A man came to Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! Suppose a man saw another man with his wife, should he kill him whereupon you might kill him (i.e. the killer) (in Qisas) or what should he do?" So Allah revealed concerning their case what is mentioned of the order of Mula'ana. Allah's Apostle said to the man, "The matter between you and your wife has been decided." So they did Mula'ana in the presence of Messenger of Allah ﷺ and I was present there, and then the man divorced his wife. So it became a tradition to dissolve the marriage of those spouses who were involved in a case of Mula'ana. The woman was pregnant and the husband denied that he was the cause of her pregnancy, so the son was (later) ascribed to her. Then it became a tradition that such a son would be the heir of his mother, and she would inherit of him what Allah prescribed for her. (Using translation from Bukhārī 4746)   

أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَتَى رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَرَأَيْتَ رَجُلًا رَأَى مَعَ امْرَأَتِهِ رَجُلًا أَيَقْتُلُهُ فَتَقْتُلُونَهُ أَمْ كَيْفَ يَفْعَلُ بِهِ؟ فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ فِيهَا مَا ذَكَرَ فِي الْقُرْآنِ مِنَ الْمُتَلَاعِنَيْنِ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَدْ قُضِيَ فِيكَ وَفِي امْرَأَتِكَ قَالَ فَتَلَاعَنَا وَأَنَا شَاهِدٌ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنْ أَمْسَكْتُهَا فَقَدْ كَذَبْتُ عَلَيْهَا فَفَارَقَهَا فَجَرَتِ السُّنَّةُ بَعْدُ فِيهِمَا أَنْ يُفَرَّقَ بَيْنَ الْمُتَلَاعِنَيْنِ وَكَانَتْ حَامِلًا فَأَنْكَرَ حَمْلَهَا فَكَانَ ابْنُهَا يُدْعَى إِلَيْهَا ثُمَّ جَرَتِ السُّنَّةُ بَعْدُ فِي الْمِيرَاثِ أَنْ يَرِثَهَا وَتَرِثُ مِنْهُ مَا فَرَضَ اللهُ ﷻ لَهَا  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Allocate the wealth among the rightful heirs according to the Book of Allah ﷻ, and whatever remains shall go to the closest male relative."  

عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ اقْسِمُوا الْمَالَ بَيْنَ أَهْلِ الْفَرَائِضِ عَلَى كِتَابِ اللهِ ﷻ فَمَا بَقِيَ فَلِأَوْلَى رَجُلٍ ذَكَرٍ  

[Machine] A group of people came to Ali, and they argued about the inheritance of the two cursed ones. Then, the son of his father came seeking his inheritance. He said, So he gave his inheritance to his mother and made it a tribe.  

جَاءَ قَوْمٌ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ ؓ فَاخْتَصَمُوا فِي وَلَدِ الْمُتَلَاعِنَيْنِ فَجَاءَ وَلَدُ أَبِيهِ يَطْلُبُونَ مِيرَاثَهُ قَالَ فَجَعَلَ مِيرَاثَهُ لِأُمِّهِ وَجَعَلَهَا عَصَبَةً  

[Machine] And Zaid bin Thabit said to the mother of the third and whatever remains is in the treasury.  

وَقَالَ زَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ لِلْأُمِّ الثُّلُثُ وَمَا بَقِيَ فَفِي بَيْتِ الْمَالِ  

[Machine] "And Abdullah said to his brother, 'What remains is for the mother, for it is her inheritance.' And Zaid said to his mother, 'One-third is for you, and one-sixth is for my brother, and what remains is in the treasury.'"  

وَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ لِلْأَخِ السُّدُسُ وَمَا بَقِيَ فَلِلْأُمِّ؛ فَهِيَ عَصَبَتُهُ وَقَالَ زَيْدٌ لِأُمِّهِ الثُّلُثُ وَلِأَخِيهِ السُّدُسُ وَمَا بَقِيَ فَفِي بَيْتِ الْمَالِ  

[Machine] Zaid is for the sixth brother and for the mother is one-third, and what remains is for the treasury.  

زَيْدٌ لِلْأَخِ السُّدُسُ وَلِلْأُمِّ الثُّلُثُ وَمَا بَقِيَ فَلِبَيْتِ الْمَالِ  

[Machine] Ali is unique and his statement with Zaid is similar to what we mentioned from the authentic Sunnah about Ali in the past.  

