrusts me with power over the inhabitants of the earth, but you do not. A man asked to be allowed to kill him and I think he was Khalid b. al-Walid but he prevented him. Then when the man turned away, he said: From this one’s stock there will be people who recite the Quran, but it will not pass down their throats. They will sever from Islam and leave the worshippers of Idols alone; but if I live up to their time I shall certainly kill them as 'Ad were killed. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 4764)   

بَعَثَ عَلِيٌّ ؓ وَهُوَ بِالْيَمَنِ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِذَهَبِيَّةٍ فِي تُرْبَتِهَا فَقَسَمَهَا النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بَيْنَ زَيْدٍ الطَّائِيِّ ثُمَّ أَحَدِ بَنِي نَبْهَانَ وَبَيْنَ الْأَقْرَعِ بْنِ حَابِسٍ الْحَنْظَلِيِّ ثُمَّ أَحَدِ بَنِي مُجَاشِعٍ وَبَيْنَ عُيَيْنَةَ بْنِ حِصْنٍ وَبَيْنَ عَلْقَمَةَ بْنِ عُلَاثَةَ الْعَامِرِيِّ ثُمَّ أَحَدِ بَنِي كِلَابٍ فَغَضِبَتْ قُرَيْشٌ وَقَالَتْ يُعْطِي صَنَادِيدَ أَهْلِ نَجْدٍ وَيَدَعُنَا؟ فَقَالَ إِنَّمَا أَتَأَلَّفُهُمْ فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ غَائِرُ الْعَيْنَيْنِ نَاتِئُ الْجَبِينِ مُشْرَبُ الْوَجْنَتَيْنِ كَثُّ اللِّحْيَةِ مَحْلُوقُ الرَّأْسِ فَقَالَ اتَّقِ اللهَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَمَنْ يُطِعِ اللهَ إِذَا عَصَيْتُهُ؟ أَيَأْمَنُنِي عَلَى أَهْلِ الْأَرْضِ وَلَا تَأْمَنُونِي؟ فَسَأَلَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ قَتْلَهُ قَالَ أُرَاهُ خَالِدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ فَمَنَعَهُ فَلَمَّا وَلَّى الرَّجُلُ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِنَّ مِنْ ضِئْضِئِ هَذَا قَوْمٌ يَقْرَءُونَ الْقُرْآنَ لَا يُجَاوِزُ حَنَاجِرَهُمْ يَمْرُقُونَ مِنَ الْإِسْلَامِ كَمَا يَمْرُقُ السَّهْمُ مِنَ الرَّمِيَّةِ يَقْتُلُونَ أَهْلَ الْإِسْلَامِ وَيَدَعُونَ أَهْلَ الْأَوْثَانِ لَئِنْ لَقِيتُهُمْ لَأَقْتُلَنَّهُمْ قَتْلَ عَادٍ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent a military expedition to Najd and I went out in it. We obtained camels and sheep, and our count of camels reached twelve. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ also sacrificed a camel, one by one.  

بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ سَرِيَّةً إِلَى نَجْدٍ فَخَرَجْتُ فِيهَا فَأَصَبْنَا إِبِلًا وَغَنَمًا فَبَلَغَتْ سُهْمَانُنَا اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ بَعِيرًا وَنَفَّلَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بَعِيرًا بَعِيرًا  

[Machine] That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to perform the optional prayer before the revelation of the verse on the spoils of war. But when the verse was revealed, he stopped performing the optional prayer that he used to perform. And this was in relation to the one-fifth share of Allah and the Prophet ﷺ . It has been narrated from Sa'id ibn al-Musayyib that he said: "People used to give the optional prayer from the one-fifth share."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ يُنَفِّلُ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَنْزِلَ يَعْنِي الْآيَةَ فِي الْمَغْنَمِ فَلَمَّا نَزَلَتْ تَرَكَ النَّفْلَ الَّذِي كَانَ يُنَفِّلُ فَصَارَ ذَلِكَ فِي خُمُسِ الْخُمُسِ وَهُوَ سَهْمُ اللهِ ﷻ وَسَهْمُ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَرُوِّينَا عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ كَانَ النَّاسُ يُعْطَوْنَ النَّفْلَ مِنَ الْخُمُسِ  

[Machine] Anas did not, but he swore, then give me a portion of the spoils, and mentioned the hadith.  

أَنَسٌ لَا وَلَكِنِ اقْسِمْ ثُمَّ أَعْطِنِي مِنَ الْخُمُسِ وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ  

‘Abd Allah bin ‘Umar reported that ‘Umar said “When Khaibar was conquered, the Jews asked the Apostle of Allaah ﷺ to confirm that they would do all the cultivation and have half the produce. The Apostle of Allaah ﷺ said “I shall confirm you on that condition as long as we wish. So they were confirmed on that (condition). The dates from half the produce of Khaibar were divided into a number of portions. The Apostle of Allaah ﷺ would take the fifth. The Apostle of Allaah ﷺ used to contribute from the fifth one hundred wasqs of dates and twenty wasqs of wheat to each of his wives. When ‘Umar intended to expel the Jews from Khaibar he sent a message to the wives of the Prophet ﷺ and said to them “If any of you wishes that I divide the palm trees for her by their assessment that amounts one hundred wasqs (of dates) and to her belongs their root, their land and their water and (likewise) twenty wasqs from the produce of the cultivated land by assessment, I shall (do that). And if any of you wishes that we take out her portion from the fifth, we shall do (that). (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3008)   

لَمَّا افْتُتِحَتْ خَيْبَرُ سَأَلَتْ يَهُودُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ يُقِرَّهُمْ عَلَى أَنْ يَعْمَلُوا عَلَى النِّصْفِ مِمَّا خَرَجَ مِنْهَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أُقِرُّكُمْ فِيهَا عَلَى ذَلِكَ مَا شِئْنَا فَكَانُوا عَلَى ذَلِكَ وَكَانَ الثَّمَرُ يُقْسَمُ عَلَى السُّهْمَانِ مِنْ نِصْفِ خَيْبَرَ وَيَأْخُذُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْخُمُسَ وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يُطْعِمُ كُلَّ امْرَأَةٍ مِنْ أَزْوَاجِهِ مِنَ الْخُمُسِ مِائَةَ وَسْقٍ تَمْرًا وَعِشْرِينَ وَسْقًا شَعِيرًا فَلَمَّا أَرَادَ عُمَرُ إِخْرَاجَ الْيَهُودِ أَرْسَلَ إِلَى أَزْوَاجِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ لَهُنَّ مَنْ أَحَبَّ مِنْكُنَّ أَنْ أَقْسِمَ لَهَا نَخْلًا بِخَرْصِهَا مِائَةَ وَسْقٍ فَيَكُونُ لَهَا أَصْلُهَا وَأَرْضُهَا وَمَاؤُهَا وَمِنَ الزَّرْعِ مَزْرَعَةَ خَرْصٍ عِشْرِينَ وَسْقًا فَعَلْنَا وَمَنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ نَعْزِلَ الَّذِي لَهَا فِي الْخُمُسِ كَمَا هُوَ فَعَلْنَا  

[Machine] And Abdullah ibn Abu Bakr ibn Hazm mentioned the division of the spoils of Khaybar. They said: Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ divided one-fifth between his relatives, his wives, and the men and women of the Muslims. He gave from it to his daughter Fatimah two hundred shares, and to Ali ibn Abi Talib one hundred shares, and to Osama ibn Zaid two hundred shares including fifty shares as gifts, and to Isa ibn Nakeem two hundred shares, and to Abu Bakr As-Siddiq two hundred shares. They mentioned a group of men and women who were given shares from it.  

وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ حَزْمٍ فَذَكَرَا قِسْمَةَ خَيْبَرَ قَالَا ثُمَّ قَسَمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ خُمُسَهُ بَيْنَ أَهْلِ قَرَابَتِهِ وَبَيْنَ نِسَائِهِ وَبَيْنَ رِجَالٍ وَنِسَاءٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ أَعْطَاهُمْ مِنْهَا فَقَسَمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لِابْنَتِهِ فَاطِمَةَ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ مِائَتَيْ وَسْقٍ وَلعَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ؓ مِائَةَ وَسْقٍ وَلِأُسَامَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ مِائَتَيْ وَسْقٍ مِنْهَا خَمْسُونَ وَسْقًا نَوًى وَلِعِيسَى بْنِ نُقِيمٍ مِائَتَيْ وَسْقٍ وَلِأَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ ؓ مِائَتَيْ وَسْقٍ فَذَكَرَا جَمَاعَةً مِنَ الرِّجَالِ وَالنِّسَاءِ قَسَمَ لَهُمْ مِنْهَا  

[Machine] He said, "Uthman ibn Affan and I went to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, 'O Messenger of Allah, have you given the Banu Muttalib while leaving us, even though we and they are in the same position?' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'The Banu Muttalib and the Banu Hashim are one thing.'"  

أَنَّهُ قَالَ مَشَيْتُ أَنَا وَعُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ ؓ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ فَقُلْنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَعْطَيْتَ بَنِي الْمُطَّلِبِ وَتَرَكْتَنَا وَإِنَّمَا نَحْنُ وَهُمْ بِمَنْزِلَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّمَا بَنُو الْمُطَّلِبٍ وَبَنُو هَاشِمٍ شَيْءٌ وَاحِدٌ  

"He and 'Uthman bin 'Affan came to the Messenger of Allah to speak to him about what he had distributed of the Khumus of Hunain to Banu Hashim and Banu Al-Muttalib bin 'Abd Manaf. They said: 'O Messenger of Allah, you distributed it to our brothers; Banu Al-Muttalib bin 'Abd Manaf, and you did not give us anything, and our relationship to you in the same as theirs. 'The Messenger of Allah said to them: 'I see that Hashim and Al-Muttalib are the same." Jubair bin Mut'im said: "The Messenger of Allah did not allocate anything to Banu 'Abd Shams or Banu Nawfal from that Khumus, as he allocated to Banu Hashim and Banu Al-Muttalib." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4136)   

أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّهُ جَاءَ هُوَ وَعُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ يَسْأَلَانِهِ لَمَّا قَسَمَ فَيْءَ خَيْبَرَ بَيْنَ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ وَبَنِي الْمُطَّلِبِ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قَسَمْتَ لِإِخْوَانِنَا بَنِي الْمُطَّلِبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ وَلَمْ تُعْطِنَا شَيْئًا وَقَرَابَتُنَا مِثْلُ قَرَابَتِهِمْ؟ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّمَا هَاشِمٌ وَالْمُطَّلِبُ شَيْءٌ وَاحِدٌ وَقَالَ جُبَيْرُ بْنُ مُطْعِمٍ لَمْ يَقْسِمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لِبَنِي عَبْدِ شَمْسٍ وَلَا لِبَنِي نَوْفَلٍ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْخُمُسِ شَيْئًا كَمَا قَسَمَ لِبَنِي هَاشِمٍ وَبَنِي الْمُطَّلِبِ  

[Machine] When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ distributed the share of Ghaneemah (spoils of war) from Khaybar among the Bani Hashim and the Bani Muttalib, I walked with Uthman ibn Affan. I said, "O Messenger of Allah, these are your brothers from the Bani Hashim, we do not deny their favor because of the position Allah has given you among them. But what do you think about our brothers from the Bani Muttalib whom you have given and left us, even though we and they are in the same status?" He replied, "They did not leave us in the time of ignorance nor in Islam. The Bani Hashim and the Bani Muttalib are one thing." Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ intertwined his fingers of one hand with the other hand and said, "They are like this." Then Abu Bakr Ahmad ibn al-Hasan narrated to us, who narrated to us from Abu al-Abbas Muhammad ibn Ya'qub, who narrated to us from Rabee'ah ibn Sulayman, who narrated to us from al-Shafi'i, who narrated to us from Muttarif ibn Mazin, who narrated to us from Ma'mar ibn Rashid, who narrated to us from Ibn Shihab, who said, "Muhammad ibn Jubayr ibn Mut'im narrated to me, as you have described. So, Ibn Shihab added the narration of Yunus and Muhammad ibn Ishaq from Ibn Shihab, from Ibn al-Musayyib, from Jubayr, who said that al-Shafi'i mentioned this, so I mentioned it to Muttarif ibn Mazin, and he said, "Ma'mar narrated it to me exactly as you described." And perhaps Ibn Shihab said... [the translation cuts off here]  

لَمَّا قَسَمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ سَهْمَ ذِي الْقُرْبَى مِنْ خَيْبَرَ عَلَى بَنِي هَاشِمٍ وَبَنِي الْمُطَّلِبِ مَشَيْتُ أَنَا وَعُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ ؓ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ هَؤُلَاءِ إِخْوَانُكَ بَنُو هَاشِمٍ لَا نُنْكِرُ فَضْلَهُمْ لِمَكَانِكَ الَّذِي جَعَلَكَ اللهُ بِهِ مِنْهُمْ أَرَأَيْتَ إِخْوَانَنَا مِنْ بَنِي الْمُطَّلِبِ أَعْطَيْتَهُمْ وَتَرَكْتَنَا وَإِنَّمَا نَحْنُ وَهُمْ مِنْكَ بِمَنْزِلَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ؟ فَقَالَ إِنَّهُمْ لَمْ يُفَارِقُونَا فِي جَاهِلِيَّةٍ وَلَا إِسْلَامٍ إِنَّمَا بَنُو هَاشِمٍ وَبَنُو الْمُطَّلِبِ شَيْءٌ وَاحِدٌ ثُمَّ شَبَّكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَدَيْهِ إِحْدَاهُمَا فِي الْأُخْرَى 12954 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ أنبأ الشَّافِعِيُّ أنبأ مُطَرِّفُ بْنُ مَازِنٍ عَنْ مَعْمَرِ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ مُطْعِمٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ لَمَّا قَسَمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ سَهْمَ ذِي الْقُرْبَى بَيْنَ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ وَبَنِي الْمُطَّلِبِ أَتَيْتُهُ أَنَا وَعُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ ؓ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ بِمَعْنَى حَدِيثِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَذْكُرْ قَوْلَهُ لَمْ يُفَارِقُونَا فِي جَاهِلِيَّةٍ وَلَا إِسْلَامٍ فَقَالَ إِنَّمَا بَنُو هَاشِمٍ وَبَنُو الْمُطَّلِبِ شَيْءٌ وَاحِدٌ هَكَذَا وَشَبَّكَ بَيْنَ أَصَابِعِهِ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ الشَّافِعِيُّ حَدِيثَ يُونُسَ وَمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ عَنْ جُبَيْرٍ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِمُطَرِّفِ بْنِ مَازِنٍ فَقَالَ حَدَّثَنَاهُ مَعْمَرٌ كَمَا وَصَفْتَ فَلَعَلَّ ابْنَ شِهَابٍ  

[Machine] I walked with Fulan to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, "O Messenger of Allah, have you favored the sons of Muttalib and neglected us, while we and they are of the same status in relation to you?" He ﷺ said, "The sons of Hashim and the sons of Muttalib are one thing, Ibrahim ibn Isma'il and Muttarif ibn Mazen were weak individuals. And in a narration from the majority of scholars, from Al-Zuhri, from Ibn Al-Musayyib, from Jubair, it is sufficient."  

