16. Sūrat al-Naḥl (1/3)

١٦۔ سُورَةُ النَّحْل ص ١

Qurʾān > Chapter 16
القرآن > كتاب ١٦

The Bee (Meccan)

quran:16:1 – In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

The command of Allah is coming, so be not impatient for it. Exalted is He and high above what they associate with Him.  

When the idolaters found chastisement slow in coming, the following was revealed: God’s commandment has come, that is, the Hour ˹has come˺ (˹this verb˺ atā is in the past tense because it means that ˹the event therein described˺ will come to pass) in other words, it ˹God’s commandment˺ is close at hand, so do not seek to hasten it, do not demand it before its ˹due˺ time, for it will come to pass without doubt. Glory be to Him — an affirmation of His transcendence — and exalted be He above what they associate, with Him, in the way of others.
القرآن:١٦:١ – بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

أَتَىٰ أَمْرُ اللَّهِ فَلَا تَسْتَعْجِلُوهُ ۚ سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَىٰ عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ  

لما استبطأ المشركون العذاب نزل: {أتى أمر الله} أي الساعة، وأتى بصيغة الماضي لتحقق وقوعه أي قرب {فلا تستعجلوه} تطلبوه قبل حينه فإنه واقع لا محالة {سبحانه} تنزيهاً له {وتعالى عما يشكرون} به غيره.
quran:16:2 –

He sends down the angels, with the inspiration of His command, upon whom He wills of His servants, ˹telling them˺, "Warn that there is no deity except Me; so fear Me."  

He sends down the angels, namely, Gabriel, with the Spirit, with the Revelation, of His command, by His will, to whomever He will of His servants, and these are the prophets, ˹saying˺ that (an is explicative): Warn, threaten the disbelievers with chastisement and make them aware, that there is no God save Me: so fear Me, fear Me.
القرآن:١٦:٢ –

يُنَزِّلُ الْمَلَائِكَةَ بِالرُّوحِ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ عَلَىٰ مَنْ يَشَاءُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ أَنْ أَنْذِرُوا أَنَّهُ لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا أَنَا فَاتَّقُونِ  

{ينزل الملائكة} أي جبريل {بالروح} بالوحي {من أمره} بإرادته {على من يشاء من عباده} وهم الأنبياء {أن} مفسرة {أنذروا} خوفوا الكافرين بالعذاب وأعلموهم {أنه لا إله إلا أنا فاتقون} خافون.
quran:16:3 –

He created the heavens and earth in truth. High is He above what they associate with Him.  

He created the heavens and the earth with the Truth, that is, with the purpose of ˹manifesting˺ truth. Exalted be He above what they associate, with Him in the way of idols.
القرآن:١٦:٣ –

خَلَقَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ بِالْحَقِّ ۚ تَعَالَىٰ عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ  

(خلق السماوات والأرض بالحق) أي محقا (تعالى عما يشركون) به من الأصنام.
quran:16:4 –

He created man from a sperm-drop; then at once, he is a clear adversary.  

He created man from a drop of fluid, of sperm, until He makes him strong and tough, yet behold! he is disputatious, extremely quarrelsome, openly, making this ˹disputatiousness˺ clear in his rejection of resurrection, contending: Who shall revive the bones when they are decayed? ˹Q. 36:78˺.
القرآن:١٦:٤ –

خَلَقَ الْإِنْسَانَ مِنْ نُطْفَةٍ فَإِذَا هُوَ خَصِيمٌ مُبِينٌ  

(خلق الإنسان من نطفة) مَنِيّ إلى أن صيره قويا شديداً (فإذا هو خصيم) شديد الخصومة (مبين) بينها في نفي البعث قائلاً "" من يحيي العظام وهي رميم "".
quran:16:5 –

And the grazing livestock He has created for you; in them is warmth and ˹numerous˺ benefits, and from them you eat.  

And the cattle, camels, cows and sheep (al-an‘āma, ‘cattle’, is in the accusative because of the implied verb ˹governing it˺, as explained by ˹the following words, khalaqahā lakum˺), He created them for you, ˹you being˺ included among the number of mankind. In them there is warmth, that by which you keep warm in the way of clothes and garments, ˹taken˺ from their hairs and wools, as well as ˹other˺ uses, such as ˹their˺ offspring, milk and for you to ride, and of them you eat (the adverbial clause ˹wa-minhā, ‘of them’˺ precedes ˹the verb˺ for the purpose of ˹establishing harmony with˺ the end-rhyme ˹of the Qur’ānic verse˺);
القرآن:١٦:٥ –

وَالْأَنْعَامَ خَلَقَهَا ۗ لَكُمْ فِيهَا دِفْءٌ وَمَنَافِعُ وَمِنْهَا تَأْكُلُونَ  

{والأنعام} الإبل والبقر والغنم، ونصبه بفعل مقدر يفسره {خلقها لكم} من جملة الناس {فيها دفءٌ} ما تستدفئون به من الأكسية والأردية من أشعارها وأصوافها {ومنافع} من النسل والدرّ والركوب {ومنها تأكلون} قدم الظرف للفاصلة.
quran:16:6 –

And for you in them is ˹the enjoyment of˺ beauty when you bring them in ˹for the evening˺ and when you send them out ˹to pasture˺.  

and for you there is in them beauty, adornment, when you bring them ˹home˺ to rest, ˹when you˺ return them to their resting places in the evening, and when you drive them forth to pasture, when you bring them out to the grazing pastures in the morning.
القرآن:١٦:٦ –

وَلَكُمْ فِيهَا جَمَالٌ حِينَ تُرِيحُونَ وَحِينَ تَسْرَحُونَ  

{ولكم فيها جمال} زينة {حين تريحون} تردونها إلى مراحها بالعشي {وحين تسرحون} تخرجونها إلى المرعى بالغداة.
quran:16:7 –

And they carry your loads to a land you could not have reached except with difficulty to yourselves. Indeed, your Lord is Kind and Merciful.  

And they bear your burdens, your baggage, to a land which you could not reach, without being on camelback, save with great trouble to yourselves, ˹save by˺ straining them. Indeed your Lord is Gentle, Merciful, to you, in having created these for you.
القرآن:١٦:٧ –

وَتَحْمِلُ أَثْقَالَكُمْ إِلَىٰ بَلَدٍ لَمْ تَكُونُوا بَالِغِيهِ إِلَّا بِشِقِّ الْأَنْفُسِ ۚ إِنَّ رَبَّكُمْ لَرَءُوفٌ رَحِيمٌ  

{وتحمل أثقالكم} أحمالكم {إلى بلدٍ لم تكونوا بالغيه} واصلين على غير الإبل {إلا بشق الأنفس} بجهدها {إن ربكم لرءُوف رحيم} حيث خلقها لكم.
quran:16:8 –

And ˹He created˺ the horses, mules and donkeys for you to ride and ˹as˺ adornment. And He creates that which you do not know.  

