17. Sūrat al-Isrāʾ (1/3)

١٧۔ سُورَةُ الإسْرَاء ص ١

The Night Journey (Meccan)

quran:17:1In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

Exalted is He who took His Servant by night from al-Masjid al-Haram to al-Masjid al-Aqsa, whose surroundings We have blessed, to show him of Our signs. Indeed, He is the Hearing, the Seeing.  

Glory be to Him — an affirmation of ˹God’s˺ transcendence — Who carried His servant, Muhammad (s), by night (laylan is in the accusative as an adverbial qualification; isrā’ means ‘to travel by night’; what is instructive about this mention ˹of laylan, ‘by night’˺ is that, through its being indefinite, there is an indication of the brevity of its duration) from the Sacred Mosque, that is, Mecca, to the Farthest Mosque, the Holy House ˹of Jerusalem˺, so called because of its distance from the former; the environs of which We have blessed, with fruits and rivers, that We might show him some of Our signs, the marvels of Our power. Indeed He is the Hearing, the Seeing, that is to say, the Knower of the Prophet’s (s) sayings and deeds. Thus He ˹God˺ was gracious to him by way of ˹carrying him on˺ the night journey, which comprised his encountering the ˹other˺ prophets, his ascension to heaven and the sight of the marvels of the ˹Divine˺ Realm and His communion, exalted be He, with him. For he ˹the Prophet˺ (s) said: ‘I was brought al-Burāq, a white animal, larger than a donkey but smaller than a mule; it was able to place its hoof ˹back˺ towards its extremity and so I mounted it. It set off carrying me until I reached the Holy House ˹of Jerusalem˺. ˹There˺ I fastened the animal to the ring where the prophets fasten ˹their animals˺. I then went in and prayed two units inside it. As I came out, Gabriel came to me with a jug of wine and a jug of milk, and so I chose the milk. Gabriel said ˹to me˺, “You have made the right choice ˹by choosing˺ the primordial nature (fitra)”.’ He ˹the Prophet˺ continued ˹the narration˺, ‘We then ascended to the heaven of this world, whereat Gabriel asked to be let in. Someone asked, “Who are you?”. He replied, “Gabriel”, “And who is with you?”, “Muhammad (s)”, he said. “Has he been sent for?”. “Yes, he has been sent for”. Then it was opened for us, and lo! Adam stood before me; he greeted me and prayed for well-being for me. We then ascended to the second heaven and Gabriel asked to be let in. Someone asked, “Who are you?”. He replied, “Gabriel”, “And who is with you?”, “Muhammad (s)”, he said. “Has he been called forth?”. “Yes, he has been called forth”. And it was opened up for us, and lo! there were the two ˹maternal˺ cousins, John and Jesus. They greeted me and prayed for well-being for me. We then ascended to the third heaven and Gabriel asked to be let in. Someone asked, “Who are you?”. He replied, “Gabriel”, “And who is with you?”, “Muhammad (s)”, he said. “Has he been sent for?” it was asked. “Yes, he has been sent for”. And it was opened up for us, and lo! there was Joseph standing before me, and indeed he had been given one half of all beauty! He greeted me and prayed for well-being for me. We then ascended to the fourth heaven and Gabriel asked to be let in. Someone asked, “Who are you?”. He replied, “Gabriel”, “And who is with you?”, “Muhammad (s)”, he said. “Has he been called forth?”, it was asked. “Yes, he has been called forth”, he replied. And it was opened up for us, and lo! there before me was Enoch (Idrīs). He greeted me and prayed for well-being for me. We then ascended to the fifth heaven and Gabriel asked to be let in. Someone asked, “Who are you?”. He replied, “Gabriel”. “And who is with you?” it was asked, “Muhammad (s)”, he replied. “Has he been sent for?”, it was said. “Yes, he has been sent for”, he replied. And it was opened up for us, and lo! there before me was Aaron. He greeted me and prayed for well-being for me. We then ascended to the sixth heaven and Gabriel asked to be let in. Someone asked, “Who are you?”. He replied, “Gabriel”; “and who is with you?”, “Muhammad (s)”, he said. “Has he been called forth?”, it was asked. “Yes, he has been called forth”. And it was opened up for us, and lo! there before me was Moses. He greeted me and prayed for well-being for me. We then ascended to the seventh heaven and Gabriel asked to be let in. Someone asked, “Who are you?”. He replied, “Gabriel”, “And who is with you?”; “Muhammad (s)”, he said. “Has he been called forth?”, it was asked. “Yes, he has been called forth”, he replied. And it was opened up for us, and lo! there before me was Abraham, leaning ˹seated˺ against the Frequented House (al-bayt al-ma‘mūr), into which 70,000 angels enter every day never to return thereto. I was then taken to the Lote-Tree of the Boundary (sidrat al295 muntahā), and lo! its leaves resemble the ears of elephants, its fruits like pitchers ˹in size˺. When some command of God’s enveloped it, it changed, and lo! none of God’s creation could describe it for all its beauty’. He ˹the Prophet˺ continued: ‘God then revealed to me what He revealed and prescribed for me fifty prayers each day and night. I then descended until I reached Moses and he said, “What has your Lord prescribed for your community?” I said, “Fifty prayers each day and night”. He said, “Go back to your Lord and ask Him for an alleviation, for your community will not have the capacity for it: I have tried the Children of Israel and have experience of them ˹not being up to the task˺.” I then went back to my Lord and said, “My Lord! Lighten that ˹prescription˺ for my community”, and so He reduced it for me by five. I went back to Moses who asked me, “What did you do?”. I said to him, ‘He has reduced it for me by five’, to which he said, “Your community will not have the capacity for this; so go back to your Lord and ask Him for an alleviation for your community”. Thus I kept going back and forth between my Lord and Moses, with Him reducing it by five each time until He said, “O Muhammad (s)! They shall be five prayers each day and night, every prayer will be worth ˹the reward of˺ ten ˹prayers˺; that then makes fifty prayers. And whoever intends a good deed but does not perform it, I shall count it for him as one ˹done˺; and if he performs it, I shall count it for him as ten; and whoever intends an evil deed, but does not perform it, it shall not be recorded against him; but if he performs it, it shall be recorded ˹only˺ as one evil deed”. I then descended until I reached Moses. I informed him and he said, “Go back to your Lord and ask Him for an alleviation for your community, because your community will not have the capacity for this”; and I said, “I have gone back to my Lord so many times that I am ashamed ˹to go again˺”. This ˹hadīth˺ is reported by the two Shaykhs ˹al-Bukhārī and Muslim˺; but the wording ˹of this version˺ is that of ˹the report in the Sahīh of˺ Muslim. Al-Hākim ˹alNaysābūrī˺ reports in the Mustadrak by way of Ibn ‘Abbās that he said, ‘The Prophet (s) said, “I did see my Lord, Mighty and Majestic”.’
القرآن:١٧:١بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

سُبْحَانَ الَّذِي أَسْرَىٰ بِعَبْدِهِ لَيْلًا مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ الْأَقْصَى الَّذِي بَارَكْنَا حَوْلَهُ لِنُرِيَهُ مِنْ آيَاتِنَا ۚ إِنَّهُ هُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْبَصِيرُ  