مَشَيْتُ أَنَا وَفُلَانٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقُلْنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَعْطَيْتَ بَنِي الْمُطَّلِبِ وَتَرَكْتَنَا وَإِنَّمَا نَحْنُ وَهُمْ إِلَيْكَ بِمَنْزِلٍ وَاحِدٍ؟ فَقَالَ ﷺ إِنَّمَا بَنُو هَاشِمٍ وَبَنُو الْمُطَّلِبِ شَيْءٌ وَاحِدٌ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ وَمُطَرِّفُ بْنُ مَازِنٍ ضَعِيفَانِ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ الْجَمَاعَةِ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ عَنْ جُبَيْرٍ كِفَايَةٌ  

‘Ali bin Abi Talib said “I had an old she Camel that I got as my share from the booty on the day of Badr. The Apostle of Allaah ﷺ also gave me an old she camel from the fifth that day. When I intended to cohabit with Fathimah daughter of the Apostle of Allaah ﷺ, I made arrangement with a man who was a goldsmith belonging to Banu Qainuqa’ to go with me so that we may bring grass. I intended to sell it to the goldsmith there by seeking help in my wedding feast. While I was collecting for my old Camels saddles, baskets and ropes both of she Camels were seated in a corner of the apartment of a man of the Ansar. When I collected what I collected (i.e., equipment) I turned (towards them). I suddenly found that the humps of she Camels were cut off and their hips were pierced and their lives were taken out. I could not control my eyes (to weep) when I saw that scene. I said “Who has done this?” They (the people) replied “Hamzah bin ‘Abd Al Muttalib”. He is among the drunkards of the Ansar in this house. A singing girl is singing for him and his Companions. While singing she said “Oh Hamza, rise to these plumpy old she Camels. So he jumped to the sword and cut off their humps, pierced their hips and took out their livers.” ‘Ali said “I went till I entered upon the Apostle of Allaah ﷺ while Zaid bin Harithah was with him.” The Apostle of Allaah ﷺ realized what I had met with. The Apostle of Allaah ﷺ aid “What is the matter with you?” I said Apostle of Allaah ﷺ, I never saw the thing that happened with me today. Hamzah wronged my she Camels, he cut off their humps, pierced their hips. Lo! He is in a house with drunkards. The Apostle of Allaah ﷺ asked for his cloak. It was brought to him. He then went out, I and Zaid bin Harithah followed him until we reached the house where Hamzah was. He asked permission ( to entre). He was permitted. He found drunkards there. The Apostle of Allaah ﷺ began to rebuke him (Hamzah) for his action. Hamzah was intoxicated and his eyes were reddish. Hamzah looked at the Apostle of Allaah ﷺ. He then raised his eyes and looked at his knees, he then raised his eyes and looked at his navel and he then raised his eyes and looked at his face. Hamzah then said “Are you but the salves of my father? Then the Apostle of Allaah ﷺ knew that he was intoxicated. So the Apostle of Allaah ﷺ moved backward. He then went out and we also went out with him.” (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2986)   

كَانَتْ لِي شَارِفٌ مِنْ نَصِيبِي مِنَ الْمَغْنَمِ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَعْطَانِي شَارِفًا مِنَ الْخُمُسِ يَوْمَئِذٍ فَلَمَّا أَرَدْتُ أَنْ أَبْنِيَ بِفَاطِمَةَ بِنْتِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَاعَدْتُ رَجُلًا صَوَّاغًا مِنْ بَنِي قَيْنُقَاعَ أَنْ يَرْتَحِلَ مَعِي فَنَأْتِيَ بِإذْخِرٍ أَرَدْتُ أَنْ أَبِيعَهُ مِنَ الصَّوَّاغِينَ فَأَسْتَعِينُ بِهِ فِي وَلِيمَةِ عُرْسِي فَبَيْنَا أَنَا أَجْمَعُ لِشَارِفِيَّ مَتَاعًا مِنَ الْأَقْتَابِ وَالْغَرَائِرِ وَالْحَبَائِلِ وَشَارِفَايَ مُنَاخَتَانِ إِلَى جَنْبِ حُجْرَةِ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَرَجَعْتُ حِينَ جَمَعْتُ ما جَمَعْتُ وَإِذَا شَارِفَايَ قَدِ اجْتُبَّتْ أَسْنِمَتُهُمَا وَبُقِرَتْ خَوَاصِرُهُمَا وَأُخِذَ مِنْ أَكْبَادِهِمَا فَلَمْ أَمْلِكْ عَيْنِي حِينَ رَأَيْتُ ذَلِكَ الْمَنْظَرَ مِنْهُمَا فَقُلْتُ مَنْ فَعَلَ هَذَا؟ فَقَالُوا فَعَلَهُ حَمْزَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ وَهُوَ فِي هَذَا الْبَيْتِ فِي شَرْبٍ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ غَنَّتْهُ قَيْنَةٌ وَأَصْحَابَهُ فَقَالَتْ فِي غِنَائِهَا [البحر الوافر] أَلَا يَا حَمْزُ لِلشُّرُفِ النِّوَاءِ وَهُنَّ مُعَقَّلَاتٌ بِالْفِنَاءِ فَقَامَ حَمْزَةُ إِلَى السَّيْفِ فَاجْتَبَّ أَسْنِمَتَهُمَا وَبَقَرَ خَوَاصِرَهُمَا وَأَخَذَ مِنْ أَكْبَادِهِمَا قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ فَانْطَلَقْتُ حَتَّى أَدْخُلَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَعِنْدَهُ زَيْدُ بْنُ حَارِثَةَ فَعَرَفَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي وَجْهِيَ الَّذِي لَقِيتُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَاذَا؟ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا رَأَيْتُ كَالْيَوْمِ قَطُّ عَدَا حَمْزَةُ عَلَى نَاقَتِيَّ وَاجْتَبَّ أَسْنِمَتَهُمَا وَبَقَرَ خَوَاصِرَهُمَا وَهَا هُوَ ذَا مَعَهَ شَرْبٌ فَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِرِدَائِهِ فَارْتَدَى ثُمَّ انْطَلَقَ يَمْشِي وَاتبعته أَنَا وَزَيْدُ بْنُ حَارِثَةَ حَتَّى جَاءَ الْبَيْتَ الَّذِي فِيهِ حَمْزَةُ فَاسْتَأْذَنَ فَأَذِنُوا لَهُ فَإِذَا هُمْ شَرْبٌ فَطَفِقَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَلُومُ حَمْزَةَ فِيمَا فَعَلَ وَإِذَا حَمْزَةُ ثَمِلٌ مُحْمَرَّةٌ عَيْنَاهُ فَنَظَرَ حَمْزَةُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ ثُمَّ صَعَّدَ النَّظَرَ فَنَظَرَ إِلَى رُكْبَتِهِ ثُمَّ صَعَّدَ النَّظَرَ فَنَظَرَ إِلَى سُرَّتِهِ ثُمَّ صَعَّدَ النَّظَرَ فَنَظَرَ إِلَى وَجْهِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ حَمْزَةُ وَهَلْ أَنْتُمْ إِلَّا عَبِيدٌ لِأَبِي فَعَرَفَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ ثَمِلٌ فَنَكَصَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَى عَقِبَيْهِ الْقَهْقَرَى فَخَرَجَ وَخَرَجْنَا مَعَهُ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , sent Ali to Khalid bin Walid to collect the fifth (due to the caliphate). Ali took a slave girl from him, and in the morning his head was dripping. Khalid said to Buraydah, "Don't you see what he is doing?" He said, "And I used to dislike Ali." So I mentioned that to the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , and he said, "O Buraydah, do you dislike Ali?" He said, "Yes." He said, "Then love him, for he has more than that from the fifth."  

رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَلِيًّا ؓ إِلَى خَالِدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ ؓ لِيَقْبِضَ الْخُمُسَ فَأَخَذَ منهِ جَارِيَةً فَأَصْبَحَ وَرَأْسُهُ يَقْطُرُ قَالَ خَالِدٌ لِبُرَيْدَةَ أَلَا تَرَى مَا يَصْنَعُ هَذَا؟ قَالَ وَكُنْتُ أُبْغِضُ عَلِيًّا ؓ فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا بُرَيْدَةُ أَتُبْغِضُ عَلِيًّا؟ قَالَ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَأَحِبَّهُ؛ فَإِنَّ لَهُ فِي الْخُمُسِ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ  

That he and 'Uthman b. 'Affan went to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ talking to him about the fifth which he divided among the Banu Hisham and Abu 'Abd al-Muttalib. I said: Messenger of Allah, you have divided (the fifth) among our brethren Banu 'Abd al-Muttalib, but you have not given us anything, though our relationship to you is the same as theirs. The Prophet ﷺ said: The Banu Hisham and the Banu 'Abd al-Muttalib are one. Jubair said: He did not divide the fifth among the Banu 'Abd Shams and the Banu Nawfal as he divided among the Banu Hashim and the Banu 'Abd al-Muttalib. He said: Abu Bakr used to divide the fifth like the division of Messenger of Allah ﷺ except that he did not give the relatives of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, as he gave them. 'Umar b. al-Khattab and 'Uthman after him used to give them (a portion) from it. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2978)   

هُوَ وَعُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ ؓ يُكَلِّمَانِ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فِيمَا قَسَمَ مِنَ الْخُمُسِ بَيْنَ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ وَبَنِي الْمُطَّلِبِ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قَسَمْتَ لِإِخْوَانِنَا بَنِي الْمُطَّلِبِ وَلَمْ تُعْطِنَا شَيْئًا وَقَرَابَتُنَا وقرابتهم وَاحِدَةٌ؟ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِنَّمَا بَنُو هَاشِمٍ وَبَنُوُ الْمُطَّلِبِ شَيْءٌ وَاحِدٌ قَالَ جُبَيْرٌ وَلَمْ يَقْسِمْ لِبَنِي عَبْدِ شَمْسٍ وَلَا لِبَنِي نَوْفَلٍ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْخُمُسِ كَمَا قَسَمَ لِبَنِي هَاشِمٍ وَبَنِي الْمُطَّلِبِ قَالَ وَكَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ يَقْسِمُ الْخُمُسَ نَحْوَ قَسْمِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ يُعْطِي قُرْبَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مَا كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يُعْطِيهِمْ مِنْهُ قَالَ وَكَانَ عُمَرُ ؓ يُعْطِيهِمْ مِنْهُ وَعُثْمَانُ ؓ بَعْدَهُ  

[Machine] People were divided into two groups following the death of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ . Some said that the arrow should be given to the Prophet's relatives due to their connection to him, while others said it should go to the caliphate. There were also those who believed that the arrow should be for the caliphate after the Prophet ﷺ . They eventually agreed to use both arrows for horses and equipment in the path of Allah. This decision was made during the caliphate of Abu Bakr and Umar.  

النَّاسُ فِي هَذَيْنِ السَّهْمَيْنِ بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ قَائِلُونَ سَهْمُ ذَوِي الْقُرْبَى لِقَرَابَةِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَقَالَ قَائِلُونَ لِقَرَابَةِ الْخَلِيفَةِ وَقَالَ قَائِلُونَ سَهْمُ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ لِلْخَلِيفَةِ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ فَاجْتَمَعَ رَأْيُهُمْ عَلَى أَنْ يَجْعَلُوا هَذَيْنِ السَّهْمَيْنِ فِي الْخَيْلِ وَالْعُدَّةِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ فَكَانَا عَلَى ذَلِكَ فِي خِلَافَةِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ ؓ  

[Machine] Ali, was he on the side of Ali? He said, "He followed the path of Abu Bakr and Umar." He said, "I asked, how and why do you say what you say?" He said, "By Allah, they did not speak except based on their own opinions. But Ali disliked being opposed to Abu Bakr and Umar." And in the narration of Ahmad ibn Khalid al-Wahbi, he said, "By Allah, the people of his household did not speak except based on their own opinions. But he disliked being accused of opposing Abu Bakr and Umar." And likewise...  

عَلِيٌّ ؓ فِي سَهْمِ ذِي الْقُرْبَى؟ قَالَ سَلَكَ بِهِ طَرِيقَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ ؓ قَالَ قُلْتُ وَكَيْفَ وَأَنْتُمْ تَقُولُونَ مَا تَقُولُونَ؟ قَالَ أَمَا وَاللهِ مَا كَانُوا يَصْدُرُونَ إِلَّا عَنْ رَأْيِهِ وَلَكِنَّهُ كَرِهَ أَنْ يَتَعَلَّقَ عَلَيْهِ خِلَافُ أَبِي بَكْرِ وَعُمَرَ ؓ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ الْوَهْبِيِّ قَالَ أَمَا وَاللهِ مَا كَانَ أَهْلُ بَيْتِهِ يَصْدُرُونَ إِلَّا عَنْ رَأْيِهِ وَلَكِنْ كَانَ يَكْرَهُ أَنْ يُدَّعَى عَلَيْهِ خِلَافُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ ؓ وَكَذَلِكَ  

I heard 'Ali say: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ assigned me the fifth (of the booty). I spent it on its beneficiaries during the lifetime of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and Abu Bakr and of 'Umar. Some property was brought to him ('Umar) and he called me and said: Take it. I said: I dod not want it. He said: Take it ; you have right to it. I said: We do not need it. So he deposited in the government treasury. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2983)   

ؓ يَقُولُ وَلَّانِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ خُمُسَ الْخُمُسِ فَوَضَعْتُهُ مَوَاضِعَهُ حَيَاةَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَحَيَاةَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَحَيَاةَ عُمَرَ ؓ زَادَ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ فِي حَدِيثِهِ فَأُتِيَ بِمَالٍ فَدَعَانِي فَقَالَ خُذْهُ فَقُلْتُ لَا أُرِيدُهُ قَالَ خُذْهُ؛ فَأَنْتُمْ أَحَقُّ بِهِ قُلْتُ قَدِ اسْتَغْنَيْنَا عَنْهُ فَجَعَلَهُ فِي بَيْتِ الْمَالِ  

