0. Introduction
٠۔ المقدمة
[Machine] "I have encountered people, if not for surpassing one of them in intelligence, I would not have surpassed him. It is enough to praise a people to differ from their actions."
«لَقَدْ أَدْرَكْتُ أَقْوَامًا لَوْ لَمْ يُجَاوِزْ أَحَدُهُمْ ظُفْرًا لَمَا جَاوَزْتُهُ كَفَى إِزْرَاءً عَلَى قَوْمٍ أَنْ تُخَالَفَ أَفْعَالُهُمْ»
[Machine] "Regarding Ata', obey Allah, obey the Messenger, and those in authority among you." [Surah An-Nisa' 4:59] The people of knowledge and understanding have said that obeying the Messenger entails following the book (Quran) and the Sunnah (his teachings and practices)."
عَنْ عَطَاءٍ {أَطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُوا الرَّسُولَ وَأُولِي الْأَمْرِ مِنْكُمْ} [النساء 59] قَالَ أُولُو الْعِلْمِ وَالْفِقْهِ وَطَاعَةُ الرَّسُولِ اتِّبَاعُ الْكِتَابِ وَالسُّنَّةِ
[Machine] "Regarding something that I had a severe issue with, I said, may Allah have mercy on you, look into it. He said, 'If the path becomes clear to me and I find evidence, I will not hold back.'"
عَنْ شَيْءٍ وَكَانَتْ عِنْدِي مَسْأَلَةٌ شَدِيدَةٌ فَقُلْتُ رَحِمَكَ اللَّهُ انْظُرْ فِيهَا قَالَ «إِذَا وَضَحَ لِيَ الطَّرِيقُ وَوَجَدْتُ الْأَثَرَ لَمْ أَحْبَسْ»
[Machine] The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ said: "Learn knowledge and teach it to others. Learn the obligations (religious duties) and teach them to others. Learn the Quran and teach it to others. For surely, I am a person who will be taken (passed away), and knowledge will decrease, and trials will appear, until two people will differ in a matter of obligation and not find anyone to settle the difference between them."
لِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «تَعَلَّمُوا الْعِلْمَ وَعَلِّمُوهُ النَّاسَ تَعَلَّمُوا الْفَرَائِضَ وَعَلِّمُوهُا النَّاسَ تَعَلَّمُوا الْقُرْآنَ وَعَلِّمُوهُ النَّاسَ فَإِنِّي امْرُؤٌ مَقْبُوضٌ وَالْعِلْمُ سَيَنْقُصُ وَتَظْهَرُ الْفِتَنُ حَتَّى يَخْتَلِفَ اثْنَانِ فِي فَرِيضَةٍ لَا يَجِدَانِ أَحَدًا يَفْصِلُ بَيْنَهُمَا»
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent Mu'adh bin Jabal and Abu Musa to Yemen and said, "Support and help each other and make things easy for people. Do not cause disagreements." When they arrived in Yemen, Mu'adh delivered a sermon to the people, urging them to embrace Islam and encouraging them to understand the Quran. He said, "If you do so, then ask me, and I will inform you about the people of Paradise and the people of Hell." They said to Mu'adh, "You have ordered us that when we understand and read, we should ask you to inform us about the people of Paradise and the people of Hell." Mu'adh replied, "When a person is mentioned with goodness, he is from the people of Paradise. And when a person is mentioned with evil, he is from the people of Hell."
أَرْسَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مُعَاذَ بْنَ جَبَلٍ وَأَبَا مُوسَى إِلَى الْيَمَنِ قَالَ «تَسَانَدَا وَتَطَاوَعَا ويسِّرا وَلَا تُنَفِّرَا» فَقَدِمَا الْيَمَنَ فَخَطَبَ النَّاسَ مُعَاذٌ فَحَضَّهُمْ عَلَى الْإِسْلَامِ وَأَمَرَهُمْ بِالتَّفَقُّهِ فِي القرْآنِ وَقَالَ إِذَا فَعَلْتُمْ ذَلِكَ فَاسْأَلُونِي أُخْبِرْكُمْ عَنْ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ مِنْ أَهْلِ النَّارِ فَمَكَثُوا مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَمْكُثُوا فَقَالُوا لِمُعَاذٍ قَدْ كُنْتَ أَمَرْتَنَا إِذَا نَحْنُ تَفَقَّهْنَا وَقَرَأْنَا أَنْ نَسْأَلَكَ فَتُخْبِرَنَا بِأَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ مِنْ أَهْلِ النَّارِ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ مُعَاذٌ إِذَا ذُكِرَ الرَّجُلُ بِخَيْرٍ فَهُوَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ وَإِذَا ذُكِرَ بِشَرٍّ فَهُوَ مِنْ أَهْلِ النَّارِ
It was said to Messenger of Allah ﷺ as to who was the most worthy of respect amongst people. He said: The most God-conscious amongst you They said: It is not this that we are asking about, whereupon he said: Then he is Yusuf, the Apostle of Aliah and the son of Allah's Apostle, Ya'qub, who was also the son of Allah's Apostle, the friend of Allah (Ibrahim) They said: This is not what we are asking you. He said: You mean the tribes of Arabia? Those who are good in pre-Islamic days are good in Islam (after embracing Islam) when they get an understanding of it. (Using translation from Muslim 2378)
قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَيُّ النَّاسِ أَكْرَمُ؟ قَالَ «أَتْقَاهُمْ» قَالُوا لَيْسَ عَنْ هَذَا نَسْأَلُكَ قَالَ «فَيُوسُفُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ ابْنُ نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ ابْنِ خَلِيلِ اللَّهِ» قَالُوا لَيْسَ عَنْ هَذَا نَسْأَلُكَ قَالَ «فَعَنْ مَعَادِنِ الْعَرَبِ تَسْأَلُونِي؟ خِيَارُهُمْ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ خِيَارُهُمْ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ إِذَا فَقُهُوا»
I heard Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying, "If Allah wants to do good to a person, He makes him comprehend the religion. I am just a distributor, but the grant is from Allah. (And remember) that this nation (true Muslims) will keep on following Allah's teachings strictly and they will not be harmed by any one going on a different path till Allah's order (Day of Judgment) is established." (Using translation from Bukhārī 71)
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «مَنْ يُرِدِ اللَّهُ بِهِ خَيْرًا يُفَقِّهْهُ فِي الدِّينِ»
"The Messenger of Allah said: 'When Allah wills good for a person, He causes him to understand the religion.'" (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 220)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «مَنْ يُرِدِ اللَّهُ بِهِ خَيْرًا يُفَقِّهْهُ فِي الدِّينِ»
I heard Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying, "If Allah wants to do good to a person, He makes him comprehend the religion. I am just a distributor, but the grant is from Allah. (And remember) that this nation (true Muslims) will keep on following Allah's teachings strictly and they will not be harmed by any one going on a different path till Allah's order (Day of Judgment) is established." (Using translation from Bukhārī 71)
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «مَنْ يُرِدِ اللَّهُ بِهِ خَيْرًا يُفَقِّهْهُ فِي الدِّينِ»
[Machine] "He witnessed the sermon of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ on the Day of Arafah during the Farewell Pilgrimage. The Prophet ﷺ said, 'O people, I swear by Allah, I do not know whether I will meet you again after this day at this place. May Allah have mercy on those who hear my words today and convey them to others. Perhaps someone who is present, but not the most knowledgeable, may convey it to someone who is more knowledgeable than him.'"
أَنَّهُ شَهِدَ خُطْبَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي يَوْمِ عَرَفَةَ فِي حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ «أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنِّي وَاللَّهِ لَا أَدْرِي لَعَلِّي لَا أَلْقَاكُمْ بَعْدَ يَوْمِي هَذَا بِمَكَانِي هَذَا فَرَحِمَ اللَّهُ مَنْ سَمِعَ مَقَالَتِي الْيَوْمَ فَوَعَاهَا فَرُبَّ حَامِلِ فِقْهٍ وَلَا فِقْهَ لَهُ وَرُبَّ حَامِلِ فِقْهٍ إِلَى مَنْ هُوَ أَفْقَهُ مِنْهُ»
"The Messenger of Allah said: 'May Allah cause to flourish a slave (of His) who hears my words and understands them, then he conveys them from me. There are those who have knowledge but no understanding, and there may be those who convey knowledge to those who may have more understanding of it than they do.'" (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 236)
قَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِالْخَيْفِ مِنْ مِنًى فَقَالَ «نَضَّرَ اللَّهُ عَبْدًا سَمِعَ مَقَالَتِي فَوَعَاهَا ثُمَّ أَدَّاهَا إِلَى مَنْ لَمْ يَسْمَعْهَا فَرُبَّ حَامِلِ فِقْهٍ لَا فِقْهَ لَهُ وَرُبَّ حَامِلِ فِقْهٍ إِلَى مَنْ هُوَ أَفْقَهُ مِنْهُ»
[Machine] So I said, "I did not leave Marwan except that he asked me about something, so I went to him and asked him. He said, 'Yes, he asked me about a hadith that I heard from the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him.' He said, 'May Allah brighten the face of a person who hears a hadith from us and memorizes it, then conveys it to someone who has better understanding of it. There are many carriers of fiqh (knowledge) who are not scholars, and there are many carriers of fiqh who convey it to someone who has better understanding than them.'"
فَقُلْتُ مَا خَرَجَ هَذِهِ السَّاعَةَ مِنْ عِنْدِ مَرْوَانَ إِلَّا وَقَدْ سَأَلَهُ عَنْ شَيْءٍ فَأَتَيْتُهُ فَسَأَلْتُهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ سَأَلَنِي عَنْ حَدِيثