34. Inheritance
٣٤۔ كِتَابُ الْفَرَائِضِ
"A man came to the Prophet ﷺ and said" 'My son died, so what do I inherit from him?' He said: 'For you is a sixth.' When he turned to leave,he called him and said: 'For you is another sixth.' So when he turned to leave , he called him saying: 'The last sixth is consumable for you.'" (Using translation from Tirmidhī 2099)
جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ إِنَّ ابْنَ ابْنِي مَاتَ فَمَا لِي مِنْ مِيرَاثِهِ؟ قَالَ لَكَ السُّدُسُ فَلَمَّا وَلَّى دَعَاهُ فَقَالَ لَكَ سُدُسٌ آخَرُ فَلَمَّا وَلَّى دَعَاهُ فَقَالَ إِنَّ السُّدُسَ الْآخَرَ طُعْمَةٌ
[Machine] "Omar asked the people if they knew anything from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ regarding inheritance. Ma'qil replied that he was given one-sixth. Omar asked, 'With whom?' Ma'qil said, 'I don't know.' Omar said, 'You don't know?' In another narration, Yunus ibn Abi Ishaq reported from Abu Ishaq from Amr ibn Maymun who said, 'I performed Hajj with Omar and he asked the people if anyone had heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ mentioning anything about inheritance. Ma'qil ibn Yasar Al-Muzani stood up and said, 'I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ being asked about a duty that involved inheritance, and he gave one-third or one-sixth in it.' Omar asked, 'What is this duty?' Ma'qil replied, 'I don't know.' Omar kicked him and said, 'You don't know? What prevented you from finding out?' In another narration by Yunus in this Hadith, he said, 'He gathered the Companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and allocated a share for inheritance.' Muhammad ibn Yahya reported from Ahmad ibn Khalid Al-Wahbi from Yunus. Ibn Khuzaymah also reported it from Az-Zu`afarani from Shababah from Yunus."
أَنَّ عُمَرَ ؓ سَأَلَ النَّاسَ مِنْ عَلِمَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِي الْجَدِّ شَيْئًا؟ قَالَ مَعْقِلٌ أَعْطَاهُ السُّدُسَ قَالَ مَعَ مَنْ وَيْلَكَ؟ قَالَ لَا أَدْرِي قَالَ لَا دَرَيْتَ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ يُونُسَ بْنِ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ قَالَ حَجَجْتُ مَعَ عُمَرَ فَأَنْشَدَ النَّاسَ مَنْ كَانَ سَمِعَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَذْكُرُ فِي الْجَدِّ شَيْئًا فَقَامَ مَعْقِلُ بْنُ يَسَارٍ الْمُزَنِيُّ فَقَالَ أَنَا سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أُتِيَ بِفَرِيضَةٍ فِيهَا جَدٌّ فَأَعْطَاهُ ثُلُثًا أَوْ سُدُسًا فَقَالَ عُمَرُ مَا الْفَرِيضَةُ؟ قَالَ لَا أَدْرِي فَرَكَلَهُ عُمَرُ وَقَالَ لَا دَرَيْتَ مَا مَنَعَكَ أَنْ تَدْرِيَ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ أُخْرَى عَنْ يُونُسَ فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ قَالَ فَجَمَعَ أَصْحَابَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَجَعَلَ لِلْجَدِّ نَصِيبًا وَرَوَاهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ الْوَهْبِيِّ عَنْ يُونُسَ وَرَوَاهُ ابْنُ خُزَيْمَةَ عَنِ الزَّعْفَرَانِيِّ عَنْ شَبَابَةَ عَنْ يُونُسَ
[Machine] That he does not inherit anything from a deceased father, while the male child and the son of the son are entitled to one-sixth. Other than that, if the deceased does not leave behind a brother or sister from his father, the grandfather inherits and begins with one of them if he shares with the heirs. He is given his share, and if there is any surplus from the money, it belongs to the grandfather. And if there is no surplus, then the grandfather gets more than one-sixth.
أَنَّهُ لَا يَرِثُ مَعَ أَبٍ دُنْيَا شَيْئًا وَهُوَ مَعَ الْوَلَدِ الذَّكَرِ وَمَعَ ابْنِ الِابْنِ يُفْرَضُ لَهُ السُّدُسُ وَفِيمَا سِوَى ذَلِكَ مَا لَمْ يَتْرُكِ الْمُتَوَفَّى أَخًا أَوْ أُخْتًا مِنْ أَبِيهِ يَخْلُفُ الْجَدُّ وَيُبْدَأُ بِأَحَدٍ إِنْ شَرَكَهُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْفَرَائِضِ فَيُعْطَى فَرِيضَتَهُ فَإِنْ فَضَلَ مِنَ الْمَالِ السُّدُسُ فَأَكْثَرُ مِنْهُ كَانَ لِلْجَدِّ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَفْضُلِ السُّدُسُ فَأَكْثَرُ مِنْهُ فَلِلْجَدِّ السُّدُسُ