[Machine] "He (the narrator) says: I, Abbas, Fatimah, and Zaid ibn Harithah gathered with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Abbas then asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ: 'O Messenger of Allah, I have aged, my bones have weakened, and my knees are burdened. If you see fit, please command me to do certain tasks and provide me with a portion of food.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ agreed to his request and ordered accordingly. Then Fatimah said: 'O Messenger of Allah, I am entitled to the inheritance that you have already mentioned. If you see fit, please command me (to reclaim it) as you commanded my uncle.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ agreed to her request as well. Then Zaid ibn Harithah said: 'O Messenger of Allah, you once gave me a piece of land to live in, but then you took it back from me. If you see fit, please return it to me.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ agreed to his request too. I (the narrator) said: 'O Messenger of Allah, if you see fit, please grant me our rightful share of the fifth (in the distribution of war spoils), and I swear by your life that no one will dispute it with me after you.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ agreed to my request. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ turned to Abbas and said: 'O Abu Al-Fadl, don't you ask me what your nephew asked?' Abbas replied: 'O Messenger of Allah, my request has ended with what you were asked.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ then made an oath on behalf of Abbas' life, just as he did for himself, and then on behalf of Abu Bakr, and then on behalf of Umar, until the last year of Umar's life. At that time, he received a substantial amount of wealth and he distributed our share to us. Then he sent for me and said: 'This wealth is yours, divide it as you used to divide (the spoils).' I said: 'O Commander of the Believers, we have become self-sufficient from it, but the Muslims still have a need for it.' So he returned it to them that year. After Umar, no one asked us for our share until I reached this position of mine. I met Abbas after leaving Umar's presence and he said to me: 'O Ali, you have deprived us of breakfast that will never be denied to us until the Day of Judgment.' And Abbas was a discerning man."  

ؓ يَقُولُ اجْتَمَعْتُ أَنَا وَالْعَبَّاسُ وَفَاطِمَةُ وَزَيْدُ بْنُ حَارِثَةَ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَسَأَلَ الْعَبَّاسُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ كَبِرَ سِنِّي وَرَقَّ عَظْمِي وَرَكِبَتْنِي مُؤْنَةٌ فَإِنْ رَأَيْتَ أَنْ تَأْمُرَنِي بِكَذَا وَكَذَا وَسْقًا مِنْ طَعَامٍ فَافْعَلْ قَالَ فَفَعَلَ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ قَالَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ؓ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَنَا مِنْكَ بِالْمَنْزِلِ الَّذِي قَدْ عَلِمْتَ فَإِنْ رَأَيْتَ أَنْ تَأْمُرَ لِي كَمَا أَمَرْتَ لِعَمِّكَ فَافْعَلْ قَالَ فَفَعَلَ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ قَالَ زَيْدُ بْنُ حَارِثَةَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ كُنْتَ أَعْطَيْتَنِي أَرْضًا أَعِيشُ فِيهَا ثُمَّ قَبَضْتَهَا مِنِّي فَإِنْ رَأَيْتَ أَنْ تَرُدَّهَا عَلَيَّ فَافْعَلْ قَالَ فَفَعَلَ ذَلِكَ قُلْتُ أَنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنْ رَأَيْتَ أَنْ تُوَلِّيَنِي حَقَّنَا مِنَ الْخُمُسِ فِي كِتَابِ اللهِ فَأَقْسِمَهُ حَيَاتَكَ كَيْلَا يُنَازِعَنِيهِ أَحَدٌ بَعْدَكَ فَافْعَلْ قَالَ فَفَعَلَ ذَاكَ ثُمَّ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ الْتَفَتَ إِلَى الْعَبَّاسِ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا الْفَضْلِ أَلَا تَسْأَلُنِي الَّذِي سَأَلَهُ ابْنُ أَخِيكَ؟ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ انْتَهَتْ مَسْأَلَتِي إِلَى الَّذِي سَأَلْتُكَ قَالَ فَوَلَّانِيهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَسَمْتُهُ حَيَاةَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ ثُمَّ وَلَّانِيهِ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ فَقَسَمْتُهُ حَيَاةَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ ثُمَّ وَلَّانِيهِ عُمَرُ ؓ فَقَسَمْتُهُ حَيَاةَ عُمَرَ ؓ حَتَّى كَانَ آخِرُ سَنَةٍ مِنْ سِنِيِّ عُمَرَ ؓ أَتَاهُ مَالٌ كَثِيرٌ فَعَزَلَ حَقَّنَا ثُمَّ أَرْسَلَ إِلِيَّ فَقَالَ هذا مَالُكُمْ فَخُذْهُ فَاقْسِمْهُ حَيْثُ كُنْتَ تَقْسِمُهُ فَقُلْتُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ بِنَا عَنْهُ الْعَامَ غِنًى وَبِالْمُسْلِمِينَ إِلَيْهِ حَاجَةٌ فَرَدَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ تِلْكَ السَّنَةَ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَدْعُنَا إِلَيْهِ أَحَدٌ بَعْدَ عُمَرَ ؓ حَتَّى قُمْتُ مَقَامِيَ هَذَا فَلَقِيتُ الْعَبَّاسَ ؓ بَعْدَمَا خَرَجْتُ مِنْ عِنْدِ عُمَرَ ؓ فَقَالَ يَا عَلِيُّ لَقَدْ حَرَمْتَنَا الْغَدَاةَ شَيْئًا لَا يُرَدُّ عَلَيْنَا أَبَدًا إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ وَكَانَ رَجُلًا دَاهِيًا قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ رُوَاتُهُ مِنْ ثِقَاتِ الْكُوفِيِّينَ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ وَقَدْ  

[Machine] Ali was sitting by the olive trees, so I asked him, "By my father and mother, what did Abu Bakr and Umar do in regards to your rights as the people of the household when it comes to the fifth?". Ali replied, "As for Abu Bakr, may Allah have mercy on him, he did not collect the fifth during his time, and he fulfilled what he owed us. As for Umar, he continuously gave it to us until the wealth of Saws and Ahwaz came to him, or he said Ahwaz, or he said Fars." Shafi'i said, "I doubt." He said in the hadith of Matr or the other hadith, "He said in the Muslims, Khalah. So if you wish, I will leave your right and I will put it with the Muslims until the wealth comes to me and I will fulfill your right from that." Abbas said to Ali, "Do not expect him to fulfill our right." So I said to him, "O Abu Al-Fadl, aren't we more deserving of a response from the Commander of the Faithful and for him to lift the burden of the Muslims?" Umar passed away before the wealth came to him to distribute it, and the judge said in the hadith of Matr and the other hadith, "Umar said to you, 'You have a right, and my knowledge does not suffice when it becomes abundant for you to have it all. If you wish, I will give you from it according to what I see for you." So we disputed with him, except that he refused to give us all of it. Shafi'i said in what I have not heard from Abu Zakariya, and Az-Zuhri narrated from Ibn Abbas something close to this meaning, and he mentioned it in the past from the hadith of Yunus from Az-Zuhri.  

