While I was standing in the row on the day (of the battle) of Badr, I looked to my right and my left and saw two young Ansari boys, and I wished I had been stronger than they. One of them called my attention saying, "O Uncle! Do you know Abu Jahl?" I said, "Yes, What do you want from him, O my nephew?" He said, "I have been informed that he abuses Messenger of Allah ﷺ. By Him in Whose Hands my life is, if I should see him, then my body will not leave his body till either of us meet his fate." I was astonished at that talk. Then the other boy called my attention saying the same as the other had said. After a while I saw Abu Jahl walking amongst the people. I said (to the boys), "Look! This is the man you asked me about." So, both of them attacked him with their swords and struck him to death and returned to Allah'S Apostle to inform him of that. Messenger of Allah ﷺ asked, "Which of you has killed him?" Each of them said, "I Have killed him." Messenger of Allah ﷺ asked, "Have you cleaned your swords?" They said, "No. " He then looked at their swords and said, "No doubt, you both have killed him and the spoils of the deceased will be given to Muʿadh bin ʿAmr bin Al-Jamuh." The two boys were Muʿadh bin 'Afra and Muʿadh bin ʿAmr bin Al-Jamuh. (Using translation from Bukhārī 3141)   

وَعَنْ شِمَالِي فَإِذَا أَنَا بَيْنَ غُلَامَيْنِ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ حَدِيثَةٌ أَسْنَانُهُمْ تَمَنَّيْتُ أَنْ أَكُونَ بَيْنَ أَضْلَعَ مِنْهُمَا فَغَمَزَنِي أَحَدُهُمَا فَقَالَ يَا عَمَّاهُ هَلْ تَعْرِفُ أَبَا جَهْلٍ؟ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ وَمَا حَاجَتُكَ إِلَيْهِ يَا ابْنَ أَخِي؟ قَالَ أُخْبِرْتُ أَنَّهُ يَسُبُّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَئِنْ رَأَيْتُهُ لَا يُفَارِقُ سَوَادِي سَوَادَهُ حَتَّى يَمُوتَ الْأَعْجَلُ مِنَّا وَتَعَجَّبْتُ لِذَلِكَ فَغَمَزَنِي الْآخَرُ فَقَالَ لِي مِثْلَهَا فَلَمْ أَنْشَبْ أَنْ نَظَرْتُ إِلَى أَبِي جَهْلٍ يَدُورُ فِي النَّاسِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُمَا أَلَا إِنَّ هَذَا صَاحِبُكُمَا الَّذِي تَسْأَلَانِ عَنْهُ فَابْتَدَرَاهُ بِسَيْفَيْهِمَا فَضَرَبَاهُ حَتَّى قَتَلَاهُ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَخْبَرَاهُ فَقَالَ أَيُّكُمَا قَتَلَهُ؟ فَقَالَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا أَنَا قَتَلْتُهُ فَقَالَ هَلْ مَسَحْتُمَا سَيْفَيْكُمَا؟ قَالَا لَا فَنَظَرَ فِي السَّيْفَيْنِ فَقَالَ كِلَاكُمَا قَتَلَهُ وَقَضَى بِسَلَبِهِ لِمُعَاذِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْجَمُوحِ وَكَانَا مُعَاذَ ابْنَ عَفْرَاءَ وَمُعَاذَ بْنَ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْجَمُوحِ 12760 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ ثنا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ وَإِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ قُتَيْبَةَ قَالَا ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى أنا يُوسُفُ بْنُ الْمَاجِشُونِ فَذَكَرَهُ  

Abu Qatadah said “We went out with the Apostle of Allaah ﷺ in the year of Hunain. And when the armies met, the Muslims suffered a reverse. I saw one of the polytheists prevailing over a Muslim, so I went round him till I came to him from behind and struck him with my sword at the vein between his neck and shoulder. He came towards me and closed with me, so that I felt death was near, but he was overtaken by death and let me go. I then caught upon on “Umar bin Al Khattab and said to him “What is the matter with the people?” He said “It is what Allaah has commanded. Then the people returned and the Apostle of Allaah ﷺsat down and said “If anyone kills a man and can prove it, he will get his spoil. I stood up and said “Who will testify for me? I then sat down.” He said again “If anyone kills a man and can prove it, he will get his spoil. I stood up and said “Who will testify for me? I then sat down.” He then said the same for the third time. I then stood up. The Apostle of Allaah ﷺ said “What is the matter with you, Abu Qatadah? I told him the story. A man from the people said “He has spoken the truth, and I have this spoil with me, so make him agreeable (to take something in exchange). Abu Bakr said “In that case I swear by Allaah that he must not do so. One of the Allaah’s heroes does not fight for Allaah and his Apostle and then give you his spoil. The Apostle of Allaah ﷺ said “He has spoken the truth, hand it over to him. Abu Qatadah said “he handed it over to me, I sold the coat of mail and brought a garden among Banu Salamh. This was the first property I acquired in the Islamic period. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2717)   

خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ عَامَ حُنَيْنٍ فَلَمَّا الْتَقَيْنَا كَانَتْ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ جَوْلَةٌ فَرَأَيْتُ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ قَدْ عَلَا رَجُلًا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ قَالَ فَاسْتَدَرْتُ لَهُ حَتَّى أَتَيْتُ مِنْ وَرَائِهِ فَضَرَبْتُهُ عَلَى حَبْلِ عَاتِقِهِ ضَرْبَةً فَأَقْبَلَ عَلَيَّ وَضَمَّنِي ضَمَّةً وَجَدْتُ مِنْهَا رِيحَ الْمَوْتِ ثُمَّ أَدْرَكَهُ الْمَوْتُ فَأَرْسَلَنِي فَلَحِقْتُ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ مَا بَالُ النَّاسِ؟ قَالَ أَمْرُ اللهِ ثُمَّ إِنَّ النَّاسَ رَجَعُوا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ قَتَلَ قَتِيلًا لَهُ عَلَيْهِ بَيِّنَةٌ فَلَهُ سَلَبُهُ فَقُمْتُ فَقُلْتُ مَنْ يَشْهَدُ لِي؟ ثُمَّ جَلَسْتُ فَقَالَهَا الثَّانِيَةَ فَقُمْتُ فَقُلْتُ مَنْ يَشْهَدُ لِي؟ ثُمَّ جَلَسْتُ فَقَالَهَا الثَّالِثَةَ فَقُمْتُ فِي الثَّالِثَةِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَا لَكَ يَا أَبَا قَتَادَةَ؟ فَاقْتَصَصْتُ عَلَيْهِ الْقِصَّةَ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ صَدَقَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ وَسَلَبُ ذَلِكَ الْقَتِيلِ عِنْدِي فَأَرْضِهِ مِنْهُ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ لَاهَا اللهِ إِذًا لَا يَعْمِدُ إِلَى أَسَدٍ مِنْ أُسْدِ اللهِ يُقَاتِلُ عَنِ اللهِ فَيُعْطِيكَ سَلَبَهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ صَدَقَ؛ فَأَعْطِهِ إِيَّاهُ قَالَ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ فَأَعْطَنِيهِ فَبِعْتُ الدِّرْعَ فَابْتَعْتُ بِهِ مَخْرَفًا فِي بَنِي سَلِمَةَ فَإِنَّهُ لَأَوَّلُ مَالٍ تَأَثَّلْتُهُ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ قَالَ مَالِكٌ الْمَخْرَفُ النَّخْلُ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ الشَّافِعِيِّ  

[Machine] On the day of Hunayn, the Hawazin tribe came with their women, children, camels, and sheep, and they formed rows. They outnumbered the Messenger of Allah ﷺ when the Muslims and the polytheists met. The Muslims turned their backs, as Allah had foretold. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "O servants of Allah, I am the slave of Allah and His Messenger. O Ansar, I am the slave of Allah and His Messenger." Allah gave victory to the Muslims without any swords or spears being used. The Prophet ﷺ said on that day, "Whoever kills a disbeliever shall have his spoils." Abu Talha killed twenty men that day and took their spoils. Abu Qatadah said to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , "O Messenger of Allah, I struck a man with a neck chain and he had a shield. I wanted to take his spoils but someone else claimed it. Please give it to me." A man said, "I took it from him, so it belongs to me. Give it to me." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ remained silent. He never refused anyone who asked him for something or remained silent when asked a question. Umar said, "By Allah, Allah will never give it to you over a lion from among His lions and give it to you." The Prophet ﷺ laughed and said, "Umar is right." Abu Talha met Umm Sulaim and she had a dagger with her. He asked her, "What is this with you?" She said, "If any of the polytheists approach me, I will stab him." Abu Talha informed the Prophet ﷺ about what Umm Sulaim said. Umm Sulaim said, "O Messenger of Allah, kill the free ones after us." The Prophet ﷺ said, "O Umm Sulaim, Allah has sufficed and done well." This is the last narration in the story of Umm Sulaim, and it is authentic according to its conditions.  

أَنَّ هَوَازِنَ جَاءَتْ يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ بِالنِّسَاءِ وَالصِّبْيَانِ وَالْإِبِلِ وَالْغَنَمِ فَجَعَلُوهُمْ صُفُوفًا؛ يُكْثِرُونَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَالْتَقَى الْمُسْلِمُونَ وَالْمُشْرِكُونَ فَوَلَّى الْمُسْلِمُونَ مُدْبِرِينَ كَمَا قَالَ اللهُ ﷻ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَا عِبَادَ اللهِ أَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ وَرَسُولُهُ يَا مَعْشَرَ الْأَنْصَارِ أَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ وَرَسُولُهُ فَهَزَمَ اللهُ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَلَمْ يُضْرَبْ بِسَيْفٍ وَلَمْ يُطْعَنْ بِرُمْحٍ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَوْمَئِذٍ مَنْ قَتَلَ كَافِرًا فَلَهُ سَلَبُهُ فَأَخَذَ وَفِي حَدِيثِ أَبِي دَاوُدَ فَقَتَلَ أَبُو طَلْحَةَ يَوْمَئِذٍ عِشْرِينَ رَجُلًا فَأَخَذَ أَسْلَابَهُمْ فَقَالَ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنِّي قَدْ ضَرَبْتُ رَجُلًا عَلَى حَبْلِ الْعَاتِقِ وَعَلَيْهِ دِرْعٌ عَجِلْتُ عَنْهُ أَنْ آخُذَ سَلَبَهُ فَانْظُرْ مَعَ مَنْ فَأَعْطِنِيهَا فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ أَنَا أَخَذْتُهَا فَأَرْضِهِ مِنْهَا وَأَعْطِنِيهَا فَسَكَتَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَكَانَ لَا يُسْأَلُ شَيْئًا إِلَّا أَعْطَاهُ أَوْ سَكَتَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ وَاللهِ لَا يُفِيئُهَا اللهُ تَعَالَى عَلَى أَسَدٍ مِنْ أُسْدِهِ وَيُعْطِيكَهَا فَضَحِكَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَقَالَ صَدَقَ عُمَرُ وَلَقِيَ أَبُو طَلْحَةَ أُمَّ سُلَيْمٍ وَمَعَهَا خِنْجَرٌ فَقَالَ يَا أُمَّ سُلَيْمٍ مَا هَذَا مَعَكِ؟ قَالَتْ إِنْ دَنَا مِنِّي رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ أَبْعَجُ بَطْنَهُ فَأَخْبَرَ بِذَلِكَ أَبُو طَلْحَةَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَتْ أُمُّ سُلَيْمٍ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ اقْتُلْ مَنْ بَعْدَنَا الطُّلَقَاءَ فَقَالَ يَا أُمَّ سُلَيْمٍ إِنَّ اللهَ قَدْ كَفَى وَأَحْسَنَ أَخْرَجَ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ آخِرَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ فِي قِصَّةِ أُمِّ سُلَيْمٍ وَهُوَ صَحِيحٌ عَلَى شَرْطِهِ  

“The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: ‘Whoever kills, the spoils are his.’” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 2838)   

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ قَتَلَ قَتِيلًا فَلَهُ سَلَبُهُ  

Ibn Salamah bin Al Akwa’ repoted on the authority of his father. A spy of the polytheists came to the Prophet ﷺ when he was on a journey. He sat near his Companions and then slipped away. The Prophet ﷺ said “look for him and kill him”. He said “I raced to him and killed him. I took his belongings which he (the Prophet) gave me. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2653)   

أَتَى رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ عَيْنٌ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَهُوَ فِي سَفَرٍ فَجَلَسَ فَتَحَدَّثَ عِنْدَ أَصْحَابِهِ ثُمَّ انْسَلَّ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ اطْلُبُوهُ فَاقْتُلُوهُ قَالَ فَسَبَقْتُهُمْ إِلَيْهِ فَقَتَلْتُهُ وَأَخَذْتُ سَلَبَهُ زَادَ الْبِرْتِيُّ فِي رِوَايَتِهِ فَنَفَّلَنِي إِيَّاهُ  

[Machine] We accompanied the Messenger of Allah ﷺ during the Hawazin expedition. While we were sacrificing our camels, most of us were on foot except for a few who were weak. Then a man entered riding a red camel and forcefully took a portion of the Prophet's camel's right flank. He tied his camel with it and went towards the people. When he saw their weakness, he released it and rode it. Then he galloped away and a man from the Muslims followed him on a swift female camel from among the ones the people had left behind. I prepared for battle and caught up with him. The head of the camel was next to the flank of the Prophet's camel. I proceeded until I grabbed the reins of the man's camel and made it kneel down. When its knee touched the ground, I unsheathed my sword and struck his neck, severing his head. Then I brought his mount while it was still alive and untied, and I led it. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ approached me, facing the people, and asked, "Who killed the man?" They said, "Ibn Al-Akwa". The Prophet said to him, "All of the participants in the spoils agree on it."  

غَزَوْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ هَوَازِنَ فَبَيْنَا نَحْنُ نَتَضَحَّى عَامَّتُنَا مُشَاةٌ فِينَا ضَعْفٌ إِذْ دَخَلَ رَجُلٌ عَلَى جَمَلٍ أَحْمَرَ فَانْتَزَعَ طَلَقًا مِنْ حَقْوِ الْبَعِيرِ؛ فَقَيَّدَ بِهِ جَمَلَهُ ثُمَّ مَالَ إِلَى الْقَوْمِ فَلَمَّا رَأَى ضَعْفَهُمْ أَطْلَقَهُ ثُمَّ أَنَاخَهُ فَقَعَدَ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ يَرْكُضُ وَاتَّبَعَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَسْلَمَ عَلَى نَاقَةٍ وَرْقَاءَ مِنْ ظَهْرِ الْقَوْمِ فَخَرَجْتُ أَعْدُو فَأَدْرَكْتُهُ وَرَأْسُ النَّاقَةِ عِنْدَ وَرِكِ الْبَعِيرِ ثُمَّ تَقَدَّمْتُ حَتَّى أَخَذْتُ بِخِطَامِ الْجَمَلِ فَأَنَخْتُهُ فَلَمَّا صَارَتْ رُكْبَتُهُ بِالْأَرْضِ اخْتَرَطْتُ سَيْفِي فَأَضْرِبُهُ فَنَدَرَ رَأْسُهُ فَجِئْتُ بِرَاحِلَتِهِ وَمَا عَلَيْهَا أَقُودُهُ وَاسْتَقْبَلَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي النَّاسِ مُقْبِلًا فَقَالَ مَنْ قَتَلَ الرَّجُلَ؟ قَالُوا ابْنُ الْأَكْوَعِ قَالَ لَهُ السَّلَبُ أَجْمَعُ  

[Machine] We encountered the enemy with the messenger of Allah ﷺ , so I stabbed a man and killed him. The messenger of Allah ﷺ dismounted me and took his spoils. Abu Abdullah Al-Hafiz informed us, Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Ya'qub Al-Hafiz informed us, Ahmed ibn Hamdoon Al-A' mash from his ancient origin narrated to us from Abu Sa'id Al-Ashajj, from Abu Khalid Al-Ahmar mentioned him. And this narration is strange with this isnad (chain of transmission), and it has been narrated from another weak source.  

لَقِينَا الْعَدُوَّ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَطَعَنْتُ رَجُلًا فَقَتَلْتُهُ فَنَفَّلَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ سَلَبَهُ أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ الْحَافِظُ حَدَّثَنِي أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَمْدُونَ الْأَعْمَشُ مِنْ أَصْلِهِ الْعَتِيقِ ثنا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الْأَشَجُّ ثنا أَبُو خَالِدٍ الْأَحْمَرُ فَذَكَرَهُ وَهَذَا غَرِيبٌ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ ضَعِيفٍ  

[Machine] I went out during the time of the Prophet ﷺ in a battle. We encountered the enemy and I targeted a man, stabbing and killing him. I took his belongings and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ praised me for it.  

خَرَجْتُ فِي عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِي غَزْوَةٍ فَلَقِينَا الْعَدُوَّ فَشَدَدْتُ عَلَى رَجُلٍ فَطَعَنْتُهُ فَقَطَرْتُهُ وَأَخَذْتُ سَلَبَهُ فَنَفَّلَنِيهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ  

[Machine] On the day of Uhud, why don't we come and supplicate to Allah?" So they secluded themselves in a certain place and Sa'd called upon Allah, saying, "O Lord, if we face the enemy tomorrow, teach me a man with intense strength and powerful combat skills. I will fight him for Your sake, and he will fight me, then grant me victory over him until I kill him and take his spoils. Then Abdullah ibn Jash said "amen". Afterward, he said, "O Allah, grant me a man tomorrow with intense strength and powerful combat skills. I will fight him for Your sake, and he will fight me, then grab me and break my nose. And when I meet You tomorrow, I will ask, 'O Abdullah, what makes your nose and ears broken?' And I will respond, 'For Your sake and for Your Messenger's sake.' And You will say, 'You have spoken the truth.'"

Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas said, "O son of Abu Quhafa, the supplication of Abdullah ibn Jash was better than mine. I saw his nose and ears hanging on a thread at the end of the day."  

يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ أَلَا نَأْتِي نَدْعُو اللهَ فَخَلَوْا فِي نَاحِيَةٍ فَدَعَا سَعْدٌ قَالَ يَا رَبِّ إِذَا لَقِينَا الْقَوْمَ غَدًا فَلَقِّنِي رَجُلًا شَدِيدًا بَأْسُهُ شَدِيدًا حَرْدُهُ؛ فَأُقَاتِلَهُ فِيكَ وَيُقَاتِلُنِي ثُمَّ ارْزُقْنِي عَلَيْهِ الظَّفَرَ حَتَّى أَقْتُلَهُ وَآخُذَ سَلَبَهُ فَأَمَّنَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَحْشٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ اللهُمَّ ارْزُقْنِي غَدًا رَجُلًا شَدِيدًا حَرْدُهُ شَدِيدًا بَأْسُهُ أُقَاتِلُهُ فِيكَ وَيُقَاتِلُنِي ثُمَّ يَأْخُذُنِي فَيَجْدَعُ أَنْفِي فَإِذَا لَقِيتُكَ غَدًا قُلْتَ يَا عَبْدَ اللهِ فِيمَ جُدِعَ أَنْفُكَ وَأُذُنُكَ؟ فَأَقُولُ فِيكَ وَفِي رَسُولِكَ ﷺ فَتَقُولُ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ سَعْدُ بْنُ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ يَا بُنِيَّ كَانَتْ دَعْوَةُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ جَحْشٍ خَيْرًا مِنْ دَعْوَتِي لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُهُ آخِرَ النَّهَارِ وَإِنَّ أُذُنَهُ وَأَنْفَهُ لَمُعَلَّقَانِ فِي خَيْطٍ  

[Machine] He heard Hattib ibn Abu Balta'ah saying that he went out with the Prophet ﷺ during the Battle of Uhud and the battle was intense. Ali ibn Abi Talib had a shield with water in his hand, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ washed his face with that water. Hattib asked him who did this to you? The Prophet replied it was 'Utbah ibn Abi Waqqas, who hit my face and broke my cheekbone with a stone. I heard someone shouting that Muhammad had been killed on the mountain, so I came and my spirit had already left me. I asked where Utbah had gone, so he pointed to where he went. I pursued him until I caught up with him and struck him with my sword, and his head fell. I took his head, his armor, and his horse, and I came to the Prophet ﷺ . He accepted what I brought and prayed for me, saying "May Allah be pleased with you."  

أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ حَاطِبَ بْنَ أَبِي بَلْتَعَةَ يَقُولُ إِنَّهُ طَلَعَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي أُحُدٍ وَهُوَ يَشْتَدُّ وَفِي يَدِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ التُّرْسُ فِيهِ مَاءٌ وَرَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَغْسِلُ وَجْهَهُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْمَاءِ فَقَالَ لَهُ حَاطِبٌ مَنْ فَعَلَ بِكَ هَذَا؟ قَالَ عُتْبَةُ بْنُ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ هَشَّمَ وَجْهِيَ وَدَقَّ رَبَاعِيَتِي بِحَجَرٍ رَمَانِي قُلْتُ إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ صَائِحًا يَصِيحُ عَلَى الْجَبَلِ قُتِلَ مُحَمَّدٌ فَأَتَيْتُ وَكَانَ قَدْ ذَهَبَ رُوحِي قُلْتُ أَيْنَ تَوَجَّهَ عُتْبَةُ؟ فَأَشَارَ إِلَى حَيْثُ تَوَجَّهَ فَمَضَيْتُ حَتَّى ظَفَرْتُ بِهِ فَضَرَبْتُهُ بِالسَّيْفِ فَطَرَحْتُ رَأْسَهُ فَهَبَطَتْ فَأَخَذْتُ رَأْسَهُ وَسَلَبَهُ وَفَرَسَهُ وَجِئْتُ بِهَا إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَسَلَّمَ ذَلِكَ إِلِيَّ وَدَعَا لِي فَقَالَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْكَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْكَ  

[Machine] Some men from his people said: He recounted the story of the ditch and the killing of Ali ibn Abi Talib and Amr ibn Abd Wud, then Ali approached the Messenger of Allah ﷺ with a smiling face. Umar ibn Al-Khattab said: Why don't you take his shield, for there is no better shield for the Arabs than it. He replied: I struck him and he aimed his weapon at me, so I felt ashamed to take it from my cousin.  