And, He created, horses and mules and asses, that you may ride them, and for adornment (wa-zīnatan is an object denoting reason; the use of both of these reasons ˹‘to ride’ and ‘for adornment’˺ as illustrations of ˹God’s˺ graces does not preclude that they may have been created for other purposes, such as for consumption in the case of horses — which is established ˹as lawful˺ by a hadīth in both Sahīhs ˹of Bukhārī and Muslim˺); and He creates what you do not know, of marvelous and strange things.
القرآن:١٦:٨ –

وَالْخَيْلَ وَالْبِغَالَ وَالْحَمِيرَ لِتَرْكَبُوهَا وَزِينَةً ۚ وَيَخْلُقُ مَا لَا تَعْلَمُونَ  

{و} خلق {الخيل والبغال والحمير لتركبوها وزينة} مفعول له، والتعليل بهما بتعريف النعم لا ينافي خلقها لغير ذلك كالأكل في الخيل، الثابت بحديث الصحيحين {ويخلق ما لا تعلمون} من الأشياء العجيبة الغريبة.
quran:16:9 –

And upon Allah is the direction of the ˹right˺ way, and among the various paths are those deviating. And if He willed, He could have guided you all.  

And God’s is the direction of the way, that is, to point out the straight path, and some of them, that is, the paths, are deviant, swerving away from straightness. And had He willed, to guide you, He would have guided you, to seek the way, all, so that you would be ˹rightly˺ guided of your own choice.
القرآن:١٦:٩ –

وَعَلَى اللَّهِ قَصْدُ السَّبِيلِ وَمِنْهَا جَائِرٌ ۚ وَلَوْ شَاءَ لَهَدَاكُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ  

{وعلى الله قصد السبيل} أي بيان الطريق المستقيم {ومنها} أي السبيل {جائر} حائد عن الاستقامة {ولو شاء} هدايتكم {لهداكم} إلى قصد السبيل {أجمعين} فتهتدون إليه باختيار منكم.
quran:16:10 –

It is He who sends down rain from the sky; from it is drink and from it is foliage in which you pasture ˹animals˺.  

He it is Who sends down water from the heaven, whence you have drink, for you to drink, and whence are trees, which grow because of this ˹water˺, whereat you let your animals graze.
القرآن:١٦:١٠ –

هُوَ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مَاءً ۖ لَكُمْ مِنْهُ شَرَابٌ وَمِنْهُ شَجَرٌ فِيهِ تُسِيمُونَ  

{هو الذي أنزل من السماء ماء لكم منه شراب} تشربونه {ومنه شجر} ينبت بسببه {فيه تسيمون} ترعون دوابكم.
quran:16:11 –

He causes to grow for you thereby the crops, olives, palm trees, grapevines, and from all the fruits. Indeed in that is a sign for a people who give thought.  

With it He makes the crops grow for you, and olives and date-palms and vines and all kinds of fruit. Surely in that, which is mentioned, there is a sign, indicating His Oneness, exalted He be, for people who reflect, upon His handiwork and therefore believe.
القرآن:١٦:١١ –

يُنْبِتُ لَكُمْ بِهِ الزَّرْعَ وَالزَّيْتُونَ وَالنَّخِيلَ وَالْأَعْنَابَ وَمِنْ كُلِّ الثَّمَرَاتِ ۗ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَآيَةً لِقَوْمٍ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ  

{ينبت لكم به الزرع والزيتون والنخيل والأعناب ومن كل الثمرات إن في ذلك} المذكور {لآية} دالة على وحدانيته تعالى {لقوم يتفكرون} في صنعه فيؤمنون.
quran:16:12 –

And He has subjected for you the night and day and the sun and moon, and the stars are subjected by His command. Indeed in that are signs for a people who reason.  

And He disposed for you the night and the day and the sun (wa’l-shamsa, read in the accusative as a supplement to what precedes it; or read wa’l-shamsu in the nominative as a subject ˹of a new sentence˺) and the moon and the stars (also read both ways) are disposed (musakhkharātin, read in the accusative as a circumstantial qualifier, or in the nominative ˹musakhkharātun˺ as a predicate) by His command, by His will. Surely in that there are signs for people who understand, ˹a people˺ who reflect.
القرآن:١٦:١٢ –

وَسَخَّرَ لَكُمُ اللَّيْلَ وَالنَّهَارَ وَالشَّمْسَ وَالْقَمَرَ ۖ وَالنُّجُومُ مُسَخَّرَاتٌ بِأَمْرِهِ ۗ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَآيَاتٍ لِقَوْمٍ يَعْقِلُونَ  

{وسخَّر لكم الليل والنهار والشمس} بالنصب عطفاً على ما قبله والرفع مبتدأ {والقمر والنجوم} بالوجهين {مسخرات} بالنصب حال والرفع خبر {بأمره} بإرادته {إن في ذلك لآيات لقوم يعقلون} يتدبرون.
quran:16:13 –

And ˹He has subjected˺ whatever He multiplied for you on the earth of varying colors. Indeed in that is a sign for a people who remember.  

And, He has disposed for you, whatever He has created for you in the earth, of animals, plants and otherwise, diverse in hue, such as red, yellow, green and otherwise. Surely in that there is a sign for people who remember, ˹a people who˺ are admonished.
القرآن:١٦:١٣ –

وَمَا ذَرَأَ لَكُمْ فِي الْأَرْضِ مُخْتَلِفًا أَلْوَانُهُ ۗ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَآيَةً لِقَوْمٍ يَذَّكَّرُونَ  

{و} سخر لكم {ما ذرَأ} خلق {لكم في الأرض} من الحيوان والنبات وغير ذلك {مختلفاً ألوانه} كأحمر وأصفر وأخضر وغيرها {إن في ذلك لآية لقوم يذكَّرون} يتعظون.
quran:16:14 –

And it is He who subjected the sea for you to eat from it tender meat and to extract from it ornaments which you wear. And you see the ships plowing through it, and ˹He subjected it˺ that you may seek of His bounty; and perhaps you will be grateful.  

