34. Inheritance
٣٤۔ كِتَابُ الْفَرَائِضِ
[Machine] He has a man who spent the first part of this year somewhere other than here. He asked, "How did I spend it?" He said, "You made it for the siblings from the mother, and you did not make anything for the siblings from the father and mother." He said, "This is what we have decided on, and this is what we have decided on." And he narrated from Abu Al-Husayn, I am Abdullah, narrated by Ya'qub, narrated by Zaid bin Mubarak, from Ibn Thawr, from Ma'mar, from Simak, from Wahb, from Al-Hakam bin Mas'ud Al-Thaqafi, similar to Umar bin Khattab. And it was also narrated by Sufyan bin 'Uyaynah and 'Abdul Razzaq, from Ma'mar. They said in the chain, "Mas'ud bin Al-Hakam said, 'Ya'qub bin Sufyan, this is a mistake, it is actually Al-Hakam bin Mas'ud.'" And Mas'ud bin Al-Hakam is Zurqi, and the one who narrated from him is Wahb bin Munabbih. It is actually Al-Hakam bin Mas'ud, who is Thaqafi.
لَهُ رَجُلٌ قَضَيْتَ فِي هَذَا عَامَ أَوَّلَ بِغَيْرِ هَذَا قَالَ كَيْفَ قَضَيْتُ؟ قَالَ جَعَلْتَهُ لِلْإِخْوَةِ مِنَ الْأُمِّ وَلَمْ تَجْعَلْ لِلْإِخْوَةِ مِنَ الْأَبِ وَالْأُمِّ شَيْئًا قَالَ تِلْكَ عَلَى مَا قَضَيْنَا وَهَذَا عَلَى مَا قَضَيْنَا 12468 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ أنا عَبْدُ اللهِ ثنا يَعْقُوبُ ثنا زَيْدُ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ عَنِ ابْنِ ثَوْرٍ عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ عَنْ سِمَاكٍ عَنْ وَهْبٍ عَنِ الْحَكَمِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ الثَّقَفِيِّ عَنْ عُمَرَ بِنَحْوِهِ وَرَوَاهُ سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ وَعَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ قَالَا فِي إِسْنَادِهِ مَسْعُودُ بْنُ الْحَكَمِ قَالَ يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ هَذَا خَطَأٌ إِنَّمَا هُوَ الْحَكَمُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ قَالَ وَمَسْعُودُ بْنُ الْحَكَمِ زُرَقِيٌّ وَالَّذِي رَوَى عَنْهُ وَهْبُ بْنُ مُنَبِّهٍ إِنَّمَا هُوَ الْحَكَمُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ ثَقَفِيٌّ
[Machine] A man said, "O Amir al-Mu'minin, indeed you did not differentiate between them on such and such a year." Umar said, "That was based on what we ruled on that day, and this is based on what we ruled today." The wording of the hadith is from Abdul Razzaq. Ya'qub ibn Sufyan said, "This is a mistake; it is actually Hakam ibn Mas'ud and its meaning is from Bukhari 12470." Abu al-Husayn informed us, "I am Abdullah; Ya'qub informed us; Saeed ibn Mansur informed us; Ismail ibn Ibrahim informed us; and Muhammad ibn Amr ibn Alqamah informed us that Mas'ud ibn al-Hakam was Zuraqiyy, and Wahb ibn Munabbih narrated from him. It is indeed Hakam ibn Mas'ud al-Thaqafi."
رَجُلٌ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنَّكَ لَمْ تُشَرِّكْ بَيْنَهُمْ عَامَ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَقَالَ عُمَرُ تِلْكَ عَلَى مَا قَضَيْنَا يَوْمَئِذٍ وَهَذِهِ عَلَى مَا قَضَيْنَا الْيَوْمَ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ عَبْدِ الرَّزَّاقِ قَالَ يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ هَذَا خَطَأٌ؛ إِنَّمَا هُوَ الْحَكَمُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ وَبِمَعْنَاهُ قَالَ الْبُخَارِيُّ 12470 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ أنا عَبْدُ اللهِ ثنا يَعْقُوبُ ثنا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ ثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ أنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ عَلْقَمَةَ أَنَّ مَسْعُودَ بْنَ الْحَكَمِ زُرَقِيٌّ وَالَّذِي رَوَى عَنْهُ وَهْبُ بْنُ مُنَبِّهٍ إِنَّمَا هُوَ الْحَكَمُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ الثَّقَفِيُّ
[Machine] That Omar divided between the siblings from the father's side and the mother's side and between the siblings from the mother's side in the third portion.
