[Machine] He used to spend his time at home during the month of Ramadan. When the people left the mosque, he took a sip of water, then went to the mosque of the Messenger of Allah, may ﷺ . He did not leave the mosque until he prayed the dawn prayer in it.
أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُومُ فِي بَيْتِهِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَإِذَا انْصَرَفَ النَّاسُ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ أَخَذَ إِدَاوَةً مِنْ مَاءٍ ثُمَّ يَخْرُجُ إِلَى مَسْجِدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ ثُمَّ لَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْهُ حَتَّى يُصَلِّيَ فِيهِ الصُّبْحَ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said that one night during Ramadan, he went out and saw some people praying in a corner of the mosque. He asked, "What are these people doing?" Someone replied, "O Messenger of Allah, these are people who do not have the Qur'an with them, and Ubay ibn Ka'b is reciting it while they pray behind him." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Have they done well or have they erred? They have not disliked it for them." Abu Abdullah al-Hafiz and Abu Sa'id ibn Abi Amr narrated that Abu Abbas Muhammad ibn Ya'qub narrated that Rabi'ah ibn Sulayman narrated that Ibn Wahb informed me that Bakr ibn Mudar and Abdur Rahman ibn Salman al-Hajri narrated it similarly. Ibn Wahb said, "One of them adds a word or something similar to it." The Sheikh (scholar) said, "This is a good Mursal (Hadith), Tha'labah ibn Abi Malik al-Qurathi, from the first generation of the followers of the people of Madinah, and he has a good chain of narrators."
قَالَ خَرَجَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ ذَاتَ لَيْلَةٍ فِي رَمَضَانَ فَرَأَى نَاسًا فِي نَاحِيَةِ الْمَسْجِدِ يُصَلُّونَ فَقَالَ مَا يَصْنَعُ هَؤُلَاءِ؟ قَالَ قَائِلٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ هَؤُلَاءِ نَاسٌ لَيْسَ مَعَهُمْ قُرْآنٌ وَأُبَيُّ بْنُ كَعْبٍ يَقْرَأُ وَهُمْ مَعَهُ يُصَلُّونَ بِصَلَاتِهِ قَالَ قَدْ أَحْسَنُوا أوَ قَدْ أَصَابُوا ولَمْ يَكْرَهْ ذَلِكَ لَهُمْ وَأنبأ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ وَأَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو قَالَا ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبُ أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ ثنا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ أَخْبَرَنِي بَكْرُ بْنُ مُضَرَ وَعَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ سَلْمَانَ الْحَجْرِيُّ فَذَكَرَهُ بِمِثْلِهِ قَالَ ابْنُ وَهْبٍ وَأَحَدُهُمَا يَزِيدُ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ الْكَلِمَةَ وَنَحْوَهَا قَالَ الشَّيْخُ هَذَا مُرْسَلٌ حَسَنٌ ثَعْلَبَةُ بْنُ أَبِي مَالِكٍ الْقُرَظِيُّ مِنَ الطَّبَقَةِ الْأُولَى مِنْ تَابِعِي أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ وَقَدْ
[Machine] We used to take the children from the school, so they would join us during the month of Ramadan, and we would do fried food and khishknanj for them.
ؓ كُنَّا نَأْخُذُ الصِّبْيَانَ مِنَ الْكُتَّابِ؛ لِيَقُومُوا بِنَا فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَنَعْمَلَ لَهُمُ الْقَلِيَّةَ وَالْخِشْكِنَانْجَ
[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ used to pray in the month of Ramadan, outside of congregational prayers, with twenty units (rak'ahs) and would pray the odd (witr) prayer separately. Abu Shu'aybatah Ibrahim ibn Uthman al-Abssi al-Kufi performed this prayer alone, and he was weak.
كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يُصَلِّي فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فِي غَيْرِ جَمَاعَةٍ بِعِشْرِينَ رَكْعَةٍ وَالْوِتْرِ تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ أَبُو شَيْبَةَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ الْعَبْسِيُّ الْكُوفِيُّ وَهُوَ ضَعِيفٌ
[Machine] "And they used to recite the Quran correctly and they used to lean on their staffs during the time of Uthman ibn Affan, due to the intensity of their standing."
وَكَانُوا يَقْرَءُونَ بِالْمَئِينِ وَكَانُوا يَتَوَكَّئُونَ عَلَى عِصِيِّهِمْ فِي عَهْدِ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ ؓ مِنْ شِدَّةِ الْقِيَامِ
[Machine] During the time of Umar ibn Al-Khattab, people used to offer twenty-three units of prayer in Ramadan. It was possible to combine the two narrations (regarding the number of units) because they used to start with eleven units, then perform twenty units before ending with three units of witr prayer. Only Allah knows best.
كَانَ النَّاسُ يَقُومُونَ فِي زَمَانِ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ فِي رَمَضَانَ بِثَلَاثٍ وَعِشْرِينَ رَكْعَةً وَيُمْكِنُ الْجَمْعُ بَيْنَ الرِّوَايَتَيْنِ فَإِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا يَقُومُونَ بِإِحْدَى عَشْرَةَ ثُمَّ كَانُوا يَقُومُونَ بِعِشْرِينَ وَيُوتِرُونَ بِثَلَاثٍ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ
[Machine] He used to lead them in twenty units of prayer during the month of Ramadan, and would perform three units of voluntary prayer after that, which gave him strength for what he engaged in.
أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَؤُمُّهُمْ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ بِعِشْرِينَ رَكْعَةً وَيُوتِرُ بِثَلَاثٍ وَفِي ذَلِكَ قُوَّةٌ لِمَا
[Machine] He called the readers in Ramadan and ordered one of them to pray 20 units of prayer for the people. He said: "And Ali used to make it odd." And it was narrated from another narration from Ali. As for the Taraweeh prayer, it is in accordance with what...
دَعَا الْقُرَّاءَ فِي رَمَضَانَ فَأَمَرَ مِنْهُمْ رَجُلًا يُصَلِّي بِالنَّاسِ عِشْرِينَ رَكْعَةً قَالَ وَكَانَ عَلِيٌّ ؓ يُوتِرُ بِهِمْ وَرُوِيَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ وَأَمَّا التَّرَاوِيحُ فَفِيمَا
[Machine] And perhaps the one who requested to lead them in Taraweeh prayers is Umar ibn Al-Khattab, and Allah knows best.
وَلَعَلَّهُ أَرَادَ مَنْ يُصَلِّي بِهُمُ التَّرَاوِيحَ بِأَمْرِ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ
[Machine] That Ibn Umar used to not perform the Witr prayer except during the second half of Ramadan.