And He it is Who disposed the sea, ˹He it is Who˺ subdued it, that it might be sailed upon and dived in, that you may eat from it fresh meat, that is, fish, and bring forth from it ornaments which you wear, namely, pearls and coral. And you see, observe, the ships ploughing therein, ploughing through the water, that is, cleaving it as they sail upon it, coming and going with the same wind; and that you may seek (wa-litabtaghū is a supplement to li-ta’kulū, ‘that you may eat’) of His bounty, exalted He be, by way of commerce, and that you might be thankful, to God for ˹all˺ that.
القرآن:١٦:١٤ –

وَهُوَ الَّذِي سَخَّرَ الْبَحْرَ لِتَأْكُلُوا مِنْهُ لَحْمًا طَرِيًّا وَتَسْتَخْرِجُوا مِنْهُ حِلْيَةً تَلْبَسُونَهَا وَتَرَى الْفُلْكَ مَوَاخِرَ فِيهِ وَلِتَبْتَغُوا مِنْ فَضْلِهِ وَلَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ  

{وهو الذي سخَّر البحر} ذلله لركوبه والغوص فيه {لتأكلوا منه لحماً طرياً} هو السمك {وتستخرجوا منه حليه تلبسونها} هي اللؤلؤ والمرجان {وترى} تبصر {الفلك} السفن {مواخر فيه} تمخر الماء، أي تشقه يجريها فيه مقبلة ومدبرة بريح واحدة {ولتبتغوا} عطف على لتأكلوا، تطلبوا {من فضله} تعالى بالتجارة {ولعلكم تشكرون} الله على ذلك.
quran:16:15 –

And He has cast into the earth firmly set mountains, lest it shift with you, and ˹made˺ rivers and roads, that you may be guided,  

And He cast into the earth firm mountains, lest it should shake, move, with you, and, He made therein, rivers, such as the Nile, and ways, roads, so that you might be guided, to your destinations,
القرآن:١٦:١٥ –

وَأَلْقَىٰ فِي الْأَرْضِ رَوَاسِيَ أَنْ تَمِيدَ بِكُمْ وَأَنْهَارًا وَسُبُلًا لَعَلَّكُمْ تَهْتَدُونَ  

{وألقى في الأرض رواسي} جبالاً ثوابت لـ {أن} لا {تميد} تتحرك {بكم و} جعل فيها {أنهاراً} كالنيل {وسبلاً} طرقاً {لعلكم تهتدون} إلى مقاصدكم.
quran:16:16 –

And landmarks. And by the stars they are ˹also˺ guided.  

— and landmarks ˹as well˺, by which you might find the roads, ˹landmarks˺ such as mountains, during the day, and by the star, meaning, by the stars, they are guided, to the roads and to the direction of prayer (qibla) by night.
القرآن:١٦:١٦ –

وَعَلَامَاتٍ ۚ وَبِالنَّجْمِ هُمْ يَهْتَدُونَ  

{وعلامات} تستدلون بها على الطرق كالجبال بالنهار {وبالنجم} بمعنى النجوم {هم يهتدون} إلى الطرق والقبلة بالليل.
quran:16:17 –

Then is He who creates like one who does not create? So will you not be reminded?  

Is He then Who creates — namely, God — as he who does not create, namely, idols, so that you associate them with Him in worship? No. Will you not then remember, this, and so become believers?
القرآن:١٦:١٧ –

أَفَمَنْ يَخْلُقُ كَمَنْ لَا يَخْلُقُ ۗ أَفَلَا تَذَكَّرُونَ  

{أفمن يخلق} وهو الله {كمن لا يخلق} وهو الأصنام حيث تشركونها معه في العبادة؟ لا {أفلا تذكرون} هذا فتؤمنون.
quran:16:18 –

And if you should count the favors of Allah, you could not enumerate them. Indeed, Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.  

And if you were to count God’s grace you could never reckon it, number it precisely, let alone be able to give thanks for it. Indeed God is Forgiving, Merciful, since He bestows graces upon you despite your shortcomings and your ˹acts of˺ disobedience.
القرآن:١٦:١٨ –

وَإِنْ تَعُدُّوا نِعْمَةَ اللَّهِ لَا تُحْصُوهَا ۗ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَغَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ  

{وإن تعدّوا نعمة الله لا تحصوها} تضبطوها فضلاً أن تطيقوا شكرها {إن الله لغفور رحيم} حيث ينعم عليكم مع تقصيركم وعصيانكم.
quran:16:19 –

And Allah knows what you conceal and what you declare.  

And God knows what you keep secret and what you disclose.
القرآن:١٦:١٩ –

وَاللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ مَا تُسِرُّونَ وَمَا تُعْلِنُونَ  

{والله يعلم ما تسرون وما تعلنون}.
quran:16:20 –

And those they invoke other than Allah create nothing, and they ˹themselves˺ are created.  

And those whom you invoke (tad‘ūna, or read yad‘una ‘they invoke’) besides God, namely, the idols, do not create anything, but are themselves created, fashioned from stones and other ˹materials˺.
القرآن:١٦:٢٠ –

وَالَّذِينَ يَدْعُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ لَا يَخْلُقُونَ شَيْئًا وَهُمْ يُخْلَقُونَ  

{والذين تدعون} بالتاء والياء تعبدون {من دون الله} وهم الأصنام {لا يخلقون شيئاً وهم يُخلقون} يصورون من الحجارة وغيرها.
quran:16:21 –

They are, ˹in fact˺, dead, not alive, and they do not perceive when they will be resurrected.  

They are dead, possessing no life (amwātun, ‘dead’, is a second predicate), not living (an emphasis), and they, the idols, are not aware when, is the time ˹in which˺, they shall be raised, that is, creatures: so how can they be worshipped? For, only the Creator, the Living, the Knower of the Unseen can be a God.
القرآن:١٦:٢١ –

أَمْوَاتٌ غَيْرُ أَحْيَاءٍ ۖ وَمَا يَشْعُرُونَ أَيَّانَ يُبْعَثُونَ  

{أموات} لا روح فيه خبر ثان {غير أحياء} تأكيد {وما يشعرون} أي الأصنام {أيان} وقت {يبعثون} أي الخلق فكيف يعبدون، إذ لا يكون إلهاً إلا الخالق الحي العالم بالغيب.
quran:16:22 –

Your god is one God. But those who do not believe in the Hereafter - their hearts are disapproving, and they are arrogant.  

