When the Prophet ﷺ sent Muʿadh to Yemen, he said to him, "You are going to a nation from the people of the Scripture, so let the first thing to which you will invite them, be the Tauhid of Allah. If they learn that, tell them that Allah has enjoined on them, five prayers to be offered in one day and one night. And if they pray, tell them that Allah has enjoined on them Zakat of their properties and it is to be taken from the rich among them and given to the poor. And if they agree to that, then take from them Zakat but avoid the best property of the people." (Using translation from Bukhārī 7372)   

عَبَّاسٍ ؓ يَقُولُ لَمَّا بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مُعَاذَ بْنَ جَبَلٍ نَحْوَ الْيَمَنِ فَقَالَ إِنَّكَ تَقْدَمُ عَلَى قَوْمٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ فَلْيَكُنْ أَوَّلَ مَا تَدْعُوهُمْ أَنْ يُوَحِّدُوا اللهَ ﷻ فَإِذَا عَرَفُوا ذَلِكَ فَأَخْبِرْهُمْ أَنَّ اللهَ ﷻ قَدِ افْتَرَضَ عَلَيْهِمْ خَمْسَ صَلَوَاتٍ فِي يَوْمِهِمْ وَلَيْلَتِهِمْ فَإِذَا صَلَّوْا فَأَخْبِرْهُمْ أَنَّ اللهَ ﷻ قَدِ افْتَرَضَ عَلَيْهِمْ زَكَاةً فِي أَمْوَالِهِمْ تُؤْخَذُ مِنْ غَنِيِّهِمْ فَتُرَدُّ عَلَى فَقِيرِهِمْ فَإِذَا أَقَرُّوا بِذَلِكَ فَخُذْ مِنْهُمْ وَتَوَقَّ كَرَائِمَ أَمْوَالِهِمْ  

Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Anyone whom Allah has given wealth but he does not pay its Zakat, then, on the Day of Resurrection, his wealth will be presented to him in the shape of a bald-headed poisonous male snake with two poisonous glands in its mouth and it will encircle itself round his neck and bite him over his cheeks and say, "I am your wealth; I am your treasure." Then the Prophet ﷺ recited this Divine Verse:-- "And let not those who covetously withhold of that which Allah has bestowed upon them of His Bounty." (3.180) (Using translation from Bukhārī 4565)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ آتَاهُ اللهُ مَالًا فَلَمْ يُؤَدِّ زَكَاتَهُ مُثِّلَ لَهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ شُجَاعٌ أَقْرَعُ لَهُ زَبِيبَتَانِ يُطَوَّقُهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ ثُمَّ يَأْخُذُ بِلِهْزِمَتَيْهِ يَعْنِي شِدْقَيْهِ يَقُولُ أَنَا مَالُكَ أَنَا كَنْزُكَ ثُمَّ تَلَا هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ {لَا يَحْسَبَنَّ الَّذِينَ يَبْخَلُونَ بِمَا آتَاهُمُ اللهُ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ هُوَ خَيْرًا لَهُمْ} [آل عمران 180] إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "There is no owner of gold or silver who does not fulfill its rights, except that on the Day of Judgment, sheets of fire will be heated for him and placed on his sides, forehead, and back. Whenever they cool down, they will be returned to him in a day that lasts for fifty thousand years, until matters are settled between the people, and he will see his path leading either to Paradise or to Hell. It was said, 'O Messenger of Allah, what about camels?' He said, 'There is no owner of camels who does not fulfill their rights, and from their rights is milking them on the day of their return, except that on the Day of Judgment, he will be trampled by a Qarqar floor, which is the softest part of the foot. He will lose none of them, not even a small amount, and they will step on him with their hooves and bite him with their mouths. Whenever the first of them passes him, the last will be returned to him in a day that lasts for fifty thousand years, until matters are settled between the people, and he will see his path leading either to Paradise or to Hell.' It was then asked, 'O Messenger of Allah, what about cows and sheep?' He said, 'There is no owner of sheep or cows who does not fulfill their rights, except that on the Day of Judgment, he will be trampled by a Qarqar floor, and he will not lose anything from them. They will not have any stumbling or sick animals that will butt him with their horns and step on him with their hooves. Whenever the first of them passes him, the last will be returned to him in a day that lasts for fifty thousand years, until matters are settled between the people, and he will see his path leading either to Paradise or to Hell.' Then, he mentioned the rest of the Hadith that I have narrated in the Book of Zakat."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَا مِنْ صَاحِبِ ذَهَبٍ وَلَا فِضَّةٍ لَا يُؤَدِّي مِنْهَا حَقَّهَا إِلَّا إِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ صُفِّحَتْ لَهُ صَفَائِحُ مِنْ نَارٍ فَأُحْمِيَ عَلَيْهَا فِي نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ فَيُكْوَى بِهَا جَنْبُهُ وَجَبِينُهُ وَظَهْرُهُ كُلَّمَا بَرَدَتْ أُعِيدَتْ لَهُ فِي يَوْمٍ كَانَ مِقْدَارُهُ خَمْسِينَ أَلْفَ سَنَةٍ حَتَّى يُقْضَى بَيْنَ الْعِبَادِ فَيَرَى سَبِيلَهُ إِمَّا إِلَى جَنَّةٍ وَإِمَّا إِلَى نَارٍ قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فَالْإِبِلُ؟ قَالَ وَلَا صَاحِبَ إِبِلٍ لَا يُؤَدِّي حَقَّهَا وَمِنْ حَقِّهَا حَلْبُهَا يَوْمَ وِرْدِهَا إِلَّا إِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ بُطِحَ لَهُ بِقَاعٍ قَرْقَرٍ أَوْفَرَ مَا كَانَتْ لَا يَفْقِدُ مِنْهَا فَصِيلًا وَاحِدًا تَطَؤُهُ بِأَخْفَافِهَا وَتَعَضُّهُ بِأَفْوَاهِهَا كُلَّمَا مَرَّ عَلَيْهِ أُولَاهَا رُدَّ عَلَيْهِ أُخْرَاهَا فِي يَوْمٍ كَانَ مِقْدَارُهُ خَمْسِينَ أَلْفَ سَنَةٍ حَتَّى يُقْضَى بَيْنَ الْعِبَادِ فَيَرَى سَبِيلَهَ إِمَّا إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ وَإِمَّا إِلَى النَّارِ قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فَالْبَقَرُ وَالْغَنَمُ؟ قَالَ وَلَا صَاحِبَ غَنَمٍ وَلَا بَقَرٍ لَا يُؤَدِّي مِنْهَا حَقَّهَا إِلَّا إِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ بُطِحَ لَهُ بِقَاعٍ قَرْقَرٍ لَا يَفْقِدُ مِنْهَا شَيْئًا لَيْسَ فِيهَا عَقْصَاءُ وَلَا جَلْحَاءُ وَلَا عَضْبَاءُ تَنْطَحُهُ بِقُرُونِهَا وَتَطَؤُهُ بِأَظْلَافِهَا كُلَّمَا مَرَّ عَلَيْهِ أُولَاهَا رُدَّ عَلَيْهِ أُخْرَاهَا فِي يَوْمٍ كَانَ مِقْدَارُهُ خَمْسِينَ أَلْفَ سَنَةٍ حَتَّى يُقْضَى بَيْنَ الْعِبَادِ فَيَرَى سَبِيلَهُ إِمَّا إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ وَإِمَّا إِلَى النَّارِ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ بَاقِيَ الْحَدِيثِ قَدْ أَخْرَجْتُهُ فِي كِتَابِ الزَّكَاةِ  

[Machine] He informed him that when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ passed away and Abu Bakr was appointed as his successor, those Arab polytheists who had disbelieved said, "O Abu Bakr, how can you fight the people when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had commanded us to fight until they say, 'There is no deity but Allah'? Whoever says 'There is no deity but Allah' will be protected by me for his wealth and life, except for his due punishment, which will be accounted for by Allah." Abu Bakr said, "By Allah, I will fight those who differentiate between prayer and zakat, for zakat is the right of wealth. By Allah, if they withhold even a small rope (used for tethering livestock), which they used to give to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, I will fight them for withholding it." Umar said, "By Allah, it is nothing but that I saw that Allah had opened the heart of Abu Bakr for fighting, so I understood that it is the truth."  