أَنَّ ابْنَ عُمَرَ كَانَ لَا يَقْنُتُ فِي الْوِتْرِ إِلَّا فِي النِّصْفِ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ
[Machine] Ibn Sirin disliked performing the Qunut (supplication) during Witr prayer except during the last half of Ramadan.
كَانَ ابْنُ سِيرِينَ يَكْرَهُ الْقُنُوتَ فِي الْوِتْرِ إِلَّا فِي النِّصْفِ الْأَوَاخِرِ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ
الْقُنُوتُ فِي النِّصْفِ الْأَوَاخِرِ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ
"عن الحارثِ، عن علىٍّ: أنهُ كانَ يقنُتُ فِى النِّصْفِ الأخيرِ منْ رمضانَ".
[Machine] As for the mosques of the congregation, they pray from the first of the month until the end, and as for the people of the city, they pray in the remaining half until its end. A hadith has been narrated about it, but it is weak, and its chain of narration is not valid.
أَمَّا مَسَاجِدُ الْجَمَاعَةِ فَيَقْنُتُونَ مِنْ أَوَّلِ الشَّهْرِ إِلَى آخِرِهِ وَأَمَّا أَهْلُ الْمَدِينَةِ فَإِنَّهُمْ يَقْنُتُونَ فِي النِّصْفِ الْبَاقِي إِلَى انْسِلَاخِهِ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ فِيهِ حَدِيثٌ مُسْنَدٌ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ ضَعِيفٌ لَا يَصِحُّ إِسْنَادُهُ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to observe voluntary worship during the second half of Ramadan until its end. Abu Ahmad Abu Atika Tarif ibn Salman, also known as Ibn Suleiman, a narrator of weak hadith, reported that he heard Ibn Hammad mentioning this narration from Al-Bukhari.
كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَقْنُتُ فِي النِّصْفِ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ إِلَى آخِرِهِ قَالَ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ أَبُو عَاتِكَةَ طَرِيفُ بْنُ سَلْمَانَ وَيُقَالُ ابْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ مُنْكَرُ الْحَدِيثِ سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ حَمَّادٍ يَذْكُرُهُ عَنِ الْبُخَارِيِّ
[Machine] A man asked the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , which prayer is better after the obligatory prayer? He said: The prayer in the middle of the night. He asked: Which fasting is better after Ramadan? He said: The month of Allah, which you call Al-Muharram.
سَأَلَ رَجُلٌ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أِيُّ الصَّلَاةِ أَفْضَلُ بَعْدَ الصَّلَاةِ الْمَكْتُوبَةِ؟ قَالَ الصَّلَاةُ فِي جَوْفِ اللَّيْلِ قَالَ فَأِيُّ الصَّوْمِ أَفْضَلُ بَعْدَ رَمَضَانَ؟ قَالَ شَهْرُ اللهِ الَّذِي تَدْعُونَهُ الْمُحَرَّمَ
[Machine] On the authority of the Prophet, ﷺ , he said: "One of the best prayers after the obligatory prayers is the prayer in the depths of the night. And indeed, the best fasting after the month of Ramadan is the fasting in the month of Allah that you call Al-Muharram." Ahmad ibn Al-Hasan Al-Qadi narrated to us, Hajib ibn Ahmad narrated to us, Muhammad ibn Mu'adh Al-Marwuzi narrated to us, Zakariya ibn Adi narrated to us, and he mentioned it.
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ مِنْ أَفْضَلِ الصَّلَاةِ بَعْدَ الْمَفْرُوضَةِ الصَّلَاةُ فِي جَوْفِ اللَّيْلِ وَإِنَّ أَفْضَلَ الصِّيَامِ بَعْدَ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ شَهْرُ اللهِ الَّذِي تَدْعُونَهُ الْمُحَرَّمَ أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي أنبأ حَاجِبُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ الْمَرُّوذِيُّ ثنا زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ عَدِيٍّ ثنا عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَمْرٍو فَذَكَرَهُ
[Machine] Aisha, the wife of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ , said that her servant, Dhakwan, used to lead her in reciting the Quran during Ramadan, except when Harith narrated the hadith from Ayyub who narrated from Qasim who narrated from Aisha.
عَنْ عَائِشَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهَا كَانَ يَؤُمُّهَا غُلَامُهَا ذَكْوَانُ فِي الْمُصْحَفِ فِي رَمَضَانَ إِلَّا أَنَّ الْحَارِثَ قَالَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , carried out the expedition of Al-Fath (the Conquest) which was the conquest of Mecca. The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , left the city in Ramadan and on that day, he gave Safwan ibn Umayyah one hundred favors, then another hundred, then another hundred. Ibn Shihab said: Sa'id ibn Al-Musayyib narrated to me that Safwan ibn Umayyah said: By Allah, the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , gave me what he gave me, even though he disliked me the most. He did not stop giving me until he became the person whom he loved the most.
غَزَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ غَزْوَةَ الْفَتْحِ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ فَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ فِي رَمَضَانَ فَأَعْطَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَوْمَئِذٍ صَفْوَانَ بْنَ أُمَيَّةَ مِائَةً مِنَ النَّعَمِ ثُمَّ مِائَةً ثُمَّ مِائَةً قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ حَدَّثَنِي سَعِيدُ بْنُ الْمُسَيِّبِ أَنَّ صَفْوَانَ بْنَ أُمَيَّةَ قَالَ وَاللهِ لَقَدْ أَعْطَانِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَا أَعْطَانِي وَإِنَّهُ أَبْغَضُ النَّاسِ إِلِيَّ فَمَا بَرِحَ يُعْطِينِي حَتَّى إِنَّهُ لَأَحَبُّ النَّاسِ إِلِيَّ
[Machine] Regarding his wife, when Ramadan arrives, you are divorced three times. And between him and Ramadan, there are six months. If you regret, Ibn Abbas said: divorce one and complete her waiting period before Ramadan comes. When it passes, he can propose to her if he wishes. And it has been narrated from Al-Hasan Al-Basri that he said about someone who says to his wife: If he talks to his brother, his wife is divorced three times. If he wishes, he can divorce her once, then leave her until her waiting period is completed. When it becomes clear, he can talk to his brother and then marry her after that if he wishes.