عَلِيٍّ ؓ مُخْتَلِفَةٌ وَقَوْلُهُ مَعَ زَيْدٍ أَشْبَهُ بِمَا ذَكَرْنَا مِنَ السُّنَّةِ الصَّحِيحُ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ مَا مَضَى  

[Machine] Regarding the child of the cursed one and the child of adultery - who should inherit from them? They both said, "His mother should inherit her rights, and his siblings from his mother should inherit their rights. And the remaining of his wealth shall be inherited by the freed slaves of his mother, if she was a slave, or if she was an Arab, then she should inherit her rights, and his siblings from their mother should inherit their rights. And the remaining of his wealth shall be inherited by the Muslims." Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) said, "That is the ruling according to us, and it is what I have learned from the knowledgeable people in our land."  

عَنْ وَلَدِ الْمُلَاعَنَةِ وَوَلَدِ الزِّنَا مَنْ يَرِثُهُ فَقَالَا تَرِثُهُ أُمُّهُ حَقَّهَا وَإِخْوَتُهُ مِنْ أُمِّهِ حُقُوقَهُمْ وَيَرِثُ مَا بَقِيَ مِنْ مَالِهِ مَوَالِي أُمِّهِ إِنْ كَانَتْ مَوْلَاةً وَإِنْ كَانَتْ عَرَبِيَّةً وَرِثَتْ حَقَّهَا وَوَرِثَ إِخْوَتُهُ مِنْ أُمِّهِمْ حُقُوقَهُمْ وَوَرِثَ مَا بَقِيَ مِنْ مَالِهِ الْمُسْلِمُونَ قَالَ مَالِكٌ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَذَلِكَ الْأَمْرُ عِنْدَنَا وَالَّذِي أَدْرَكْتُ عَلَيْهِ أَهْلَ الْعِلْمِ بِبَلَدِنَا  

[Machine] And some people said, regarding our statement about them, that there is only one exception: if their mother is an Arab or has no loyalty, then they should return the remaining inheritance to their mother's tribe. And they said, the tribe of his mother is his tribe, and they argued about it with a narration that is not fixed, and another that is not among the proofs.  

وَقَالَ بَعْضُ النَّاسِ بِقَوْلِنَا فِيهِمَا إِلَّا فِي خَصْلَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ؛ إِذَا كَانَتْ أُمُّهُ عَرَبِيَّةً أَوْ لَا وَلَاءَ لَهَا رَدُّوا مَا بَقِيَ مِنْ مِيرَاثِهِ عَلَى عَصَبَةِ أُمِّهِ وَقَالُوا عَصَبَةُ أُمِّهِ عَصَبَتُهُ وَاحْتَجُّوا فِيهِ بِرِوَايَةٍ لَيْسَتْ بِثَابِتَةٍ وَأُخْرَى لَيْسَتْ مِمَّا تَقُومُ بِهَا حُجَّةٌ  

[Machine] Narrated by the Prophet, ﷺ , a woman has three inheritances: her old parents, her children miscarried or alive, and her progeny who have been cursed. Abu Ahmad Umar ibn Ru'bah al-Tughlabi reported it on the authority of Abdul Wahid al-Nasiri. Abu Ahmad said, "I heard Ibn Hammad mention it on the authority of al-Bukhari."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ تَحُوزُ الْمَرْأَةُ ثَلَاثَ مَوَارِيثَ عَتِيقَهَا وَلَقِيطَهَا وَوَلَدَهَا الَّذِي لَاعَنَتْ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ عُمَرُ بْنُ رُؤْبَةَ التَّغْلِبِيُّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْوَاحِدِ النَّصْرِيِّ فِيهِ نَظَرٌ قَالَ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ حَمَّادٍ يَذْكُرُهُ عَنِ الْبُخَارِيِّ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ made the inheritance of the cursed son for his mother and her heirs after her 12,500. He said, "And Musa ibn Amir informed us, narrating from Al-Walid, who informed me from Isa Abu Muhammad, who narrated from Al-'Ala ibn Al-Harith, from Amr ibn Shuayb, from his father, from his grandfather, from the Prophet ﷺ, a similar hadith. The Shaykh said, "The hadith of Makhaul is disconnected, and Isa is the son of Musa, Abu Muhammad Al-Qurashi, there is doubt in it."  

جَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مِيرَاثَ ابْنِ الْمُلَاعَنَةِ لِأُمِّهِ وَلِوَرَثَتِهَا مِنْ بَعْدِهَا 12500 قَالَ وَحَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ عَامِرٍ ثنا الْوَلِيدُ أَخْبَرَنِي عِيسَى أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مِثْلَهُ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ حَدِيثُ مَكْحُولٍ مُنْقَطِعٌ وَعِيسَى هُوَ ابْنُ مُوسَى أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ الْقُرَشِيُّ فِيهِ نَظَرٌ  

[Machine] "I wrote to a brother of mine from the descendants of Zurayq, asking him who inherited the curse of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ? He responded, 'The Messenger of Allah ﷺ decreed it to his mother.' He said, 'She is at the same level as her father and her mother.'"  

كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَخٍ لِي مِنْ بَنِي زُرَيْقٍ لِمَنْ قَضَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِوَلَدِ الْمُلَاعَنَةِ؟ فَقَالَ قَضَى بِهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لِأُمِّهِ قَالَ هِيَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ أَبِيهِ وَمَنْزِلَةِ أُمِّهِ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said: "The characteristics and mindset of a cursed person are inherited from his mother. Muhammad bin Muhammad informed us, Abu Al-Husayn narrated to us, Lu'lu'i narrated to us, Abu Dawud mentioned it as well. This chain of narration is also disconnected, and the scholar Abu Al-Walid, may Allah have mercy on him, has mentioned these reports based on the assumption that if his mother was a freed slave woman. And Allah knows best."  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ وَلَدُ الْمُلَاعَنَةِ عَصَبَتُهُ عَصَبَةُ أُمِّهِ أَخْبَرَنَاهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ أنا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ ثنا اللُّؤْلُؤِيُّ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ فَذَكَرَهُ وَهَذَا أَيْضًا مُنْقَطِعٌ وَقَدْ حَمَلَ الْأُسْتَاذُ أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ هَذِهِ الْأَخْبَارَ عَلَى مَا لَوْ كَانَتْ أُمُّهُ مَوْلَاةَ الْعَتَاقَةِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ  

The Prophet ﷺ said: There is no prostitution in Islam. If anyone practised prostitution in pre-Islamic times, the child will be attributed to the master (of the slave-woman). He who claims his child without a valid marriage or ownership will neither inherit nor be inherited. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2264)   

أَنَّهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَا مُسَاعَاةَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ مَنْ سَاعَى فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَقَدْ لَحِقَ بِعَصَبَتِهِ وَمَنِ ادَّعَى وَلَدًا مِنْ غَيْرِ رِشْدَةٍ فَلَا يَرِثُ وَلَا يُورَثُ  

The Prophet ﷺ decided regarding one who was treated as a member of a family after the death of his father, to whom he was attributed when the heirs said he was one of them, that if he was the child of a slave-woman whom the father owned when he had intercourse with her, he was included among those who sought his inclusion, but received none of the inheritance which was previously divided; he, however, received his portion of the inheritance which had not already been divided; but if the father to whom he was attributed had disowned him, he was not joined to the heirs. If he was a child of a slave-woman whom the father did not possess or of a free woman with whom he had illicit intercourse, he was not joined to the heirs and did not inherit even if the one to whom he was attributed is the one who claimed paternity, since he was a child of fornication whether his mother was free or a slave. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2265)   

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَضَى أَنَّ كُلَّ مُسْتَلْحَقٍ اسْتُلْحِقَ بَعْدَ أَبِيهِ الَّذِي يُدْعَى إِلَيْهِ فَادَّعَاهُ وَرَثَتُهُ مِنْ بَعْدُ فَقَضَى إِنْ كَانَ مِنْ أَمَةٍ يَمْلِكُهَا يَوْمَ أَصَابَهَا فَقَدْ لَحِقَ بِمَنِ اسْتَلْحَقَهُ لَيْسَ لَهُ فِيمَا قُسِمَ قَبْلَهُ مِنَ الْمِيرَاثِ شَيْءٌ وَمَنْ أَدْرَكَ الْمِيرَاثَ لَمْ يُقْسَمْ فَلَهُ نَصِيبُهُ وَلَا يَلْحَقُ إِذَا كَانَ أَبُوهُ الَّذِي يُدْعَى لَهُ أَنْكَرَهُ فَإِنْ كَانَ مِنْ أَمَةٍ لَا يَمْلِكُهَا أَوْ مِنْ حُرَّةٍ عَاهَرَ بِهَا فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَلْحَقُ وَلَا يَرِثُ وَإِنْ كَانَ أَبُوهُ الَّذِي يُدْعَى لَهُ هُوَ ادَّعَاهُ فَهُوَ وَلَدُ زِنًا لِأَهْلِ أُمِّهِ مَنْ كَانُوا حُرَّةً أَوْ أَمَةً 12505 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ أنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ ثنا مَحْمُودُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ ثنا أَبِي عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ بِإِسْنَادِهِ وَمَعْنَاهُ وَزَادُوا ذَلِكَ فِيمَا اسْتُلْحِقَ فِي أَوَّلِ الْإِسْلَامِ فَمَا اقْتُسِمَ مِنْ مَالٍ قَبْلَ الْإِسْلَامِ فَقَدْ مَضَى  

[Machine] "And we said: When the Magian man converts to Islam and his wife, daughter, or sister becomes his wife, we look into the two greatest lineages and we pass it down to him. And we discard the other lineage. The greater of the two we establish in all cases. So if she is a mother or a sister, we pass it down as a mother, because a mother is established in all cases, while a sister can be removed. And so it is with all their obligations in these situations. And some people say we pass it down from both sides together."  

وَقُلْنَا إِذَا أَسْلَمَ الْمَجُوسِيُّ وَابْنَةُ الرَّجُلِ امْرَأَتُهُ أَوْ أُخْتُهُ أُمُّهُ نَظَرْنَا إِلَى أَعْظَمِ النَّسَبَيْنِ فَوَرَّثْنَاهَا بِهِ وَأَلْقَيْنَا الْأُخْرَى وَأَعْظَمُهُمَا أَثْبَتُهُمَا بِكُلِّ حَالٍ فَإِذَا كَانَتْ أُمًّا أُخْتًا وَرَّثْنَاهَا بِأَنَّهَا أُمٌّ وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ الْأُمَّ قَدْ ثَبَتَتْ فِي كُلِّ حَالٍ وَالْأُخْتَ قَدْ تَزُولُ وَهَكَذَا جَمِيعُ فَرَائِضِهِمْ عَلَى هَذِهِ الْمَنَازِلِ وَقَالَ بَعْضُ النَّاسِ أُوَرِّثُهَا مِنَ الْوَجْهَيْنِ مَعًا  

[Machine] About Al-Hasan, in his residence there was his daughter or his sister, a woman who belonged to him. When she dies, he said, she will inherit from the closest two relatives.  

عَنِ الْحَسَنِ فِي مَجُوسِيٍّ تَحْتَهُ ابْنَتُهُ أَوْ أُخْتُهُ امْرَأَةٌ لَهُ فَيَمُوتُ قَالَ تَرِثُ بِأَدْنَى الْقَرَابَتَيْنِ  

[Machine] It is inherited by the closer one of them.  

يُوَرَّثُ بِأَقْرَبِهِمَا  

[Machine] He said that he inherits from the lesser of the two conditions and does not inherit from two faces, and that is according to what Abu Abdullah al-Hafiz allowed me to narrate from him, from Abu al-Walid al-Faqih, Musa ibn Sahl, Abdul Ghani, and Ayoub al-Khuzai, with his chain of narration to Zaid.  

أَنَّهُ قَالَ يَرِثُ بِأَدْنَى الْأَمْرَيْنِ وَلَا يَرِثُ مِنْ وَجْهَيْنِ وَذَلِكَ فِيمَا أَجَازَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ رِوَايَتَهُ عَنْهُ عَنْ أَبِي الْوَلِيدِ الْفَقِيهِ ثنا مُوسَى بْنُ سَهْلٍ ثنا عَبْدُ الْغَنِيِّ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ الْخُزَاعِيِّ بِسَنَدِهِ إِلَى زَيْدٍ  

[Machine] They inherit one of two ways: the way that is permissible and has been narrated from Umar ibn Abdul Aziz, may Allah have mercy on him, and the way of Mak'hul.  

يَرِثُونَ بِأَحَدِ الْوَجْهَيْنِ الْوَجْهِ الَّذِي يَحِلُّ وَرُوِيَ هَذَا الْقَوْلُ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَمَكْحُولٍ  

[Machine] "Ali used to inherit the Magians from both sides, if his mother or his wife or his sister or his daughter were to die. Al-Hasan ibn Umarah was left behind."  