أَخْبَرَهُ قَالَ لَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَاسْتُخْلِفَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ بَعْدَهُ وَكَفَرَ مَنْ كَفَرَ مِنَ الْعَرَبِ قَالَ عُمَرُ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ كَيْفَ تُقَاتِلُ النَّاسَ وَقَدْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أُقَاتِلَ النَّاسَ حَتَّى يَقُولُوا لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ فَمَنْ قَالَ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ عَصَمَ مِنِّي مَالَهُ وَنَفْسَهُ إِلَّا بِحَقِّهِ وَحِسَابُهُ عَلَى اللهِ ؟ قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ وَاللهِ لَأُقَاتِلَنَّ مَنْ فَرَّقَ بَيْنَ الصَّلَاةِ وَالزَّكَاةِ فَإِنَّ الزَّكَاةَ حَقُّ الْمَالِ وَاللهِ لَوْ مَنَعُونِي عَنَاقًا كَانُوا يُؤَدُّونَهَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قَاتَلْتُهُمْ عَلَى مَنْعِهَا قَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ فَوَاللهِ مَا هُوَ إِلَّا أَنْ رَأَيْتُ اللهَ قَدْ شَرَحَ صَدْرَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ لِلْقِتَالِ فَعَرَفْتُ أَنَّهُ الْحَقُّ  

[Machine] "He used to sell them to whoever would pay more. Every time he sold a camel, he tightened its reins and then gave the proceeds as charity, meaning with those reins. The Sheikh said, and Imran ibn Dawud al-Qattan narrated from Ma'mar ibn Rashid from Az-Zuhri from Anas in the story of Abu Bakr, he said that Abu Bakr said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded me to fight the people until they testify that there is no deity but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, establish prayer, and give zakah. By Allah, if they were to withhold from me a rope that they used to give to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , I would fight them for it." And we also narrated this increase regarding the establishment of prayer and payment of zakah from two other sources from Abu Hurairah."  

أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَبِيعُهَا فِيمَنْ يَزِيدُ كُلَّمَا بَاعَ بَعِيرًا مِنْهَا شَدَّ حَقْوَهُ بِعِقَالِهِ ثُمَّ تَصَدَّقَ بِهَا يَعْنِي بِتِلْكَ الْعِقَالِ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ وَقَدْ رَوَى عِمْرَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ الْقَطَّانُ عَنْ مَعْمَرِ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ أَنَسٍ فِي قِصَّةِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ قَالَ وَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ إِنَّمَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أُقَاتِلَ النَّاسَ حَتَّى يَشْهَدُوا أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنِّي رَسُولُ اللهِ وَيُقِيمُوا الصَّلَاةَ وَيُؤْتُوا الزَّكَاةَ وَاللهِ لَوْ مَنَعُونِي عَنَاقًا مِمَّا كَانُوا يُعْطُونَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ لَأُقَاتِلَنَّهُمْ عَلَيْهِ وَرَوَيْنَا هَذِهِ الزِّيَادَةَ فِي إِقَامَةِ الصَّلَاةِ وَإِيتَاءِ الزَّكَاةِ مِنْ وَجْهَيْنِ آخَرَيْنِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "I have been commanded to fight against people until they testify that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah, establish prayer, and give zakat. When they do this, their blood and wealth are forbidden to be taken, and their account is upon Allah." Sheikh Abu Al-Anbas said, "This is Sa'id bin Kathir bin 'Ubayd's narration. Al-Bukhari and others also narrated it."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أُقَاتِلَ النَّاسَ حَتَّى يَقُولُوا لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَيُقِيمُوا الصَّلَاةَ وَيُؤْتُوا الزَّكَاةَ فَإِذَا فَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ حُرِّمَتْ دِمَاؤُهُمْ وَأَمْوَالُهُمْ وَحِسَابُهُمْ عَلَى اللهِ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ أَبُو الْعَنْبَسِ هَذَا هُوَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ كَثِيرِ بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ قَالَهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ وَغَيْرُهُ  

Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "I have been ordered (by Allah) to fight against the people until they testify that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah and that Muhammad is Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and offer the prayers perfectly and give the obligatory charity, so if they perform that, then they save their lives and property from me except for Islamic laws and then their reckoning (accounts) will be done by Allah." (Using translation from Bukhārī 25)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أُقَاتِلَ النَّاسَ حَتَّى يَقُولُوا لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَيُقِيمُوا الصَّلَاةَ وَيُؤْتُوا الزَّكَاةَ فَإِذَا فَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ عَصَمُوا مِنِّي دِمَاءَهُمْ وَأَمْوَالَهُمْ إِلَّا بِحَقِّهَا وَحِسَابُهُمْ عَلَى اللهِ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِهِمَا سَوَاءٌ  

[Machine] An Arab man came to the Prophet ﷺ and greeted him by saying, "Peace be upon you, O boy of Bani Abdul-Muttalib." The Prophet replied, "And peace be upon you." The man continued, "I am a man from your relatives, from the descendants of Saad ibn Bakr. I am a messenger from my people to you, and their representative." He then mentioned his message and said, "We have found in your book and your messengers have commanded us to take a portion of our wealth and give it to the poor." He then asked the Prophet, "I swear by Allah, did you command this?" The Prophet replied, "Yes." The old man said, "This statement, if it is preserved, indicates that it is permissible to distribute the Zakat (obligatory charity) by the owner of the wealth himself. And the narration of Anas in this story: 'Allah has commanded you to take this charity from our wealthy and distribute it among our poor.' Its chain of narration is the most authentic, and Allah knows best."  

جَاءَ أَعْرَابِيٌّ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ يَا غُلَامَ بَنِي عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ فَقَالَ وَعَلَيْكَ قَالَ إِنِّي رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَخْوَالِكَ مِنْ وَلَدِ سَعْدِ بْنِ بَكْرٍ وَإِنِّي رَسُولُ قَوْمِي إِلَيْكَ وَوَافِدُهُمْ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ فَإِنَّا قَدْ وَجَدْنَا فِي كِتَابِكَ وَأَمَرَتْنَا رُسُلُكَ أَنْ نَأْخُذَ مِنْ حَوَاشِي أَمْوَالِنَا وَنَضَعَهُ فِي فُقَرَائِنَا فَأَنْشُدُكَ بِاللهِ أَهُوَ أَمَرَكَ بِذَلِكَ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ هَذِهِ اللَّفْظَةُ إِنْ كَانَتْ مَحْفُوظَةً دَلَّتْ عَلَى جَوَازِ تَفْرِيقِ رَبِّ الْمَالِ زَكَاةَ مَالِهِ بِنَفْسِهِ وَحَدِيثُ أَنَسٍ ؓ فِي هَذِهِ الْقِصَّةِ آللَّهُ أَمَرَكَ أَنْ تَأْخُذَ هَذِهِ الصَّدَقَةَ مِنْ أَغْنِيَائِنَا فَتَقْسِمَهَا فِي فُقَرَائِنَا؟ إِسْنَادُهُ أَصَحُّ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ  

[Machine] I heard Abdullah bin Abi Awfa, who was one of the companions of the Prophet, saying: When a group of people came to him with a charity, he used to say, "O Allah, send blessings upon them." Then my father came to him with his charity, and he said, "O Allah, send blessings upon the family of Abi Awfa."  

سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ أَبِي أَوْفَى ؓ وَكَانَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ الشَّجَرَةِ يَقُولُ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا أَتَاهُ قَوْمٌ بِصَدَقَةٍ قَالَ اللهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَيْهِمْ فَأَتَاهُ أَبِي بِصَدَقَتِهِ فَقَالَ اللهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى آلِ أَبِي أَوْفَى  

[Machine] On the authority of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, he said, "Anything less than five dirhams is not considered as charity, nor is anything less than five awqas considered as charity, nor is anything less than five usuq considered as charity."  

عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَالَ لَيْسَ فِيمَا دُونَ خَمْسِ ذَوْدٍ صَدَقَةٌ وَلَا فِيمَا دُونَ خَمْسِ أَوَاقٍ صَدَقَةٌ وَلَا فِيمَا دُونَ خَمْسِ أَوْسُقٍ صَدَقَةٌ  

[Machine] I came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and he mentioned a hadith in which he said: "There is no man who dies leaving behind sheep, camels, or cows without paying their Zakat, except that they will come to him in the form of a greater and fatter animal, trampling him with their hooves and goring him with their horns until the matter is settled among the people, and then the original animals will return to their places." They recorded this in Sahih from the hadith of Al-A'mash, and it is called the obligatory Zakat in livestock.  

أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ وَفِيهِ قَالَ مَا مِنْ رَجُلٍ يَمُوتُ فَيَتْرُكُ غَنَمًا أَوْ إِبِلًا أَوْ بَقَرًا لَمْ يُؤَدِّ زَكَاتَهَا إِلَّا جَاءَتْهُ أَعْظَمَ مَا تَكُونُ وَأَسْمَنَ تَطَؤُهُ بِأَظْلَافِهَا وَتَنْطَحُهُ بِقُرُونِهَا حَتَّى يُقْضَى بَيْنَ النَّاسِ ثُمَّ يَعُودُ أُولَاهَا عَلَى أُخْرَاهَا أَخْرَجَاهُ فِي الصَّحِيحِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ الْأَعْمَشِ فَسُمِّيَ الْوَاجِبُ فِي الْمَاشِيَةِ زَكَاةً  

[Machine] "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said about the Zakat of grapes, it is picked just as the palm tree is picked, and its Zakat is paid in raisins just as the Zakat of the palm tree is paid in dates, so it is called 'Al-'ushr' in grapes and palm trees, as a form of Zakat."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ فِي زَكَاةِ الْكَرْمِ يُخْرَصُ كَمَا يُخْرَصُ النَّخْلُ ثُمَّ يُؤَدَّى زَكَاتُهُ زَبِيبًا كَمَا تُؤَدَّى زَكَاةُ النَّخْلِ تَمْرًا فَسُمِّيَ الْعُشْرُ فِي الْكَرْمِ وَالنَّخْلِ زَكَاةً  

[Machine] I heard Ziyad ibn al-Harith al-Suda'i, the companion of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , narrate: I went to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and pledged allegiance to him on Islam. He mentioned a hadith and then another person came to him and said, "Give me from the charity." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ replied to him, "Verily, Allah did not give power to anyone, whether a Prophet or otherwise, to decide regarding charity until He Himself decides. And He allocated it into eight parts." He then said, "If you belong to those eight parts, I would give it to you or give you your right."  

سَمِعْتُ زِيَادَ بْنَ الْحَارِثِ الصُّدَائِيَّ ؓ صَاحِبَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ يُحَدِّثُ قَالَ أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَبَايَعْتُهُ عَلَى الْإِسْلَامِ وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ قَالَ ثُمَّ أَتَاهُ آخَرُ فَقَالَ أَعْطِنِي مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّ اللهَ ﷻ لَمْ يَرْضَ فِيهَا بِحُكْمِ نَبِيٍّ وَلَا غَيْرِهِ فِي الصَّدَقَاتِ حَتَّى يَحْكُمَ هُوَ فِيهَا فَجَزَّأَهَا ثَمَانِيَةَ أَجْزَاءٍ قَالَ فَإِنْ كُنْتَ مِنْ تِلْكَ الْأَجْزَاءِ أَعْطَيْتُكَ أَوْ أَعْطَيْنَاكَ حَقَّكَ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ enjoined the payment of the charity in eight categories, then it is divided into eight shares. He obligated it in gold, silver, camels, cows, sheep, crops, vineyards, and date-palm trees. And it is divided into eight shares among the people mentioned in this verse, "Indeed, [prescribed] charitable offerings are only [to be given] for the poor and the needy" [Quran 9:60], until the end of the verse. The chain of narration for this hadith is weak, however, it is sufficient in the text of the book.  

فَرَضَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الصَّدَقَةَ فِي ثَمَانِيَةِ أَصْنَافٍ ثُمَّ تُوضَعُ فِي ثَمَانِيَةِ أَسْهُمٍ فَفَرَضَهَا فِي الذَّهَبِ وَالْوَرِقِ وَالْإِبِلِ وَالْبَقَرِ وَالْغَنَمِ وَالزَّرْعِ وَالْكَرْمِ وَالنَّخْلِ وَتُوضَعَ فِي ثَمَانِيَةِ أَسْهُمٍ فِي أَهْلِ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ {إِنَّمَا الصَّدَقَاتُ لِلْفُقَرَاءِ وَالْمَسَاكِينِ} [التوبة 60] إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ إِسْنَادُ هَذَا ضَعِيفٌ وَفِي نَصِّ الْكِتَابِ كِفَايَةٌ  

said When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent Mu’adh to Yemen, he said to him You are going to a people who are people of the book. So call them to bear witness that there is no diety but Allah, and that I am the Messenger of Allah. If they obey you in this respect, tell them that Allah has prescribed five prayers on them every day and night. If they obey you in this regard tell them that Allah has prescribed sadaqah(zakat) on their property and returned it to their poor. If they obey you in this respect, do not take the best of their property. Beware of the curse of the oppressed, for there is no curtain between it and Allah. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 1584)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لِمُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ حِينَ بَعَثَهُ إِلَى الْيَمَنِ إِنَّكَ سَتَأْتِي قَوْمًا أَهْلَ كِتَابٍ فَإِذَا جِئْتَهُمْ فَادْعُهُمْ أَنْ يَشْهَدُوا أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ فَإِنْ هُمْ أَطَاعُوا لَكَ بِذَلِكَ فَأَخْبِرْهُمْ أَنَّ اللهَ قَدْ فَرَضَ عَلَيْهِمْ خَمْسَ صَلَوَاتٍ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ وَلَيْلَةٍ فَإِنْ هُمْ أَطَاعُوا لَكَ بِذَلِكَ فَأَخْبِرْهُمْ أَنَّ اللهَ قَدْ فَرَضَ عَلَيْهِمْ صَدَقَةً تُؤْخَذُ مِنْ أَغْنِيَائِهِمْ فَتُرَدُّ عَلَى فُقَرَائِهِمْ فَإِنْ هُمْ أَطَاعُوا لَكَ بِذَلِكَ فَإِيَّاكَ وَكَرَائِمَ أَمْوَالِهِمْ وَاتَّقِ دَعْوَةَ الْمَظْلُومِ فَإِنَّهُ لَيْسَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ اللهِ حِجَابٌ  

"A man came to the Prophet and said: 'I feared that I might be killed after you are gone for the sake of a goat or sheep of the Sadaqah.' He said: 'Were it not that it will be given to the poor Muhajirin I would not have taken it."' (Daif) (Using translation from Nasāʾī 2466)   

جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ كِدْتُ أَنْ أُقْتَلَ بَعْدَكَ فِي عَنَاقٍ أَوْ شَاةٍ مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَوْلَا أَنَّهَا تُعْطَى فُقَرَاءَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ مَا أَخَذْتُهَا  

[Machine] If a man gives charity of one type from the eight types, he is granted reward. And from Al-Hajjaj, from 'Ata', Al-Hajjaj bin Arta'ah reports something similar, which can be utilized as evidence.  

