17. Sūrat al-Isrāʾ

١٧۔ سُورَةُ الإسْرَاء

17.6 Some commandments of God for the believers including proper behavior with parents, relatives, and the community at large.

١٧۔٦ مقطع في سُورَةُ الإسْرَاء

quran:17:23

And your Lord has decreed that you not worship except Him, and to parents, good treatment. Whether one or both of them reach old age ˹while˺ with you, say not to them ˹so much as˺, "uff," and do not repel them but speak to them a noble word.  

And your Lord has decreed, He has commanded, that you worship none save Him, and, that you show, kindness to parents, by being dutiful to them. If they should reach old age with you, one of them (ahaduhumā is the subject ˹of the verb˺) or both (a variant reading ˹for yablughanna˺ has yablughān, ‘both ˹should˺ reach’, in which case ahaduhumā would be substituting for the ˹dual indicator˺ alif ˹of yablughān˺) then do not say to them ‘Fie’ (read uffan or uffin, uffa or uffi, a verbal noun meaning tabban, ‘perish!’ or qubhan, ‘evil!’) nor repulse them, but speak to them gracious words, fair and gentle ˹words˺.
القرآن:١٧:٢٣

وَقَضَىٰ رَبُّكَ أَلَّا تَعْبُدُوا إِلَّا إِيَّاهُ وَبِالْوَالِدَيْنِ إِحْسَانًا ۚ إِمَّا يَبْلُغَنَّ عِنْدَكَ الْكِبَرَ أَحَدُهُمَا أَوْ كِلَاهُمَا فَلَا تَقُلْ لَهُمَا أُفٍّ وَلَا تَنْهَرْهُمَا وَقُلْ لَهُمَا قَوْلًا كَرِيمًا  

{وقضى} أمر {ربك أ} ن أي بأن {لا تعبدوا إلا إياه و} أن تحسنوا {بالوالدين إحسانا} بأن تبروهما {إما يبلغن عندك الكبر أحدهما} فاعل {أو كلاهما} وفي قراءة يَبْلُغان فأحدهما بدل من ألفه {فلا تقل لهما أف} بفتح الفاء وكسرها منونا وغير منون مصدر بمعنى تبا وقبحا {ولا تنهرهما} تزجرهما {وقل لهما قولاً كريما} جميلاً لينا.
quran:17:24

And lower to them the wing of humility out of mercy and say, "My Lord, have mercy upon them as they brought me up ˹when I was˺ small."  

And lower to them the wing of humility, show them your submissive side, out of mercy, that is, on account of your affection for them, and say, ‘My Lord, have mercy on them, just as they, had mercy on me when ˹they˺, reared me when I was little’.
القرآن:١٧:٢٤

وَاخْفِضْ لَهُمَا جَنَاحَ الذُّلِّ مِنَ الرَّحْمَةِ وَقُلْ رَبِّ ارْحَمْهُمَا كَمَا رَبَّيَانِي صَغِيرًا  

{واخفض لهما جناح الذل} ألن لهما جانبك الذليل {من الرحمة} أي لرقتك عليهما {وقل رب ارحمهما كما} رحماني حين {ربياني صغيرا}.
quran:17:25

Your Lord is most knowing of what is within yourselves. If you should be righteous ˹in intention˺ - then indeed He is ever, to the often returning ˹to Him˺, Forgiving.  

Your Lord knows best what is in your hearts, ˹in the way˺ of what may be concealed of dutifulness or disobedience ˹to parents˺. If you are righteous, obedient to God, then truly, to those who are penitent, those who return to obedience of Him, He is Forgiving, of any slip that might have issued on their part regarding their duty to the parents, so long as they do not conceal ˹within themselves˺ any disrespect ˹towards them˺.
القرآن:١٧:٢٥

رَبُّكُمْ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا فِي نُفُوسِكُمْ ۚ إِنْ تَكُونُوا صَالِحِينَ فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ لِلْأَوَّابِينَ غَفُورًا  

{ربكم أعلم بما في نفوسكم} من إضمار البر والعقوق {إن تكونوا صالحين} طائعين لله {فإنه كان للأوابين} الرجّاعين إلى طاعته {غفورا} لما صدر منهم في حق الوالدين من بادرة وهم لا يضمرون عقوقا.
quran:17:26

And give the relative his right, and ˹also˺ the poor and the traveler, and do not spend wastefully.  