أَنَّ عَلِيًّا ؓ كَانَ يُوَرِّثُ الْمَجُوسَ مِنَ الْوَجْهَيْنِ جَمِيعًا إِذَا كَانَتْ أُمَّهُ أَوِ امْرَأَتَهُ أَوْ أُخْتَهُ أَوِ ابْنَتَهُ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عُمَارَةَ مَتْرُوكٌ  

[Machine] Ibn Mas'ood said, "Regarding the Magians, they inherit from two places." Sufyan said, "I was informed by Ibrahim that he used to inherit from the Magians from two places." The sheikh narrated from the companions in this matter, and it is not strong.  

وَابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ ؓ أَنَّهُمَا قَالَا فِي الْمَجُوسِ يُوَرَّثُ مِنْ مَكَانَيْنِ قَالَ سُفْيَانُ بَلَغَنِي عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يُوَرِّثُ الْمَجُوسَ مِنْ مَكَانَيْنِ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ الرِّوَايَاتُ عَنِ الصَّحَابَةِ فِي هَذَا الْبَابِ لَيْسَتْ بِالْقَوِيَّةِ  

[Machine] Look at the direction of urine flow and redirect it away.  

انْظُرُوا مَسِيلَ الْبَوْلِ فَوَرِّثُوهُ مِنْهُ  

[Machine] Ali inherits from where he urinates.  

عَلِيٌّ ؓ يُوَرَّثُ مِنْ حَيْثُ يَبُولُ  

[Machine] Ali, if something comes out from the route of the male organ, then it is a boy. And if something comes out from the route of the female organ, then it is a girl.  

عَلِيٌّ ؓ إِنْ بَالَ مِنْ مَجْرَى الذَّكَرِ فَهُوَ غُلَامٌ وَإِنْ بَالَ مِنْ مَجْرَى الْفَرْجِ فَهُوَ جَارِيَةٌ  

[Machine] Sad inherits from where he precedes.  

سَعِيدٌ يُوَرَّثُ مِنْ حَيْثُ يَسْبِقُ  

[Machine] He approaches a wall and then urinates. If he hits the wall, he is a boy, but if it flows between his thighs, he is a girl. It has been narrated in a weak hadith with a weak chain of narration.  

يَقُومُ فَيَدْنُو مِنْ حَائِطٍ ثُمَّ يَبُولُ فَإِنْ أَصَابَ الْحَائِطَ فَهُوَ غُلَامٌ وَإِنْ سَالَ بَيْنَ فَخِذَيْهِ فَهُوَ جَارِيَةٌ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ فِيهِ حَدِيثٌ مُسْنَدٌ بِإِسْنَادٍ ضَعِيفٍ  

[Machine] That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was asked about a child who was born to him, with a rooster and a male, from where will he inherit? The Prophet ﷺ said, "He will inherit based on where Muhammad ibn al-Sa'ib al-Kalbi urinates, which cannot be used as evidence."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ سُئِلَ عَنْ مَوْلُودٍ وُلِدَ لَهُ قُبُلٌ وَذَكَرٌ مِنْ أَيْنَ يُوَرَّثُ؟ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يُوَرَّثُ مِنْ حَيْثُ يَبُولُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ السَّائِبِ الْكَلْبِيُّ لَا يُحْتَجُّ بِهِ  

[Machine] That Abdullah ibn Awf migrated to the Prophet ﷺ and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ established brotherhood between him and Saad ibn Rabi'i.  

أَنَّ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ عَوْفٍ هَاجَرَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَآخَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ سَعْدِ بْنِ الرَّبِيعِ  

[Machine] That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ established a brotherhood between Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah and Abu Talhah.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ آخَى بَيْنَ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ بْنِ الْجَرَّاحِ وَبَيْنَ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ  

[Machine] That the Prophet ﷺ had a close relationship between Zubair and Abdullah bin Masood.  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ آخَى بَيْنَ الزُّبَيْرِ وَبَيْنَ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ  