إِذَا أَعْطَى الرَّجُلُ الصَّدَقَةَ صِنْفًا وَاحِدًا مِنَ الْأَصْنَافِ الثَّمَانِيَةِ أَجْزَأَهُ وَعَنِ الْحَجَّاجِ عَنْ عَطَاءٍ بِنَحْوِهِ الْحَجَّاجُ بْنُ أَرْطَاةَ لَا يُحْتَجُّ بِهِ  

[Machine] From Umar ibn al-Khattab, while he was paused, and al-Hasan ibn Umarah was left behind.  

عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ وَهُوَ مُنْقَطِعٌ وَالْحَسَنُ بْنُ عُمَارَةَ مَتْرُوكٌ  

[Machine] Abbas, Allah knows best.  

عَبَّاسٍ ؓ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ  

[Machine] I said to Ibrahim, "Shall I give the zakat of my wealth in a certain category from the categories that Allah mentioned in His book, 'Indeed, charity is for the poor and the needy?'" He said, "Yes, and we have narrated it from Al-Hasan Al-Basri and from Ataa Ibn Abi Rabah."  

قُلْتُ لِإِبْرَاهِيمَ أَضَعُ زَكَاةَ مَالِي فِي صِنْفٍ مِنَ الْأَصْنَافِ الَّذِينَ ذَكَرَ اللهُ فِي كِتَابِهِ { إِنَّمَا الصَّدَقَاتُ لِلْفُقَرَاءِ وَالْمَسَاكِينِ} [التوبة 60] إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ قَالَ نَعَمْ وَرُوِّينَاهُ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ الْبَصْرِيِّ وَعَنِ عَطَاءِ بْنِ أَبِي رَبَاحٍ  

[Machine] The man sends the charity in one type.  

يَبْعَثَ الرَّجُلُ الصَّدَقَةَ فِي صِنْفٍ وَاحِدٍ  

said When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent Mu’adh to Yemen, he said to him You are going to a people who are people of the book. So call them to bear witness that there is no diety but Allah, and that I am the Messenger of Allah. If they obey you in this respect, tell them that Allah has prescribed five prayers on them every day and night. If they obey you in this regard tell them that Allah has prescribed sadaqah(zakat) on their property and returned it to their poor. If they obey you in this respect, do not take the best of their property. Beware of the curse of the oppressed, for there is no curtain between it and Allah. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 1584)   

رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ لَمَّا بَعَثَ مُعَاذًا إِلَى الْيَمَنِ قَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّكَ تَأْتِي قَوْمًا أَهْلَ كِتَابٍ فَادْعُهُمْ إِلَى شَهَادَةِ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ فَإِنْ هُمْ أَجَابُوكَ لِذَلِكَ فَأَعْلِمْهُمْ أَنَّ اللهَ قَدِ افْتَرَضَ عَلَيْهِمْ خَمْسَ صَلَوَاتٍ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ وَلَيْلَةٍ فَإِنْ هُمْ أَجَابُوكَ لِذَلِكَ فَأَعْلِمْهُمْ أَنَّ اللهَ قَدِ افْتَرَضَ عَلَيْهِمْ صَدَقَةً فِي أَمْوَالِهِمْ تُؤْخَذُ مِنْ أَغْنِيَائِهِمْ فَتُرَدُّ فِي فُقَرَائِهِمْ فَإِنْ هُمْ أَجَابُوكَ لِذَلِكَ فَإِيَّاكَ وَكَرَائِمَ أَمْوَالِهِمْ وَإِيَّاكَ وَدَعْوَةَ الْمَظْلُومِ فَإِنَّهَا لَيْسَ بَيْنَهَا وَبَيْنَ اللهِ حِجَابٌ  

While we were sitting with the Prophet ﷺ in the mosque, a man came riding on a camel. He made his camel kneel down in the mosque, tied its foreleg and then said: "Who amongst you is Muhammad?" At that time the Prophet ﷺ was sitting amongst us (his companions) leaning on his arm. We replied, "This white man reclining on his arm." The man then addressed him, "O Son of ʿAbdul Muttalib." The Prophet ﷺ said, "I am here to answer your questions." The man said to the Prophet, "I want to ask you something and will be hard in questioning. So do not get angry." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Ask whatever you want." The man said, "I ask you by your Lord, and the Lord of those who were before you, has Allah sent you as an Apostle to all the mankind?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "By Allah, yes." The man further said, "I ask you by Allah. Has Allah ordered you to offer five prayers in a day and night (24 hours).? He replied, "By Allah, Yes." The man further said, "I ask you by Allah! Has Allah ordered you to observe fasts during this month of the year (i.e. Ramadan)?" He replied, "By Allah, Yes." The man further said, "I ask you by Allah. Has Allah ordered you to take Zakat (obligatory charity) from our rich people and distribute it amongst our poor people?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "By Allah, yes." Thereupon that man said, "I have believed in all that with which you have been sent, and I have been sent by my people as a messenger, and I am Dimam bin Thaʿlaba from the brothers of Bani Saʿd bin Bakr." (Using translation from Bukhārī 63)   

أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ ؓ يَقُولُ بَيْنَا نَحْنُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ جُلُوسٌ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ إِذْ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ عَلَى جَمَلٍ فَأَنَاخَهُ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ ثُمَّ عَقَلَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُمْ أَيُّكُمْ مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَرَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مُتَّكِئٌ بَيْنَ ظَهْرَانَيْهِمْ قَالَ فَقُلْنَا لَهُ هَذَا الرَّجُلُ الْأَبْيَضُ الْمُتَّكِئُ فَقَالَ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ يَا ابْنَ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَدْ أَجَبْتُكَ فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ يَا مُحَمَّدُ إِنِّي سَائِلُكَ فَمُشْتَدٌّ عَلَيْكَ فِي الْمَسْأَلَةِ فَلَا تَجِدُ فِي نَفْسِكَ فَقَالَ سَلْ مَا بَدَا لَكَ فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ نَشَدْتُكَ بِرَبِّكَ وَرَبِّ مَنْ قَبْلَكَ آللَّهُ أَرْسَلَكَ إِلَى النَّاسِ كُلِّهِمْ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ اللهُمَّ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَأَنْشُدُكَ اللهَ آللَّهُ أَمَرَكَ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ الصَّلَوَاتِ الْخَمْسَ فِي الْيَوْمِ وَاللَّيْلَةِ؟ فَقَالَ اللهُمَّ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَأَنْشُدُكَ اللهَ آللَّهُ أَمَرَكَ بِصَوْمِ هَذَا الشَّهْرِ مِنَ السَّنَةِ؟ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ اللهُمَّ نَعَمْ قَالَ أَنْشُدُكَ اللهَ آللَّهُ أَمَرَكَ أَنْ تَأْخُذَ هَذِهِ الصَّدَقَةَ مِنْ أَغْنِيَائِنَا فَتُقْسَمَ عَلَى فُقَرَائِنَا؟ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ اللهُمَّ نَعَمْ قَالَ الرَّجُلُ آمَنْتُ بِمَا جِئْتَ بِهِ وَأَنَا رَسُولُ مَنْ وَرَائِي مِنْ قَوْمِي وَأَنَا ضِمَامُ بْنُ ثَعْلَبَةَ أَخُو بَنِي سَعْدِ بْنِ بَكْرٍ  

Ziyad, or some other governor, sent Imran ibn Husayn to collect sadaqah (i.e. zakat). When he returned, he asked Imran: Where is the property? He replied: Did you send me to bring the property? We collected it from where we used to collect in the lifetime of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and we spent it where we used to spend during the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 1625)   

وَلِلْمَالِ أَرْسَلْتُمُونِي أَخَذْنَاهَا مِنْ حَيْثُ كُنَّا نَأْخُذُهَا عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَوَضَعْنَاهَا حَيْثُ كُنَّا نَضَعُهَا  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ sent a messenger among us to collect zakat from the wealthy and distribute it among the poor. He ordered me to shave my head. This hadith is known as the narration of Ash'ath ibn Sawwar, who was not a strong individual.  

بَعَثَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فِينَا سَاعِيًا فَأَخَذَ الصَّدَقَةَ مِنْ أَغْنِيَائِنَا فَوَضَعَهَا فِي فُقَرَائِنَا وَأَمَرَ لِي بِقَلُوصٍ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ يُعْرَفُ بِأَشْعَثَ بْنِ سَوَّارٍ وَلَيْسَ بِالْقَوِيِّ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent someone to collect charity, and he instructed that the charity should be taken from our wealthy ones and distributed among our poor ones. I was an orphan boy with no wealth, so he gave me a small portion of it.  

بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ سَاعِيًا عَلَى الصَّدَقَةِ فَأَمَرَ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ الصَّدَقَةَ مِنْ أَغْنِيَائِنَا فَيَقْسِمَهَا فِي فُقَرَائِنَا وَكُنْتُ غُلَامًا يَتِيمًا لَا مَالَ لِي فَأَعْطَانِي مِنْهَا قَلُوصًا  

[Machine] That Mu'adh bin Jabal decided that whenever a man moves from his own tribe to another tribe, his tenth and his charity should go to his own tribe.  

أَنَّ مُعَاذَ بْنَ جَبَلٍ ؓ قَضَى أَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ انْتَقَلَ مِنْ مِخْلَافِ عَشِيرَتِهِ إِلَى غَيْرِ مِخْلَافِ عَشِيرَتِهِ فَعُشْرُهُ وَصَدَقَتُهُ إِلَى مِخْلَافِ عَشِيرَتِهِ  

[Machine] Zakat cannot be taken out of one place to another except for a case where someone with close family ties has been stopped, and the chain of narrators is weakened in its transmission.  

لَا تَخْرُجُ الزَّكَاةُ مِنْ بَلَدٍ إِلَى بَلَدٍ إِلَّا لِذِي قَرَابَةٍ مَوْقُوفٌ وَفِي إِسْنَادِهِ ضَعْفٌ  

I came to Umar bin al Khattab with some of my people and he starting giving to each man of Tayy two thousand, and he ignored me, I tried to come in front of him and he turned away from me, then I came from the direction he was facing and he turned away from me. Then I said: O Ameer al-Muʿmineen, do you recognize me? He smiled and leaned backwards, then he said: Yes, by Allah! I know that you believed when they disbelieved, and you came when they turned away, and you remained loyal when they betrayed. The first sadaqah (zakah) that brightened the face of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and the faces of his Companions was the sadaqah of Tayy that you brought to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ Then he began to apologize, then he said: I am only giving to people who are extremely poor and they are the leaders of their tribes and have responsibilities. (Using translation from Aḥmad 316)   

أَتَيْتُ عُمَرَ ؓ فِي أُنَاسٍ مِنْ قَوْمِي فَجَعَلَ يَفْرِضُ رِجَالًا مِنْ طَيِّئٍ فِي أَلْفَيْنِ وَيُعْرِضُ عَنِّي فَقُلْتُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَتَعْرِفُنِي؟ قَالَ فَضَحِكَ حَتَّى اسْتَلْقَى لِقَفَاهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ وَاللهِ إِنِّي لَأَعْرِفُكَ قَدْ آمَنْتَ إِذْ كَفَرُوا وَأَقْبَلْتَ إِذْ أَدْبَرُوا وَأَوْفَيْتَ إِذْ غَدَرُوا وَإِنَّ أَوَّلَ صَدَقَةٍ بَيَّضَتْ وَجْهَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَوَجْهَ أَصْحَابِهِ صَدَقَةُ طَيِّءٍ جِئْتَ بِهَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ ثُمَّ أَخَذَ يَعْتَذِرُ قَالَ إِنَّمَا فَرَضْتُ لِقَوْمٍ أَجْحَفَتْ بِهِمُ الْفَاقَةُ وَهُمْ فَاقَةُ عَشَائِرِهِمْ لِمَا يَنُوبُهُمْ مِنَ الْحُقُوقِ  

[Machine] He said, "The first charity that whitens the faces of the companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ is the charity that you brought to Abu Bakr. I said, 'Indeed, I came to the Prophet ﷺ the same year as I came to you with it.'"  

أَنَّهُ قَالَ وَأَوَّلُ صَدَقَةٍ بَيَّضَتْ وَجْهَ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ صَدَقَةُ طَيِّئٍ جِئْتَ بِهَا إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ فَقُلْتَ أَمَا إِنِّي أَتَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ عَامَ أَوَّلَ كَمَا أَتَيْتُكَ بِهَا  

[Machine] About Ibn Ishaq's story about Adi ibn Hatim, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered him to collect the charity of his people. However, when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ passed away, some people who had turned away from Islam heard that their charity had been returned to them. The sons of Asad, who were their neighbors, also turned away from Islam. They all gathered together and came to Adi ibn Hatim. He mentioned the story and said that when they saw his seriousness, they backed off and surrendered to him. When the Muslims came together to pledge allegiance to Abu Bakr, Adi ibn Hatim went with them. The first charity to reach Abu Bakr was the charity of Adi ibn Hatim. It was followed by the camels of Zubair ibn Badr. Ibn Ishaq said that it was reported in the Hadith of Zubair ibn Badr al-Saadi that Bani Saad came to him and asked him to return their money and to treat them like what Malik ibn Nuhayrah did to his people. However, Adi ibn Hatim and Zubair ibn Badr refused and held onto what they had. They remained firm in Islam and said to their people, "Don't rush, for by Allah, someone will take charge of this matter after the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ." He mentioned a story and said that they defended themselves until the people gathered together to pledge allegiance to Abu Bakr. He went out with them. The people scattered in the night, and the men accompanied him, driving the camels. They did not know about it until they were informed that he had given them to Abu Bakr. The camels that Zubair ibn Badr and Adi ibn Hatim brought was the first charity to reach Abu Bakr after the death of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . Ibn Ishaq said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent Adi ibn Hatim to collect the charity of Tayy. Zubair ibn Badr collected the charity of Bani Saad. Tulayhah ibn Khuwaylid collected the charity of Bani Asad. Uyaynah ibn Hisn collected the charity of Bani Fazarah. Malik ibn Nuwairah collected the charity of Bani Yarbu'. And Fajaa'ah collected the charity of Bani Sulaim. When the news of the Prophet's death reached them, and they had a lot of wealth with them, they returned it to their people except for Adi ibn Hatim and Zubair ibn Badr. They held onto it and defended themselves until they gave it to Abu Bakr.  

عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ فِي قِصَّةِ عَدِيِّ بْنِ حَاتِمٍ ؓ أَمَّرَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَى صَدَقَاتِ قَوْمِهِ فَتُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَقَدِ اجْتَمَعَتْ عِنْدَهُ إِبِلٌ عَظِيمَةٌ مِنْ صَدَقَاتِهِمْ فَلَمَّا ارْتَدَّ مَنِ ارْتَدَّ مِنَ النَّاسِ وَبَلَغَهُمْ أَنَّهُمْ قَدِ ارْتَجَعُوا صَدَقَاتِهِمْ وَارْتَدَّتْ بَنُو أَسَدٍ وَهُمْ جِيرَانُهُمْ اجْتَمَعَتْ طَيِّئٌ إِلَى عَدِيِّ بْنِ حَاتِمٍ وَذَكَرَ الْقِصَّةَ قَالَ فَلَمَّا رَأَوْا مِنْهُ الْجَدَّ كَفُّوا عَنْهُ وَسَلَّمُوا لَهُ فَلَمَّا اجْتَمَعَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ خَرَجَ بِهَا فَكَانَتْ أَوَّلَ إِبِلٍ مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ قَدِمَتْ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ هِيَ وَإِبِلُ الزِّبْرِقَانِ بْنِ بَدْرٍ قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ وَكَانَ مِنْ حَدِيثِ الزِّبْرِقَانِ بْنِ بَدْرٍ السَّعْدِيِّ أَنَّ بَنِي سَعْدٍ اجْتَمَعُوا إِلَيْهِ فَسَأَلُوهُ أَنْ يَرُدَّ إِلَيْهِمْ أَمْوَالَهَمْ وَأَنْ يَصْنَعَ بِهِمْ مَا صَنَعَ مَالِكُ بْنُ نُوَيْرَةَ بِقَوْمِهِ فَأَبَى وَتَمَسَّكَ بِمَا فِي يَدِهِ وَثبَتَ عَلَى إِسْلَامِهِ وَقَالَ لَا تَعْجَلُوا يَا قَوْمُ فَإِنَّهُ وَاللهِ لَيَقُومَنَّ بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ قَائِمٌ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَذَكَرَ قِصَّةً قَالَ فَدَفَعَهُمْ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ حَتَّى أَتَاهُ اجْتِمَاعُ النَّاسِ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ فَخَرَجَ بِهَا وَقَدْ تَفَرَّقَ الْقَوْمُ عَنْهُ لَيْلًا وَمَعَهُ الرِّجَالُ يَطْرُدُونَهَا فَمَا عَلِمُوا بِهِ حَتَّى أَتَاهُمْ أَنَّهُ قَدْ أَدَّاهَا إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ فَكَانَتْ هَذِهِ الْإِبِلُ الَّتِي قَدِمَ بِهَا الزِّبْرِقَانُ وَعَدِيُّ بْنُ حَاتِمٍ أَوَّلَ إِبِلٍ وَافَتْ أَبَا بَكْرٍ ؓ مِنْ إِبِلِ الصَّدَقَةِ بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بَعَثَ عَدِيَّ بْنَ حَاتِمٍ ؓ عَلَى صَدَقَاتِ طَيِّئٍ وَالزِّبْرِقَانَ بْنِ بَدْرٍ عَلَى صَدَقَاتِ بَنِي سَعْدٍ وَطُلَيْحَةَ بْنَ خُوَيْلِدٍ عَلَى صَدَقَاتِ بَنِي أَسَدٍ وَعُيَيْنَةَ بْنَ حِصْنٍ عَلَى صَدَقَاتِ بَنِي فَزَارَةَ وَمَالِكَ بْنَ نُوَيْرَةَ عَلَى صَدَقَاتِ بَنِي يَرْبُوعٍ وَالْفُجَاءَةَ عَلَى صَدَقَاتِ بَنِي سُلَيْمٍ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَهُمْ وَفَاةُ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَعِنْدَهُمْ أَمْوَالٌ كَثِيرَةٌ رَدُّوهَا عَلَى أَهْلِهَا إِلَّا عَدِيَّ بْنَ حَاتِمٍ وَالزِّبْرِقَانَ بْنَ بَدْرٍ فَإِنَّهُمَا تَمَسَّكَا بِهَا وَدَفَعَا عَنْهَا النَّاسَ حَتَّى أَدَّيَاهَا إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ  

[Machine] I fell in love with the Banu Tamim after three of their men heard it from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He said, "They are the strongest of my Ummah against the Dajjal (Antichrist)." There was a breeze from them by Aisha, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to her, "Set it free as it is from the offspring of Ismail (Ishmael) ﷺ ." Their charity came, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "This is the charity of our people."  

زِلْتُ أُحِبُّ بَنِي تَمِيمٍ بَعْدَ ثَلَاثٍ سَمِعْتُهُنَّ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ هُمْ أَشَدُّ أُمَّتِي عَلَى الدَّجَّالِ وَكَانَتْ عِنْدَ عَائِشَةَ ؓ نَسَمَةٌ مِنْهُمْ فَقَالَ لَهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَعْتِقِيهَا فَإِنَّهَا مِنْ وَلَدِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَجَاءَتْ صَدَقَاتُهُمْ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ هَذِهِ صَدَقَاتُ قَوْمِنَا  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The poor person is not the one who goes around asking people for a bite or two, or a date or two, but the poor person is the one who does not have enough and is not noticed, so that he may be given charity, and he does not ask people for anything." This is the narration of Al-Mughira, and it is also narrated by Malik. And he does not stand up to ask people.  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَيْسَ الْمِسْكِينُ بِهَذَا الطَّوَّافِ الَّذِي يَطُوفُ عَلَى النَّاسِ فَتَرُدُّهُ اللُّقْمَةُ وَاللُّقْمَتَانِ وَالتَّمْرَةُ وَالتَّمْرَتَانِ قَالُوا فَمَنِ الْمِسْكِينُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ قَالَ الَّذِي لَا يَجِدُ غِنًى يُغْنِيهِ وَلَا يُفْطَنُ لَهُ فَيُتَصَدَّقُ عَلَيْهِ وَلَا يَسْأَلُ النَّاسَ شَيْئًا لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ الْمُغِيرَةِ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ مَالِكٍ وَلَا يَقُومُ فَيَسْأَلُ النَّاسَ  

Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The poor person is not the one who goes round the people and ask them for a mouthful or two (of meals) or a date or two but the poor is that who has not enough (money) to satisfy his needs and whose condition is not known to others, that others may give him something in charity, and who does not beg of people." (Using translation from Bukhārī 1479)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَيْسَ الْمِسْكِينُ هَذَا الطَّوَّافُ الَّذِي يَطُوفُ عَلَى النَّاسِ تَرُدُّهُ اللُّقْمَةُ وَاللُّقْمَتَانِ وَالتَّمْرَةُ وَالتَّمْرَتَانِ لَكِنَّ الْمِسْكِينَ الَّذِي لَا يَجِدُ غِنًى يُغْنِيهِ وَيَسْتَحِي أَنْ يَسْأَلَ النَّاسَ وَلَا يُفْطَنُ لَهُ فَيُتَصَدَّقُ عَلَيْهِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: The destitute is not the one who receives dates or two dates or a mouthful or two mouthfuls of food. Rather, the destitute is the one who refrains from begging. Read if you wish: "They do not ask people persistently". [Al-Baqarah 2:273]  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَيْسَ الْمِسْكِينُ الَّذِي تَرُدُّهُ التَّمْرَةُ وَالتَّمْرَتَانِ وَاللُّقْمَةُ وَاللُّقْمَتَانِ إِنَّمَا الْمِسْكِينُ الَّذِي يَتَعَفَّفُ اقْرَءُوا إِنْ شِئْتُمْ {لَا يَسْأَلُونَ النَّاسَ إِلْحَافًا } [البقرة 273]  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to say in his supplication, "O Allah, I seek refuge in You from poverty, scarcity, and humiliation. And I seek refuge in You from oppressing or being oppressed." It is also narrated in a hadith by Abu Bakr from the Prophet ﷺ that he said, "O Allah, I seek refuge in You from disbelief and poverty." And in a hadith by Abu Salih from Abu Hurairah, it is narrated from the Prophet ﷺ, "Settle our debts and make us needless of poverty."  

كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ فِي دُعَائِهِ اللهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنَ الْفَقْرِ وَالْقِلَّةِ وَالذِّلَّةِ وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ أَنْ أَظْلِمَ أَوْ أُظْلَمَ وَرُوِّينَا أَيْضًا فِي حَدِيثِ أَبِي بَكْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَالَ اللهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنَ الْكُفْرِ وَالْفَقْرِ وَفِي حَدِيثِ أَبِي صَالِحٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ؓ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ اقْضِ عَنَّا الدَّيْنَ وَاغْنِنَا مِنَ الْفَقْرِ  

[Machine] I heard Ubada bin As-Samit say: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to say, "O Allah! Make me live as a poor person and cause me to die as a poor person, and gather me among the group of the poor."  