عَنْ رِجَالٍ مِنْ قَوْمِهِ قَالُوا فَذَكَرَ قِصَّةَ الْخَنْدَقِ وَقَتْلَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ؓ عَمْرَو بْنَ عَبْدِ وُدٍّ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلِيٌّ ؓ نَحْوَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَوَجْهُهُ يَتَهَلَّلُ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ هَلَّا اسْتَلَبْتَ دِرْعَهُ؛ فَإِنَّهُ لَيْسَ لِلْعَرَبِ دِرْعٌ خَيْرٌ مِنْهَا فَقَالَ ضَرَبْتُهُ فَاتَّقَانِي بِسَوَادِهِ فَاسْتَحْيَيْتُ ابْنَ عَمِّي أَنْ أَسْتَلِبَهُ  

[Machine] Safiyyah bint Abdul-Muttalib was in the fortress of Hassan bin Thabit when the Prophet ﷺ was digging the trench. Safiyyah said, "A Jewish man passed by us and started circling the fortress. I said to Hassan, 'This Jew is circling the fortress as you can see, and I do not trust him not to expose our secrets. Descend to him and kill him.' He said, 'May Allah forgive you, O daughter of Abdul-Muttalib. By Allah, you know who I am with.' Safiyyah said, 'When he said that, I became angry and took a stick. Then I descended from the fortress to him and struck him with the stick until I killed him. Then I returned to the fortress and said to Hassan, 'Descend and take his belongings, for nothing prevented me from taking them except that he is a man.' He said, 'What need do I have for his belongings, O daughter of Abdul-Muttalib?'"

12773 Abu Abdullah informed us, Abu Al-Abbas narrated to us, Ahmad narrated to us, Yunus ibn Bukayr narrated to us, from Hisham ibn Urwah, from his father, from Safiyyah bint Abdul-Muttalib with a similar narration. And he added, "She was the first woman to kill a man from the polytheists."  

كَانَتْ صَفِيَّةُ بِنْتُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ فِي حِصْنِ حَسَّانَ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ حِينَ خَنْدَقَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ قَالَتْ صَفِيَّةُ فَمَرَّ بِنَا رَجُلٌ مَنْ يَهُودَ فَجَعَلَ يُطِيفُ بِالْحِصْنِ فَقُلْتُ لِحَسَّانَ إِنَّ هَذَا الْيَهُودِيَّ يُطِيفُ بِالْحِصْنِ كَمَا تَرَى وَلَا آمَنُهُ أَنْ يَدُلَّ عَلَى عَوْرَتِنَا فَانْزِلْ إِلَيْهِ فَاقْتُلْهُ فَقَالَ يَغْفِرُ اللهُ لَكِ يَا بِنْتَ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ وَاللهِ لَقَدْ عَرَفْتِ مَا أَنَا بِصَاحِبِ هَذَا قَالَتْ صَفِيَّةُ فَلَمَّا قَالَ ذَلِكَ احْتَجَزْتُ وَأَخَذْتُ عَمُودًا ثُمَّ نَزَلْتُ مِنَ الْحِصْنِ إِلَيْهِ فَضَرَبْتُهُ بِالْعَمُودِ حَتَّى قَتَلْتُهُ ثُمَّ رَجَعْتُ إِلَى الْحِصْنِ فَقُلْتُ يَا حَسَّانُ انْزِلْ فَاسْتَلِبْهُ؛ فَإِنَّهُ لَمْ يَمْنَعْنِي أَنْ أَسْتَلِبَهُ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ مَا لِي بِسَلَبِهِ مِنْ حَاجَةٍ يَا بِنْتَ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ 12773 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ ثنا أَحْمَدُ ثنا يُونُسُ بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ صَفِيَّةَ بِنْتِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ مِثْلَهُ وَزَادَ فِيهِ قَالَ هِيَ أَوَّلُ امْرَأَةٍ قَتَلَتْ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ  

[Machine] "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ stood up and said, 'O Zubayr!' Safiyyah said, 'O Messenger of Allah, should I prepare myself as well?' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'Whichever of them excels over his companion should kill him.' So Zubayr killed him and the Prophet ﷺ allotted it to him. This booty was received as a gift and it is mentioned that Ibn Abbas narrated it."  

رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قِمْ يَا زُبَيْرُ فَقَالَتْ صَفِيَّةُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ وَاحِدِي؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَيُّهُمَا عَلَا عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ قَتَلَهُ فَعَلَاهُ الزُّبَيْرُ فَقَتَلَهُ فَنَفَّلَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ سَلَبَهُ هَذَا مُرْسَلٌ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ مَوْصُولًا بِذِكْرِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِيهِ  

[Machine] He was wounded in the Battle of Mu'tah, meaning some Muslims were wounded and the Muslims seized some of the belongings of the polytheists. Among the spoils was a ring, which a man brought to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He said, "I killed its owner on that day, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave it to him as a gift, valuing it at 12,775 dirhams." Al-Waqidi said that Bukayr ibn Mismaar narrated to him from 'Umarah ibn Khuzaimah ibn Thaabit, who narrated from his father that he was present at Mu'tah and a man from among them confronted me on that day and I struck him and he had a white mark on him. Within it was a ruby, so my only desire was for the ruby. I took it and when I returned to Madinah, I brought it to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He therefore gave it to me as a gift, valuing it at 100 dinars. I then sold it during the time of 'Uthman for 100 dinars and bought a garden with it.  

أُصِيبَ بِهَا يَعْنِي فِي غَزْوَةِ مُؤْتَةَ نَاسٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَغَنِمَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ بَعْضَ أَمْتِعَةِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فَكَانَ مِمَّا غَنِمُوا خَاتَمًا جَاءَ بِهِ رَجُلٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ قَتَلْتُ صَاحِبَهُ يَوْمَئِذٍ فَنَفَّلَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِيَّاهُ 12775 قَالَ الْوَاقِدِيُّ وَحَدَّثَنِي بُكَيْرُ بْنُ مِسْمَارٍ عَنْ عُمَارَةَ بْنِ خُزَيْمَةَ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ حَضَرْتُ مُؤْتَةَ فَبَارَزَنِي رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ فَأَصَبْتُهُ وَعَلَيْهِ بَيْضَةٌ لَهُ فِيهَا يَاقُوتَةٌ فَلَمْ يَكُنْ هِمَّتِي إِلَّا الْيَاقُوتَةَ فَأَخَذْتُهَا فَلَمَّا رَجَعْتُ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ بِهَا فَنَفَّلَنِيهَا فَبِعْتُهَا زَمَنَ عُثْمَانَ ؓ بِمِائَةِ دِينَارٍ فَاشْتَرَيْتُ بِهَا حَدِيقَةً  

[Machine] Baraza 'Aqil bin Abi Talib emerged as a prominent figure on the day of Mu'tah and was killed. He displayed his sword and shield with great valor.  

بَارَزَ عَقِيلُ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ؓ رَجُلًا يَوْمَ مُؤْتَةَ فَقَتَلَهُ فَنَفَّلَهُ سَيْفَهُ وَتُرْسَهُ  

[Machine] Aqeel, the son of Abu Talib, emerged as a prominent man on the day of the Battle of Mu'tah. The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , then gifted him with his sword and shield.  

بَارَزَ عَقِيلُ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ رَجُلًا يَوْمَ مُؤْتَةَ فَنَفَّلَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ سَيْفَهُ وَتُرْسَهُ  

[Machine] That Ali ibn Abi Talib killed a man on the day of Mu'ta, and he found a ring on him with a red gemstone containing an image. He brought it to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , who took it and looked at it. He said, "If it did not have an image in it." Then he spat on it and returned it. This indicates that this narration has a basis. Jabir, from whom Abu Khaythama narrated, is a Hanafi, and the one who narrated from him, Ibn Aqil, is Jabir ibn Abdullah. Abu Hamza narrated from Jabir Al-Ju'fi from Muhammad ibn Abdullah ibn Muhammad ibn Aqil, who mentioned it.  

