0. Introduction
٠۔ المقدمة
that the heard Abu Hurairah say: "None of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ narrated more Ahadith from him than me, except 'Abdullah bin 'Amr. For he used to write them down and I did not write." (Using translation from Tirmidhī 2668)
سَمِعَ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ يَقُولُ «لَيْسَ أَحَدٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَكْثَرَ حَدِيثًا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مِنِّي إِلَّا مَا كَانَ مِنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ يَكْتُبُ وَلَا أَكْتُبُ»
I used to write everything which I heard from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. I intended (by it) to memorise it. The Quraysh prohibited me saying: Do you write everything that you hear from him while the Messenger of Allah ﷺ is a human being: he speaks in anger and pleasure? So I stopped writing, and mentioned it to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He signalled with his finger to him mouth and said: Write, by Him in Whose hand my soul lies, only right comes out from it. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3646)
كُنْتُ أَكْتُبُ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ أَسْمَعُهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أُرِيدُ حِفْظَهُ فَنَهَتْنِي قُرَيْشٌ وَقَالُوا تَكْتُبُ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ سَمِعْتَهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَشَرٌ يَتَكَلَّمُ فِي الْغَضَبِ وَالرِّضَا؟ فَأَمْسَكْتُ عَنِ الْكِتَابِ فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَوْمَأَ بِإِصْبَعِهِ إِلَى فِيهِ وَقَالَ «اكْتُبْ فَوَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ مَا خَرَجَ مِنْهُ إِلَّا حَقٌّ»
[Machine] He (the speaker) came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, "O Messenger of Allah, I want to learn from your teachings, so I intended to seek assistance through writing with my hand and keeping it close to my heart. If you agree to that." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ then said, "If you want, learn my teachings and seek assistance through your hand and keep it close to your heart."
أَنَّهُ أَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَرْوِيَ مِنْ حَدِيثِكَ فَأَرَدْتُ أَنْ أَسْتَعِينَ بِكِتَابِ يَدِي مَعَ قَلْبِي إِنْ رَأَيْتَ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِنْ كَانَ قَالَهُ «عِ حَدِيثِي ثُمَّ اسْتَعِنْ بِيَدِكَ مَعَ قَلْبِكَ»
[Machine] "While we were around the Messenger of Allah ﷺ writing, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was asked, 'Which two cities will be opened first, Constantinople or Rome?' The Prophet ﷺ replied, 'No, the city of Heraclius will be opened first.'"
بَيْنَمَا نَحْنُ حَوْلَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَكْتُبُ إِذْ سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَيُّ الْمَدِينَتَيْنِ تُفْتَحُ أَوَّلًا قُسْطَنْطِينِيَّةُ أَوْ رُومِيَّةُ؟ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «لَا بَلْ مَدِينَةُ هِرَقْلَ أَوَّلًا»
[Machine] "Please write to me about what you have confirmed from the Hadith of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and about the Hadith of 'Umrah, as I have feared the loss of knowledge and its disappearance."
أَنْ اكْتُبْ إِلَيَّ بِمَا ثَبَتَ عِنْدَكَ مِنَ الْحَدِيثِ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَبِحَدِيثِ عَمْرَةَ فَإِنِّي قَدْ خَشِيتُ دُرُوسَ الْعِلْمِ وَذَهَابَهُ»
[Machine] "Look at the sayings of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and write them down, as I fear the loss of knowledge and the departure of its people."
أَنْ انْظُرُوا حَدِيثَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَاكْتُبُوهُ فَإِنِّي قَدْ خِفْتُ دُرُوسَ الْعِلْمِ وَذَهَابَ أَهْلِهِ»
[Machine] "Allah, the Exalted, is the All-Knower of it with my Lord in a Record." [Surah Taha 52]
اللَّهُ تَعَالَى {عِلْمُهَا عِنْدَ رَبِّي فِي كِتَابٍ} [طه 52]
[Machine] It is said, "Whoever does not write their knowledge, their knowledge is not considered knowledge."
يُقَالُ «مَنْ لَمْ يَكْتُبْ عِلْمَهُ لَمْ يُعَدَّ عِلْمُهُ عِلْمًا»
[Machine] Anas used to say to his sons, "O my sons, document this knowledge."
أَنَّ أَنَسًا كَانَ يَقُولُ لِبَنِيهِ «يَا بَنِيَّ قَيِّدُوا هَذَا الْعِلْمَ»
«رَأَيْتُ أَبَانَ يَكْتُبُ عِنْدَ أَنَسٍ فِي سَبُّورَةٍ»
لَا بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ
[Machine] "That I should leave him and I came to him with his book, I read it to him and said to him, 'Did I hear this from you?' He said, 'Yes'."
أَنْ أُفَارِقَهُ أَتَيْتُهُ بِكِتَابِهِ فَقَرَأْتُهُ عَلَيْهِ وَقُلْتُ لَهُ هَذَا سَمِعْتُ مِنْكَ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ
[Machine] "I hear the hadith from Ibn Umar and Ibn Abbas at night, then I write it in a notebook."
أَسْمَعُ مِنْ ابْنِ عُمَرَ وَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ الْحَدِيثَ بِاللَّيْلِ فَأَكْتُبُهُ فِي وَاسِطَةِ الرَّحْلِ»
[Machine] I am not interested in anything in life except honesty and generosity. As for honesty, it is a book written by the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . And as for generosity, it is a land on which 'Amr ibn al-'As used to give charity and maintain.