سَمِعْتُ عُبَادَةَ بْنَ الصَّامِتِ ؓ يَقُولُ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ اللهُمَّ أَحْيِنِي مِسْكِينًا وَتَوَفَّنِي مِسْكِينًا وَاحْشُرْنِي فِي زُمْرَةِ الْمَسَاكِينِ  

[Machine] "Allahumma ahyini miskeenan wa amitni miskeenan wa hashurni fi zimratil masakeena yawm al-qiyamah." Aisha said, "O Messenger of Allah, why so?" He said, "Because they enter Paradise forty years before the rich. O Aisha, never turn away a poor person, even if it is with half a date. O Aisha, love the poor and bring them close, for surely Allah will bring you close on the Day of Judgment." Our companions sought refuge from poverty and asked for sufficiency, and he already had some sufficiency, which indicates that a poor person is one who has some sufficiency." The scholar said it has been narrated in the hadith of Shayban from Qatadah from Anas from the Prophet ﷺ that he sought refuge from poverty and destitution, so it is not permissible for his seeking refuge from a state of honor in many reports, or from a state for which he asked to be given life and death. It is not permissible for his request to contradict what he died upon, for he died satisfied with what Allah the Almighty bestowed upon him. And the purpose of these hadiths is clear to me, and Allah knows best, that he sought refuge from the trials of poverty and destitution, which refer to scarcity, as he sought refuge from the trial of wealth."  

اللهِ ﷺ اللهُمَّ أَحْيِنِي مِسْكِينًا وَأَمِتْنِي مِسْكِينًا وَاحْشُرْنِي فِي زُمْرَةِ الْمَسَاكِينِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فَقَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ ؓ وَلِمَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ قَالَ لِأَنَّهُمْ يَدْخُلُونَ الْجَنَّةَ قَبْلَ الْأَغْنِيَاءِ بِأَرْبَعِينَ خَرِيفًا يَا عَائِشَةُ لَا تَرُدِّي الْمِسْكِينَ وَلَوْ بِشِقِّ تَمْرَةٍ يَا عَائِشَةُ أَحِبِّي الْمِسَاكِينَ وَقَرِّبِيهِمْ فَإِنَّ اللهَ يُقَرِّبُكِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ قَالَ أَصْحَابُنَا فَقَدِ اسْتَعَاذَ مِنَ الْفَقْرِ وَسَأَلَ الْمَسْكَنَةَ وَقَدْ كَانَ لَهُ بَعْضُ الْكِفَايَةِ يَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّ الْمِسْكِينَ مَنْ لَهُ بَعْضُ الْكِفَايَةِ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ قَدْ رُوِيَ فِي حَدِيثِ شَيْبَانَ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ عَنْ أَنَسٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ اسْتَعَاذَ مِنَ الْمَسْكَنَةِ وَالْفَقْرِ فَلَا يَجُوزُ أَنْ يَكُونَ اسْتِعَاذَتُهُ مِنَ الْحَالِ الَّتِي شَرَّفَهَا فِي أَخْبَارٍ كَثِيرَةٍ وَلَا مِنَ الْحَالِ الَّتِي سَأَلَ أَنْ يُحْيَى وَيُمَاتَ عَلَيْهَا وَلَا يَجُوزُ أَنْ يَكُونَ مَسْأَلَتُهُ مُخَالِفَةً لِمَا مَاتَ ﷺ عَلَيْهِ فَقَدْ مَاتَ مَكْفِيًّا بِمَا أَفَاءَ اللهُ تَعَالَى عَلَيْهِ وَوَجْهُ هَذِهِ الْأَحَادِيثِ عِنْدِي وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ اسْتَعَاذَ مِنْ فِتْنَتِهِ الْفَقْرِ وَالْمَسْكَنَةِ اللَّذَيْنِ يَرْجِعُ مَعْنَاهُمَا إِلَى الْقِلَّةِ كَمَا اسْتَعَاذَ مِنْ فِتْنَةِ الْغِنَى  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to seek refuge, saying: "O Allah, I seek refuge with You from the tribulation of Hellfire, the tribulation of the grave, the punishment of the grave, and the evil of the tribulation of wealth and the evil of the tribulation of poverty. O Allah, I seek refuge with You from the evil of the Dajjal's tribulation and he mentioned the Hadith, and this Hadith is authentic and it indicates that he sought refuge from the tribulation of poverty without being in a state of poverty, and from the tribulation of wealth without being in a state of wealth. As for his saying, "If it is as he said, then it means that his state at the time of his death was such that he did not ask for the state of poverty which indicates a shortage, but rather he asked for the state of poverty which indicates humility and humility. It is as if he ﷺ asked Allah, the Most High, not to make him one of the arrogant oppressors and not to gather him among the group of the rich and indulgent." Al-Qa'nabi said: "And al-Masakana is a term that is derived from stillness. It is said that a person settles down when he is calm, humbled, and humble. And from it is the saying of the Prophet ﷺ to the one praying: Be still and calm, meaning, humble yourself and be humble before Allah."  

كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَتَعَوَّذُ يَقُولُ اللهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ فِتْنَةِ النَّارِ وَفِتْنَةِ الْقَبْرِ وَعَذَابِ الْقَبْرِ وَشَرِّ فِتْنَةِ الْغِنَى وَشَرِّ فِتْنَةِ الْفَقْرِ اللهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ شَرِّ فِتْنَةِ الدَّجَّالِ وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ وَهَذَا حَدِيثٌ ثَابِتٌ قَدْ أَخْرَجَاهُ فِي الصَّحِيحِ وَفِيهِ دَلَالَةٌ عَلَى أَنَّهُ إِنَّمَا اسْتَعَاذَ مِنْ فِتْنَةِ الْفَقْرِ دُونَ حَالِ الْفَقْرِ وَمَنْ فِتْنَةِ الْغِنَى دُونَ حَالِ الْغِنَى وَأَمَّا قَوْلُهُ إِنْ كَانَ قَالَهُ أَحْيِنِي مِسْكِينًا وَأَمِتْنِي مِسْكِينًا فَهُوَ إِنْ صَحَّ طَرِيقُهُ وَفِيهِ نَظَرٌ وَالَّذِي يَدُلُّ عَلَيْهِ أَنَّهُ حَالُهُ عِنْدَ وَفَاتِهِ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَسْأَلْ حَالَ الْمَسْكَنَةِ الَّتِي يَرْجِعُ مَعْنَاهَا إِلَى الْقِلَّةِ وَإِنَّمَا سَأَلَ الْمَسْكَنَةَ الَّتِي يَرْجِعُ مَعْنَاهَا إِلَى الْإِخْبَاتِ وَالتَّوَاضُعِ فَكَأَنَّهُ ﷺ سَأَلَ اللهَ تَعَالَى أَنْ لَا يَجْعَلَهُ مِنَ الْجَبَّارِينَ الْمُتَكَبِّرِينَ وَأَنْ لَا يَحْشُرَهُ فِي زُمْرَةِ الْأَغْنِيَاءِ الْمُتْرَفِينَ قَالَ الْقَعْنَبِيُّ وَالْمَسْكَنَةُ حَرْفٌ مَأْخُوذٌ مِنَ السُّكُونِ يُقَالُ تَمَسْكَنَ الرَّجُلُ إِذَا لَانَ وَتَوَاضَعَ وَخَشَعَ وَمِنْهُ قَوْلُ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ لِلْمُصَلِّي تَيَأَّسْ وَتَمَسْكَنْ يُرِيدُ تَخَشَّعَ وَتَوَاضَعَ لِلَّهِ  

[Machine] I heard Abu Sa'id Al Khudri saying, "O people, fear Allah and do not let delusion lead you to seek sustenance unlawfully. For I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, 'O Allah, gather me among the group of the poor and do not gather me among the group of the wealthy. Verily, the most wretched of the wretched are those upon whom the poverty of this world and the punishment of the Hereafter are combined.'"  