لِامْرَأَتِهِ إِذَا جَاءَ رَمَضَانُ فَأَنْتِ طَالِقٌ ثَلَاثًا وَبَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ رَمَضَانَ سِتَّةُ أَشْهُرٍ فَنَدِمَ فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ يُطَلِّقُ وَاحِدَةً فَتَقْضِي عِدَّتَهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَجِيءَ رَمَضَانُ فَإِذَا مَضَى خَطَبَهَا إِنْ شَاءَ وَرُوِّينَا عَنِ الْحَسَنِ الْبَصْرِيِّ أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِيمَنْ قَالَ لِامْرَأَتِهِ إِنْ كَلَّمَ أَخَاهُ فَامْرَأَتُهُ طَالِقٌ ثَلَاثًا فَإِنْ شَاءَ طَلَّقَهَا وَاحِدَةً ثُمَّ تَرَكَهَا حَتَّى تَنْقَضِيَ عِدَّتُهَا فَإِذَا بَانَتْ كَلَّمَ أَخَاهُ ثُمَّ يَتَزَوَّجُهَا بَعْدُ إِنْ شَاءَ
[Machine] She is his wife until Ramadan comes, when he divorces her.
هِيَ امْرَأَتُهُ يَوْمَ طَلَّقَهَا حَتَّى يَجِيءَ رَمَضَانُ
It is sufficient sin for a man that he neglects him whom he maintains. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 1692)
رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ كَفَى بِالْمَرْءِ إِثْمًا أَنْ يُضَيِّعَ مَنْ يَقُوتُ
[Machine] "So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came with a handful of dates and said, 'Take this and give charity with it.' He mentioned it and Ata' said, 'So I asked Sa'id how much of dates were in that handful?' He said, 'Between fifteen to twenty sa's.'"
فَأَتَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِعَرَقِ تَمْرٍ فَقَالَ خُذْ هَذَا فَتَصَدَّقْ بِهِ فَذَكَرَهُ قَالَ عَطَاءٌ فَسَأَلْتُ سَعِيدًا كَمْ فِي ذَلِكَ الْعَرَقِ مِنَ التَّمْرِ؟ قَالَ مَا بَيْنَ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ صَاعًا إِلَى عِشْرِينَ
[Machine] He should speak to his brother, and if he speaks to him, he will be tearing himself apart between the pillar and the corner during the days of Tashreeq. He said, "Oh nephew, inform those behind you that there is no vow in disobedience to Allah. If one were to vow not to fast in Ramadan and then fasted, it would be better for him. And if one were to vow not to pray and then prayed, it would be better for him. Tell your companion to make expiation for his oath and speak to his brother about this from Ibn 'Umar. It is disconnected, and Allah knows best.
يُكَلِّمَ أَخَاهُ فَإِنْ كَلَّمَهُ فَهُوَ يَنْحَرُ نَفْسَهُ بَيْنَ الْمَقَامِ وَالرُّكْنِ فِي أَيَّامِ التَّشْرِيقِ فَقَالَ يَا ابْنَ أَخِي أَبْلِغْ مَنْ وَرَاءَكَ أَنَّهُ لَا نَذْرَ فِي مَعْصِيَةِ اللهِ لَوْ نَذَرَ أَنْ لَا يَصُومَ رَمَضَانَ فَصَامَهُ كَانَ خَيْرًا لَهُ وَلَوْ نَذَرَ أَنْ لَا يُصَلِّيَ فَصَلَّى كَانَ خَيْرًا لَهُ مُرْ صَاحِبَكَ فَلْيُكَفِّرْ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَلْيُكَلِّمْ أَخَاهُ هَذَا عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ ؓ مُنْقَطِعٌ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , said: "The sacrificial animal of Eid Al-Adha replaces every sacrifice, and fasting in Ramadan replaces every fast, and the washing from sexual impurity replaces every washing, and the Zakah replaces every charity." Ali disagreed with Al-Musayyib bin Wadih, from Al-Musayyib bin Sharik, and both of them are weak, and Al-Musayyib bin Sharik is abandoned.
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ نَسَخَ الْأَضْحَى كُلَّ ذَبْحٍ وَصَوْمُ رَمَضَانَ كُلَّ صَوْمٍ وَالْغُسْلُ مِنَ الْجَنَابَةِ كُلَّ غُسْلٍ وَالزَّكَاةُ كُلَّ صَدَقَةٍ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ خَالَفَهُ الْمُسَيِّبُ بْنُ وَاضِحٍ عَنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ بْنِ شَرِيكٍ وَكِلَاهُمَا ضَعِيفٌ وَالْمُسَيِّبُ بْنُ شَرِيكٍ مَتْرُوكٌ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Zakat (obligatory charity) has abrogated every form of voluntary charity in the Quran, and the purification from sexual impurity has abrogated every form of ritual purification, and the fasting of Ramadan has abrogated every other form of fasting, and the sacrifice of Eid al-Adha has abrogated every form of animal slaughter."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ نَسَخَتِ الزَّكَاةُ كُلَّ صَدَقَةٍ فِي الْقُرْآنِ وَنَسَخَ غُسْلُ الْجَنَابَةِ كُلَّ غُسْلٍ وَنَسَخَ صَوْمُ رَمَضَانَ كُلَّ صَوْمٍ وَنَسَخَ الْأَضْحَى كُلَّ ذَبْحٍ
"نَسَخَتِ الزَّكَاةُ كُلَّ صَدَقَةٍ في القُرآنِ، وَنَسَخَ غُسْلُ الجَنَابَةِ كُلَّ غُسْلٍ، وَنَسَخَ صَوْمُ رَمَضانَ كُلَّ صَوْمٍ، وَنَسَخ الأضْحَى كُلَّ ذَبْحٍ".
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Count the crescent of Sha'ban for the month of Ramadan of 7941, and Abu Bakr ibn Al-Harith Al-Faqih informed us that Ali ibn Umar Al-Hafiz narrated to us, Muhammad ibn Makhlad narrated to us, Muslim ibn Al-Hajjaj Abu Al-Husain narrated to us, and Yahya ibn Yahya mentioned it and added to it, 'Do not confuse it with Ramadan unless it coincides with fasting that one of you observes. Fast upon sighting it, and break your fast upon sighting it. But if it is ambiguous to you, then the count should not obscure you.'"
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَحْصُوا هِلَالَ شَعْبَانَ لِرَمَضَانَ 7941 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ الْفَقِيهُ أنبأ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْحَافِظُ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَخْلَدٍ ثنا مُسْلِمُ بْنُ الْحَجَّاجِ أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى فَذَكَرَهُ وَزَادَ فِيهِ وَلَا تَخْلِطُوا بِرَمَضَانَ إِلَّا أَنْ يُوَافِقَ ذَلِكَ صِيَامًا كَانَ يَصُومُهُ أَحَدُكُمْ وَصُومُوا لِرُؤْيَتِهِ وَأَفْطِرُوا لِرُؤْيَتِهِ فَإِنْ غُمَّ عَلَيْكُمْ فَإِنَّهَا لَيْسَتْ تُغَمَّى عَلَيْكُمُ الْعِدَّةُ
"أحْصُوا هلالَ شعبان لرمضان ولا تَخْلِطوا برمضان إلا أن يوافق ذلك صيامًا كان يَصُومُه أحدكم، وصُوموا لرؤيتَه وأفطروا لرؤيته، فإن غُمَّ عليكم فأكملوا العدَّة ثلاثين يومًا؛ فإنها ليست تَعْمَى عليكم العدةُ".