Your God, the One deserving of your worship, is One God, without ˹any˺ equal in ˹terms of˺ His essence or His attributes, and this is God, exalted He be. But as for those who do not believe in the Hereafter their hearts are in denial, rejecting the Oneness ˹of God˺, and they are arrogant, scorning to believe in it.
القرآن:١٦:٢٢ –

إِلَٰهُكُمْ إِلَٰهٌ وَاحِدٌ ۚ فَالَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِالْآخِرَةِ قُلُوبُهُمْ مُنْكِرَةٌ وَهُمْ مُسْتَكْبِرُونَ  

{إلهكم} المستحق للعبادة منكم {إله واحد} لا نظير له في ذاته ولا في صفاته وهو الله تعالى {فالذين لا يؤمنون بالآخرة قلوبهم منكرة} جاحدة للوحدانية {وهم مستكبرون} متكبرون عن الإيمان بها.
quran:16:23 –

Assuredly, Allah knows what they conceal and what they declare. Indeed, He does not like the arrogant.  

Without doubt, verily, God knows what they keep secret and what they disclose, and will requite them for it. Indeed He does not love the arrogant, meaning, He will punish them.
القرآن:١٦:٢٣ –

لَا جَرَمَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ يَعْلَمُ مَا يُسِرُّونَ وَمَا يُعْلِنُونَ ۚ إِنَّهُ لَا يُحِبُّ الْمُسْتَكْبِرِينَ  

{لا جرم} حقا {أن الله يعلم ما يسرون وما يعلنون} فيجازيهم بذلك {إنه لا يحب المستكبرين} بمعنى أنه يعاقبهم.
quran:16:24 –

And when it is said to them, "What has your Lord sent down?" They say, "Legends of the former peoples,"  

The following was revealed regarding al-Nadr b. al-Hārith: And when it is said to them, ‘What is it (mā is an interrogative particle; dhā is a relative particle) that your Lord has revealed?’, to Muhammad (s), they say, ˹that˺ these ˹revelations˺ are, ‘fables, lies, of the ancients’, in order to lead people astray.
القرآن:١٦:٢٤ –

وَإِذَا قِيلَ لَهُمْ مَاذَا أَنْزَلَ رَبُّكُمْ ۙ قَالُوا أَسَاطِيرُ الْأَوَّلِينَ  

ونزل في النضر بن الحارث {وإذا قيل لهم ما} استفهامية {ذا} موصولة {أنزل ربكم} على محمد {قالوا} هو {أساطير} أكاذيب {الأولين} إضلالاً للناس.
quran:16:25 –

That they may bear their own burdens in full on the Day of Resurrection and some of the burdens of those whom they misguide without knowledge. Unquestionably, evil is that which they bear.  

That they may bear, at the conclusion of the matter, their burdens, their sins, complete, none of them expunged, on the Day of Resurrection and also, ˹bear˺ some, of the burdens of those whom they lead astray without any knowledge, because they summoned them to error and they ˹the latter˺ followed them, and thus both share in the sin. How evil, awful, is the burden they bear, this load ˹of sins˺ of theirs which they carry.
القرآن:١٦:٢٥ –

لِيَحْمِلُوا أَوْزَارَهُمْ كَامِلَةً يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ ۙ وَمِنْ أَوْزَارِ الَّذِينَ يُضِلُّونَهُمْ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ ۗ أَلَا سَاءَ مَا يَزِرُونَ  

{ليحملوا} في عاقبة الأمر {أوزارهم} ذنوبهم {كاملة} لم يُكفَّر منها شيء {يوم القيامة ومن} بعض {أوزار الذين يضلونهم بغير علم} لأنهم دعوهم إلى الضلال فاتبعوهم فاشتركوا في الإثم {ألا ساء} بئس {ما يزرون} يحملونه حملهم هذا.
quran:16:26 –

Those before them had already plotted, but Allah came at their building from the foundations, so the roof fell upon them from above them, and the punishment came to them from where they did not perceive.  

Those before them had indeed plotted, ˹those˺ such as Nimrod — he built a lofty tower that he might ascend through it to the heavens and wage war against its inhabitants; then God came at, He aimed at, their edifice from the foundations, from the base, unleashing against it winds and earthquake, which demolished it; and so the roof collapsed upon them from above them, that is, while they were beneath it, and the chastisement came upon them whence they were not aware, from a direction which would not have occurred to them: ˹alternatively˺ it is said that this ˹description˺ is a simile for ˹demonstrating˺ the thwarting of that which they had settled on in the way of plots against ˹God’s˺ messengers.
القرآن:١٦:٢٦ –

قَدْ مَكَرَ الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ فَأَتَى اللَّهُ بُنْيَانَهُمْ مِنَ الْقَوَاعِدِ فَخَرَّ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّقْفُ مِنْ فَوْقِهِمْ وَأَتَاهُمُ الْعَذَابُ مِنْ حَيْثُ لَا يَشْعُرُونَ  

{قد مكر الذين من قبلهم} وهو نمروذ بنى صرحاً طويلا ليصعد منه إلى السماء ليقاتل أهلها {فأتى اللهُ} قصد {بنيانهم من القواعد} الأساس فأرسل عليه الريح والزلزلة فهدمته {فخر عليهم السقف من فوقهم} أي هم تحته {وأتاهم العذاب من حيث لا يشعرون} من جهة لا تخطر ببالهم وقيل هذا تمثيل لإفساد ما أبرموه من المكر بالرسل.
quran:16:27 –

Then on the Day of Resurrection He will disgrace them and say, "Where are My 'partners' for whom you used to oppose ˹the believers˺?" Those who were given knowledge will say, "Indeed disgrace, this Day, and evil are upon the disbelievers" -  

Then on the Day of Resurrection He will disgrace them, humiliate them, and He, God, will say, to them by the tongues of the angels, in rebuke: ‘Where are those associates of Mine, as you ˹were wont to˺ claim, concerning whom, for whose sake, you used to make breaches?’, you used to opposed the believers. Those who were given knowledge, from among the prophets and believers, will say, ‘Truly disgrace on this day, as well as misfortune, are for the disbelievers — they say this rejoicing at their ˹the disbelievers’˺ misfortune —
القرآن:١٦:٢٧ –

ثُمَّ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ يُخْزِيهِمْ وَيَقُولُ أَيْنَ شُرَكَائِيَ الَّذِينَ كُنْتُمْ تُشَاقُّونَ فِيهِمْ ۚ قَالَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْعِلْمَ إِنَّ الْخِزْيَ الْيَوْمَ وَالسُّوءَ عَلَى الْكَافِرِينَ  

{ثم يوم القيامة يخزيهم} يذلهم {ويقول} الله لهم على لسان الملائكة توبيخاً {أين شركائي} بزعمكم {الذين كنتم تشاقون} تخالفون المؤمنين {فيهم} في شأنهم {قال} أي يقول {الذين أوتوا العلم} من الأنبياء والمؤمنين {إن الخزي اليوم والسوء على الكافرين} يقولونه شماتة بهم.
quran:16:28 –