(سبحان) أي تنزيه (الذي أسرى بعبده) محمد ﷺ (ليلاً) نصب على الظرف والإسراء سير الليل وفائدة ذكره الإشارة بتنكيره إلى تقليل مدته (من المسجد الحرام إلى المسجد الأقصى) بيت المقدس لبعده منه (الذي باركنا حوله) بالثمار والأنهار (لنريه من آياتنا) عجائب قدرتنا (إنه هو السميع البصير) أي العالم بأقوال النبي ﷺ وأفعاله فأنعم عليه بالإسراء المشتمل على اجتماعه بالأنبياء وعروجه إلى السماء، ورؤية عجائب الملكوت، ومناجاته له تعالى، فإنه ﷺ قال: "" أتيت بالبراق وهو دابة أبيض فوق الحمار ودون البغل يضع حافره عند منتهى طرفه فركبته فسار بي حتى أتيت بيت المقدس، فربطت الدابة بالحلقة التي تربط فيها الأنبياء، ثم دخلت فصليت فيه ركعتين، ثم خرجت فجاءني جبريل بإناء من خمر وإناء من لبن فاخترت اللبن، قال جبريل: أصبت الفطرة، قال: ثم عرج بي إلى السماء الدنيا، فاستفتح جبريل قيل: من أنت قال: جبريل، قيل: ومن معك؟ قال: محمد قيل: أو قد أرسل إليه؟ قال: قد أرسل إليه، ففتح لنا فإذا أنا بآدم فرحب بي ودعا لي بالخير، ثم عرج بي إلى السماء الثانية فاستفتح جبريل فقيل: من أنت فقال: جبريل قيل: ومن معك قال: محمد قيل أو قد بعث إليه قال: قد بعث إليه ففتح لنا فإذا بابني الخالة يحيى وعيسى فرحبا بي ودعوا لي بالخير ثم عرج بنا إلى السماء الثالثة فاستفتح جبريل فقيل: من أنت؟ قال: جبريل فقيل: ومن معك قال: محمد فقيل: أو قد أرسل إليه قال: قد أرسل إليه ففتح لنا فإذا أنا بيوسف وإذا هو قد أعطي شطر الحسن فرحب بي ودعا لي بخير ثم عرج بنا إلى السماء الرابعة فاستفتح جبريل فقيل: من أنت قال جبريل فقيل: ومن معك قال: محمد فقيل: أو قد بعث إليه قال: قد بعث إليه ففتح لنا فإذا أنا بإدريس فرحب بي ودعا لي بخير ثم عرج بنا إلى السماء الخامسة فاستفتح جبريل فقيل: من أنت قال: جبريل فقيل: ومن معك قال: محمد فقيل: أو قد بعث إليه قال: قد بعث إليه ففتح لنا فإذا أنا بهارون فرحب بي ودعا لي بخير ثم عرج بنا إلى السماء السادسة فاستفتح جبريل فقيل: من أنت فقال: جبريل فقيل: ومن معك قال: محمد فقيل: أو قد بعث إليه قال: قد بعث إليه ففتح لنا فإذا أنا بموسى فرحب بي ودعا لي بخير ثم عرج بنا إلى السماء السابعة فاستفتح جبريل فقيل: من أنت فقال: جبريل قيل ومن معك فقال: محمد قيل: أو قد بعث إليه قال: قد بعث إليه ففتح لنا فإذا أنا بإبراهيم فإذا هو مستند إلى البيت المعمور وإذا هو يدخله كل يوم سبعون ألف ملك ثم لا يعودون إليه; ثم ذهب إلى سدرة المنتهى فإذا أوراقها كآذان الفيلة وإذا ثمرها كالقلال فلما غشيها من أمر الله ما غشيها تغيرت فما أحد من خلق الله تعالى يستطيع أن يصفها من حسنها قال: فأوحى الله إلي ما أوحى وفرض علي في كل يوم وليلة خمسين صلاة فنزلت حتى انتهيت إلى موسى فقال: ما فرض ربك على أمتك قلت: خمسين صلاة في كل يوم وليلة قال: ارجع إلى ربك فاسأله التخفيف لأمتك فإن أمتك لا تطيق ذلك وإني قد بلوت بني إسرائيل وخبرتهم قال: فرجعت إلى ربي فقلت: أي رب خفف عن أمتي فحط عني خمسا فرجعت إلى موسى قال: ما فعلت فقلت قد حط عني خمسا قال: إن أمتك لا تطيق ذلك فارجع إلى ربك فاسأله التخفيف لأمتك قال: فلم أزل أرجع بين ربي وبين موسى ويحط عني خمسا خمسا حتى قال: يا محمد هي خمس صلوات في كل يوم وليلة بكل صلاة عشر فتلك خمسون صلاة ومن هم بحسنة فلم يعملها كتبت له حسنة فإن عملها كتبت له عشرا ومن هم بسيئة ولم يعملها لم تكتب فإن عملها كتبت له سيئة واحدة فنزلت حتى انتهيت إلى موسى فأخبرته فقال ارجع إلى ربك فاسأله التخفيف فإن أمتك لا تطيق ذلك فقلت:"قد رجعت إلى ربي حتى استحييت" رواه الشيخان واللفظ لمسلم وروى الحاكم في المستدرك عن ابن عباس قال: قال رسول الله ﷺ "رأيت ربي ﷻ".
quran:17:2

And We gave Moses the Scripture and made it a guidance for the Children of Israel that you not take other than Me as Disposer of affairs,  

God, exalted be He, says: And We gave Moses the Scripture, the Torah, and made it a guidance for the Children of Israel ˹saying˺ that they should not choose beside Me any guardian, to whom they delegate their affairs (a variant reading ˹for yattakhidhū, ‘they should ˹not˺ choose’˺ is tattakhidhū, ‘you should ˹not˺ choose’, thus turning away ˹from the third person address˺, in which case ˹the particle˺ an, ‘that’, is extra and the ‘saying’ is implicit).
القرآن:١٧:٢

وَآتَيْنَا مُوسَى الْكِتَابَ وَجَعَلْنَاهُ هُدًى لِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ أَلَّا تَتَّخِذُوا مِنْ دُونِي وَكِيلًا  

قال تعالى {وآتينا موسى الكتاب} التوراة {وجعلناه هدى لبني إسرائيل} لـ {أ} ن {لا يتخذوا من دوني وكيلاً} يفوضون إليه أمرهم وفي قراءة تتخذوا بالفوقانية التفاتا فأن زائدة والقول مضمر.
quran:17:3

O descendants of those We carried ˹in the ship˺ with Noah. Indeed, he was a grateful servant.  

descendants of those whom We carried with Noah, in the Ark. Indeed he was a grateful servant, giving thanks to Us frequently, and offering praise in whichever state he found himself.
القرآن:١٧:٣

ذُرِّيَّةَ مَنْ حَمَلْنَا مَعَ نُوحٍ ۚ إِنَّهُ كَانَ عَبْدًا شَكُورًا  

يا {ذرية من حملنا مع نوح} في السفينة {إنه كان عبدا شكورا} كثير الشكر لنا حامدا في جميع أحواله.
quran:17:4

And We conveyed to the Children of Israel in the Scripture that, "You will surely cause corruption on the earth twice, and you will surely reach ˹a degree of˺ great haughtiness.  

And We decreed, We revealed, to the Children of Israel in the Scripture, the Torah: ‘You shall indeed work corruption in the land, the land of Syria, through acts of disobedience, twice and you shall indeed become great tyrants’, you shall perpetrate grave injustice.
القرآن:١٧:٤

وَقَضَيْنَا إِلَىٰ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فِي الْكِتَابِ لَتُفْسِدُنَّ فِي الْأَرْضِ مَرَّتَيْنِ وَلَتَعْلُنَّ عُلُوًّا كَبِيرًا  

{وقضينا} أوحينا {إلى بني إسرائيل في الكتاب} التوراة {لتفسدن في الأرض} أرض الشام بالمعاصي {مرتين ولتعلُن علوا كبيرا} تبغون بغيا عظيما.
quran:17:5

So when the ˹time of˺ promise came for the first of them, We sent against you servants of Ours - those of great military might, and they probed ˹even˺ into the homes, and it was a promise fulfilled.  