[Machine] From the Prophet ﷺ that he sat on the pulpit and said, "By the One in whose hand is my soul, three times." Then he remained silent, and tears flowed from the eyes of all of us in sadness for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ on his right. Then he said, "There is no servant who performs the five prayers, fasts during Ramadan, and avoids the seven major sins, except that the gates of Paradise will be opened for him on the Day of Judgment, to the point that they will be clapping. Then he recited, 'If you avoid the major sins which you are forbidden, We will remove from you your lesser sins.' In these narrations and others that emphasize the severity of the major sins and the expiation of the minor sins, it confirms the statement of those who differentiate between them in the rejection of the testimony of the one who commits a major sin without committing a minor sin. And from the narrations that indicate that when the minor sins become numerous, they reach the level of the one who commits a major sin in rejecting his testimony and the like."
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ جَلَسَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ ثُمَّ قَالَ وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ ثُمَّ سَكَتَ فَأَكَبَّ كُلُّ رَجُلٍ مِنَّا يَبْكِي حَزِينًا لِيَمِينِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ ثُمَّ قَالَ مَا مِنْ عَبْدٍ يَأْتِي الصَّلَوَاتِ الْخَمْسَ وَيَصُومُ رَمَضَانَ وَيَجْتَنِبُ الْكَبَائِرَ السَّبْعَ إِلَّا فُتِحَتْ لَهُ أَبْوَابُ الْجَنَّةِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ حَتَّى إِنَّهَا لَتَصْفُقُ ثُمَّ تَلَا {إِنْ تَجْتَنِبُوا كَبَائِرَ مَا تُنْهَوْنَ عَنْهُ نُكَفِّرْ عَنْكُمْ سَيِّئَاتِكُمْ} [النساء 31] فَفِي هَذِهِ الْأَخْبَارِ وَمَا جَانَسَهَا مِنَ التَّغْلِيظِ فِي الْكَبَائِرِ وَالتَّكْفِيرِ عَنِ الصَّغَائِرِ مَا يُؤَكِّدُ قَوْلَ مَنْ فَرَّقَ بَيْنَهُمَا بِرَدِّ شَهَادَةِ مَنِ ارْتَكَبَ كَبِيرَةً دُونَ مَنِ ارْتَكَبَ صَغِيرَةً وَمِنَ الْأَخْبَارِ الَّتِي تَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّ الصَّغَائِرَ إِذَا كَثُرَتْ بَلَغَتْ بِصَاحِبِهَا مَبْلَغَ مُرْتَكِبِ الْكَبِيرَةِ فِي رَدِّ الشَّهَادَةِ وَغَيْرِهِ مَا
[Machine] When it was the night on which the Prophet ﷺ received the first revelation of the Qur'an, he performed the Maghrib prayer, and then said, "Indeed, this month is written upon you a month of fasting, and Allah has not prescribed the optional night prayer upon you. So whoever is able to establish it should do so, for it is from the extra good deeds which Allah has prescribed for you. And whoever is not able to do so, let him sleep on his bed and not say, 'I fasted and prayed at night as so-and -so did.' Whoever fasts or prays at night, let him do it for the sake of Allah, and reduce idle talk and nonsense in the houses of Allah. And let each of you know that during the prayer you are waiting for, do not anticipate the beginning of the month from your own calculation or by sighting the moon. Fast when you see it and break the fast when you see it, but if you are unable to see it, then count Sha`ban as thirty days. And do not break the fast until the night is completely dark."
كَانَ عُمَرُ ؓ إِذَا كَانَتِ اللَّيْلَةُ الَّتِي يُشَكُّ فِيهَا مِنْ رَمَضَانَ قَامَ حِينَ يُصَلِّي الْمَغْرِبَ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ هَذَا شَهْرٌ كَتَبَ اللهُ عَلَيْكُمْ صِيَامَهُ وَلَمْ يَكْتُبْ عَلَيْكُمْ قِيَامَهُ فَمَنِ اسْتَطَاعَ مِنْكُمْ أَنْ يَقُومَ فَلْيَقُمْ فَإِنَّهَا مِنْ نَوَافِلِ الْخَيْرِ الَّتِي أَمَرَ اللهُ ﷻ بِهَا وَمَنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ فَلْيَنَمْ عَلَى فِرَاشِهِ وَلَا يَقُلْ قَائِلٌ إِنْ صَامَ فُلَانٌ صُمْتُ وَإِنْ قَامَ فُلَانٌ قُمْتُ فَمَنْ صَامَ أَوْ قَامَ فَلْيَجْعَلْ ذَلِكَ لِلَّهِ ﷻ أَقِلُّوا اللَّغْوَ فِي بُيُوتِ اللهِ ﷻ وَلْيَعْلَمْ أَحَدُكُمْ أَنَّهُ فِي صَلَاةٍ مَا انْتَظَرَ الصَّلَاةَ أَلَا لَا يَتَقَدَّمَنَّ الشَّهْرَ مِنْكُمْ أَحَدٌ صُومُوا لِرُؤْيَتِهِ وَأَفْطِرُوا لِرُؤْيَتِهِ فَإِنْ غُمَّ عَلَيْكُمْ فَعُدُّوا شَعْبَانَ ثَلَاثِينَ ثُمَّ لَا تُفْطِرُوا حَتَّى يَغسِقَ اللَّيْلُ عَلَى الظِّرَابِ
"عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ حَكِيمٍ قَالَ: كَانَ عُمَرُ بِنُ الْخَطَّابِ يَقُولُ إِذَا دَخَلَ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ: أَلَا إِنَّ هَذَا شَهْرٌ كَتَبَ اللهُ علَيْكُمْ صَيَامَهُ، وَلَمْ يَكْتُبْ قِيَامَهُ، فَمَنْ (قَامَ) مِنْكُمْ (فَإِنَّهُ) مِنْ نَوَافِلِ الْخَيْرِ الَّتِي قَالَ اللهُ - ﷻ - وَمَنْ لَا فَلْيَنَمْ عَلَى فِرَاشِهِ، وَلْيَتَّقِ أَحَدُكُمْ أَنْ يَقُولَ: أَصُومُ إِنْ صَام فُلانٌ، أَوْ أَقُومُ إِنْ قَامَ فُلانٌ، مَنْ صَامَ أَوْ قَامَ فلْيَجْعَلْ ذَلِكَ لله، ثُمَّ رَفَعَ يَدَيْه فَقَالَ: أَلَا لَا يَتَقَدَّمِ الشَّهْرَ مِنكُمْ أَحَدٌ، أَلَا لَا تَصُومُوا حَتَّى تَرَوْهُ، فَإِنْ أُغْمِيَ عَلَيْكُمْ فَأَتِمُّوا الْعِدَّةَ ثَلَاثِينَ، وَأَقِلُّوا اللَّغْوَ في مَسَاجِدِكُمْ، وَلْيَعْلَمْ أَحَدُكُمْ أَنَّهُ فِي صَلَاةٍ مَا انَتظَرَ الصَّلَاةَ، أَلَا وَلَا تُفْطِرُوا حتَّى تَرَوا اللَّيْلَ يَغْسِقُ عَلَى الظِّرَابِ".