عَلِيًّا ؓ عِنْدَ أَحْجَارِ الزَّيْتِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ بِأَبِي وَأُمِّي مَا فَعَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ ؓ فِي حَقِّكُمْ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ مِنَ الْخُمُسِ؟ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ؓ أَمَّا أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ فَلَمْ يَكُنْ فِي زَمَانِهِ أَخْمَاسٌ وَمَا كَانَ فَقَدْ أَوْفَانَاهُ وَأَمَّا عُمَرُ ؓ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يُعْطِينَاهُ حَتَّى جَاءَهُ مَالُ السُّوسِ وَالْأَهْوَازِ أَوْ قَالَ الْأَهْوَازِ أَوْ قَالَ فَارِسَ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ أَنَا أَشُكُّ فَقَالَ فِي حَدِيثِ مَطَرٍ أَوْ حَدِيثِ الْآخَرِ فَقَالَ فِي الْمُسْلِمِينَ خَلَّةٌ فَإِنْ أَحْبَبْتُمْ تَرَكْتُمْ حَقَّكُمْ فَجَعَلْنَاهُ فِي خَلَّةِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَنَا مَالٌ فَأُوَفِّيَكُمْ حَقَّكُمْ مِنْهُ فَقَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ ؓ لِعَلِيٍّ ؓ لَا تُطْمِعْهُ فِي حَقِّنَا فَقُلْتُ لَهُ يَا أَبَا الْفَضْلِ أَلَسْنَا أَحَقَّ مَنْ أَجَابَ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَرَفَعَ خَلَّةَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ؟ فَتُوُفِّيَ عُمَرُ ؓ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَأْتِيَهُ مَالٌ فَيَقْضِيَنَاهُ وَقَالَ الْحَكَمُ فِي حَدِيثِ مَطَرٍ وَالْآخَرِ أَنَّ عُمَرَ ؓ قَالَ لَكُمْ حَقٌّ وَلَا يَبْلُغُ عِلْمِي إِذَا كَثُرَ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَكُمْ كُلُّهُ فَإِنْ شِئْتُمْ أَعْطَيْتُكُمْ مِنْهُ بِقَدْرِ مَا أَرَى لَكُمْ فَأَبَيْنَا عَلَيْهِ إِلَّا كُلَّهُ فَأَبَى أَنْ يُعْطِيَنَا كُلَّهُ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ فِيمَا لَمْ أَسْمَعْهُ مِنْ أَبِي زَكَرِيَّا وَقَدْ رَوَى الزُّهْرِيُّ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ ؓ قَرِيبًا مِنْ هَذَا الْمَعْنَى وَذَكَرَهُ فِي الْقَدِيمِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ يُونُسَ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ  

Yazid ibn Hurmuz said that when Najdah al-Haruri performed hajj during the rule of Ibn az-Zubayr, he sent someone to Ibn Abbas to ask him about the portion of the relatives (in the fifth). He asked: For whom do you think? Ibn Abbas replied: For the relatives of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ divided it among them. Umar presented it to us but we found it less than our right. We, therefore returned it to him and refused to accept it. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2982)   

ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ لِقُرْبَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قَسَمَهُ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَقَدْ كَانَ عُمَرُ ؓ عَرَضَ عَلَيْنَا مِنْ ذَلِكَ عَرْضًا رَأَيْنَاهُ دُونَ حَقِّنَا فَرَدَدْنَاهُ عَلَيْهِ وَأَبَيْنَا أَنْ نَقْبَلَهُ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ الرُّوذْبَارِيِّ  

"Najdah wrote to Ibn 'Abbas and asked him about the share of the relatives (of the Messenger of Allah), to whom should it be given?" Yazid bin Hurmuz said:"I wrote down the letter of Ibn 'Abbas to Najdah in which he said; You have written asking me about the share of the relatives (of the Messenger of Allah), to whom should it be given? It is for us, the members of the household (Ahl Al-Bait). 'Umar used to offer to help the single among us (to get married), and to give some to our poor and to pay off the debts of our debtors. We insisted that he should given it to us, but he refused, and we left it at that." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4134)   

عَنْ سَهْمِ ذَوِي الْقُرْبَى لِمَنْ هُوَ؟ فَهُوَ لَنَا وَقَدْ كَانَ عُمَرُ ؓ دَعَانَا إِلَى أَنْ يُنْكِحَ مِنْهُ أَيِّمَنَا وَيُخْدِمَ مِنْهُ عَائِلَنَا وَيَقْضِيَ مِنْهُ عَنْ غَارِمِنَا فَأَبَيْنَا إِلَّا أَنْ يُسْلِمَهُ لَنَا وَأَبَى أَنْ يَفْعَلَ فَتَرَكْنَاهُ  

[Machine] About the slave and the woman who are present at the spoils, do they have any share of the spoils? He wrote asking him about the killing of children, so he said: "Write, O Yazid, if it were not for the ignorance that I do not want to act. I asked him about the relatives, who are they? So we claimed that we were them, but our people refused that upon us. And you wrote asking about the slave and the woman who are present at the spoils, they have nothing except that they should be given provisions. And you wrote asking about the children, indeed the Messenger of Allah ﷺ did not kill them, and you should not kill them unless you know from them what the companion of Musa knew about the boy. And you asked about the orphan when is his maturity fulfilled? His maturity is fulfilled when he reaches the age of discernment."  

عَنِ الْعَبْدِ وَالْمَرْأَةِ يَحْضُرَانِ الْمَغْنَمَ هَلْ لَهُمَا مِنَ الْمَغْنَمِ شَيْءٌ؟ وَكَتَبَ يَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ قَتْلِ الْوِلْدَانِ فَقَالَ اكْتُبْ يَا يَزِيدُ لَوْلَا أَنْ يَقَعَ فِي أُحْمُوقَةٍ مَا كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ سَأَلْتَ عَنْ ذِي الْقُرْبَى مَنْ هُمْ؟ فَزَعَمْنَا أَنَّا نَحْنُ هُمْ فَأَبَى ذَلِكَ عَلَيْنَا قَوْمُنَا وَكَتَبْتَ تَسْأَلُ عَنِ الْعَبْدِ وَالْمَرْأَةِ يَحْضُرَانِ الْمَغْنَمَ لَيْسَ لَهُمَا شَيْءٌ إِلَّا أَنْ يُحْذَيَا وَكَتَبْتَ تَسْأَلُ عَنِ الْوِلْدَانِ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ لَمْ يَقْتُلْهُمْ وَأَنْتَ لَا تَقْتُلْهُمْ إِلَّا أَنْ تَعْلَمَ مِنْهُمْ مَا عَلِمَ صَاحِبُ مُوسَى مِنَ الْغُلَامِ وَسَأَلْتَ عَنِ الْيَتِيمِ مَتَى يَنْقَضِي يُتْمُهُ وَيَنْقَضِي يُتْمُهُ إِذَا أُونِسَ مِنْهُ الرُّشْدُ  

[Machine] I heard Umar ibn Al-Khattab saying, "The wealth of Banu Nadir was among what Allah bestowed upon His Messenger, without the Muslims having fought for it with horses or camels. So it belonged exclusively to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He used to spend from it on his family for a year, and whatever remained, he would put it in storage for equipment and weapons in the path of Allah."  

سَمِعْتُ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ يَقُولُ إِنَّ أَمْوَالَ بَنِي النَّضِيرِ كَانَتْ مِمَّا أَفَاءَ اللهُ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ مِمَّا لَمْ يُوجِفِ الْمُسْلِمُونَ عَلَيْهِ بِخَيْلٍ وَلَا رِكَابٍ فَكَانَتْ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ خَالِصَةً فَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يُنْفِقُ عَلَى أَهْلِهِ مِنْهُ نَفَقَةَ سَنَةٍ وَمَا بَقِيَ جَعَلَهُ فِي الْكُرَاعِ وَالسِّلَاحِ عُدَّةً فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to receive provisions, and he would distribute them among the families, giving two shares to the families and one share to the bachelors. It was narrated to us by Abu Ali Al-Ruzbary, I am Muhammad ibn Bakr, narrated by Abu Dawud, narrated by Ibn Al-Musaffa, narrated by Abu Al-Mughira, from Safwan ibn Amr, mentioning it in a similar manner, except that he said: "He also gave one share to the bachelors." So we were invited and I was called before Ammar, and I was given two shares. I had a family, and after me, Ammar ibn Yaser was called and he was given one share.  

كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا جَاءَهُ فَيْءٌ قَسَمَهُ مِنْ يَوْمِهِ فَأَعْطَى ذَا الْأَهْلِ حَظَّيْنِ وَأَعْطَى الْعَزَبَ حَظًّا 12970 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ أنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ ثنا ابْنُ الْمُصَفَّى ثنا أَبُو الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ عَمْرٍو فَذَكَرَهُ بِنَحْوِهِ غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ وَأَعْطَى الْأَعْزَبَ حَظًّا زَادَ فَدُعِينَا وَكُنْتُ أُدْعَى قَبْلَ عَمَّارٍ فَدُعِيتُ فَأَعْطَانِي حَظَّيْنِ وَكَانَ لِي أَهْلٌ ثُمَّ دُعِيَ بَعْدِي عَمَّارُ بْنُ يَاسِرٍ فَأُعْطِيَ حَظًّا وَاحِدًا  

[Machine] After that, we will divide this money among those whom Allah has bestowed with justice, except for these two individuals with leprosy and jaundice, they have no rights to it. Abu Hudayr al-Ajdamī stood up and said, "I swear to you by Allah, O Umar, regarding justice." Umar replied, "Justice means that I want to make a group of people who spend in the day, strive in their goals, and work in the lands, just like the settled people in their own lands. If migration was to Sana'a or Aden, not a single individual with leprosy or jaundice would have migrated there." Abu Hudayr stood up and said, "Allah has assigned us from His lands wherever He wishes, and He has brought migration to us in our lands, so we accepted it and supported it. Does this mean that our rights will be cut off, O Umar?" Then he said to you, "Your right is with the Muslims." Then he distributed and gave half a dinar to the man. If a man had his wife with him, he would give him a whole dinar. Then he called Ibn Qatūra, the owner of the land, and said, "Tell me what is sufficient for a man's provisions per month and per day." He brought dates and measured them and said, "This is sufficient for him for a month, and a portion of oil and a portion of vinegar." Umar then commanded, "Give them two measures of wheat. We ground it, kneaded it, and baked it. Then we added two portions of oil to it. Then he sat down with thirty men and it was enough to satisfy their hunger. Then Umar took the dates in his right hand and the vinegar in his left hand and said, "O Allah, no one is allowed to diminish these after me, O Allah. So whoever diminishes it, let him diminish from his life."  

أَمَّا بَعْدُ فإِنَّ هَذَا الْمَالَ نَقْسِمُهُ عَلَى مَنْ أَفَاءَ اللهُ عَلَيْهِ بِالْعَدْلِ إِلَّا هَذَيْنِ الْحَيَّيْنِ مِنْ لَخْمٍ وَجُذَامٍ فَلَا حَقَّ لَهُمْ فِيهِ فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ أَبُو حُدَيْرٍ الْأَجْذَمِيُّ فَقَالَ أَنْشُدُكَ اللهَ يَا عُمَرُ فِي الْعَدْلِ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ الْعَدْلَ أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَجْعَلَ أَقْوَامًا مَا أَنْفَقُوا فِي الظَّهْرِ وَشَدُّوا الْغَرَضَ وَسَاحُوا فِي الْبِلَادِ مِثْلَ قَوْمٍ مُقِيمِينَ فِي بِلَادِهِمْ وَلَوْ أَنَّ الْهِجْرَةَ كَانَتْ بِصَنْعَاءَ أَوْ بِعَدَنَ مَا هَاجَرَ إِلَيْهَا مِنْ لَخْمٍ وَلَا جُذَامٍ أَحَدٌ فَقَامَ أَبُو حُدَيْرٍ فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ وَضَعَنَا مِنْ بِلَادِهِ حَيْثُ يَشَاءُ وَسَاقَ إِلَيْنَا الْهِجْرَةَ فِي بِلَادِنَا فَقَبِلْنَاهَا وَنَصَرْنَاهَا أَفَذَلِكَ يَقْطَعُ حَقَّنَا يَا عُمَرُ؟ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَكُمْ حَقُّكُمْ مَعَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ ثُمَّ قَسَمَ فَكَانَ لِلرَّجُلِ نِصْفُ دِينَارٍ فَإِذَا كَانَتْ مَعَهُ امْرَأَتُهُ أَعْطَاهُ دِينَارًا ثُمَّ دَعَا ابْنَ قَاطُورَا صَاحِبَ الْأَرْضِ فَقَالَ أَخْبِرْنِي مَا يَكْفِي الرَّجُلَ مِنَ الْقُوتِ فِي الشَّهْرِ وَالْيَوْمِ فَأَتَى بِالْمُدْيِ وَالْقِسْطِ فَقَالَ يَكْفِيهِ هَذَا؛ الْمُدْيَانِ فِي الشَّهْرِ وَقِسْطُ زَيْتٍ وَقِسْطُ خَلٍّ فَأَمَرَ عُمَرُ ؓ بِمُدْيَيْنِ مِنْ قَمْحٍ فَطُحِنَا ثُمَّ عُجِنَا ثُمَّ خُبِزَا ثُمَّ أَدَمَهُمَا بِقِسْطَيْنِ زَيْتًا ثُمَّ أَجْلَسَ عَلَيْهِمَا ثَلَاثِينَ رَجُلًا فَكَانَ كَفَافَ شِبْعِهِمْ ثُمَّ أَخَذَ عُمَرُ الْمُدْيَ بِيَمِينِهِ وَالْقِسْطَ بِيَسَارِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ اللهُمَّ لَا أُحِلُّ لِأَحَدٍ أَنْ يُنْقِصَهُمَا بَعْدِي اللهُمَّ فَمَنْ نَقَصَهُمَا فَانْقُصْ مِنْ عُمْرِهِ  

Malik ibn Aws ibn al-Hadthan said: One day Umar ibn al-Khattab mentioned the spoils of war and said: I am not more entitled to this spoil of war than you; and none of us is more entitled to it than another, except that we occupy our positions fixed by the Book of Allah, Who is Great and Glorious, and the division made by the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, people being arranged according to their precedence in accepting Islam, the hardship they have endured their having children and their need. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2950)   

مَا أَنَا أَحَقُّ بِهَذَا الْفَيْءِ مِنْكُمْ وَمَا أَحَدٌ مِنَّا بِأَحَقَّ بِهِ مِنْ أَحَدٍ إِلَّا أَنَّا عَلَى مَنَازِلِنَا مِنْ كِتَابِ اللهِ وَقِسْمَةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَالرَّجُلُ وَقِدَمُهُ وَالرَّجُلُ وَبَلَاؤُهُ وَالرَّجُلُ وَعِيَالُهُ وَالرَّجُلُ وَحَاجَتُهُ  

[Machine] Umar asked, "How much do you think a man's giving is sufficient for him?" He replied, "I said such and such." Umar said, "If I remain alive, I will make the giving of a man four thousand; a thousand for his weapon, a thousand for his expenses, a thousand to leave for his family, and a thousand for such and such." He said this for his horse.  

قَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ كَمْ تَرَى الرَّجُلَ يَكْفِيهِ مِنْ عَطَائِهِ؟ قَالَ قُلْتُ كَذَا وَكَذَا قَالَ لَئِنْ بَقِيتُ لَأَجْعَلَنَّ عَطَاءَ الرَّجُلِ أَرْبَعَةَ آلَافٍ؛ أَلْفٌ لِسِلَاحِهِ وَأَلْفٌ لِنَفَقَتِهِ وَأَلْفٌ يُخَلِّفُهَا فِي أَهْلِهِ وَأَلْفٌ لِكَذَا أَحْسِبُهُ قَالَ لِفَرَسِهِ  

[Machine] That Umar used to provide for the slaves, slave women, and horses.  