[Machine] "That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'There is no oath in Islam?' So Anas said, 'The Messenger of Allah ﷺ swore an oath between the Quraysh and the Ansar in his house, meaning the house of Anas in Madinah.'"  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ لَا حِلْفَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ ؟ فَقَالَ أَنَسٌ قَدْ حَالَفَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بَيْنَ قُرَيْشٍ وَالْأَنْصَارِ فِي دَارِهِ يَعْنِي دَارَ أَنَسٍ بِالْمَدِينَةِ  

[Machine] The Prophet of Allah ﷺ said that there is no swearing in Islam, and any oath taken during the pre-Islamic era only adds severity to Islam.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ لَا حِلْفَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ وَأَيُّمَا حِلْفٍ كَانَ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَإِنَّ الْإِسْلَامَ لَمْ يَزِدْهُ إِلَّا شِدَّةً كَذَا  

[Machine] In His statement {And those who have established their oaths, give them their share} [An-Nisa 33], it is said that when the immigrants arrived in Madinah, the Ansar bequeathed their inheritance to the Muslims beyond their own relatives due to the brotherhood that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had established among them. Then, when the verse {And for all, We have made heirs to what the parents and close relatives leave behind} [An-Nisa 33] was revealed, it was abrogated by the verse {And those who have established their oaths, give them their share} [An-Nisa 33] regarding victory, advice, and support. 12526 Abu Ali Al-Ruzbary informed us that Muhammad ibn Bakr informed us that Abu Dawud informed us that Harun ibn Abdullah informed us that Abu Usamah mentioned it in a similar manner, adding inheritance, support, and assistance.  

فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {وَالَّذِينَ عَقَدَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ فَآتُوهُمْ نَصِيبَهُمْ} [النساء 33] قَالَ كَانَ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ حِينَ قَدِمُوا الْمَدِينَةَ تُوَرَّثُ الْأَنْصَارَ دُونَ ذَوِي رَحِمِهِمْ لِلْأُخُوَّةِ الَّتِي آخَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بَيْنَهُمْ فَلَمَّا نَزَلَتْ {وَلِكُلٍّ جَعَلْنَا مَوَالِيَ مِمَّا تَرَكَ الْوَالِدَانِ وَالْأَقْرَبُونَ} [النساء 33] قَالَ فَنَسَخَتْهَا قَالَ {وَالَّذِينَ عَقَدَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ فَآتُوهُمْ نَصِيبَهُمْ} [النساء 33] مِنَ النَّصْرِ وَالنَّصِيحَةِ 12526 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ أنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ ثنا هَارُونُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ ثنا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ فَذَكَرَهُ بِنَحْوِهِ زَادَ مِنَ النَّصْرِ وَالنَّصِيحَةِ وَالرِّفَادَةِ وَيُوصِي لَهُ وَقَدْ ذَهَبَ الْمِيرَاثُ  

To those also, to whom your right hand was pledged, give their due portion. A man made an agreement with another man (in early days of Islam), and there was no relationship between the ; one of them inherited from the other. The following verse of Surat Al-Anfal abrogated it: "But kindred by blood have prior right against each other." (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2921)   

{وَالَّذِينَ عَقَدَتَ أَيْمَانُكُمْ فَآتُوهُمْ نَصِيبَهُمْ} [النساء 33] كَانَ الرَّجُلُ يُحَالِفُ الرَّجُلَ لَيْسَ بَيْنَهُمَا نَسَبٌ فَيَرِثُ أَحَدُهُمَا الْآخَرُ فَنَسَخَ ذَلِكَ الْأَنْفَالُ فَقَالَ {وَأُولُو الْأَرْحَامِ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلَى بِبَعْضٍ} [الأحزاب 6]  

[Machine] Narrated by Ibn Abbas: "And those who believed and emigrated" [Quran 8:74] "And those who believed and did not emigrate" [Quran 8:72], so the Arab would not inherit the Muhajir, nor would the Muhajir inherit him. And this was abrogated by "And blood relations among each other are more entitled to inheritance in the decree" [Quran 33:6].  

عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ {وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَهَاجَرُوا} [الأنفال 74] {وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَلَمْ يُهَاجِرُوا} [الأنفال 72] فَكَانَ الْأَعْرَابِيُّ لَا يَرِثُ الْمُهَاجِرِيَّ وَلَا يَرِثُهُ الْمُهَاجِرُ فَنَسَخَتْهَا {وَأُولُو الْأَرْحَامِ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلَى بِبَعْضٍ } [الأحزاب 6]  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ fostered brotherhood among his companions and they inherited from one another until this verse was revealed: "The relatives are more entitled to inheritance in the decree of Allah." [Al-Ahzab: 6] So they abandoned that and started inheriting based on blood relationships.  

آخَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بَيْنَ أَصْحَابِهِ وَوَرَّثَ بَعْضَهُمْ مِنْ بَعْضٍ حَتَّى نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ {وَأُولُو الْأَرْحَامِ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلَى بِبَعْضٍ} [الأحزاب 6] فَتَرَكُوا ذَلِكَ وَتَوَارَثُوا بِالنَّسَبِ  

It was narrated from 'Aishah that Abu Hudhaifah bin 'Utbah bin Rabi'ah bin 'Abd Shams --who was one of those who had been present at Badr with the Messenger of Allah-- adopted Salim and married him to his brother's daughter, Hind bint Al-Walid bin 'Utbah bin Rabi'ah bin 'Abd Shams, and he was a freed slave of an Ansari woman --as the Messenger of Allah had adopted Zaid. During the Jahiliyyah, if a man adopted someone, the people would call him his son, and he would inherit from his legacy, until Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, revealed about that: 'Call them by (the names of) their fathers, that is more just with Allah. But if you know not their fathers' (names, call them) your brothers in Faith and Mawalikum (your freed slaves)." Then if a person's father's name was not known, he would be their freed slave and brother in faith. (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3223)   

أَنَّ أَبَا حُذَيْفَةَ بْنَ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ شَمْسٍ وَكَانَ مِمَّنْ شَهِدَ بَدْرًا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ تَبَنَّى سَالِمًا وَزَوَّجَهُ ابْنَةَ أَخِيهِ هِنْدَ بِنْتَ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ وَهُوَ مَوْلًى لِامْرَأَةٍ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ كَمَا تَبَنَّى النَّبِيُّ ﷺ زَيْدًا وَكَانَ مَنْ تَبَنَّى رَجُلًا فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ دَعَاهُ النَّاسُ ابْنَهُ وَوَرِثَ مِنْ مِيرَاثِهِ حَتَّى أَنْزَلَ اللهُ ﷻ فِي ذَلِكَ {ادْعُوهُمْ لِآبَائِهِمْ هُوَ أَقْسَطُ عِنْدَ اللهِ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَعْلَمُوا آبَاءَهُمْ فَإِخْوَانُكُمْ فِي الدِّينِ وَمَوَالِيكُمْ} [الأحزاب 5] فَرُدُّوا إِلَى آبَائِهِمْ فَمَنْ لَمْ يُعْلَمْ لَهُ أَبٌ كَانَ مَوْلًى وَأَخًا  

[Machine] To give them portion in the will and Allah has returned the inheritance to them in the slaves, relatives, and the family, and He refused to give any share of inheritance to those who claimed and adopted them, but He gave them a portion in the will, so what they agreed upon in the inheritance that Allah has returned to us, their matter was done.  

أَنْ يَجْعَلَ لَهُمْ نَصِيبًا فِي الْوَصِيَّةِ وَرَدَّ اللهُ الْمِيرَاثَ فِي الْمَوَالِي وَفِي الرَّحِمِ وَالْعَصَبَةِ وَأَبَى أَنْ يَجْعَلَ لِلْمُدَّعِينَ مِيرَاثًا مِمَّنِ ادَّعَاهُمْ وَتَبَنَّاهُمْ وَلَكِنْ جَعَلَ لَهُمْ نَصِيبًا فِي الْوَصِيَّةِ فَكَانَ مَا تَعَاقَدُوا عَلَيْهِ فِي الْمِيرَاثِ الَّذِي رَدَّ اللهُ عَلَيْنَا فِيهِ أَمْرَهُمْ  

[Machine] In His saying, "And what is recited to you in the Book concerning orphan women" [An-Nisa 127], in the beginning of this Surah about inheritance, He said: They used to not give inheritance to a minor until he reaches puberty.  

فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى {وَمَا يُتْلَى عَلَيْكُمْ فِي الْكِتَابِ فِي يَتَامَى النِّسَاءِ} [النساء 127] فِي أَوَّلِ هَذِهِ السُّورَةِ مِنَ الْمَوَارِيثِ قَالَ كَانُوا لَا يُوَرِّثُونَ صَبِيًّا حَتَّى يَحْتَلِمَ