[Machine] That the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , when he met the people at Badr, distributed among them the spoils of war. Then he mentioned the hadith about the descent of the verse and the division among them, and that had been mentioned earlier in this book. Al-Shafi'i said, "Some scholars say that when the Imam sends a secret mission or an army and he asks them before the encounter who has acquired anything, it belongs to him after the fifth. This is because they fought for it, agreed to it, and went for it based on this condition." It has been reported that the Prophet, ﷺ , said on the day of Badr, "Whoever takes something, it belongs to him," and that was before the descent of the fifth. And Allah knows best, and I have not known anything that can be established with regard to the Prophet, ﷺ , on this matter. The sheikh who narrated in this mentioned what he mentioned, and it has also been narrated from Ibn Abbas, which does not contradict it in wording.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ حِينَ الْتَقَى النَّاسُ بِبَدْرٍ نَفَّلَ كُلَّ امْرِئٍ مَا أَصَابَ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ فِي نُزُولِ الْآيَةِ وَالْقِسْمَةَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَقَدْ مَضَى ذَلِكَ فِي أَوَّلِ هَذَا الْكِتَابِ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ قَالَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ إِذَا بَعَثَ الْإِمَامُ سَرِيَّةً وَجَيْشًا فَقَالَ لَهُمْ قَبْلَ اللِّقَاءِ مَنْ غَنِمَ شَيْئًا فَهُوَ لَهُ بَعْدَ الْخُمُسِ فَذَلِكَ لَهُمْ عَلَى بَعْضِ مَا شَرَطَ؛ لِأَنَّهُمْ عَلَى ذَلِكَ غَزَوْا وَبِهِ رَضُوا وَذَهَبُوا فِي هَذَا إِلَى أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ مَنْ أَخَذَ شَيْئًا فَهُوَ لَهُ وَذَلِكَ قَبْلَ نُزُولِ الْخُمُسِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ وَلَمْ أَعْلَمْ شَيْئًا يَثْبُتُ عِنْدَنَا عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ بِهَذَا قَالَ الشَّيْخُ الَّذِي رُوِيَ فِي هَذَا مَا ذَكَرَهُ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ مَا يُخَالِفُهُ فِي لَفْظِهِ  

[Machine] The Prophet of Allah ﷺ said, on the day of Badr, whoever does such and such, and comes to such and such place, then he shall have such and such reward. The young men rushed towards him, and the elders stood firmly by the standards. When they were given what was allotted to them, the young men came seeking what was assigned to them. The elders said, "Do not take it before us, for we were your protection." So Allah revealed, "{They ask you, [O Muhammad], about the bounties [of war]. Say, "The [decision concerning] bounties is for Allah and the Messenger." So fear Allah and amend that which is between you.}" [Surah Al-Anfal, verse 1]  

قَالَ نَبِيُّ اللهِ ﷺ يَعْنِي يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ مَنْ فَعَلَ كَذَا وَكَذَا وَأَتَى مَكَانَ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَلَهُ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَتَسَارَعَ إِلَيْهِ الشُّبَّانُ وَثَبَتَ الشِّيُوخُ عِنْدَ الرَّايَاتِ فَلَمَّا فُتِحَ لَهُمْ جَاءَ الشَّبَابُ يَطْلُبُونَ مَا جَعَلَ لَهُمْ وَقَالَ الْأَشْيَاخُ لَا تَذْهَبُوا بِهِ دُونَنَا؛ فَقَدْ كُنَّا رِدْءًا لَكُمْ فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ ﷻ {يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الْأَنْفَالِ قُلِ الْأَنْفَالُ لِلَّهِ وَالرَّسُولِ فَاتَّقُوا اللهَ وَأَصْلِحُوا ذَاتَ بَيْنِكُمْ} [الأنفال 1]  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said on the day of Badr: "Whoever kills a person, he will have such and such, and whoever takes a captive, he will have such and such." Then, he continued speaking, and this is contrary to the first in the conditionality, and we have narrated about the spoils of Badr that it happened before the revelation of the fifth, then the verse was revealed: "And know that anything you obtain of war booty - then indeed, for Allah is one fifth of it" (Quran 8:41), so the matter was changed to that. And with Allah is the success.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ مَنْ قَتَلَ قَتِيلًا فَلَهُ كَذَا وَكَذَا وَمَنْ أَسَرَ أَسِيرًا فَلَهُ كَذَا وَكَذَا قَالَ ثُمَّ سَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ وَهَذَا بِخِلَافِ الْأَوَّلِ فِي كَيْفِيَّةِ الشَّرْطِيَّةِ وَقَدْ رُوِّينَا فِي غَنِيمَةِ بَدْرٍ أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ قَبْلَ نُزُولِ الْخُمُسِ ثُمَّ نَزَلَ قَوْلُهُ {وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّمَا غَنِمْتُمْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ فَأَنَّ لِلَّهِ خُمُسَهُ} [الأنفال 41] الْآيَةَ فَصَارَ الْأَمْرُ إِلَيْهِ وَبِاللهِ التَّوْفِيقُ  

[Machine] When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ arrived in Medina, he sent us in a group and mentioned the incident in which he said that the booty at that time belonged to the one who took it. Then he mentioned the incident of sending Abdullah ibn Jahsh al-Asadi as a leader, who was the first commander appointed in Islam. This indicates that it happened before the revelation of the verse regarding war spoils and booty.  

لَمَّا قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ بَعَثَنَا فِي رَكْبٍ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ وَفِيهِ قَالَ وَكَانَ الْفَيْءُ إِذْ ذَاكَ مَنْ أَخَذَ شَيْئًا فَهُوَ لَهُ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ فِي بَعْثِهِ عَلَيْهِمْ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ جَحْشٍ الْأَسَدِيَّ قَالَ وَكَانَ أَوَّلَ أَمِيرٍ أُمِّرَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ وَفِي هَذَا دَلَالَةٌ عَلَى أَنَّ ذَلِكَ كَانَ قَبْلَ نُزُولِ الْآيَةِ فِي الْغَنِيمَةِ وَالْفَيْءِ