أَنَّ عُمَرَ ؓ كَانَ يَرْزُقُ الْعَبِيدَ وَالْإِمَاءَ وَالْخَيْلَ  

[Machine] Omar used to impose on the young boy when he started  

أَنَّ عُمَرَ ؓ كَانَ يَفْرِضُ لِلصَّبِيِّ إِذَا اسْتَهَلَّ  

[Machine] If he asks for it, he deserves to be given and provided for.  

إِذَا اسْتَهَلَّ وَجَبَ عَطَاؤُهُ وَرِزْقُهُ  

[Machine] That her father took her to Ali, and he gave her in charity while she was young. Ali said, "What right does a child who eats food and bites from a piece have over this charity compared to a newborn who suckles milk?" These narrations, along with others that have been mentioned on this subject, imply that it was obligatory to the extent of sufficiency for a man, his family, his children, his servants, and his animals. And Allah knows best.  

أَنَّ أَبَاهَا انْطَلَقَ بِهَا إِلَى عَلِيٍّ ؓ فَفَرَضَ لَهَا فِي الْعَطَاءِ وَهِيَ صَغِيرَةٌ وَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ؓ مَا الصَّبِيُّ الَّذِي أَكَلَ الطَّعَامَ وَعَضَّ عَلَى الْكَسْرَةِ بِأَحَقَّ بِهَذَا الْعَطَاءِ مِنَ الْمَوْلُودِ الَّذِي يَمُصُّ الثَّدْيَ وَهَذِهِ الْآثَارُ مَعَ سَائِرِ مَا رُوِيَ فِي هَذَا الْمَعْنَى مَحْمُولَةٌ عَلَى أَنَّهُ كَانَ يُفْرَضُ لِلرَّجُلِ قَدْرَ كِفَايَتِهِ وَكِفَايَةِ أَهْلِهِ وَوَلَدِهِ وَعَبْدِهِ وَدَابَّتِهِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ  

[Machine] Everyone has a right to receive or be denied a share of this wealth, except what your own hands possess. This is the known practice during Umar's time.  

مَا أَحَدٌ إِلَّا وَلَهُ فِي هَذَا الْمَالِ حَقٌّ أُعْطِيَهُ أَوْ مُنِعَهُ إِلَّا مَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ هَذَا هُوَ الْمَعْرُوفُ عَنْ عُمَرَ ؓ  

[Machine] That three slaves witnessed the Battle of Badr, so Umar gave each of them three thousand every year. This may signify that Umar honored them for their participation in the Battle of Badr, or it may mean that he gave them after they were freed. Allah knows best. Ibn al-Mubarak narrated it from Sufyan ibn 'Uyaynah through his chain. Ghifar added to it with a narration from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . 12980 Abu Nasr ibn Qatadah informed us, Abu al-Fadl ibn Khameerawayhi informed us, Ahmad ibn Najdah informed us, Al-Hasan ibn al-Rabee' informed us, Abdullah ibn al-Mubarak informed us, from Sufyan ibn 'Uyaynah, and he mentioned it. Sufyan ibn 'Uyaynah said, "I see it means after they were freed."  

أَنَّ ثَلَاثَةَ مَمْلُوكِينَ شَهِدُوا بَدْرًا فَكَانَ عُمَرُ ؓ يُعْطِي كُلَّ رَجُلٍ مِنْهُمْ كُلَّ سَنَةٍ ثَلَاثَةَ آلَافٍ ثَلَاثَةَ آلَافٍ فَهَذَا يَحْتَمِلُ أَنْ يَكُونَ خَصَّهُمْ بِذَلِكَ لِشَرَفِهِمْ بِشُهُودِهِمْ بَدْرًا وَيَحْتَمِلُ أَنْ يَكُونَ يُعْطِيهِمْ بَعْدَمَا عُتِقُوا وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ وَرَوَاهُ ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ عُيَيْنَةَ بِإِسْنَادِهِ زَادَ فِيهِ مِنْ غِفَارَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ 12980 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو نَصْرِ بْنُ قَتَادَةَ أنا أَبُو الْفَضْلِ بْنُ خَمِيرَوَيْهِ أنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ نَجْدَةَ ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ عُيَيْنَةَ فَذَكَرَهُ قَالَ سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ أُرَاهُ بَعْدَمَا عُتِقُوا  

[Machine] That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was given a deer of Khars and he distributed it between the free woman and the slave woman like this.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أُتِيَ بِظَبْيَةِ خَرَزٍ فَقَسَمَهَا لِلْحُرَّةِ وَالْأَمَةِ كَذَا  

The Prophet ﷺ was brought a pouch containing bead and divided it among free women and slave women. Aisha said: My father used to divide things between free men and slave. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2952)   

عَنْ عَائِشَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَتْ أَتَانِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِظَبْيَةِ خَرَزٍ فَقَسَمْتُهَا لِلْحُرَّةِ وَالْأَمَةِ قَالَتْ وَكَانَ أَبِي يَقْسِمُ لِلْحُرِّ وَالْعَبْدِ  

[Machine] Abu Bakr's first year, he distributed money equally among the people, giving each person ten dirhams. In the second year, he gave them twenty dirhams each, with some extra dirhams remaining. Then he addressed the people, saying, "O people, this extra money is a favor from me to you. You have servants who take care of your needs and work for you. If you agree, I can give them some of this money." They agreed, so he gave each of the servants five dirhams. It is mentioned in this narration that the money he allocated for the servants was done with the permission of their masters, so it is as if their masters gave it to them. And Allah knows best.  

وَلِيَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ السَّنَةَ الْأُولَى فَقَسَمَ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ بِالسَّوِيَّةِ فَأَصَابَ كُلَّ إِنْسَانِ عَشْرَةُ دَرَاهِمَ ثُمَّ قَسَمَ السَّنَةَ الثَّانِيَةَ فَأَصَابَهُمْ عِشْرُونَ دِرْهَمًا وَفَضَلَتْ عِنْدَهُ دُرَيْهِمَاتٌ فَخَطَبَ النَّاسَ فَقَالَ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّهُ فَضَلَ مِنْ هَذَا الْمَالِ دُرَيْهَمَاتٌ وَلَكُمْ خَدَمٌ يُعَالِجُونَ لَكُمْ وَيَعْمَلُونَ أَعْمَالَكُمْ فَإِنْ شِئْتُمْ رَضَخْنَا لَهُمْ فَقَالُوا افْعَلْ فَأَعْطَاهُمْ خَمْسَةَ دَرَاهِمَ لِكُلِّ إِنْسَانٍ فِي هَذِهِ الرِّوَايَةِ إِنْ صَحَّتْ بَيَانُ الْوَجْهِ الَّذِي قَسَمَ لِأَجْلِهِ لِلْعَبِيدِ وَأَنَّ ذَلِكَ كَانَ رَضْخًا بِإِذْنِ سَادَاتِهِمْ فَكَأَنَّهُ أَعْطَاهُ سَادَاتِهِمْ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ  

[Machine] Two thousand.  

أَلْفَيْنِ  

[Machine] They will give their masters their sufficiency and the sufficiency of their servants who cannot do without them, and Allah knows best. And He gave Zaid's slave the assistance that came from him, and success is from Allah.  

يَكُونَا يُعْطِيَانَ سَادَاتِهِمْ كِفَايَاتِهِمْ وَكِفَايَاتِ أَرِقَّائِهِمُ الَّذِينَ لَا يَسْتَغْنُونَ عَنْهُمْ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ وَأَعْطَى مَمْلُوكَ زَيْدٍ بِالْمَعُونَةِ الَّتِي كَانَتْ مِنْهُ وَبِاللهِ التَّوْفِيقُ