The ones whom the angels take in death ˹while˺ wronging themselves, and ˹who˺ then offer submission, ˹saying˺, "We were not doing any evil." But, yes! Indeed, Allah is Knowing of what you used to do.  

those whom the angels take ˹in death˺ (read ˹feminine person˺ tatawaffāhum or ˹masculine˺ yatawaffāhum) while they are wronging themselves’, through disbelief. Then they will offer submission, becoming compliant and submitting themselves ˹to belief in God˺ upon death, saying: ‘We were not doing any evil’, ˹any˺ associating others with God, whereat the angels say: ‘Nay! Surely God is Knower of what you used to do’, and will requite you for it.
القرآن:١٦:٢٨ –

الَّذِينَ تَتَوَفَّاهُمُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ ظَالِمِي أَنْفُسِهِمْ ۖ فَأَلْقَوُا السَّلَمَ مَا كُنَّا نَعْمَلُ مِنْ سُوءٍ ۚ بَلَىٰ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلِيمٌ بِمَا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ  

{الذين تتوفاهم} بالتاء والياء {الملائكة ظالمي أنفسهم} بالكفر {فألقوا السلم} انقادوا واستسلموا عند الموت قائلين {ما كنا نعمل من سوء} شرك فتقول الملائكة {بلى إن الله عليم بما كنتم تعملون} فيجازيكم به.
quran:16:29 –

So enter the gates of Hell to abide eternally therein, and how wretched is the residence of the arrogant.  

And it will also be said to them: So enter the gates of Hell, to abide therein! Evil indeed is the lodging, the abode, of the arrogant.
القرآن:١٦:٢٩ –

فَادْخُلُوا أَبْوَابَ جَهَنَّمَ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا ۖ فَلَبِئْسَ مَثْوَى الْمُتَكَبِّرِينَ  

ويقال لهم {فادخلوا أبواب جهنم خالدين فيها فلبئس مثوى} مأوى {المتكبرين}.
quran:16:30 –

And it will be said to those who feared Allah, "What did your Lord send down?" They will say, "˹That which is˺ good." For those who do good in this world is good; and the home of the Hereafter is better. And how excellent is the home of the righteous -  

And it is said to those who fear, idolatry, ‘What has your Lord revealed?’ They will say, ‘Good! For those who were virtuous, by ˹embracing˺ faith, in this world, there will be a virtuous ˹reward˺, namely, a goodly life; and truly the abode of the Hereafter, that is, Paradise, is better, than the world and all that is in it. God says ˹the following˺ regarding it: And truly excellent is the abode of the God-fearing, it ˹the Hereafter˺ is.
القرآن:١٦:٣٠ –

وَقِيلَ لِلَّذِينَ اتَّقَوْا مَاذَا أَنْزَلَ رَبُّكُمْ ۚ قَالُوا خَيْرًا ۗ لِلَّذِينَ أَحْسَنُوا فِي هَٰذِهِ الدُّنْيَا حَسَنَةٌ ۚ وَلَدَارُ الْآخِرَةِ خَيْرٌ ۚ وَلَنِعْمَ دَارُ الْمُتَّقِينَ  

{وقيل للذين اتقوْا} الشرك {ماذا أنزل ربكم قالوا خيراً للذين أحسنوا} بالإيمان {في هذه الدنيا حسنة} حياة طيبة {ولدار الآخرة} أي الجنة {خير} من الدنيا وما فيها قال تعالى فيها {ولنعم دار المتقين} هي.
quran:16:31 –

Gardens of perpetual residence, which they will enter, beneath which rivers flow. They will have therein whatever they wish. Thus does Allah reward the righteous -  

Gardens of Eden, as a ˹place of˺ residence (jannātu ‘Adnin is a subject, the predicate of which is ˹what follows˺) which they will enter, ˹Gardens˺ underneath which rivers flow, wherein they shall have whatever they wish. So, ˹with such˺ a reward, God rewards the God-fearing,
القرآن:١٦:٣١ –

جَنَّاتُ عَدْنٍ يَدْخُلُونَهَا تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَارُ ۖ لَهُمْ فِيهَا مَا يَشَاءُونَ ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ يَجْزِي اللَّهُ الْمُتَّقِينَ  

{جنات عدن} إقامة مبتدأ خبره {يدخلونها تجري من تحتها الأنهار لهم فيها ما يشاءُون كذلك} الجزاء {يجزي الله المتقين}.
quran:16:32 –

The ones whom the angels take in death, ˹being˺ good and pure; ˹the angels˺ will say, "Peace be upon you. Enter Paradise for what you used to do."  

those whom (alladhīna is a description) the angels take away ˹in death˺ while they are goodly, pure of any unbelief, saying, to them upon death: ‘Peace be on you!, and it is said to them in the Hereafter: Enter Paradise because of what you used to do’.
القرآن:١٦:٣٢ –

الَّذِينَ تَتَوَفَّاهُمُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ طَيِّبِينَ ۙ يَقُولُونَ سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكُمُ ادْخُلُوا الْجَنَّةَ بِمَا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ  

{الذين} نعت {تتوفاهم الملائكة طيبين} طاهرين من الكفر {يقولون} عند الموت {سلام عليكم} ويقال لهم في الآخرة {ادخلوا الجنة بما كنتم تعملون}.
quran:16:33 –

Do the disbelievers await ˹anything˺ except that the angels should come to them or there comes the command of your Lord? Thus did those do before them. And Allah wronged them not, but they had been wronging themselves.  

Do they, the disbelievers, await anything but that the angels should come to them (read ˹feminine person˺ ta’tīhim or ˹masculine˺ ya’tīhim) to seize their spirits, or that there should come your Lord’s command?, chastisement, or the resurrection that entails it. So, just as these have done, did those before them, from among the ˹former˺ communities: they denied their messengers and were therefore destroyed. And God did not wrong them, destroying them for no sin, but they used to wrong themselves, through disbelief.
القرآن:١٦:٣٣ –

هَلْ يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَّا أَنْ تَأْتِيَهُمُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ أَوْ يَأْتِيَ أَمْرُ رَبِّكَ ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ فَعَلَ الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ ۚ وَمَا ظَلَمَهُمُ اللَّهُ وَلَٰكِنْ كَانُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ يَظْلِمُونَ  

{هل} ما {ينظرون} ينتظر الكفار {إلا أن تأتيهم} بالتاء والياء {الملائكة} لقبض أرواحهم {أو يأتي أمر ربك} العذاب أو القيامة المشتملة عليه {كذلك} كما فعل هؤلاء {فعل الذين من قبلهم} من الأمم كذبوا رسلهم فأهلكوا {وما ظلمهم الله} بإهلاكهم بغير ذنب {ولكن كانوا أنفسهم يظلمون} بالكفر.
quran:16:34 –

So they were struck by the evil consequences of what they did and were enveloped by what they used to ridicule.  