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيَّ ؓ يَقُولُ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ اتَّقُوا اللهَ وَلَا يَحْمِلَنَّكُمُ الْغُرَّةُ عَلَى أَنْ تَطْلُبُوا الرِّزْقَ مِنْ غَيْرِ حِلِّهِ فَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ اللهُمَّ احْشُرْنِي فِي زُمْرَةِ الْمَسَاكِينِ وَلَا تَحْشُرْنِي فِي زُمْرَةِ الْأَغْنِيَاءِ فَإِنَّ أَشْقَى الْأَشْقِيَاءِ مَنِ اجْتَمَعَ عَلَيْهِ فَقْرُ الدُّنْيَا وَعَذَابُ الْآخِرَةِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Charity is not permissible for the rich or for one who is satisfied with little." 13156  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَا تَحِلُّ الصَّدَقَةُ لِغَنِيٍّ وَلَا لِذِي مِرَّةٍ سَوِيٍّ 13156  

[Machine] It is an evil wealth that is only for the blind, the lame, the destitute and the orphans, and all those who are cut off. So I said that those who work for it have a right, and for the mujahideen, he said to those who work for it according to their efforts, and for the mujahideen in the way of Allah according to their need or he said their situation. The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , said: "Charity does not belong to the rich or those with stable livelihood."  

هِيَ شَرُّ مَالٍ إِنَّمَا هِيَ مَالٌ لِلْعُمْيَانِ وَالْعُرْجَانِ وَالْكُسْحَانِ وَالْيَتَامَى وَكُلٌّ مُنْقَطِعٌ بِهِ فَقُلْتُ إِنَّ لِلْعَامِلِينَ عَلَيْهَا حَقًّا وَلِلْمُجَاهِدِينَ فَقَالَ لِلْعَامِلِينَ عَلَيْهَا بِقَدْرِ عَمَالَتِهِمْ وَلِلْمُجَاهِدِينَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ قَدْرُ حَاجَتِهِمْ أَوْ قَالَ حَالِهِمْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّ الصَّدَقَةَ لَا تَحِلُّ لِغَنِيٍّ وَلَا لِذِي مِرَّةٍ سَوِيٍّ  

[Machine] "On the authority of the Prophet, ﷺ , he said: 'Charity is not appropriate for a wealthy person or for one who is financially well-off.' Al-Humaydi narrated it from Sufyan with his chain of transmission. Abu Hurairah also said: 'The Prophet ﷺ mentioned it.'"  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ لَعَلَّهُ قَالَ لَا تَصْلُحُ الصَّدَقَةُ لِغَنِيٍّ وَلَا لِذِي مِرَّةٍ سَوِيٍّ وَرَوَاهُ الْحُمَيْدِيُّ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ بِإِسْنَادِهِ وَقَالَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ؓ يَبْلُغُ بِهِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Verily, charity is not permissible for the wealthy or for those who are well-off." This hadith was narrated by Abu Bakr ibn 'Ayyash and also by Abu Husayn on the authority of Abu Salih on the authority of Abu Hurayrah.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ إِنَّ الصَّدَقَةَ لَا تَحِلُّ لِغَنِيٍّ وَلَا لِذِي مِرَّةٍ سَوِيٍّ وَرَوَاهُ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ مَرَّةً أُخْرَى عَنْ أَبِي حُصَيْنٍ عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ؓ  

[Machine] Two men said, "We came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ while he was distributing the blessings of charity. So we asked him, and he looked at us attentively and said, 'You may take whatever you wish, as there is no right for the rich or the strong in it.' And in another narration by As-Saffar, he looked up and corrected."  

عَنْ رَجُلَيْنِ قَالَا أَتَيْنَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ يَقْسِمُ نَعَمَ الصَّدَقَةِ فَسَأَلْنَاهُ فَصَعَّدَ فِينَا النَّظَرَ وَصَوَّبَ فَقَالَ مَا شِئْتُمَا فَلَا حَقَّ فِيهَا لِغَنِيٍّ وَلَا لِقَوِيٍّ مُكْتَسِبٍ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ الصَّفَّارِ فَصَعَّدَ الْبَصَرَ وَصَوَّبَ  

Two men informed me that they went to the Prophet ﷺ when he was at the Farewell Pilgrimage while he was distributing the sadaqah and asked him for some of it. He looked us up and down, and seeing that we were robust, he said: If you wish, I shall give you something, but there is nothing spare in it for a rich man or for one who is strong and able to earn a living. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 1633)   

أَخْبَرَنِي رَجُلَانِ أَنَّهُمَا أَتَيَا إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ وَهُوَ يَقْسِمُ الصَّدَقَةَ فَسَأَلَاهُ مِنْهَا فَرَفَعَ فِينَا الْبَصَرَ وَخَفَضَهُ فَرَآنَا جَلْدَيْنِ فَقَالَ إِنْ شِئْتُمَا أَعْطَيْتُكُمَا وَلَا حَظَّ فِيهَا لِغَنِيٍّ وَلَا لِقَوِيٍّ مُكْتَسِبٍ  

[Machine] He informed him that he returned to a water which he named, so it turned out to be a type of charity. And they were giving it to drink, so they milked it for me and I placed it in my container. Then Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, put his finger in it and tasted it.  

فَأَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّهُ وَرَدَ عَلَى مَاءٍ قَدْ سَمَّاهُ فَإِذَا نَعَمٌ مِنْ نَعَمِ الصَّدَقَةِ وَهُمْ يَسْقُونَ فَحَلَبُوا لِي مِنْ أَلْبَانِهَا فَجَعَلْتُهُ فِي سِقَائِي هَذَا فَأَدْخَلَ عُمَرُ ؓ أُصْبُعَهُ فِي فِيهِ وَاسْتَقَاءَهُ  

[Machine] "O son of Abi Rabee'ah, I am not like you, as surely, by God, you follow its footsteps."  

يَا ابْنَ أَبِي رَبِيعَةَ إِنِّي لَسْتُ كَهَيْئَتِكَ إِنَّكَ وَاللهِ تَتْبَعُ أَذْنَابَهَا  

The Prophet ﷺ said: Sadaqah may not be given to rich man, with the exception of five classes: One who fights in Allah's path, or who collects it, or a debtor, or a man who buys it with his money, or a man who has a poor neighbour who has been given sadaqah and gives a present to the rich man. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 1635)   

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ لَا تَحِلُّ الصَّدَقَةُ لِغَنِيٍّ إِلَّا لِخَمْسَةٍ لِغَازٍ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ أَوْ لِعَامِلٍ عَلَيْهَا أَوْ لِغَارِمٍ أَوْ لِرَجُلٍ اشْتَرَاهَا بِمَالِهِ أَوْ رَجُلٍ لَهُ جَارٌ مِسْكِينٌ فَتَصَدَّقَ عَلَى الْمِسْكِينِ فَأَهْدَى الْمِسْكِينُ لِلْغَنِيِّ أَرْسَلَهُ مَالِكٌ وَابْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ وَأَسْنَدَهُ مَعْمَرٌ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Charity is not permissible for a wealthy person except for five individuals: one who works for it, or one who buys it with his own money, or a poor person who gives it as a gift to a wealthy person, or a debtor, or a fighter in the cause of Allah.  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَا تَحِلُّ الصَّدَقَةُ لِغَنِيٍّ إِلَّا لِخَمْسَةٍ رَجُلٍ عَامَلٍ عَلَيْهَا أَوْ رَجُلٍ اشْتَرَاهَا بِمَالِهِ أَوْ رَجُلٍ مِسْكِينٍ تُصِدِّقَ عَلَيْهِ بِهَا فَأَهْدَاهَا لِغَنِيٍّ أَوْ غَارِمٍ أَوْ غَازٍ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ ﷻ