And give the kinsman his due, of dutifulness and kindness, and the needy and the traveller ˹as well˺; and do not squander, by expending for ˹any purpose˺ other than in obedience to God.
القرآن:١٧:٢٦

وَآتِ ذَا الْقُرْبَىٰ حَقَّهُ وَالْمِسْكِينَ وَابْنَ السَّبِيلِ وَلَا تُبَذِّرْ تَبْذِيرًا  

{وآت} أعط {ذا القربى} القرابة {حقه} من البر والصلة {والمسكين وابن السبيل ولا تبذر تبذيرا} بالإنفاق في غير طاعة الله.
quran:17:27

Indeed, the wasteful are brothers of the devils, and ever has Satan been to his Lord ungrateful.  

Indeed squanderers are brothers of devils, that is, they follow their way, and the Devil was ever ungrateful to his Lord, extremely rejective of His graces: likewise his brother the squanderer.
القرآن:١٧:٢٧

إِنَّ الْمُبَذِّرِينَ كَانُوا إِخْوَانَ الشَّيَاطِينِ ۖ وَكَانَ الشَّيْطَانُ لِرَبِّهِ كَفُورًا  

{إن المبذرين كانوا إخوان الشياطين} أي على طريقتهم {وكان الشيطان لربه كفورا} شديد الكفر لنعمه فكذلك أخوه المبذر.
quran:17:28

And if you ˹must˺ turn away from the needy awaiting mercy from your Lord which you expect, then speak to them a gentle word.  

But if you ˹have to˺ overlook them, that is, the kinsmen and the others mentioned, and do not give to them, seeking mercy from your Lord, ˹a mercy˺ which you expect ˹in the future˺, that is, ˹you do not give to them˺ because of a request for provision which you are waiting to come to you ˹from your Lord˺, before you give to them, then speak to them gentle words, pleasant and reasonable ˹words˺, promising them that you will give to them when the provision ˹from God˺ arrives.
القرآن:١٧:٢٨

وَإِمَّا تُعْرِضَنَّ عَنْهُمُ ابْتِغَاءَ رَحْمَةٍ مِنْ رَبِّكَ تَرْجُوهَا فَقُلْ لَهُمْ قَوْلًا مَيْسُورًا  

{وإما تعرضن عنهم} أي المذكورين من ذي القربى وما بعدهم فلم تعطهم {ابتغاء رحمة من ربك ترجوها} أي لطلب رزق تنتظره يأتيك تعطيهم منه {فقل لهم قولاً ميسورا} لينا سهلاً بأن تعدهم بالإعطاء عند مجيء الرزق.
quran:17:29

And do not make your hand ˹as˺ chained to your neck or extend it completely and ˹thereby˺ become blamed and insolvent.  

And do not keep your hand chained to your neck, in other words, do not withhold it completely from expending, nor open it, in order to expend, completely, or you will sit blameworthy — this refers to the first case — and denuded, cut off, having nothing — this refers to the latter case.
القرآن:١٧:٢٩

وَلَا تَجْعَلْ يَدَكَ مَغْلُولَةً إِلَىٰ عُنُقِكَ وَلَا تَبْسُطْهَا كُلَّ الْبَسْطِ فَتَقْعُدَ مَلُومًا مَحْسُورًا  

{ولا تجعل يدك مغلولة إلى عنقك} أي لا تمسكها عن الإنفاق كل المسك {ولا تبسطها} في الإنفاق {كل البسط فتقعد ملوما} راجع للأول {محسورا} منقطعا لا شيء عندك راجع للثاني.
quran:17:30

Indeed, your Lord extends provision for whom He wills and restricts ˹it˺. Indeed He is ever, concerning His servants, Acquainted and Seeing.  

Truly your Lord expands provision, He makes it abundant, for whomever He will and He straitens, He restricts it for whomever He will. Indeed He is ever Aware and Seer of His servants, Knower of what they hide and what they manifest, giving them provision in accordance with their welfare.
القرآن:١٧:٣٠

إِنَّ رَبَّكَ يَبْسُطُ الرِّزْقَ لِمَنْ يَشَاءُ وَيَقْدِرُ ۚ إِنَّهُ كَانَ بِعِبَادِهِ خَبِيرًا بَصِيرًا  

{إن ربك يبسط الرزق} يوسعه {لمن يشاء ويقدر} يضيقه لمن يشاء {إنه كان بعباده خبيرا بصيرا} عالما ببواطنهم وظواهرهم فيرزقهم على حسب مصالحهم.