So when the time for the first of the two ˹prophecies˺, the first of the two occasions for corruption, came, We roused against you servants of Ours of great might, men who are strong in war and assault, who ransacked, who came and went, seeking you out ˹through˺, ˹your˺ habitations, in the ˹very˺ midst of your homes, in order to slay you and take ˹others among˺ you captive, and it was a promise fulfilled. Their first act of corruption was their slaying of ˹the prophet˺ Zachariah. So Goliath and his army were roused against them, and they slew them and took their children captive and destroyed the Holy House ˹of Jerusalem˺.
القرآن:١٧:٥

فَإِذَا جَاءَ وَعْدُ أُولَاهُمَا بَعَثْنَا عَلَيْكُمْ عِبَادًا لَنَا أُولِي بَأْسٍ شَدِيدٍ فَجَاسُوا خِلَالَ الدِّيَارِ ۚ وَكَانَ وَعْدًا مَفْعُولًا  

{فإذا جاء وعد أولاهما} أولى مَرَّتي الفساد {بعثنا عليكم عبادا لنا أولي بأس شديد} أصحاب قوة في الحرب والبطش {فجاسوا} ترددوا لطلبكم {خلال الديار} وسط دياركم ليقتلوكم ويسبوكم {وكان وعدا مفعولاً} وقد أفسدوا الأولى بقتل زكريا فبعث عليهم جالوت وجنوده فقتلوهم وسبوا أولادهم وضربوا بين المقدس.
quran:17:6

Then We gave back to you a return victory over them. And We reinforced you with wealth and sons and made you more numerous in manpower  

Then We gave you back the turn, the ˹rule of the˺ state and victory, ˹to prevail˺ over them, one hundred years later, by having Goliath slain, and We aided you with children and wealth, and made you greater in number, in clan.
القرآن:١٧:٦

ثُمَّ رَدَدْنَا لَكُمُ الْكَرَّةَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَأَمْدَدْنَاكُمْ بِأَمْوَالٍ وَبَنِينَ وَجَعَلْنَاكُمْ أَكْثَرَ نَفِيرًا  

{ثم رددنا لكم الكرة} الدولة والغلبة {عليهم} بعد مائة سنة بقتل جالوت {وأمددناكم بأموال وبنين وجعلناكم أكثر نفيرا} عشيرة.
quran:17:7

˹And said˺, "If you do good, you do good for yourselves; and if you do evil, ˹you do it˺ to yourselves." Then when the final promise came, ˹We sent your enemies˺ to sadden your faces and to enter the temple in Jerusalem, as they entered it the first time, and to destroy what they had taken over with ˹total˺ destruction.  

And We said: ‘If you are virtuous, through ˹acts of˺ obedience, you are being virtuous to your own souls, since the reward thereof is for them ˹your souls˺; and if you do evil, by way of ˹working˺ corruption, it is for them’, your evildoing. So when the time, the occasion, for the other ˹prophecy˺ comes, We will raise them forth, that they might ravage you, make you grieve through ˹their˺ slaying and taking captive ˹of you˺, a grief that will be manifest on your faces, and that they might enter the Temple, the Holy House ˹of Jerusalem˺, and destroy it, just as they entered it, and destroyed it, the first time, and that they might destroy, lay waste, all that they conquered, ˹all that˺ they gained ascendancy over, utterly, with an utter wasting. They indeed wrought corruption a second time when they slew ˹the prophet˺ John. Thus Nebuchadnezzar was roused against them, and so he slew thousands of them and took their children captive and destroyed the Holy House ˹of Jerusalem˺.
القرآن:١٧:٧

إِنْ أَحْسَنْتُمْ أَحْسَنْتُمْ لِأَنْفُسِكُمْ ۖ وَإِنْ أَسَأْتُمْ فَلَهَا ۚ فَإِذَا جَاءَ وَعْدُ الْآخِرَةِ لِيَسُوءُوا وُجُوهَكُمْ وَلِيَدْخُلُوا الْمَسْجِدَ كَمَا دَخَلُوهُ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍ وَلِيُتَبِّرُوا مَا عَلَوْا تَتْبِيرًا  

وقلنا {إن أحسنتم} بالطاعة {أحسنتم لأنفسكم} لأن ثوابه لها {وإن أسأتم} بالفساد {فلها} إساءتكم {فإذا جاء وعد} المرة {الآخرة} بعثناهم {ليسوءوا وجوهكم} يحزنوكم بالقتل والسبي حزنا يظهر في وجوهكم {وليدخلوا المسجد} بيت المقدس فيخربوه {كما دخلوه} وخربوه {أول مرة وليتبروا} يهلكوا {ما علوْا} غلبوا عليه {تتبيرا} هلاكا وقد أفسدوا ثانيا بقتل يحيى فبعث عليهم بختنصر فقتل منهم ألوفا وسبى ذريتهم وخرب بيت المقدس.
quran:17:8

˹Then Allah said˺, "It is expected, ˹if you repent˺, that your Lord will have mercy upon you. But if you return ˹to sin˺, We will return ˹to punishment˺. And We have made Hell, for the disbelievers, a prison-bed."  

And We said in the Scripture: It may be that your Lord will have mercy upon you, after the second time, if you were to repent; but if you revert, to ˹working˺ corruption, We ˹too˺ will revert, to punishment. And assuredly they did revert by denying the Prophet (s), and so he was given power over them, through the slaying of the ˹Banū˺ Qurayza, the expulsion of the ˹Banū˺ Nadīr and the exacting of the jizya-tax from them; and We have made Hell a dungeon for the disbelievers, a place of detention and a prison ˹for them˺.
القرآن:١٧:٨

عَسَىٰ رَبُّكُمْ أَنْ يَرْحَمَكُمْ ۚ وَإِنْ عُدْتُمْ عُدْنَا ۘ وَجَعَلْنَا جَهَنَّمَ لِلْكَافِرِينَ حَصِيرًا  

وقلنا في الكتاب {عسى ربكم أن يرحمكم} بعد المرة الثانية إن تبتم {وإن عدتم} إلى الفساد {عدنا} إلى العقوبة وقد عادوا بتكذيب محمد ﷺ فسلط عليهم بقتل قريظة ونفي النضير وضرب الجزية عليهم {وجعلنا جهنم للكافرين حصيرا} محبسا وسجنا.
quran:17:9

Indeed, this Qur'an guides to that which is most suitable and gives good tidings to the believers who do righteous deeds that they will have a great reward.  

Truly this Qur’ān guides to that, to that way, which is straightest, most upright and correct, and gives tidings to the believers who perform righteous deeds that there is a great reward for them.
القرآن:١٧:٩

إِنَّ هَٰذَا الْقُرْآنَ يَهْدِي لِلَّتِي هِيَ أَقْوَمُ وَيُبَشِّرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الَّذِينَ يَعْمَلُونَ الصَّالِحَاتِ أَنَّ لَهُمْ أَجْرًا كَبِيرًا  

{إن هذا القرآن يهدي للتي} أي للطريقة التي {هي أقوم} أعدل وأصوب {ويبشر المؤمنين الذين يعملون الصالحات أن لهم أجرا كبيرا}.
quran:17:10

And that those who do not believe in the Hereafter - We have prepared for them a painful punishment.  

And, it ˹this Qur’ān˺ informs, that those who do not believe in the Hereafter, We have prepared for them a painful chastisement, namely, the Fire.
القرآن:١٧:١٠

وَأَنَّ الَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِالْآخِرَةِ أَعْتَدْنَا لَهُمْ عَذَابًا أَلِيمًا  

{و} يخبر {أن الذين لا يؤمنون بالآخرة أعتدنا} أعددنا {لهم عذابا أليما} مؤلما هو النار.
quran:17:11

And man supplicates for evil as he supplicates for good, and man is ever hasty.  