the Prophet was asked which fast was most virtuous after Ramadan? He said: "Sha'ban in honor of Ramadan" He said: "Which charity is best?" He (pbuh) said: "Charity in Ramadan." (Using translation from Tirmidhī 663)
قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أِيُّ الصَّوْمِ أَفْضَلُ؟ قَالَ صَوْمُ شَعْبَانَ تَعْظِيمًا لِرَمَضَانَ قَالَ فَأِيُّ الصَّدَقَةِ أَفْضَلُ؟ قَالَ صَدَقَةٌ فِي رَمَضَانَ
" سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ (عن أفضل الصيام؟ ) (* *) فَقَالَ: صِيَامُ شَعْبَانَ تَعْظِيمًا لِرَمَضَانَ فَقِيلَ: فَأىُّ الصَّدَقَةِ أفْضَلُ؟ قَالَ: صَدَقَة فِى رَمَضَانَ".
[Machine] A man came to the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ and said, "O Messenger of Allah, I have committed a grave sin." The Prophet responded, "What have you done?! May Allah have mercy on you!" The man said, "I had sexual intercourse with my wife during Ramadan." The Prophet advised him, "Free a slave, but if you cannot find one, then fast for two consecutive months." The man replied, "I am not capable of doing so." The Prophet then instructed him, "Feed sixty poor people." The man said, "I cannot find them." At that moment, someone brought a container filled with dates to the Prophet and he said, "Take it and give it in charity." The man then said, "O Messenger of Allah, is there anyone in greater need than my family? By the One in whose hand is my soul, there is no one between the two mountain slopes of Madinah more in need than me." The Prophet smiled until his teeth became visible and he said, "Take it and seek forgiveness from Allah, your Lord." Amr ibn Shu'ayb reported that they brought a large container holding fifteen measures [of dates] to the Prophet. Al-Isma'ili did not mention anyone among them except Amr ibn Shu'ayb ibn al-Mubarak. Al-Haql said, "Someone brought five measures [of dates] in a container." Duhaym said, "Woe to you! What is the matter?" The man replied, "I had sexual intercourse with my wife during a day in Ramadan." The man then brought to the Prophet a container filled with fifteen measures [of dates]. The sheikh [narrator] stopped here.
أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ هَلَكْتُ قَالَ وَيْحَكَ مَا صَنَعْتَ؟ قَالَ وَقَعْتُ عَلَى أَهْلِي فِي رَمَضَانَ قَالَ أَعْتِقْ رَقَبَةً قَالَ مَا أَجِدُهَا قَالَ صُمْ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ قَالَ لَا أَسْتَطِيعُ قَالَ فَأَطْعِمْ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِينًا قَالَ مَا أَجِدُ فَأُتِيَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِعَرَقٍ قَالَ خُذْهُ فَتَصَدَّقْ بِهِ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَعَلَى غَيْرِ أَهْلِي فَوَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ مَا بَيْنَ طُنْبَيِ الْمَدِينَةِ وَقَالَ عَمْرُو بْنُ شُعَيْبٍ مَا بَيْنَ لَابَتَيِ الْمَدِينَةِ أَحَدٌ أَحْوَجُ مِنِّي فَضَحِكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ حَتَّى بَدَتْ أَسْنَانُهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ خُذْهُ وَاسْتَغْفِرِ اللهَ رَبَّكَ وَقَالَ عَمْرُو بْنُ شُعَيْبٍ فَأُتِيَ بِمِكْتَلٍ فِيهِ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ صَاعًا قَالَ الْإِسْمَاعِيلِيُّ لَمْ يَذْكُرْ أَحَدٌ مِنْهُمْ عَمْرَو بْنَ شُعَيْبٍ غَيْرُ ابْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ وَقَالَ الْهِقْلُ بِعَرَقٍ فِيهِ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ صَاعًا قَالَ دُحَيْمٌ وَيْحَكَ وَمَا ذَاكَ؟ قَالَ وَقَعْتُ عَلَى أَهْلِي فِي يَوْمٍ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَأُتِيَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِعَرَقٍ فِيهِ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ صَاعًا قَالَ الشَّيْخُ
[Machine] These are the battles of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in which he fought on the day of Badr in the month of Ramadan in the second year. Then he fought on the day of Uhud in the month of Shawwal in the third year. Then he fought on the day of the trench, which is the day of the confederates, and the Banu Quraiza in the month of Shawwal in the fourth year. Then he fought the Banu Mustaliq and the Banu Lihyan in the month of Sha'ban in the fifth year. Then he fought on the day of Khaybar in the sixth year. Then he fought on the day of the conquest in Ramadan in the eighth year. And he fought on the day of Hunayn and besieged the people of Ta'if in the month of Shawwal in the eighth year. And he mentioned the remainder of the hadith, 11304. And Abu al-Husayn ibn al-Fadl al-Qattan narrated to us in Baghdad that Abdullah ibn Ja'far told us, Ya'qub ibn Sufyan narrated to us, Hassan ibn Abdullah told me, from Ibn Lah'i'ah, Abu al-Aswad narrated to me, from Urwah, he said: This is a mention of the battles of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in which he fought. Ya'qub said: Ibrahim ibn al-Mundhir narrated to me, Muhammad ibn Fuleih narrated to me, from Musa, from Ibn Shihab, he said: This is a mention of the battles of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in which he fought, and he mentioned it with a similar narration from Hanbal.
