34. Inheritance

٣٤۔ كِتَابُ الْفَرَائِضِ

34.16 [Machine] The obligation of the husband and wife

٣٤۔١٦ بَابُ فَرْضِ الزَّوْجِ وَالزَّوْجَةِ

bayhaqi:12292Abū ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥāfiẓ > ʿAbd al-Raḥman b. al-Ḥasan al-Qāḍī > Ibrāhīm b. al-Ḥusayn > Ādam b. Abū Iyās > And Rqāʾ > Ibn Abū Najīḥ > ʿAṭāʾ b. Abū Rabāḥ

[Machine] In His saying, "Allah instructs you concerning your children: for the male, what is equal to the share of two females" [Quran 4:11], it is mentioned that inheritance was for the child and the will was for the parents. So, Allah abrogated from that which He preferred and made the share of the male child equal to two females, and He made for the parents one-sixth each, and He made for the husband half or one-fourth, and He made for the wife one-fourth or one-eighth.  

البيهقي:١٢٢٩٢أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أَخْبَرَنِي عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ثنا آدَمُ بْنُ أَبِي إِيَاسٍ ثنا وَرْقَاءُ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ أَبِي رَبَاحٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ

فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {يُوصِيكُمُ اللهُ فِي أَوْلَادِكُمْ لِلذَّكَرِ مِثْلُ حَظِّ الْأُنْثَيَيْنِ} [النساء 11] قَالَ كَانَ الْمِيرَاثُ لِلْوَلَدِ وَكَانَتِ الْوَصِيَّةُ لِلْوَالِدَيْنِ فَنَسَخَ اللهُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ مَا أَحَبَّ فَجَعَلَ لِلْوَلَدِ الذَّكَرِ مِثْلَ حَظِّ الْأُنْثَيَيْنِ وَجَعَلَ لِلْوَالِدَيْنِ السُّدُسَيْنِ وَجَعَلَ لِلزَّوْجِ النِّصْفَ أَوِ الرُّبُعَ وَجَعَلَ لِلْمَرْأَةِ الرُّبُعَ أَوِ الثُّمُنَ  

رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يُوسُفَ عَنْ وَرْقَاءَ
bayhaqi:12293[Chain 1] Abū Saʿīd b. Abū ʿAmr > Abū ʿAbdullāh b. Yaʿqūb > Muḥammad b. Naṣr [Chain 2] Abū Bakr Muḥammad b. Ibrāhīm al-Fārisī > Ismāʿīl b. Aḥmad al-Khallālī > Abū Yaʿlá > Muḥammad b. Bakkār > ʿAbd al-Raḥman b. ʿAbdullāh b. Dhakwān from his father > Khārijah b. Zayd b. Thābit from his father > Maʿānī Hadhih al-Farāʾiḍ And ʾUṣūlahā Kullahā > Zayd b. Thābit Waʾammā al-Tafsīr Fatafsīr Abū al-Zinād > Maʿānī Zayd > Yarith al-a man from Āmraʾatih Idhā Hī Lam Tatruk Walad Walā Walad Ibn al-Niṣf Faʾin Tarakat Walad or Walad Ibn Dhakar or Unthá Warithahā Zawjuhā al-Rubuʿ Lā Yanquṣ from Dhalik Shayʾ Watarith al-Marʾah from Zawjihā Idhā > Lam Yatruk Walad Walā Walad Ibn al-Rubuʿ

[Machine] The man inherits from his wife if she does not leave behind a child or a child of the son half. If she leaves behind a male or female child or a child of the son, her husband inherits a quarter of it, and nothing is deducted from that. The woman inherits from her husband if he does not leave behind a child or a child of the quarter. If he leaves behind a child or a child of the son, his wife inherits an eighth of it.  

البيهقي:١٢٢٩٣وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو أنا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ ح وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْفَارِسِيُّ أنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الْخَلَّالِيُّ أنا أَبُو يَعْلَى قَالَا ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكَّارٍ ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ ذَكْوَانَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ خَارِجَةَ بْنِ زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّ مَعَانِيَ هَذِهِ الْفَرَائِضِ وَأُصُولَهَا كُلَّهَا عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ وَأَمَّا التَّفْسِيرُ فَتَفْسِيرُ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ عَلَى مَعَانِي زَيْدٍ قَالَ

يَرِثُ الرَّجُلُ مِنِ امْرَأَتِهِ إِذَا هِيَ لَمْ تَتْرُكْ وَلَدًا وَلَا وَلَدَ ابْنٍ النِّصْفَ فَإِنْ تَرَكَتْ وَلَدًا أَوْ وَلَدَ ابْنٍ ذَكَرًا أَوْ أُنْثَى وَرِثَهَا زَوْجُهَا الرُّبُعَ لَا يَنْقُصُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ شَيْءٌ وَتَرِثُ الْمَرْأَةُ مِنْ زَوْجِهَا إِذَا هُوَ لَمْ يَتْرُكْ وَلَدًا وَلَا وَلَدَ ابْنٍ الرُّبُعَ فَإِنْ تَرَكَ وَلَدًا أَوْ وَلَدَ ابْنٍ وَرِثَتْهُ امْرَأَتُهُ الثُّمُنَ