أَنَّ عُمَرَ أَشْرَكَ بَيْنَ الْإِخْوَةِ مِنَ الْأَبِ وَالْأُمِّ وَبَيْنَ الْإِخْوَةِ مِنَ الْأُمِّ فِي الثُّلُثِ
وَأَنَّ عَلِيًّا ؓ لَمْ يُشَرِّكْ بَيْنَهُمْ
[Machine] They gifted their fathers a donkey, which only brought them closer and divided them into three parts.
هَبُوا أَبَاهُمْ كَانَ حِمَارًا مَا زَادَهُمُ الْأَبُ إِلَّا قُرْبًا وَأَشْرَكَ بَيْنَهُمْ فِي الثُّلُثِ
[Machine] And Abdullah and Zaid said that they said to the husband, "Half is for you, and the sixth is for the mother, and they divided among the brothers from the father and the mother, and the brothers from the mother in the third. And they said, "The father did not increase them except in closeness."
وَعَبْدِ اللهِ وَزَيْدٍ ؓ أَنَّهُمْ قَالُوا لِلزَّوْجِ النِّصْفُ وَلِلْأُمِّ السُّدُسُ وَأَشْرِكُوا بَيْنَ الْإِخْوَةِ مِنَ الْأَبِ وَالْأُمِّ وَالْإِخْوَةِ مِنَ الْأُمِّ فِي الثُّلُثِ وَقَالُوا مَا زَادَهُمُ الْأَبُ إِلَّا قُرْبًا
[Machine] "And Abdullah has a mother, a wife, siblings from his mother, siblings from his father, and half-siblings from his mother's side. The mother's share is one-sixth and the husband's share is half. They share equally between the siblings from the father and the mother, in terms of one-third for both the males and females. They said that the father's share only brings them closer."
وَعَبْدُ اللهِ ؓ فِي أُمٍّ وَزَوْجٍ وَإِخْوَةٍ لِأُمٍّ وَإِخْوَةٍ لِأَبٍ وَأُمٍّ لِلزَّوْجِ النِّصْفُ وَلِلْأُمِّ السُّدُسُ وَشَرِّكَا بَيْنَ الْإِخْوَةِ مِنَ الْأَبِ وَالْأُمِّ وَبَيْنَ الْإِخْوَةِ مِنَ الْأُمِّ فِي الثُّلُثِ ذَكَرُهُمْ وَأُنْثَاهُمْ فِيهِ سَوَاءٌ وَقَالَا مَا زَادَهُمُ الْأَبُ إِلَّا قُرْبًا
[Machine] Abdullah ibn Masood and Zaid ibn Thabit in contrast to this
عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ وَزَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ بِخِلَافِ هَذَا
[Machine] We came to Abdullah with a wife, a mother, and two brothers from the mother's side, and a brother from the father's side and the mother. He said, "The arrows are complete, yet the brother did not receive anything from the father and the mother."
أَتَيْنَا عَبْدَ اللهِ فِي زَوْجٍ وَأُمٍّ وَأَخَوَيْنِ لِأُمٍّ وَأَخٍ لِأَبٍ وَأُمٍّ فَقَالَ قَدْ تَكَامَلَتِ السِّهَامُ وَلَمْ يُعْطِ الْأَخَ مِنَ الْأَبِ وَالْأُمِّ شَيْئًا
[Machine] Abdullah said about a woman who left her husband and her mother and her siblings for her father and her mother and her siblings, he said to the husband the half and to the mother the sixth and to the brothers from the mother the third. The completion of the arrows is not assigned to the brothers from the father and the mother.
قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ فِي امْرَأَةٍ تَرَكَتْ زَوْجَهَا وَأُمَّهَا وَإِخْوَتَهَا لِأَبِيهَا وَأُمِّهَا وَإِخْوَتَهَا لِأُمِّهَا قَالَ لِلزَّوْجِ النِّصْفُ وَلِلْأُمِّ السُّدُسُ وَلِلْإِخْوَةِ مِنَ الْأُمِّ الثُّلُثُ تَكْمِلَةَ السِّهَامِ وَلَمْ يَجْعَلْ لِإِخْوَتِهَا لِأَبِيهَا وَأُمِّهَا شَيْئًا
[Machine] "He said about the partnership, 'O my nephew, the arrows have been completed without you.'"
أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي الْمُشَرَّكَةِ يَا ابْنَ أَخِي تَكَامَلَتِ السِّهَامُ دُونَكَ
[Machine] "Zaid, for the husband, is half and for the mother is a sixth, and for the siblings from the mother is a third, and they did not differentiate between the siblings from the father and the mother with them. And they said, 'They are one unit. If there is any surplus, it is for them, and if there is no surplus, they have nothing.'"