هَذِهِ مَغَازِي رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ الَّتِي قَاتَلَ فِيهَا يَوْمُ بَدْرٍ فِي رَمَضَانَ مِنْ سَنَةِ اثْنَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ قَاتَلَ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ فِي شَوَّالٍ سَنَةَ ثَلَاثٍ ثُمَّ قَاتَلَ يَوْمَ الْخَنْدَقِ وَهُوَ يَوْمُ الْأَحْزَابِ وَبَنِي قُرَيْظَةَ فِي شَوَّالٍ سَنَةَ أَرْبَعٍ ثُمَّ قَاتَلَ بَنِي الْمُصْطَلِقِ وَبَنِي لِحْيَانَ فِي شَعْبَانَ مِنْ سَنَةِ خَمْسٍ ثُمَّ قَاتَلَ يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ مِنْ سَنَةِ سِتٍّ ثُمَّ قَاتَلَ يَوْمَ الْفَتْحِ فِي رَمَضَانَ مِنْ سَنَةِ ثَمَانٍ وَقَاتَلَ يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ وَحَاصَرَ أَهْلَ الطَّائِفِ فِي شَوَّالٍ سَنَةَ ثَمَانٍ وَذَكَرَ بَاقِيَ الْحَدِيثِ 11304 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ الْقَطَّانُ بِبَغْدَادَ أنبأ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ثنا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ حَدَّثَنِي حَسَّانُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ عَنِ ابْنِ لَهِيعَةَ ثنا أَبُو الْأَسْوَدِ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ قَالَ هَذَا ذِكْرُ مَغَازِي رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ الَّتِي قَاتَلَ فِيهَا قَالَ يَعْقُوبُ ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ فُلَيْحٍ عَنْ مُوسَى عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ قَالَ هَذَا ذِكْرُ مَغَازِي رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ الَّتِي قَاتَلَ فِيهَا فَذَكَرَهُ بِمِثْلِ رِوَايَةِ حَنْبَلٍ
[Machine] And by Allah, I have seen something that I did not think I would ever see, that a people deviated from the guidance of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and his companions. They said this to those who were fasting. Then at that moment, he said, "O Allah, bring me to You." Al-Layth said, "The matter that people agreed upon is that they should not shorten the prayer or break their fast except within a distance of four buruds (a measurement) every twelve miles." The Sheikh said, "We have narrated in the book of prayer what indicates this from Abdullah Ibn Abbas and Abdullah Ibn Umar. And what we have narrated from Dihyah al-Kalbi, if it is authentic, it is as if he intended by his statement 'deviated from the guidance of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and his companions' in accepting the permission (rukhsah), not in determining the distance of the journey in which the person breaks his fast. And Allah knows best."
وَاللهِ لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ أَمْرًا مَا كُنْتُ أَظُنُّ أَنِّي أَرَاهُ أَنَّ قَوْمًا رَغِبُوا عَنْ هَدْيِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَصْحَابِهِ يَقُولُ ذَلِكَ لِلَّذِينَ صَامُوا ثُمَّ قَالَ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ اللهُمَّ اقْبِضْنِي إِلَيْكَ قَالَ اللَّيْثُ الْأَمْرُ الَّذِي اجْتَمَعَ النَّاسُ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ لَا يَقْصُرُوا الصَّلَاةَ وَلَا يُفْطِرُوا إِلَّا فِي مَسِيرَةِ أَرْبَعَةِ بُرُدٍ فِي كُلِّ بَرِيدٍ اثْنَا عَشَرَ مِيلًا قَالَ الشَّيْخُ قَدْ رُوِّينَا فِي كِتَابِ الصَّلَاةِ مَا دَلَّ عَلَى هَذَا عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ وَالَّذِي رُوِّينَا عَنْ دِحْيَةَ الْكَلْبِيِّ إِنْ صَحَّ ذَلِكَ فَكَأَنَّهُ ذَهَبَ فِيهِ إِلَى ظَاهِرِ الْآيَةِ فِي الرُّخْصَةِ فِي السَّفَرِ وَأَرَادَ بِقَوْلِهِ رَغِبُوا عَنْ هَدْيِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَصْحَابِهِ أَيْ فِي قَبُولِ الرُّخْصَةِ لَا فِي تَقْدِيرِ السَّفَرِ الَّذِي أَفْطَرَ فِيهِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ
[Machine] "And that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to fast it, and the Muslims as well, before the obligation of Ramadan was revealed. But when Ramadan was made obligatory, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'Indeed, Ashura is a day from the days of Allah, so whoever wishes, let him fast it, and whoever wishes, let him leave it.'"
وَأَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ صَامَهُ وَالْمُسْلِمُونَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُفْرَضَ رَمَضَانُ فَلَمَّا افْتُرِضَ رَمَضَانُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّ عَاشُورَاءَ يَوْمٌ مِنْ أَيَّامِ اللهِ فَمَنْ شَاءَ صَامَهُ وَمَنْ شَاءَ تَرَكَ
[Machine] I entered upon Ikrimah one day, and he questioned me about whether it was the 29th day of Ramadan or the 29th day of Sha'ban. I became confused and decided to fast, saying that if it was Ramadan, I would not be left behind, and if it was Sha'ban, it would be voluntary fasting. So, I entered upon Ikrimah while he was eating bread, vegetables, and yogurt. He invited me to join him for a meal, but I informed him that I was fasting. He insisted, swearing by Allah that he would make me break my fast. I said, "Glory be to Allah." He then insisted again, swearing by Allah that he would make me break my fast. And when I saw that he did not make any exceptions, I broke my fast. I had some food and felt full. Then I said, "Give me more food." He said, "I heard Ibn Abbas say that he heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, 'Fast when you see the new moon and break your fast when you see it. But if it is cloudy or the moon is not visible to you, then complete the month of Sha'ban and do not start Ramadan until you see the new moon.'"