And man prays for ill, against himself and his family when he is frustrated, as ˹avidly as˺ he prays for good. And mankind is ever hasty, to pray against himself, without contemplating the consequence thereof.
القرآن:١٧:١١

وَيَدْعُ الْإِنْسَانُ بِالشَّرِّ دُعَاءَهُ بِالْخَيْرِ ۖ وَكَانَ الْإِنْسَانُ عَجُولًا  

{ويَدْعُ الإنسان بالشر} على نفسه وأهله إذا ضجر {دعاءه} أي كدعائه له {بالخير وكان الإنسان} الجنس {عجولا} بالدعاء على نفسه وعدم النظر في عاقبته.
quran:17:12

And We have made the night and day two signs, and We erased the sign of the night and made the sign of the day visible that you may seek bounty from your Lord and may know the number of years and the account ˹of time˺. And everything We have set out in detail.  

And We made the night and the day two signs, ˹both˺ indicators of Our power. Then We effaced the sign of the night, extinguishing its light with darkness, so that you might repose therein (the annexation ˹āyata’layli, ‘the sign of the night’, is explicative), and made the sign of the day sight-giving, in other words, one in which it is possible to see because of the light; that you may seek, therein, bounty from your Lord, by earning ˹your livelihood˺, and that you may know, by both ˹day and night˺, the number of years and the reckoning, of the times ˹of the day˺, and everything, that might be needed, We have detailed very distinctly, We have explained clearly.
القرآن:١٧:١٢

وَجَعَلْنَا اللَّيْلَ وَالنَّهَارَ آيَتَيْنِ ۖ فَمَحَوْنَا آيَةَ اللَّيْلِ وَجَعَلْنَا آيَةَ النَّهَارِ مُبْصِرَةً لِتَبْتَغُوا فَضْلًا مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ وَلِتَعْلَمُوا عَدَدَ السِّنِينَ وَالْحِسَابَ ۚ وَكُلَّ شَيْءٍ فَصَّلْنَاهُ تَفْصِيلًا  

{وجعلنا الليل والنهار آيتين} دالتين على قدرتنا {فمحونا آية الليل} طمسنا نورها بالظلام لتسكنوا فيه والإضافة للبيان {وجعلنا آية النهار مبصرة} أي مبصرا فيها بالضوء {لتبتغوا} فيه {فضلاً من ربكم} بالكسب {ولتعلموا} بهما {عدد السنين والحساب} للأوقات {وكل شيء} يحتاج إليه {فصلناه تفصيلاً} بيناه تبيينا.
quran:17:13

And ˹for˺ every person We have imposed his fate upon his neck, and We will produce for him on the Day of Resurrection a record which he will encounter spread open.  

And We have attached every person’s omen — his deeds — for him to carry, upon his neck — this ˹site˺ is singled out for mention because fastening ˹something˺ to it is ˹much˺ more severe; Mujāhid ˹b. Jabr alMakkī˺ said, ‘There is not a child born but it has a leaf around its neck in which it is decreed ˹that the child will be either˺ fortunate or damned’ — and We shall bring forth for him, on the Day of Resurrection, a book, in which his deeds are recorded ˹and˺, which he will find wide open (yalqāhu manshūran: both are adjectival qualifications of kitāban, ‘a book’).
القرآن:١٧:١٣

وَكُلَّ إِنْسَانٍ أَلْزَمْنَاهُ طَائِرَهُ فِي عُنُقِهِ ۖ وَنُخْرِجُ لَهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ كِتَابًا يَلْقَاهُ مَنْشُورًا  

{وكل إنسان ألزمناه طائره} عمله يحمله {في عنقه} خص بالذكر لأن اللزوم فيه أشد وقال مجاهد: ما من مولد يولد إلا وفي عنقه ورقة مكتوب فيها شقي أو سعيد {ونخرج له يوم القيامة كتابا} مكتوبا فيه عمله {يلقاه منشورا} صفتان لكتابا.
quran:17:14

˹It will be said˺, "Read your record. Sufficient is yourself against you this Day as accountant."  

And it will be said to him: ‘Read your book! This day your soul suffices as your own reckoner’.
القرآن:١٧:١٤

اقْرَأْ كِتَابَكَ كَفَىٰ بِنَفْسِكَ الْيَوْمَ عَلَيْكَ حَسِيبًا  

ويقال له {اقرأ كتابك كفى بنفسك اليوم عليك حسيبا} محاسبا.
quran:17:15

Whoever is guided is only guided for ˹the benefit of˺ his soul. And whoever errs only errs against it. And no bearer of burdens will bear the burden of another. And never would We punish until We sent a messenger.  

Whoever is guided, is guided only to ˹the good of˺ his own soul, because the reward of his guidance will be for him; and whoever goes astray, goes astray only to its ˹his soul’s˺ detriment, because the sin thereof will be held against it. No burdened, ˹no˺ sinful, soul shall bear the burden of another, soul. And We never chastise, anyone, until We have sent a messenger, to make clear to him that which is his obligation.
القرآن:١٧:١٥

مَنِ اهْتَدَىٰ فَإِنَّمَا يَهْتَدِي لِنَفْسِهِ ۖ وَمَنْ ضَلَّ فَإِنَّمَا يَضِلُّ عَلَيْهَا ۚ وَلَا تَزِرُ وَازِرَةٌ وِزْرَ أُخْرَىٰ ۗ وَمَا كُنَّا مُعَذِّبِينَ حَتَّىٰ نَبْعَثَ رَسُولًا  

{من اهتدى فإنما يهتدي لنفسه} لأن ثواب اهتدائه له {ومن ضل فإنما يضل عليها} لأن إثمه عليها {ولا تزر} نفس {وازرة} آثمة أي لا تحمل {وزر} نفس {أخرى وما كنا معذبين} أحدا {حتى نبعث رسولاً} يبين له ما يجب عليه.
quran:17:16

And when We intend to destroy a city, We command its affluent but they defiantly disobey therein; so the word comes into effect upon it, and We destroy it with ˹complete˺ destruction.  

And when We desire to destroy a town We command its affluent ones, those ˹inhabitants˺ of its who enjoy the graces ˹of God˺, meaning its leaders, ˹We command them˺ to obedience, by the tongue of Our messengers; but they fall into immorality therein, rebelling against Our command, and so the Word is justified concerning it, that it should be chastised, and We destroy it utterly, We annihilate it by annihilating its inhabitants and leaving it in ruins.
القرآن:١٧:١٦

وَإِذَا أَرَدْنَا أَنْ نُهْلِكَ قَرْيَةً أَمَرْنَا مُتْرَفِيهَا فَفَسَقُوا فِيهَا فَحَقَّ عَلَيْهَا الْقَوْلُ فَدَمَّرْنَاهَا تَدْمِيرًا  

{وإذا أردنا أن نهلك قرية أمرنا مترفيها} منعميها بمعنى رؤسائها بالطاعة على لسان رسلنا {ففسقوا فيها} فخرجوا عن أمرنا {فحق عليها القول} بالعذاب {فدمرناها تدميرا} أهلكناها بإهلاك أهلها وتخريبها.
quran:17:17

And how many have We destroyed from the generations after Noah. And sufficient is your Lord, concerning the sins of His servants, as Acquainted and Seeing.  

How many — in other words, many — generations, communities, We have destroyed since Noah! And your Lord suffices as One Informed and Beholder of the sins of His servants, Knower of the hidden and manifest aspects of these ˹sins˺ (bi-rabbika, ‘your Lord’, is semantically connected to bi-dhunūb, ‘of the sins’).
القرآن:١٧:١٧

وَكَمْ أَهْلَكْنَا مِنَ الْقُرُونِ مِنْ بَعْدِ نُوحٍ ۗ وَكَفَىٰ بِرَبِّكَ بِذُنُوبِ عِبَادِهِ خَبِيرًا بَصِيرًا  

{وكم} أي كثيرا {أهلكنا من القرون} الأمم {من بعد نوح وكفى بربك بذنوب عباده خبيرا بصيرا} عالما ببواطنها وظواهرها وبه يتعلق بذنوب.
quran:17:18

Whoever should desire the immediate - We hasten for him from it what We will to whom We intend. Then We have made for him Hell, which he will ˹enter to˺ burn, censured and banished.  

Whoever desires, through his deeds, the hasty world, that is, ˹the life of˺ this world, We hasten for him therein whatever We will, for whom We please, ˹such˺ a hastening, (li-man nurīd, ‘for whom We please’, is a substitute for lahu, ‘for him’, with the repetition of the genitive particle ˹li-˺). Then We appoint for him, in the Hereafter, Hell, to which he will be exposed, ˹to which˺ he will be admitted, condemned, blameful, and rejected, banished from ˹God’s˺ mercy.
القرآن:١٧:١٨

مَنْ كَانَ يُرِيدُ الْعَاجِلَةَ عَجَّلْنَا لَهُ فِيهَا مَا نَشَاءُ لِمَنْ نُرِيدُ ثُمَّ جَعَلْنَا لَهُ جَهَنَّمَ يَصْلَاهَا مَذْمُومًا مَدْحُورًا  

{من كان يريد} بعمله {العاجلة} أي الدنيا {عجلنا له فيها ما نشاء لمن نريد} التعجيل له بدل من له بإعادة الجار {ثم جعلنا له} في الآخرة {جهنم يصلاها} يدخلها {مذموما} ملوما {مدحورا} مطرودا عن الرحمة.
quran:17:19

But whoever desires the Hereafter and exerts the effort due to it while he is a believer - it is those whose effort is ever appreciated ˹by Allah˺.  

And whoever desires the Hereafter and strives for it with the necessary effort, ˹that is˺ he performs the deeds worthy of it, being a believer (wa-huwa mu’minun is a circumstantial qualifier) — for such their effort will find favour, with God, that is, ˹their effort will be˺ accepted and rewarded.
القرآن:١٧:١٩

وَمَنْ أَرَادَ الْآخِرَةَ وَسَعَىٰ لَهَا سَعْيَهَا وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ فَأُولَٰئِكَ كَانَ سَعْيُهُمْ مَشْكُورًا  

{ومن أراد الآخرة وسعى لها سعيها} عمل عملها اللائق بها {وهو مؤمن} حال {فأولئك كان سعيهم مشكورا} عند الله أي مقبولاً مثابا عليه.
quran:17:20

To each ˹category˺ We extend - to these and to those - from the gift of your Lord. And never has the gift of your Lord been restricted.  

Each, of the two parties, We supply, We give, ˹to˺ these and ˹to˺ those (hā’ūlā’ wa-hā’ūlā’ is a substitute ˹for kullan, ‘each’) from (min is semantically connected to numiddu, ‘We supply’) from your Lord’s bounty, in this world. And your Lord’s bounty, therein, is not confined, ˹it is not˺ forbidden to anyone.
القرآن:١٧:٢٠

كُلًّا نُمِدُّ هَٰؤُلَاءِ وَهَٰؤُلَاءِ مِنْ عَطَاءِ رَبِّكَ ۚ وَمَا كَانَ عَطَاءُ رَبِّكَ مَحْظُورًا  

{كلا} من الفريقين {نمد} نعطي {هؤلاء وهؤلاء} بدل {من} متعلق بنمد {عطاء ربك} في الدنيا {وما كان عطاء ربك} فيها {محظورا} ممنوعا عن أحد.
quran:17:21

Look how We have favored ˹in provision˺ some of them over others. But the Hereafter is greater in degrees ˹of difference˺ and greater in distinction.  

See how We have given preference to some of them over others, in provision and renown. And truly the Hereafter is greater, grander, in degrees and greater in preferment, to this world, and so one ought to devote one’s attention to it ˹the Hereafter˺, to the exclusion of the other.
القرآن:١٧:٢١

انْظُرْ كَيْفَ فَضَّلْنَا بَعْضَهُمْ عَلَىٰ بَعْضٍ ۚ وَلَلْآخِرَةُ أَكْبَرُ دَرَجَاتٍ وَأَكْبَرُ تَفْضِيلًا  

{انظر كيف فضلنا بعضهم على بعض} في الرزق والجاه {وللآخرة أكبر} أعظم {درجات وأكبر تفضيلاً} من الدنيا فينبغي الاعتناء بها دونها.
quran:17:22

Do not make ˹as equal˺ with Allah another deity and ˹thereby˺ become censured and forsaken.  

Do not set up another god besides God, or you will sit blameworthy, forsaken, with no one to assist you.
القرآن:١٧:٢٢

لَا تَجْعَلْ مَعَ اللَّهِ إِلَٰهًا آخَرَ فَتَقْعُدَ مَذْمُومًا مَخْذُولًا  

{لا تجعل مع الله إلها آخر فتقعد مذموما مخذولاً} لا ناصر لك.
quran:17:23

And your Lord has decreed that you not worship except Him, and to parents, good treatment. Whether one or both of them reach old age ˹while˺ with you, say not to them ˹so much as˺, "uff," and do not repel them but speak to them a noble word.  

And your Lord has decreed, He has commanded, that you worship none save Him, and, that you show, kindness to parents, by being dutiful to them. If they should reach old age with you, one of them (ahaduhumā is the subject ˹of the verb˺) or both (a variant reading ˹for yablughanna˺ has yablughān, ‘both ˹should˺ reach’, in which case ahaduhumā would be substituting for the ˹dual indicator˺ alif ˹of yablughān˺) then do not say to them ‘Fie’ (read uffan or uffin, uffa or uffi, a verbal noun meaning tabban, ‘perish!’ or qubhan, ‘evil!’) nor repulse them, but speak to them gracious words, fair and gentle ˹words˺.
القرآن:١٧:٢٣

وَقَضَىٰ رَبُّكَ أَلَّا تَعْبُدُوا إِلَّا إِيَّاهُ وَبِالْوَالِدَيْنِ إِحْسَانًا ۚ إِمَّا يَبْلُغَنَّ عِنْدَكَ الْكِبَرَ أَحَدُهُمَا أَوْ كِلَاهُمَا فَلَا تَقُلْ لَهُمَا أُفٍّ وَلَا تَنْهَرْهُمَا وَقُلْ لَهُمَا قَوْلًا كَرِيمًا  

{وقضى} أمر {ربك أ} ن أي بأن {لا تعبدوا إلا إياه و} أن تحسنوا {بالوالدين إحسانا} بأن تبروهما {إما يبلغن عندك الكبر أحدهما} فاعل {أو كلاهما} وفي قراءة يَبْلُغان فأحدهما بدل من ألفه {فلا تقل لهما أف} بفتح الفاء وكسرها منونا وغير منون مصدر بمعنى تبا وقبحا {ولا تنهرهما} تزجرهما {وقل لهما قولاً كريما} جميلاً لينا.
quran:17:24

And lower to them the wing of humility out of mercy and say, "My Lord, have mercy upon them as they brought me up ˹when I was˺ small."  

And lower to them the wing of humility, show them your submissive side, out of mercy, that is, on account of your affection for them, and say, ‘My Lord, have mercy on them, just as they, had mercy on me when ˹they˺, reared me when I was little’.
القرآن:١٧:٢٤

وَاخْفِضْ لَهُمَا جَنَاحَ الذُّلِّ مِنَ الرَّحْمَةِ وَقُلْ رَبِّ ارْحَمْهُمَا كَمَا رَبَّيَانِي صَغِيرًا  

{واخفض لهما جناح الذل} ألن لهما جانبك الذليل {من الرحمة} أي لرقتك عليهما {وقل رب ارحمهما كما} رحماني حين {ربياني صغيرا}.
quran:17:25

Your Lord is most knowing of what is within yourselves. If you should be righteous ˹in intention˺ - then indeed He is ever, to the often returning ˹to Him˺, Forgiving.  