وَزَيْدٌ ؓ لِلزَّوْجِ النِّصْفُ وَلِلْأُمِّ السُّدُسُ وَلِلْإِخْوَةِ مِنَ الْأُمِّ الثُّلُثُ وَلَمْ يُشَرِّكَا بَيْنَ الْإِخْوَةِ مِنَ الْأَبِ وَالْأُمِّ مَعَهُم وَقَالَا همُّ عَصَبَةٍ إِنْ فَضَلَ شَيْءٌ كَانَ لَهُمْ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَفْضُلْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُمْ شَيْءٌ
[Machine] Zaid used to not associate partners with Allah, and he used to give one-third to his siblings, excluding the siblings from the father and mother. Hushaym said, "I countered him and said: Indeed, Zaid used to associate partners with Allah." The Shi'bi narrated to us in this manner from Zaid that he used to say the same as Ali's statement, and I also countered him. He said, "Between you and me is the son of Abi Layla." The sheikh said, "The correct narration in this matter from Zaid ibn Thabit is what has passed, and Mohammed ibn Salim is unique in this narration, and it is not strong. The Shi'bi and Ibrahim al-Nakhai are more knowledgable about the opinion of Abdullah ibn Mas'ud, even if they did not see it from the narration of Abu Qays al-Udi, even if it is connected except that the narration of Abu Qays has a witness. It is possible that he used to say that, then he returned from it to what was confirmed by the opinion of the Shi'bi and al-Nakhai. Allah knows best, as we have narrated from Umar ibn Al-Khattab.
أَنَّ زَيْدًا ؓ كَانَ لَا يُشَرِّكُ كَانَ يَجْعَلُ الثُّلُثَ لِلْإِخْوَةِ لِلْأُمِّ دُونَ الْإِخْوَةِ مِنَ الْأَبِ وَالْأُمِّ قَالَ هُشَيْمٌ وَقَدْ رَدَدْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَقُلْتُ إِنَّ زَيْدًا كَانَ يُشَرِّكُ قَالَ فَإِنَّ الشَّعْبِيَّ حَدَّثَنَا هَكَذَا عَنْ زَيْدٍ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ مِثْلَ قَوْلِ عَلِيٍّ ؓ فَرَدَدْتُ عَلَيْهِ أَيْضًا فَقَالَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَكَ ابْنُ أَبِي لَيْلَى قَالَ الشَّيْخُ الرِّوَايَةُ الصَّحِيحَةُ فِي هَذَا عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ مَا مَضَى وَهَذِهِ الرِّوَايَةُ يَنْفَرِدُ بِهَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَالِمٍ وَلَيْسَ بِالْقَوِيِّ وَالشَّعْبِيُّ وَإِبْرَاهِيمُ النَّخَعِيُّ أَعْلَمُ بِمَذْهَبِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَرَيَاهُ مِنْ رِوَايَةِ أَبِي قَيْسٍ الْأَوْدِيِّ وَإِنْ كَانَتْ مَوْصُولَةً إِلَّا أَنَّ لِرِوَايَةِ أَبِي قَيْسٍ شَاهِدًا؛ فَيُحْتَمَلُ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ عَنْهُ إِلَى مَا تَقَرَّرَ عِنْدَ الشَّعْبِيِّ وَالنَّخَعِيِّ مِنْ مَذْهَبِهِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ كَمَا رُوِّينَا عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ
[Machine] "He allocated a third to the brothers from the mother, and did not include the brothers from the father and mother with them, and said they are a separate group and did not give them any preference."
أَنَّهُ جَعَلَ لِلْإخْوَةِ مِنَ الْأُمِّ الثُّلُثَ وَلَمْ يُشْرِكِ الْإِخْوَةَ مِنَ الْأَبِ وَالْأُمِّ مَعَهُمْ وَقَالَ هُمْ عَصَبَةٌ وَلَمْ يَفْضُلْ لَهُمْ شَيْءٌ
[Machine] "Have you considered, if they were a hundred, would you increase upon the third anything? They said, 'No'. He said, 'Then indeed, I am not to diminish them from it anything'."
أَرَأَيْتَ لَوْ كَانُوا مِائَةً أَكُنْتُمْ تَزِيدُونَ عَلَى الثُّلُثِ شَيْئًا؟ قَالُوا لَا قَالَ فَإِنِّي لَا أُنْقِصُهُمْ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا
[Machine] "And Abu Musa and Ali were both monotheists. Abu Majlaz also narrated it from Ali, through a reliable chain, and Hakim ibn Jabir also narrated it from Ali, through a connected chain. Therefore, it is well-known in reference to Ali."
وَأَبَا مُوسَى ؓ كَانَا لَا يُشَرِّكَانِ وَرَوَاهُ أَيْضًا أَبُو مِجْلَزٍ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ؓ مُرْسَلًا وَحَكِيمُ بْنُ جَابِرٍ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ؓ مَوْصُولًا فَهُوَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ؓ مَشْهُورٌ