دَخَلْتُ عَلَى عِكْرِمَةَ فِي يَوْمٍ وَقَدْ أُشْكِلَ عَلَيَّ أَمِنْ رَمَضَانَ هُوَ أَمْ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ فَأَصْبَحْتُ صَائِمًا فَقُلْتُ إِنْ كَانَ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ لَمْ يَسْبِقْنِي وَإِنْ كَانَ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ كَانَ تَطَوُّعًا فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى عِكْرِمَةَ وَهُوَ يَأْكُلُ خُبْزًا وَبَقْلًا وَلَبَنًا فَقَالَ هَلُمَّ إِلَى الْغَدَاءِ قُلْتُ إِنِّي صَائِمٌ فَقَالَ أَحْلِفُ بِاللهِ لَتُفْطِرَنَّهُ قُلْتُ سُبْحَانَ اللهِ قَالَ أَحْلِفُ بِاللهِ لَتُفْطِرَنَّهُ فَلَمَّا رَأَيْتُهُ لَا يَسْتَثْنِي أَفْطَرْتُ فَغَدَوْتُ بِبَعْضِ الشَّيْءِ وَأَنَا شَبْعَانٌ ثُمَّ قُلْتُ هَاتِ فَقَالَ سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ صُومُوا لِرُؤْيَتِهِ وَأَفْطِرُوا لِرُؤْيَتِهِ فَإِنْ حَالَتْ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَهُ سَحَابَةٌ أَوْ غَيَابَةٌ فَأَكْمِلُوا الْعِدَّةَ وَلَا تَسْتَقْبِلُوا الشَّهْرَ اسْتِقْبَالًا لَا تَسْتَقْبِلُوا رَمَضَانَ بِيَوْمٍ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ
[Machine] "That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Fast upon sighting the crescent of Ramadan and break the fast upon sighting the crescent of Shawwal. However, if a cloud or fog comes between you and the crescent, then complete thirty days of Sha'ban and do not begin Ramadan with a day of fasting from Sha'ban. And it is as if he mentioned the ruling for both sides, and each of them narrated one of the two sides."
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ صُومُوا رَمَضَانَ لِرُؤْيَتِهِ وَأَفْطِرُوا لِرُؤْيَتِهِ فَإِنْ حَالَ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَهُ غَمَامَةٌ أَوْ ضَبَابَةٌ فَأَكْمِلُوا شَهْرَ شَعْبَانَ ثَلَاثِينَ وَلَا تَسْتَقْبِلُوا رَمَضَانَ بِصَوْمِ يَوْمٍ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ وَكَأَنَّهُ ذَكَرَ الْحُكْمَ فِي الطَّرَفَيْنِ جَمِيعًا فَرَوَى كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا أَحَدَ طَرَفَيْهِ
[Machine] I heard a man ask the Prophet ﷺ about the day in which some people doubt whether it belongs to Sha'ban or Ramadan. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Do not fast until you see the crescent moon, and do not break your fast until you see the crescent moon. But if the sky is cloudy for you, then complete the count of thirty days."
سَمِعْتُ رَجُلًا سَأَلَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ عَنِ الْيَوْمِ الَّذِي يُشَكُّ فِيهِ فَيَقُولُ بَعْضُهُمْ هَذَا مِنْ شَعْبَانَ وَبَعْضُهُمْ هَذَا مِنْ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَا تَصُومُوا حَتَّى تَرَوَا الْهِلَالَ وَلَا تُفْطِرُوا حَتَّى تَرَوَا الْهِلَالَ فَإِنْ غُمَّ عَلَيْكُمْ فَأَكْمِلُوا الْعِدَّةَ ثَلَاثِينَ
[Machine] They differed regarding a day that is uncertain whether it is from Ramadan or from Sha'ban. We came to Anas and found him sitting, having his pre-dawn meal. We also narrated from Hudhayfah ibn al-Yaman that he used to prohibit fasting on the day that is doubtful. Ibn Abbas also said that he used to say, "Distinguish between fasting in Ramadan and Sha'ban by breaking the fast."
اخْتَلَفُوا فِي يَوْمٍ لَا يُدْرَى أَمِنْ رَمَضَانَ هُوَ أَمْ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ فَأَتَيْنَا أَنَسًا فَوَجَدْنَاهُ جَالِسًا يَتَغَدَّى وَرُوِّينَا عَنْ حُذَيْفَةَ بْنِ الْيَمَانِ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَنْهَى عَنْ صَوْمِ الْيَوْمِ الَّذِي يُشَكُّ فِيهِ وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ افْصِلُوا يَعْنِي بَيْنَ صَوْمِ رَمَضَانَ وَشَعْبَانَ بِفَطْرٍ
[Machine] He broke his fast one day during Ramadan due to the wording of a hadith from Rawh. In another narration, it states that he broke his fast for more than a month when he was overcome by distress and did not say "Mawla" to the Banu Nasr.
أُفْطِرَ يَوْمًا مِنْ رَمَضَانَ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ رَوْحٍ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ يَزِيدَ عَنِ الشَّهْرِ إِذَا غُمَّ وَلَمْ يَقُلْ مَوْلًى لِبَنِي نَصْرٍ
[Machine] She used to fast on the day that was doubtful in Ramadan. Ohthman narrated to us, Zaid bin Hubab narrated from Muawiyah bin Saleh, from Abu Maryam, from Abu Hurairah, he said, "To fast on the day that is doubtful in Sha'ban is more beloved to me than fasting one day in Ramadan." This was narrated by Abu Hurairah through this chain of narration, as well as the narration of Abu Salamah from Abu Hurairah, from the Prophet ﷺ , in the prohibition of advancing the fast except if it coincides with a fast he used to observe, which is more authentic than that. As for what has been narrated from Ali, it is only mentioned when a person testifies to seeing the moon, and that is subject to the will of Allah, the Almighty. As for the view of Ibn Umar on this matter, we have mentioned it previously, and the narration of Yazid bin Harun indicates that the view of Aisha on this matter is similar to the view of Ibn Umar regarding fasting when the month is cloudy without being clear and following the established Sunnah, which is what most of the Companions and knowledgeable people have upheld. May Allah guide us, and success is by Allah's will.
أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ تَصُومُ الْيَوْمَ الَّذِي يُشَكُّ فِيهِ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ
قَالَ وَحَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ ثنا زَيْدُ بْنُ حُبَابٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنْ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ
لَأَنْ أَصُومَ الْيَوْمَ الَّذِي يُشَكُّ فِيهِ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ أُفْطِرَ يَوْمًا مِنْ رَمَضَانَ كَذَا رُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ وَرِوَايَةُ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي النَّهْيِ عَنِ التَّقَدُّمِ إِلَّا أَنْ يُوَافِقَ صَوْمًا كَانَ يَصُومُهُ أَصَحُّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَأَمَّا الَّذِي رُوِيَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ؓ فِي ذَلِكَ فَإِنَّمَا قَالَهُ عِنْدَ شَهَادَةِ رَجُلٍ عَلَى رُؤْيَةِ الْهِلَالِ وَذَلِكَ يَرِدُ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ تَعَالَى وَأَمَّا مَذْهَبُ ابْنِ عُمَرَ فِي ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ ذَكَرْنَاهُ فِيمَا مَضَى وَرِوَايَةُ يَزِيدَ بْنِ هَارُونَ تَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّ مَذْهَبَ عَائِشَةَ ؓ فِي ذَلِكَ كَمَذْهَبِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ فِي الصَّوْمِ إِذَا غُمَّ الشَّهْرُ دُونَ أَنْ يَكُونَ صَحْوًا وَمُتَابَعَةُ السُّنَّةِ الثَّابِتَةِ وَمَا عَلَيْهِ أَكْثَرُ الصَّحَابَةِ وَعَوَامِّ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ أَوْلَى بِنَا وَبِاللهِ التَّوْفِيقُ
[Machine] A man recounted that he witnessed with Ali the sighting of the new moon of Ramadan, so he fasted and I think he said to the people to also fast. He said, "I fast one day from Sha'ban, which is more beloved to me than breaking the fast one day in Ramadan."
