37. Division of War Booty

٣٧۔ كِتَابُ قَسْمِ الْفَيْءِ وَالْغَنِيمَةِ

37.59 [Machine] What was not obtained by horses or vehicles, and whoever chose to be an advocate for the Muslims, as Umar ibn al-Khattab did in the land of Iraq and elsewhere, either if it was a fay' then he left it as a waqf, or if it was spoils of war then he distributed it among those who fought for it as the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , did with the captives of Hawazin until they were released.

٣٧۔٥٩ بَابُ مَا لَمْ يُوجَفْ عَلَيْهِ بِخَيْلٍ وَلَا رِكَابٍ، وَمَنِ اخْتَارَ أَنْ يَكُونَ وَقْفًا لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ كَمَا فَعَلَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ بِأَرْضِ الْعِرَاقِ وَغَيْرِهَا، إِمَّا بِأَنْ كَانَتْ فَيْئًا فَتَرَكَهَا وَقْفًا , وَإِمَّا بِأَنْ كَانَتْ غَنِيمَةً فَاسْتَطَابَ أَنْفُسَ مَنْ كَانَ ظَهَرَ عَلَيْهَا كَمَا اسْتَطَابَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْفُسَ أَهْلِ سَبْيِ هَوْازِنَ حَتَّى تَرَكُوا حُقُوقَهُمْ

bayhaqi:13043Abū Saʿīd b. Abū ʿAmr > Abū al-ʿAbbās Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb > al-Ḥasan b. ʿAlī b. ʿAffān > Yaḥyá b. Ādam > Ibn al-Mubārak > Ismāʿīl b. Abū Khālid > Qays b. Abū Ḥāzim > ʿUmar Aʿṭá

[Machine] "Omar gave a quarter of the black robe as a gift, so they took it for years. Then Jarir went to Omar and said, 'If I were not a responsible sharer, you would have had what was divided for you. I see that you should return it, so return it and I will compensate you with eighty dinars."  

البيهقي:١٣٠٤٣أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَفَّانَ ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ آدَمَ ثنا ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي خَالِدٍ عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ أَبِي حَازِمٍ

أَنَّ عُمَرَ ؓ أَعْطَى بَجِيلَةَ رُبْعَ السَّوَادِ فَأَخَذُوهُ سِنِينَ ثُمَّ وَفَدَ جَرِيرٌ ؓ إِلَى عُمَرَ ؓ فَقَالَ لَوْلَا أَنِّي قَاسِمٌ مَسْؤُولٌ لَكُنْتُمْ عَلَى مَا قُسِمَ لَكُمْ فَأَرَى أَنْ تَرُدَّهُ فَرَدَّهُ وَأَجَازَهُ بِثَمَانِينَ دِينَارًا  

bayhaqi:13044Abū ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥāfiẓ > Abū al-Ḥasan Aḥmad b. Muḥammad b. ʿUbdūs al-ʿAnazī > ʿUthmān b. Saʿīd al-Dārimī > Yaḥyá b. Bukayr And ʿAbd Allāh b. Ṣāliḥ al-Miṣriyyān > Layth b. Saʿd Ḥaddathahumā > ʿUqayl > Ibn Shihāb > Zaʿam ʿUrwah > Marwān b. al-Ḥakam Wa-al-Miswar b. Makhramah Akhbarāh

Marwan and Al Miswar bin Makhramah told that when the deputation of the Hawazin came to the Muslims and asked the Apostle of Allaah ﷺ to return to them their property, the Apostle of Allaah ﷺ said to them “with me are those whom you see”. The speech dearest to me is the one which is true, so choose (one of the two) either the captives or the property. They said “We choose our captives. The Apostle of Allaah ﷺ stood up, extolled Allaah and then said “To proceed, your brethren have come repentant I have considered that I should return their captives to them, so let those of you who are willing to release the captives act accordingly, but those who wish to hold on to what they have till we give them some of the first booty Allaah gives us may do so. The people said “We are willing for that (to release their captives), Apostle of Allaah. The Apostle of Allaah ﷺ said “We cannot distinguish between those of you who have granted that and those who have not , so return till your headmen may tell us about your affair. The people then returned and their headmen spoke to them, then they informed that they were agreeable and had given their permission. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2693)   

البيهقي:١٣٠٤٤أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أنا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُبْدُوسٍ الْعَنَزِيُّ ثنا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الدَّارِمِيُّ ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ وَعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ صَالِحٍ الْمِصْرِيَّانِ أَنَّ لَيْثَ بْنَ سَعْدٍ حَدَّثَهُمَا قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي عُقَيْلٌ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ قَالَ زَعَمَ عُرْوَةُ أَنَّ مَرْوَانَ بْنَ الْحَكَمِ وَالْمِسْوَرَ بْنَ مَخْرَمَةَ أَخْبَرَاهُ

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَامَ حِينَ جَاءَهُ وَفْدُ هَوَازِنَ مُسْلِمِينَ فَسَأَلُوهُ أَنْ يَرُدَّ إِلَيْهِمْ أَمْوَالَهُمْ وَنِسَائَهَمْ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَعِي مَنْ تَرَوْنَ وَأَحَبُّ الْحَدِيثِ إِلِيَّ أَصْدَقُهُ فَاخْتَارُوا إِحْدَى الطَّائِفَتَيْنِ إِمَّا السَّبْيَ وَإِمَّا الْمَالَ وَقَدْ كُنْتُ اسْتَأْنَيْتُ بِهِمْ وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ انْتَظَرَهُمْ بِضْعَ عَشْرَةَ لَيْلَةً حِينَ قَفَلَ مِنَ الطَّائِفِ فَلَمَّا تَبَيَّنَ لَهُمْ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ غَيْرُ رَادٍّ إِلَيْهِمْ إِلَّا إِحْدَى الطَّائِفَتَيْنِ قَالُوا فَإِنَّا نَخْتَارُ سَبْيَنَا فَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَأَثْنَى عَلَى اللهِ بِمَا هُوَ أَهْلُهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنَّ إِخْوَانَكُمْ هَؤُلَاءِ قَدْ جَاءُونَا تَائِبِينَ وَإِنِّي قَدْ رَأَيْتُ أَنَّ أَرُدَّ إِلَيْهِمْ سَبْيَهُمْ فَمَنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يُطَيِّبَ ذَلِكَ فَلْيَفْعَلْ وَمَنْ أَحَبَّ مِنْكُمْ أَنْ يَكُونَ عَلَى حَظِّهِ حَتَّى نُعْطِيَهُ إِيَّاهُ مِنْ أَوَّلِ مَا يَفِيءُ اللهُ عَلَيْنَا فَلْيَفْعَلْ فَقَالَ النَّاسُ قَدْ طَيَّبْنَا ذَلِكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ لَهُمْ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّا لَا نَدْرِي مَنْ أَذِنَ مِنْكُمْ فِي ذَلِكَ مِمَنْ لَمْ يَأْذَنْ فَارْجِعُوا حَتَّى يَرْفَعَ إِلَيْنَا عُرَفَاؤُكُمْ أَمْرَكُمْ فَرَجَعَ النَّاسُ فَكَلَّمَهُمْ عُرَفَاؤُهُمْ ثُمَّ رَجَعُوا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَخْبَرُوهُ بِأَنَّهُمْ قَدْ طَيَّبُوا وَأَذِنُوا فَهَذَا الَّذِي بَلَغَنَا عَنْ سَبْيِ هَوَازِنَ  

رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