So that the evils of what they did smote them, that is, the requital of these ˹evil things smote them˺, and there besieged, it was sent down ˹against˺, them that which they used to mock, namely, the chastisement.
القرآن:١٦:٣٤ –

فَأَصَابَهُمْ سَيِّئَاتُ مَا عَمِلُوا وَحَاقَ بِهِمْ مَا كَانُوا بِهِ يَسْتَهْزِئُونَ  

فأصابهم سيئات ما عملوا} أي جزاءها {وحاق} نزل {بهم ما كانوا به يستهزءُون} أي العذاب.
quran:16:35 –

And those who associate others with Allah say, "If Allah had willed, we would not have worshipped anything other than Him, neither we nor our fathers, nor would we have forbidden anything through other than Him." Thus did those do before them. So is there upon the messengers except ˹the duty of˺ clear notification?  

And the idolaters, from among the Meccans, say, ‘Had God willed we would not have worshipped anything besides Him — neither we, nor our fathers — nor would we have deemed anything sacred besides Him’, in the way of those ˹camels˺ called bahīras and sā’iba. In other words, our idolatry and our deeming ˹these animals˺ sacred are ˹effected˺ by His will; therefore He must be satisfied with this. God, exalted He be, says: So did those before them, that is, they denied their messengers regarding that which they ˹the messengers˺ brought them. Yet are messengers charged with anything save plain conveyance ˹of the Message˺? It is not their duty to guide.
القرآن:١٦:٣٥ –

وَقَالَ الَّذِينَ أَشْرَكُوا لَوْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ مَا عَبَدْنَا مِنْ دُونِهِ مِنْ شَيْءٍ نَحْنُ وَلَا آبَاؤُنَا وَلَا حَرَّمْنَا مِنْ دُونِهِ مِنْ شَيْءٍ ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ فَعَلَ الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ ۚ فَهَلْ عَلَى الرُّسُلِ إِلَّا الْبَلَاغُ الْمُبِينُ  

{وقال الذين أشركوا} من أهل مكة {لو شاء الله ما عبدنا من دونه من شيء نحن ولا آباؤنا ولا حرمنا من دونه من شيء} من البحائر والسوائب فإشراكنا وتحريمنا بمشيئته فهو راض به، قال تعالى: {كذلك فعل الذين من قبلهم} أي كذبوا ربهم فيما جاءوا به {فهل} فما {على الرسل إلا البلاغ المبين} إلا البلاغ البيِّن وليس عليهم الهداية.
quran:16:36 –

And We certainly sent into every nation a messenger, ˹saying˺, "Worship Allah and avoid Taghut." And among them were those whom Allah guided, and among them were those upon whom error was ˹deservedly˺ decreed. So proceed through the earth and observe how was the end of the deniers.  

And verily We sent forth among every community a messenger, just as We have sent you forth among these ˹Meccans˺, ˹to say˺: ‘Worship God, profess ˹belief in˺ His Oneness, and shun false deities’, graven images, and do not worship them. Then among them were some whom God guided, and they believed, and among them were some who deserved to be in error, according to God’s knowledge, and so they did not believe. So travel, O disbelievers of Mecca, in the land and observe the nature of the consequence of those who denied, their messengers, in that they were destroyed.
القرآن:١٦:٣٦ –

وَلَقَدْ بَعَثْنَا فِي كُلِّ أُمَّةٍ رَسُولًا أَنِ اعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ وَاجْتَنِبُوا الطَّاغُوتَ ۖ فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ هَدَى اللَّهُ وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ حَقَّتْ عَلَيْهِ الضَّلَالَةُ ۚ فَسِيرُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ فَانْظُرُوا كَيْفَ كَانَ عَاقِبَةُ الْمُكَذِّبِينَ  

{ولقد بعثنا في كل أمة رسولاً} كما بعثناك في هؤلاء {أن} بأن {اعبدوا الله} وحدوه {واجتنبوا الطاغوت} الأوثان أن تعبدوها {فمنهم من هدى الله} فآمن {ومنهم من حقت} وجَبَتْ {عليه الضلالة} في علم الله فلم يؤمن {فسيروا} يا كفار مكة {في الأرض فانظروا كيف كان عاقبة المكذبين} رسلهم من الهلاك.
quran:16:37 –

˹Even˺ if you should strive for their guidance, ˹O Muhammad˺, indeed, Allah does not guide those He sends astray, and they will have no helpers.  

If you, O Muhammad (s), are eager for them to be guided, when God has already made them go astray, you will not be able to achieve this: For God does not guide (read passive lā yuhdā ˹?˺, or active lā yahdī) he whom He has ˹already˺ sent astray, he whom He desires to send astray, and they will have no helpers, ˹no˺ protectors from God’s chastisement.
القرآن:١٦:٣٧ –

إِنْ تَحْرِصْ عَلَىٰ هُدَاهُمْ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَهْدِي مَنْ يُضِلُّ ۖ وَمَا لَهُمْ مِنْ نَاصِرِينَ  

{إن تحرص} يا محمد {على هداهم} وقد أضلهم الله لا تقدر على ذلك {فإن الله لا يُهدِي} بالبناء للمفعول وللفاعل {من يضل} من يريد إضلاله {وما لهم من ناصرين} مانعين من عذاب الله.
quran:16:38 –

And they swear by Allah their strongest oaths ˹that˺ Allah will not resurrect one who dies. But yes - ˹it is˺ a true promise ˹binding˺ upon Him, but most of the people do not know.  