أَنَّ رَجُلًا شَهِدَ عِنْدَ عَلِيٍّ ؓ عَلَى رُؤْيَةِ هِلَالِ رَمَضَانَ فَصَامَ وَأَحْسَبُهُ قَالَ وَأَمَرَ النَّاسَ أَنْ يَصُومُوا وَقَالَ أَصُومُ يَوْمًا مِنْ شَعْبَانَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ أُفْطِرَ يَوْمًا مِنْ رَمَضَانَ
[Machine] Yahya Al-Shughoul is from the messenger of Allah ﷺ.
يَحْيَى الشُّغُلُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ
[Machine] A man came to the Prophet ﷺ and said, "O Messenger of Allah, I saw in a dream last night that I was praying behind a tree, and I recited Surah Sajdah (Chapter 32). When I reached the prostration, I prostrated and the tree prostrated with me. I heard it saying, 'O Allah, record for me with You a mention, make for me with You a treasure, and increase for me with You in reward.' The Prophet ﷺ then recited Surah Sajdah and when he reached the prostration, he prostrated and I heard him saying in his prostration what the man had narrated, except that he did not mention 'by my prostration.'"
جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ رَأَيْتُ الْبَارِحَةَ فِيمَا يَرَى النَّائِمُ أَنِّي أُصَلِّي خَلْفَ شَجَرَةٍ فَقَرَأْتُ ص فَلَمَّا أَتَيْتُ عَلَى السَّجْدَةِ سَجَدْتُ فَسَجَدَتِ الشَّجَرَةُ بِسُجُودِي فَسَمِعْتُهَا وَهِيَ تَقُولُ اللهُمَّ اكْتُبْ لِي بِهَا عِنْدَكَ ذِكْرًا وَاجْعَلْ لِي بِهَا عِنْدَكَ ذُخْرًا وَأَعْظِمْ لِي بِهَا عِنْدَكَ أَجْرًا قَالَ فَسَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَرَأَ ص فَلَمَّا أَتَى عَلَى السَّجْدَةِ سَجَدَ فَسَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ فِي سُجُودِهِ مَا أَخْبَرَ الرَّجُلُ عَنْ قَوْلِ الشَّجَرَةِ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَقُلْ بِسُجُودِي 3752 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أنبأ عَبْدُ الصَّمَدِ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُكْرَمٍ الْبَزَّارُ بِبَغْدَادَ ثنا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ شَاكِرٍ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ بْنِ خُنَيْسٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي حَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ فَذَكَرَهُ بِنَحْوِهِ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي الدُّعَاءِ اللهُمَّ اكْتُبْ لِي بِهَا عِنْدَكَ أَجْرًا وَاجْعَلْهَا لِي عِنْدَكَ ذُخْرًا وَضَعْ عَنِّي بِهَا وِزْرًا وَاقْبَلْهَا مِنِّي كَمَا قَبِلْتَ مِنْ عَبْدِكَ دَاوُدَ وَلَمْ يَقُلْ ص إِنَّمَا قَالَ فَرَأَيْتُ كَأَنِّي قَرَأْتُ سَجْدَةً فَسَجَدَتُ وَزَادَ فِي آخِرِهِ قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ بْنِ خُنَيْسٍ كَانَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَبِي يَزِيدَ يُصَلِّي بِنَا فِي الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَكَانَ يَقْرَأُ السَّجْدَةَ فَيَسْجُدُ فَيُطِيلُ السُّجُودَ فَقِيلَ لَهُ فِي ذَلِكَ فَيَقُولُ قَالَ لِي ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ أَخْبَرَنِي جَدُّكَ عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أَبِي يَزِيدَ بِهَذَا
[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say about Ramadan: "Whoever observes the fasts of Ramadan and stands in prayer on its nights out of sincere faith and seeking reward, all his previous sins will be forgiven." Abu Sa'id ibn Abi 'Amr, Abu Abdur-Rahman As-Sulami, Abu Al-Hasan As-Sabi'iy, and Abu Sa'id Al-Adib reported from Abu Abbas, who reported from Ar-Rabi' ibn Sulaiman, who reported from Ibn Wahb, who informed me that Malik reported from Ibn Shihab, who reported from Abu Salamah and Humayd ibn Abdur-Rahman, who reported from Abu Hurairah, who reported from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ similar to this narration. Ibn Uyaynah narrated from Az-Zuhri, who reported from Abu Salamah, who said: "Whoever fasts Ramadan and prays on the Night of Power..."
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ لِرَمَضَانَ مَنْ قَامَهُ إِيمَانًا وَاحْتِسَابًا غُفِرَ لَهُ مَا تَقَدَّمَ مِنْ ذَنْبِهِ وَأنبأ أَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو وَأَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ السُّلَمِيُّ وَأَبُو الْحَسَنِ السَّبِيعِيُّ وَأَبُو سَعِيدٍ الْأَدِيبُ قَالُوا ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ ثنا الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ ثنا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ أَخْبَرَنِي مَالِكٌ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ وَحُمَيْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مِثْلَهُ سَوَاءً وَرَوَاهُ ابْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ فَقَالَ مَنْ صَامَ رَمَضَانَ وَقَالَ مَنْ قَامَ لَيْلَةَ الْقَدْرِ
[Machine] I prayed with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in the month of Ramadan, and when he lifted his head from bowing, he said, "Allah has heard the one who praised Him. O our Lord, to You belongs all the praise."
صَلَّيْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَلَمَّا رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ مِنَ الرُّكُوعِ قَالَ سَمِعَ اللهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ اللهُمَّ رَبَّنَا وَلَكَ الْحَمْدُ
[Machine] He said, "Indeed, a man may become so furious with the dowry that he may say, 'I am burdened with you like the sin of maintaining family ties'."
أَنَّهُ قَالَ إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ قَدْ يُغْلِي بِالْمَهْرِ حَتَّى يَقُولَ وَكُلِّفْتُ فِيكِ عِلْقَ الْقِرْبَةِ يَتَّخِذُهُ ذَنْبًا