Your Lord knows best what is in your hearts, ˹in the way˺ of what may be concealed of dutifulness or disobedience ˹to parents˺. If you are righteous, obedient to God, then truly, to those who are penitent, those who return to obedience of Him, He is Forgiving, of any slip that might have issued on their part regarding their duty to the parents, so long as they do not conceal ˹within themselves˺ any disrespect ˹towards them˺.
القرآن:١٧:٢٥

رَبُّكُمْ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا فِي نُفُوسِكُمْ ۚ إِنْ تَكُونُوا صَالِحِينَ فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ لِلْأَوَّابِينَ غَفُورًا  

{ربكم أعلم بما في نفوسكم} من إضمار البر والعقوق {إن تكونوا صالحين} طائعين لله {فإنه كان للأوابين} الرجّاعين إلى طاعته {غفورا} لما صدر منهم في حق الوالدين من بادرة وهم لا يضمرون عقوقا.
quran:17:26

And give the relative his right, and ˹also˺ the poor and the traveler, and do not spend wastefully.  

And give the kinsman his due, of dutifulness and kindness, and the needy and the traveller ˹as well˺; and do not squander, by expending for ˹any purpose˺ other than in obedience to God.
القرآن:١٧:٢٦

وَآتِ ذَا الْقُرْبَىٰ حَقَّهُ وَالْمِسْكِينَ وَابْنَ السَّبِيلِ وَلَا تُبَذِّرْ تَبْذِيرًا  

{وآت} أعط {ذا القربى} القرابة {حقه} من البر والصلة {والمسكين وابن السبيل ولا تبذر تبذيرا} بالإنفاق في غير طاعة الله.
quran:17:27

Indeed, the wasteful are brothers of the devils, and ever has Satan been to his Lord ungrateful.  

Indeed squanderers are brothers of devils, that is, they follow their way, and the Devil was ever ungrateful to his Lord, extremely rejective of His graces: likewise his brother the squanderer.
القرآن:١٧:٢٧

إِنَّ الْمُبَذِّرِينَ كَانُوا إِخْوَانَ الشَّيَاطِينِ ۖ وَكَانَ الشَّيْطَانُ لِرَبِّهِ كَفُورًا  

{إن المبذرين كانوا إخوان الشياطين} أي على طريقتهم {وكان الشيطان لربه كفورا} شديد الكفر لنعمه فكذلك أخوه المبذر.
quran:17:28

And if you ˹must˺ turn away from the needy awaiting mercy from your Lord which you expect, then speak to them a gentle word.  

But if you ˹have to˺ overlook them, that is, the kinsmen and the others mentioned, and do not give to them, seeking mercy from your Lord, ˹a mercy˺ which you expect ˹in the future˺, that is, ˹you do not give to them˺ because of a request for provision which you are waiting to come to you ˹from your Lord˺, before you give to them, then speak to them gentle words, pleasant and reasonable ˹words˺, promising them that you will give to them when the provision ˹from God˺ arrives.
القرآن:١٧:٢٨

وَإِمَّا تُعْرِضَنَّ عَنْهُمُ ابْتِغَاءَ رَحْمَةٍ مِنْ رَبِّكَ تَرْجُوهَا فَقُلْ لَهُمْ قَوْلًا مَيْسُورًا  

{وإما تعرضن عنهم} أي المذكورين من ذي القربى وما بعدهم فلم تعطهم {ابتغاء رحمة من ربك ترجوها} أي لطلب رزق تنتظره يأتيك تعطيهم منه {فقل لهم قولاً ميسورا} لينا سهلاً بأن تعدهم بالإعطاء عند مجيء الرزق.
quran:17:29

And do not make your hand ˹as˺ chained to your neck or extend it completely and ˹thereby˺ become blamed and insolvent.  

And do not keep your hand chained to your neck, in other words, do not withhold it completely from expending, nor open it, in order to expend, completely, or you will sit blameworthy — this refers to the first case — and denuded, cut off, having nothing — this refers to the latter case.
القرآن:١٧:٢٩

وَلَا تَجْعَلْ يَدَكَ مَغْلُولَةً إِلَىٰ عُنُقِكَ وَلَا تَبْسُطْهَا كُلَّ الْبَسْطِ فَتَقْعُدَ مَلُومًا مَحْسُورًا  

{ولا تجعل يدك مغلولة إلى عنقك} أي لا تمسكها عن الإنفاق كل المسك {ولا تبسطها} في الإنفاق {كل البسط فتقعد ملوما} راجع للأول {محسورا} منقطعا لا شيء عندك راجع للثاني.
quran:17:30

Indeed, your Lord extends provision for whom He wills and restricts ˹it˺. Indeed He is ever, concerning His servants, Acquainted and Seeing.  

Truly your Lord expands provision, He makes it abundant, for whomever He will and He straitens, He restricts it for whomever He will. Indeed He is ever Aware and Seer of His servants, Knower of what they hide and what they manifest, giving them provision in accordance with their welfare.
القرآن:١٧:٣٠

إِنَّ رَبَّكَ يَبْسُطُ الرِّزْقَ لِمَنْ يَشَاءُ وَيَقْدِرُ ۚ إِنَّهُ كَانَ بِعِبَادِهِ خَبِيرًا بَصِيرًا  

{إن ربك يبسط الرزق} يوسعه {لمن يشاء ويقدر} يضيقه لمن يشاء {إنه كان بعباده خبيرا بصيرا} عالما ببواطنهم وظواهرهم فيرزقهم على حسب مصالحهم.
quran:17:31

And do not kill your children for fear of poverty. We provide for them and for you. Indeed, their killing is ever a great sin.  

And do not slay your children, by burying them alive, fearing penury, poverty. We shall provide for them and for you. Slaying them is truly a great sin.
القرآن:١٧:٣١

وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا أَوْلَادَكُمْ خَشْيَةَ إِمْلَاقٍ ۖ نَحْنُ نَرْزُقُهُمْ وَإِيَّاكُمْ ۚ إِنَّ قَتْلَهُمْ كَانَ خِطْئًا كَبِيرًا  

{ولا تقتلوا أولادكم} بالوأد {خشية} مخافة {إملاق} فقر {نحن نرزقهم وإياكم إن قتلهم كان خطأ} إثما {كبيرا} عظيما.
quran:17:32

And do not approach unlawful sexual intercourse. Indeed, it is ever an immorality and is evil as a way.  

And do not come ˹anywhere˺ near fornication — this ˹form of expressing it˺ is more effective than ˹saying˺ ‘Do not commit it’. It is indeed an indecency, an abomination, and, it is, an evil way.
القرآن:١٧:٣٢

وَلَا تَقْرَبُوا الزِّنَىٰ ۖ إِنَّهُ كَانَ فَاحِشَةً وَسَاءَ سَبِيلًا  

{ولا تقربوا الزنى} أبلغ من لا تأتوه {إنه كان فاحشة} قبيحا {وساء} بئس {سبيلاً} طريقا هو.
quran:17:33

And do not kill the soul which Allah has forbidden, except by right. And whoever is killed unjustly - We have given his heir authority, but let him not exceed limits in ˹the matter of˺ taking life. Indeed, he has been supported ˹by the law˺.  

