34. Inheritance
٣٤۔ كِتَابُ الْفَرَائِضِ
[Machine] The messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Whoever sells a slave that he possesses, his ownership belongs to the buyer unless the buyer stipulates otherwise." Al-Shafi'i said, "When it became clear in the Prophet's ﷺ Sunnah that a slave does not possess wealth and that whatever the slave possesses is owned by their master, and the master is not their biological father or an inheritor, a gift could be given to the slave as if they were a father. We would only give the master who has no inheritance right, and we did not give a slave any inheritance as described, nor anyone in whom freedom, Islam, and innocence from murder are not combined." Sheikh said, and Zaid bin Thabit said the same.
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ بَاعَ عَبْدًا لَهُ مَالٌ فَمَالُهُ لِلْبَائِعِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَشْتَرِطَهُ الْمُبْتَاعُ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ فَلَمَّا كَانَ بَيِّنًا فِي سُنَّةِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّ الْعَبْدَ لَا يَمْلِكُ مَالًا وَأَنَّ مَا يَمْلِكُ الْعَبْدُ فَإِنَّمَا يَمْلِكُهُ سَيِّدُهُ وَلَمْ يَكُنِ السَّيِّدُ بِأَبِي الْمَيِّتِ وَلَا وَارِثٍ سُمِّيَتْ لَهُ فَرِيضَةٌ فَكُنَّا لَوْ أَعْطَيْنَا الْعَبْدَ بِأَنَّهُ أَبٌ إِنَّمَا أَعْطَيْنَا السَّيِّدَ الَّذِي لَا فَرِيضَةَ لَهُ فَوَرَّثْنَا غَيْرَ مَنْ وَرَّثَ اللهُ فَلَمْ نُوَرِّثْ عَبْدًا لِمَا وَصَفْتُ وَلَا أَحَدًا لَمْ يَجْتَمِعْ فِيهِ الْحُرِّيَّةُ وَالْإِسْلَامُ وَالْبَرَاءَةُ مِنَ الْقَتْلِ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ وَبِهِ قَالَ زَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