And they swear by God their most earnest oaths, in other words, with their utmost earnestness therein, that God will not resurrect the dead. God, exalted be He, says: Nay, He will resurrect them: it is a promise binding upon Him (both wa‘dan and haqqan are verbal nouns, used for emphasis, and are in the accusative because of the verbal actions implicit in them; in other words, He promised that and made it a binding truth) but most people, that is, the people of Mecca, do not know, that.
القرآن:١٦:٣٨ –

وَأَقْسَمُوا بِاللَّهِ جَهْدَ أَيْمَانِهِمْ ۙ لَا يَبْعَثُ اللَّهُ مَنْ يَمُوتُ ۚ بَلَىٰ وَعْدًا عَلَيْهِ حَقًّا وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَ النَّاسِ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ  

{وأقسموا بالله جهد أيمانهم} أي غاية اجتهادهم فيها {لا يبعث الله من يموت} قال تعالى {بلى} يبعثهم {وعداً عليه حقا} مصدران مؤكدان منصوبان بفعلهما المقدر أي وعد ذلك وحقه حقا {ولكن أكثر الناس} أي أهل مكة {لا يعلمون} ذلك.
quran:16:39 –

˹It is˺ so He will make clear to them ˹the truth of˺ that wherein they differ and so those who have disbelieved may know that they were liars.  

That He may make clear to them (li-yubayyina is semantically connected to an implied yab‘athuhum, ‘He will resurrect them’) what they differ, with believers, in, of matters of religion, by punishing them and rewarding the believers, and that the disbelievers may know that they were liars, when they denied the Resurrection.
القرآن:١٦:٣٩ –

لِيُبَيِّنَ لَهُمُ الَّذِي يَخْتَلِفُونَ فِيهِ وَلِيَعْلَمَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا أَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا كَاذِبِينَ  

{ليبين} متعلق ببعثهم المقدر {لهم الذي يختلفون} مع المؤمنين {فيه} من أمر الدين بتعذيبهم وإثابة المؤمنين {وليعلم الذين كفروا أنهم كانوا كاذبين} في إنكار البعث.
quran:16:40 –

Indeed, Our word to a thing when We intend it is but that We say to it, "Be," and it is.  

All that We say to a thing, when We will it, that is, when We will that it come into existence (qawlunā is a subject, the predicate of which is ˹what follows˺) is to say to it ‘Be,’ and it is, in other words, and that ˹thing˺ is (a variant reading ˹for fa-yakūnu˺ has fa-yakūna as a supplement to naqūla). The verse is intended as an affirmation of the power ˹of God˺ to resurrect.
القرآن:١٦:٤٠ –

إِنَّمَا قَوْلُنَا لِشَيْءٍ إِذَا أَرَدْنَاهُ أَنْ نَقُولَ لَهُ كُنْ فَيَكُونُ  

{إنما قوْلنا لشيء إذا أردناه} أي أردنا إيجاده وقولنا مبتدأ خبره {أن نقول له كن فيكونُ} أي فهو يكون وفي قراءة بالنصب عطفاً على نقول والآية لتقرير القدرة على البعث.
quran:16:41 –

And those who emigrated for ˹the cause of˺ Allah after they had been wronged - We will surely settle them in this world in a good place; but the reward of the Hereafter is greater, if only they could know.  

And those who emigrated for God’s cause, to establish His religion, after they had been wronged, through harm, ˹those˺ from among the people of Mecca — these were the Prophet (s) and his Companions — truly We shall lodge them in this world in a goodly lodging, namely, Medina, and the reward of the Hereafter, that is, Paradise, is surely greater, grander, did they but know, that is, the disbelievers — or those who stayed behind and did not emigrate — ˹did they but know˺ the honour that belongs to emigrants, they would have followed them.
القرآن:١٦:٤١ –

وَالَّذِينَ هَاجَرُوا فِي اللَّهِ مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا ظُلِمُوا لَنُبَوِّئَنَّهُمْ فِي الدُّنْيَا حَسَنَةً ۖ وَلَأَجْرُ الْآخِرَةِ أَكْبَرُ ۚ لَوْ كَانُوا يَعْلَمُونَ  

{والذين هاجروا في الله} لإقامة دينه {من بعدما ظلموا} بالأذى من أهل مكة وهم النبي وأصحابه {لنبوِّئَنهم} ننزلهم {في الدنيا} داراً {حسنة} هي المدينة {ولأجر الآخرة} أي الجنة {أكبر} أعظم {لو كانوا يعلمون} أي الكفار أو المتخلفون عن الهجرة ما للمهاجرين من الكرامة لوافقوهم.
quran:16:42 –

˹They are˺ those who endured patiently and upon their Lord relied.  

They are, those who endure, the harm inflicted by the idolaters and ˹endure˺ the emigration in order to make manifest the religion, and put their trust in their Lord, so that He provides for them whence they do not reckon.
القرآن:١٦:٤٢ –

الَّذِينَ صَبَرُوا وَعَلَىٰ رَبِّهِمْ يَتَوَكَّلُونَ  

هم {الذين صبروا} على أذى المشركين والهجرة لإظهار الدين {وعلى ربهم يتوكلون} فيرزقهم من حيث لا يحتسبون.
quran:16:43 –

And We sent not before you except men to whom We revealed ˹Our message˺. So ask the people of the message if you do not know.  

And We did not send before you anything other than men, to whom We revealed, and ˹sent˺ not angels: ‘So ask the followers of the Remembrance, those knowledgeable in the Torah and the Gospels; if you do not know’, that, then they know it, and you are more likely to believe them than the believers are to believe Muhammad (s),
القرآن:١٦:٤٣ –

وَمَا أَرْسَلْنَا مِنْ قَبْلِكَ إِلَّا رِجَالًا نُوحِي إِلَيْهِمْ ۚ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ  

{وما أرسلنا من قبلك إلا رجالاً نوحي إليهم} لا ملائكة {فاسألوا أهل الذكر} العلماء بالتوراة والإنجيل {إن كنتم لا تعلمون} ذلك، فإنهم يعلمونه وأنتم إلى تصديقهم أقرب من تصديق المؤمنين بمحمد ﷺ .
quran:16:44 –

˹We sent them˺ with clear proofs and written ordinances. And We revealed to you the message that you may make clear to the people what was sent down to them and that they might give thought.  

˹We sent them˺ with clear signs (bi’l-bayyināt is semantically connected to an omitted ˹verb˺), namely, We sent them with clear arguments, and the Books and We have revealed to you the Remembrance, the Qur’ān, that you may make clear to mankind what has been revealed to them, therein, in the way of ˹what is˺ lawful and unlawful, and that perhaps they might reflect, upon this and take heed.
القرآن:١٦:٤٤ –

بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ وَالزُّبُرِ ۗ وَأَنْزَلْنَا إِلَيْكَ الذِّكْرَ لِتُبَيِّنَ لِلنَّاسِ مَا نُزِّلَ إِلَيْهِمْ وَلَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ  

{بالبينات} متعلق بمحذوف أي أرسلناهم بالحجج الواضحة {والزُّبُر} الكتب {وأنزلنا إليك الذكر} القرآن {لتبين للناس ما نزل إليهم} فيه من الحلال والحرام {ولعلهم يتفكرون} في ذلك فيعتبرون.
quran:16:45 –

Then, do those who have planned evil deeds feel secure that Allah will not cause the earth to swallow them or that the punishment will not come upon them from where they do not perceive?  