أَنَّ عَقِيلَ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ؓ قَتَلَ رَجُلًا يَوْمَ مُؤْتَةَ فَأَصَابَ عَلَيْهِ خَاتَمًا فِيهِ فَصٌّ أَحْمَرُ فِيهِ تِمْثَالٌ فَأَتَى بِهِ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَخَذَهُ وَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَوْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِيهِ تِمْثَالٌ قَالَ ثُمَّ نَفَّلَهُ إِيَّاهُ قَالَ فَهُوَ عِنْدَنَا هَذَا يَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّ الْحَدِيثَ لَهُ أَصْلٌ وَجَابِرٌ الَّذِي رَوَى عَنْهُ أَبُو خَيْثَمَةَ هُوَ الْحَنَفِيُّ وَالَّذِي رَوَى عَنْهُ ابْنُ عَقِيلٍ هُوَ جَابِرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ ؓ وَرَوَاهُ أَبُو حَمْزَةَ عَنْ جَابِرٍ الْجُعْفِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَقِيلٍ فَذَكَرَهُ  

[Machine] "Muhammad tasted death as my brother Mahmoud tasted it and passed by him Ali, and he struck his neck and took his belongings. They both went to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ concerning his belongings. Muhammad said, 'O Messenger of Allah, by Allah, I did not cut off his legs and leave him only to taste death. I was able to kill him.' Ali said, 'He speaks the truth, I struck his neck after cutting off his legs.' So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave Muhammad bin Maslamah his belongings - his sword, shield, cloak, and belt. Muhammad bin Maslamah had a sword with the family of Muhammad bin Maslamah, inside of it was a book he did not know what it was until a Jew from the people of Tayma read it, and it said, 'This is the sword of welcome. Whoever tastes it, it will be ruined.'"  

مُحَمَّدٌ ذُقِ الْمَوْتَ كَمَا ذَاقَهُ أَخِي مَحْمُودٌ وَجَاوَزَهُ فَمَرَّ بِهِ عَلِيٌّ ؓ فَضَرَبَ عُنُقَهُ وَأَخَذَ سَلَبَهُ فَاخْتَصَمَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِي سَلَبِهِ فَقَالَ مُحَمَّدٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ وَاللهِ مَا قَطَعْتُ رِجْلَيْهِ وَتَرَكْتُهُ إِلَّا لِيَذُوقَ الْمَوْتَ وَقَدْ كُنْتُ قَادِرًا أَنْ أُجْهِزَ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ؓ صَدَقَ ضَرَبْتُ عُنُقَهُ بَعْدَ أَنْ قَطَعَ رِجْلَيْهِ فَأَعْطَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ سَلَبَهُ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ مَسْلَمَةَ سَيْفَهُ وَدِرْعَهُ وَمِغْفَرَهُ وَبَيْضَتَهُ وَكَانَ عِنْدَ آلِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَسْلَمَةَ سَيْفُهُ فِيهِ كِتَابٌ لَا يَدْرِي مَا هُوَ حَتَّى قَرَأَهُ يَهُودِيٌّ مَنْ يَهُودِ تَيْمَاءَ فَإِذَا فِيهِ هَذَا سَيْفُ مَرْحَبٍ مَنْ يَذُقْهُ يَعْطَبْ  

[Machine] When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ transitioned to the valley, meaning he came out of Khaybar, a man from the Jews shouted, "Who wants to duel?" Abu Dujanah stepped forward, his head wrapped with a red band above his helmet, boasting in his walk. He struck him and severed his legs, then hit him repeatedly and took his belongings; his shield and sword. He brought them to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, who supplicated for him, saying, "This is it, and by the One before whom the severed one came!" In the connected narrations, this is sufficient.  

لَمَّا تَحَوَّلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَى الشِّقِّ يَعْنِي مِنْ خَيْبَرَ خَرَجَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ فَصَاحَ مَنْ يُبَارِزُ؟ فَبَرَزَ لَهُ أَبُو دُجَانَةَ قَدْ عَصَبَ رَأْسَهُ بِعِصَابَةٍ حَمْرَاءَ فَوْقَ الْمِغْفَرِ يَخْتَالُ فِي مِشْيَتِهِ فَضَرَبَهُ فَقَطَعَ رِجْلَيْهِ ثُمَّ دَفَفَ عَلَيْهِ وَأَخَذَ سَلَبَهُ؛ دِرْعَهُ وَسَيْفَهَ فَجَاءَ بِهِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَنَفَّلَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ ذَاكَ هَذَا وَالَّذِي قَبْلَهُ مُنْقَطِعٌ وَفِي الْأَحَادِيثِ الْمَوْصُولَةِ كِفَايَةٌ  

“The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: ‘Whoever kills, the spoils are his.’” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 2838)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ قَتَلَ قَتِيلًا فَلَهُ سَلَبُهُ