And do not slay the soul ˹whose life˺ God has made inviolable, except with due cause. Whoever is slain wrongfully, We have certainly given his heir, the one inheriting from him, a warrant, a sanction ˹to retaliate˺ against the slayer; but let him not commit excess, ˹let him not˺ overstep the bounds, in slaying, by slaying other than the killer ˹of the one slain˺, or by other than that ˹instrument˺ with which he ˹the slain˺ was killed; for he is supported ˹by the Law˺.
القرآن:١٧:٣٣

وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا النَّفْسَ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ إِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ ۗ وَمَنْ قُتِلَ مَظْلُومًا فَقَدْ جَعَلْنَا لِوَلِيِّهِ سُلْطَانًا فَلَا يُسْرِفْ فِي الْقَتْلِ ۖ إِنَّهُ كَانَ مَنْصُورًا  

{ولا تقتلوا النفس التي حرم الله إلا بالحق ومن قُتل مظلوما فقد جعلنا لوليه} لوارثه {سلطانا} تسلطا على القاتل {فلا يسرف} يتجاوز الحد {في القتل} بأن يقتل غير قاتله أو بغير ما قتل به {إنه كان منصورا}.
quran:17:34

And do not approach the property of an orphan, except in the way that is best, until he reaches maturity. And fulfill ˹every˺ commitment. Indeed, the commitment is ever ˹that about which one will be˺ questioned.  

And do not come ˹anywhere˺ near an orphan’s property, except in the fairest manner until he comes of age. And fulfil the covenant, should you make a covenant with God or with people ˹in general˺. Indeed the covenant will be enquired into.
القرآن:١٧:٣٤

وَلَا تَقْرَبُوا مَالَ الْيَتِيمِ إِلَّا بِالَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ حَتَّىٰ يَبْلُغَ أَشُدَّهُ ۚ وَأَوْفُوا بِالْعَهْدِ ۖ إِنَّ الْعَهْدَ كَانَ مَسْئُولًا  

{ولا تقربوا مال اليتيم إلا بالتي هي أحسن حتى يبلغ أشده وأوفوا بالعهد} إذا عاهدتم الله أو الناس {إن العهد كان مسؤولا} عنه.
quran:17:35

And give full measure when you measure, and weigh with an even balance. That is the best ˹way˺ and best in result.  

And give full measure, complete it, when you measure, and weigh with a right balance, ˹with˺ an even balance: that is better and fairer in return.
القرآن:١٧:٣٥

وَأَوْفُوا الْكَيْلَ إِذَا كِلْتُمْ وَزِنُوا بِالْقِسْطَاسِ الْمُسْتَقِيمِ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ خَيْرٌ وَأَحْسَنُ تَأْوِيلًا  

{وأوْفوا الكيل} أتموه {إذا كلتم وزنوا بالقسطاس المستقيم} الميزان السوي {ذلك خير وأحسن تأويلاً} مآلاً.
quran:17:36

And do not pursue that of which you have no knowledge. Indeed, the hearing, the sight and the heart - about all those ˹one˺ will be questioned.  

And do not pursue that of which you have no knowledge. Indeed the hearing and the sight and the heart — of each of these it will be asked, of that person what he did with them.
القرآن:١٧:٣٦

وَلَا تَقْفُ مَا لَيْسَ لَكَ بِهِ عِلْمٌ ۚ إِنَّ السَّمْعَ وَالْبَصَرَ وَالْفُؤَادَ كُلُّ أُولَٰئِكَ كَانَ عَنْهُ مَسْئُولًا  

{ولا تقفُ} تتبع {ما ليس لك به علم إن السمع والبصر والفؤاد} القلب {كل أولئك كان عنه مسؤولاً} صاحبه ماذا فعل به.
quran:17:37

And do not walk upon the earth exultantly. Indeed, you will never tear the earth ˹apart˺, and you will never reach the mountains in height.  

And do not walk in the earth exultantly, that is, exultant with pride and conceit. Indeed you will not rend the earth, ˹you will not˺ pierce it and reach its depths with your pride, nor attain the mountains in height: the meaning is that you shall never attain such ends, so how can you be so arrogant?
القرآن:١٧:٣٧

وَلَا تَمْشِ فِي الْأَرْضِ مَرَحًا ۖ إِنَّكَ لَنْ تَخْرِقَ الْأَرْضَ وَلَنْ تَبْلُغَ الْجِبَالَ طُولًا  

{ولا تمش في الأرض مرحا} أي ذا مرح بالكبر والخيلاء {إنك لن تخرق الأرض} تثقبها حتى تبلغ آخرها بكبرك {ولن تبلغ الجبال طولاً} المعنى أنك لا تبلغ هذا المبلغ فكيف تختال.
quran:17:38

All that - its evil is ever, in the sight of your Lord, detested.  

All of that, ˹which has been˺ mentioned — the evil of it is hateful in the sight of your Lord.
القرآن:١٧:٣٨

كُلُّ ذَٰلِكَ كَانَ سَيِّئُهُ عِنْدَ رَبِّكَ مَكْرُوهًا  

{كل ذلك} المذكور {كان سيِّئُهُ عند ربك مكروها}.
quran:17:39

That is from what your Lord has revealed to you, ˹O Muhammad˺, of wisdom. And, ˹O mankind˺, do not make ˹as equal˺ with Allah another deity, lest you be thrown into Hell, blamed and banished.  

This is ˹part˺ of the wisdom, the admonition, which your Lord has revealed to you, O Muhammad (s). And do not set up with God any other god, or you will be cast into Hell, blameworthy, abandoned, banished from God’s mercy.
القرآن:١٧:٣٩

ذَٰلِكَ مِمَّا أَوْحَىٰ إِلَيْكَ رَبُّكَ مِنَ الْحِكْمَةِ ۗ وَلَا تَجْعَلْ مَعَ اللَّهِ إِلَٰهًا آخَرَ فَتُلْقَىٰ فِي جَهَنَّمَ مَلُومًا مَدْحُورًا  

{ذلك مما أوحى إليك} يا محمد {ربك من الحكمة} الموعظة {ولا تجعل مع الله إلها آخر فتلقى في جهنم ملوما مدحورا} مطرودا من رحمة الله.
quran:17:40

Then, has your Lord chosen you for ˹having˺ sons and taken from among the angels daughters? Indeed, you say a grave saying.  

Has your Lord then preferred you, has He distinguished you ˹exclusively˺, O Meccans, with sons and chosen for Himself females from among the angels?, as daughters for Himself, in the way that you ˹are wont to˺ claim. Truly, by ˹saying˺ this, you are speaking a monstrous word!
القرآن:١٧:٤٠

أَفَأَصْفَاكُمْ رَبُّكُمْ بِالْبَنِينَ وَاتَّخَذَ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ إِنَاثًا ۚ إِنَّكُمْ لَتَقُولُونَ قَوْلًا عَظِيمًا  

{أفأصفاكم} أخلصكم يا أهل مكة {ربكم بالبنين واتخذ من الملائكة إناثا} بنات لنفسه بزعمكم {إنكم لتقولون} بذلك {قولاً عظيما}.
quran:17:41

And We have certainly diversified ˹the contents˺ in this Qur'an that mankind may be reminded, but it does not increase the disbelievers except in aversion.  

And verily We have dispensed, We have elucidated, in this Qur’ān, similitudes, promises ˹of reward˺ and threats ˹of retribution˺, so that they may remember, ˹that they may˺ be admonished, but it, that ˹elucidation˺, only increases them in aversion, to the Truth.
القرآن:١٧:٤١

وَلَقَدْ صَرَّفْنَا فِي هَٰذَا الْقُرْآنِ لِيَذَّكَّرُوا وَمَا يَزِيدُهُمْ إِلَّا نُفُورًا  

{ولقد صرفنا} بينا {في هذا القرآن} من الأمثال والوعد والوعيد {ليذكروا} يتعظوا {وما يزيدهم} ذلك {إلا نفروا} عن الحق.
quran:17:42

Say, ˹O Muhammad˺, "If there had been with Him ˹other˺ gods, as they say, then they ˹each˺ would have sought to the Owner of the Throne a way."  