Do they feel secure, those who have schemed evil, schemes against the Prophet (s) at the Council Assembly, ˹schemes˺ such as detaining him, killing him or banishing him, as mentioned in ˹sūrat˺ al-Anfāl ˹Q. 8:30˺, that God will not cause the earth to swallow them, as ˹God did˺ with Qārūn ˹Q. 28:81˺, or that the chastisement will not come upon them whence they are not aware of?, that is, in a way which would not occur to them. Indeed, they were destroyed at Badr even though they had never anticipated it.
القرآن:١٦:٤٥ –

أَفَأَمِنَ الَّذِينَ مَكَرُوا السَّيِّئَاتِ أَنْ يَخْسِفَ اللَّهُ بِهِمُ الْأَرْضَ أَوْ يَأْتِيَهُمُ الْعَذَابُ مِنْ حَيْثُ لَا يَشْعُرُونَ  

{أفأمِنَ الذين مكروا} المكرات {السيئات} بالنبي ﷺ في دار الندوة من تقييده أو قتله أو إخراجه كما ذكر في الأنفال {أن يخسف الله بهم الأرض} كقارون {أو يأتيهم العذاب من حيث لا يشعرون} أي جهة لا تخطر ببالهم وقد أهلكوا ببدر ولم يكونوا يقدّرون ذلك.
quran:16:46 –

Or that He would not seize them during their ˹usual˺ activity, and they could not cause failure?  

Or that He will not seize them in their going to and fro, during their travels for commerce, whereupon they will not be able to escape?, ˹whereupon˺ they will not be able to elude the chastisement.
القرآن:١٦:٤٦ –

أَوْ يَأْخُذَهُمْ فِي تَقَلُّبِهِمْ فَمَا هُمْ بِمُعْجِزِينَ  

{أو يأخذهم في تقلبهم} في أسفارهم للتجارة {فما هم بمعجزين} بفائتي العذاب.
quran:16:47 –

Or that He would not seize them gradually ˹in a state of dread˺? But indeed, your Lord is Kind and Merciful.  

Or that He will not seize them amid ˹growing˺ fear?, ˹amid˺ a gradual diminishing ˹of their numbers˺ little by little, until all are destroyed (‘alā takhawwufin is a circumstantial qualifier referring to the subject of the verb ˹God˺ or the object). Indeed then your Lord is Gentle, Merciful, insofar as He does not hasten for them their punishment.
القرآن:١٦:٤٧ –

أَوْ يَأْخُذَهُمْ عَلَىٰ تَخَوُّفٍ فَإِنَّ رَبَّكُمْ لَرَءُوفٌ رَحِيمٌ  

{أو يأخذهم على تخوف} تنقص شيئاً فشيئاً حتى يهلك الجميع حال من الفاعل أو المفعول {فإن ربكم لرءُوف رحيم} حيث لم يعاجلهم بالعقوبة.
quran:16:48 –

Have they not considered what things Allah has created? Their shadows incline to the right and to the left, prostrating to Allah, while they are humble.  

Or have they not observed the things which God has created, which cast a shadow, such as trees or a mountain, how their shadows incline to the right and to the left (shamā’il is the plural of shimāl), in other words, towards both sides, at the beginning of the day and at its end, prostrating to God (sujjadan is a circumstantial qualifier), that is to say, subservient to Him with respect to what is required of them, and ˹how˺ they, the shadows, are subject?, humbled: they ˹the shadows˺ are likened to rational beings ˹in this description˺.
القرآن:١٦:٤٨ –

أَوَلَمْ يَرَوْا إِلَىٰ مَا خَلَقَ اللَّهُ مِنْ شَيْءٍ يَتَفَيَّأُ ظِلَالُهُ عَنِ الْيَمِينِ وَالشَّمَائِلِ سُجَّدًا لِلَّهِ وَهُمْ دَاخِرُونَ  

{أولم يروْا إلى ما خلق الله من شيء} له ظل كشجرة وجبل {تتفيَّؤ} تتميل {ظلاله عن اليمين والشمائل} جمع شمال أي عن جانبيهما أول النهار وآخره {سجداً لله} حال أي خاضعين له بما يراد منهم {وهم} أي الظلال {داخرون} صاغرون نزلوا منزلة العقلاء.
quran:16:49 –

And to Allah prostrates whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth of creatures, and the angels ˹as well˺, and they are not arrogant.  

And to God prostrates whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth of living creatures, that is, ˹of˺ every single thing that moves thereupon; in other words, to Him it ˹everything˺ is subservient in terms of what is required of it — most of what is given ˹by way of example˺ is non-rational, since these are ˹the more˺ numerous — and the angels ˹also prostrate˺ — these are singled out for mention because of their merit — and they are not arrogant, they do ˹not˺ disdain to worship Him.
القرآن:١٦:٤٩ –

وَلِلَّهِ يَسْجُدُ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ مِنْ دَابَّةٍ وَالْمَلَائِكَةُ وَهُمْ لَا يَسْتَكْبِرُونَ  

{ولله يسجد ما في السماوات وما في والأرض من دابة} أي نسمة تدب عليها أي تخضع له بما يراد منها، وغلب في الإتيان بما لا يعقل لكثرته {والملائكة} خصهم بالذكر تفضيلاً {وهم لا يستكبرون} يتكبرون عن عبادته.
quran:16:50 –

They fear their Lord above them, and they do what they are commanded.  

They, that is, the angels, fear (yakhāfūna is a circumstantial qualifier referring to the person governing ˹the verb˺ yastakbirūna, ‘they are ˹not˺ arrogant’) their Lord from above them (min fawqihim is a circumstantial qualifier referring to ˹the suffixed pronoun˺ -hum ˹of fawqihim˺) in other words, ˹they fear their Lord˺, being High above them with the power to subjugate, and they do what they are commanded, to ˹do˺.
القرآن:١٦:٥٠ –

يَخَافُونَ رَبَّهُمْ مِنْ فَوْقِهِمْ وَيَفْعَلُونَ مَا يُؤْمَرُونَ ۩  

{يخافون} أي الملائكة حال من ضمير يستكبرون {ربهم من فوقهم} حال من هم أي عالياً عليهم بالقهر {ويفعلون ما يؤمرون} به.