مَا يُرَغِّبُنِي فِي الْحَيَاةِ إِلَّا الصَّادِقَةُ وَالْوَهْطُ فَأَمَّا الصَّادِقَةُ فَصَحِيفَةٌ كَتَبْتُهَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَمَّا الْوَهْطُ فَأَرْضٌ تَصَدَّقَ بِهَا عَمْرُو بْنُ الْعَاصِ كَانَ يَقُومُ عَلَيْهَا
[Machine] "He heard Umar ibn Al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, saying, 'Restrain knowledge with the book.'"
أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رِضْوَانُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ يَقُولُ «قَيِّدُوا الْعِلْمَ بِالْكِتَابِ»
أَنَّهُ قَالَ «قَيِّدُوا هَذَا الْعِلْمَ بِالْكِتَابِ»
[Machine] "He tells me the story and I write it down in the notebook until morning, then I write it."
يُحَدِّثُنِي بِالْحَدِيثِ فَأَكْتُبُهُ فِي وَاسِطَةِ الرَّحْلِ حَتَّى أُصْبِحَ فَأَكْتُبَهُ»
[Machine] "I used to write next to Ibn Abbas in a notebook, and I would also write on my sandals."
«كُنْتُ أَكْتُبُ عِنْدَ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي صَحِيفَةٍ وَأَكْتُبُ فِي نَعْلَيَّ»
[Machine] I used to sit with Ibn Abbas and write in the manuscript until it was filled, then I would turn my sandal and write on its back.
«كُنْتُ أَجْلِسُ إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فَأَكْتُبُ فِي الصَّحِيفَةِ حَتَّى تَمْتَلِئَ ثُمَّ أَقْلِبُ نَعْلَيَّ فَأَكْتُبُ فِي ظُهُورِهِمَا»
[Machine] "I saw them writing the explanation at Mujahid's."
«رَأَيْتُهُمْ يَكْتُبُونَ التَّفْسِيرَ عِنْدَ مُجَاهِدٍ»
[Machine] "I saw them writing with the tips of their fingers on the bamboo poles."
«رَأَيْتُهُمْ يَكْتُبُونَ عِنْدَ الْبَرَاءِ بِأَطْرَافِ الْقَصَبِ عَلَى أَكُفِّهِمْ»
«فَرَخَّصَ لِي وَلَمْ يَكَدْ»
أَنَّهُ كَانَ عِنْدِي مَكْتُوبًا
[Machine] Ata Ibn Abi Rabah used to be asked about things and he would write down what he would answer with in front of him.
كَانَ «يُسْأَلُ عَطَاءُ بْنُ أَبِي رَبَاحٍ وَيُكْتَبُ مَا يُجِيبَ فِيهِ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ»
[Machine] He saw Nafi', a student of Ibn 'Umar, dictating his knowledge and writing in front of him.
أَنَّهُ «رَأَى نَافِعًا مَوْلَى ابْنِ عُمَرَ يُمْلِي عِلْمَهُ وَيُكْتَبُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ»
[Machine] Sufyan used to write the hadith at night on the wall, then he would erase it in the morning.
«كَانَ سُفْيَانُ يَكْتُبُ الْحَدِيثَ بِاللَّيْلِ فِي الْحَائِطِ فَإِذَا أَصْبَحَ نَسَخَهُ ثُمَّ حَكَّهُ»
[Machine] Fulan, a man from the companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , narrated to me that Umar recognized him. I said, "Tell me that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'Indeed, modesty, chastity, and the control of the tongue are not qualities of the heart, but rather they are part of faith, and they increase in the hereafter and decrease in this worldly life. And what increases in the hereafter is greater. Verily, foul language, arrogance, and greed are qualities of hypocrisy, and they increase in this worldly life and decrease in the hereafter. And what decreases in the hereafter is greater.'"
حَدَّثَنِي فُلَانٌ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَعَرَفَهُ عُمَرُ قُلْتُ حَدَّثَنِي أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «إِنَّ الْحَيَاءَ وَالْعَفَافَ وَالْعِيَّ عِيَّ اللِّسَانِ لَا عِيَّ الْقَلْبِ وَالْفِقْهَ مِنَ الْإِيمَانِ وَهُنَّ مِمَّا يَزِدْنَ فِي الْآخِرَةِ وَيُنْقِصْنَ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا وَمَا يَزِدْنَ فِي الْآخِرَةِ أَكْثَرُ وَإِنَّ الْبَذَاءَ وَالْجَفَاءَ وَالشُّحَّ مِنَ النِّفَاقِ وَهُنَّ مِمَّا يَزِدْنَ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَيُنْقِصْنَ فِي الْآخِرَةِ وَمَا يُنْقِصْنَ فِي الْآخِرَةِ أَكْثَرُ»
[Machine] Awun ibn Abdullah told me about it, and I found it fascinating, so I wrote it down. And here is the narration.
حَدَّثَنِي بِهِ عَوْنُ بْنُ عبْدِ اللَّهِ فَأَعْجَبَنِي فَكَتَبْتُهُ فَإِذَا فِيهِ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ
[Machine] "O my sons and the sons of my brother, you are young people of a nation who are about to become elders like others, so seek knowledge. Whoever among you is unable to learn or teach it, let him write it and place it in his home."
يَا بَنِيَّ وَبَنِي أَخِي إِنَّكُمْ صِغَارُ قَوْمٍ يُوشِكُ أَنْ تَكُونُوا كِبَارَ آخَرِينَ فَتَعَلَّمُوا الْعِلْمَ فَمَنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ مِنْكُمْ أَنْ يَرْوِيَهُ أَوْ قَالَ يَحْفَظَهُ فَلْيَكْتُبْهُ وَلْيَضَعْهُ فِي بَيْتِهِ