Say, to them: ‘If there were with Him, that is, with God, ˹other˺ gods, as they say, they would, in that case, have sought against the Lord of the Throne, that is, ˹against˺ God, some path, some way, in order to fight Him ˹off˺.
القرآن:١٧:٤٢

قُلْ لَوْ كَانَ مَعَهُ آلِهَةٌ كَمَا يَقُولُونَ إِذًا لَابْتَغَوْا إِلَىٰ ذِي الْعَرْشِ سَبِيلًا  

{قل} لهم {لو كان معه} أي الله {آلهة كما يقولون إذا لابتغوْا} طلبوا {إلى ذي العرش} أي الله {سبيلاً} ليقاتلوه.
quran:17:43

Exalted is He and high above what they say by great sublimity.  

Glory be to Him — an affirmation of His transcendence — and exalted be He above what they say, in the way of ˹His having˺ associates, greatly!
القرآن:١٧:٤٣

سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَىٰ عَمَّا يَقُولُونَ عُلُوًّا كَبِيرًا  

{سبحانه} تنزيها له {وتعالى عما يقولون} من الشركاء {علوا كبيرا}.
quran:17:44

The seven heavens and the earth and whatever is in them exalt Him. And there is not a thing except that it exalts ˹Allah˺ by His praise, but you do not understand their ˹way of˺ exalting. Indeed, He is ever Forbearing and Forgiving.  

The seven heavens and the earth and all that is therein proclaim His praise, ˹they˺ affirm His transcendence. And there is not a thing, among things created, but proclaims, enwrapped ˹in˺, His praise, in other words, ˹everything˺ says subhāna’Llāh wa-bi-hamdihi, ‘Glory and praise be to God’; but you do not understand their glorification, because it is not ˹proclaimed˺ in your language. Lo! He is Forbearing, Forgiving, for He does not hasten ˹to bring about˺ your punishment.
القرآن:١٧:٤٤

تُسَبِّحُ لَهُ السَّمَاوَاتُ السَّبْعُ وَالْأَرْضُ وَمَنْ فِيهِنَّ ۚ وَإِنْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ إِلَّا يُسَبِّحُ بِحَمْدِهِ وَلَٰكِنْ لَا تَفْقَهُونَ تَسْبِيحَهُمْ ۗ إِنَّهُ كَانَ حَلِيمًا غَفُورًا  

{تسبح له} تنزهه {السماوات السبع والأرض ومن فيهن وإن} ما {من شيء} من المخلوقات {إلا يسبح} متلبسا {بحمده} أي يقول سبحان الله وبحمده {ولكن لا تفقهون} تفهمون {تسبيحهم} لأنه ليس بلغتكم {إنه كان حليما غفورا} حيث لم يعاجلكم بالعقوبة.
quran:17:45

And when you recite the Qur'an, We put between you and those who do not believe in the Hereafter a concealed partition.  

And when you recite the Qur’ān, We place between you and those who do not believe in the Hereafter a hidden barrier, that is, one that hides you from them, so that they cannot see you — this was revealed regarding those who wanted to assassinate him (s) ˹the Prophet˺.
القرآن:١٧:٤٥

وَإِذَا قَرَأْتَ الْقُرْآنَ جَعَلْنَا بَيْنَكَ وَبَيْنَ الَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِالْآخِرَةِ حِجَابًا مَسْتُورًا  

{وإذا قرأت القرآن جعلنا بينك وبين الذين لا يؤمنون بالآخرة حجابا مستورا} أي ساترا لك عنهم فلا يرونك، نزل فيمن أراد الفتك به ﷺ
quran:17:46

And We have placed over their hearts coverings, lest they understand it, and in their ears deafness. And when you mention your Lord alone in the Qur'an, they turn back in aversion.  

And We place upon their hearts veils, covers, lest they should understand it, lest they should understand the Qur’ān, in other words, and so ˹in this way˺ they do not understand it, and in their ears a deafness, a heaviness, thus they cannot hear it. And when you mention your Lord alone in the Qur’ān, they turn their backs in aversion, to it.
القرآن:١٧:٤٦

وَجَعَلْنَا عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِهِمْ أَكِنَّةً أَنْ يَفْقَهُوهُ وَفِي آذَانِهِمْ وَقْرًا ۚ وَإِذَا ذَكَرْتَ رَبَّكَ فِي الْقُرْآنِ وَحْدَهُ وَلَّوْا عَلَىٰ أَدْبَارِهِمْ نُفُورًا  

{وجعلنا على قلوبهم أكنة} أغطية {أن يفقهوه} من أن يفهموا القرآن أي فلا يفهمونه {وفي آذانهم وقرا} ثقلاً فلا يسمعونه {وإذا ذكرت ربك في القرآن وحده ولَّوا على أدبارهم نفورا} عنه.
quran:17:47

We are most knowing of how they listen to it when they listen to you and ˹of˺ when they are in private conversation, when the wrongdoers say, "You follow not but a man affected by magic."  

We know best what they listen to, the reason for ˹which they listen to˺ it, in order to mock ˹it˺, when they listen to you, ˹to˺ your recital, and when they are in secret counsel, holding secret talks among themselves, in other words, when they talk, when (idh substitutes for the preceding idh, ‘when’) the evildoers say, in their secret conversation: ‘You are only following a man bewitched, one duped, his mind overcome’.
القرآن:١٧:٤٧

نَحْنُ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا يَسْتَمِعُونَ بِهِ إِذْ يَسْتَمِعُونَ إِلَيْكَ وَإِذْ هُمْ نَجْوَىٰ إِذْ يَقُولُ الظَّالِمُونَ إِنْ تَتَّبِعُونَ إِلَّا رَجُلًا مَسْحُورًا  

{نحن أعلم بما يستمعون به} بسببه من الهزء {إذ يستمعون إليك} قراءتك {وإذ هم نجوى} يتناجون بينهم أي يتحدثون {إذ} بدل من إذ قبله {يقول الظالمون} في تناجيهم {إن} ما {تتبعون إلا رجلاً مسحورا} مخدوعا مغلوبا على عقله. قال تعالى:
quran:17:48

Look how they strike for you comparisons; but they have strayed, so they cannot ˹find˺ a way.  

God, exalted be He, says: Look how they strike similitudes for you, such as ˹your being˺ bewitched, a soothsayer or a poet, and they go astray, thereby from ˹the path of˺ guidance, and cannot find a way, a path to it!
القرآن:١٧:٤٨

انْظُرْ كَيْفَ ضَرَبُوا لَكَ الْأَمْثَالَ فَضَلُّوا فَلَا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ سَبِيلًا  

{انظر كيف ضربوا لك الأمثال} بالمسحور والكاهن والشاعر {فضَلُّوا} بذلك عن الهدى {فلا يستطيعون سبيلاً} طريقا إليه {وقالوا} منكرين للبعث:
quran:17:49

And they say, "When we are bones and crumbled particles, will we ˹truly˺ be resurrected as a new creation?"  

And they say, in denial of the Resurrection: ‘What, when we are bones and fragments, shall we really be raised up in a new creation?’
القرآن:١٧:٤٩

وَقَالُوا أَإِذَا كُنَّا عِظَامًا وَرُفَاتًا أَإِنَّا لَمَبْعُوثُونَ خَلْقًا جَدِيدًا  

{أئذا كنا عظاما ورفاتا أئنا لمبعوثون خلقا جديدا}.
quran:17:50

Say, "Be you stones or iron  

Say, to them: ‘Be stones or iron,
القرآن:١٧:٥٠

قُلْ كُونُوا حِجَارَةً أَوْ حَدِيدًا  

{قل} لهم {كونوا حجارة أو حديدا}.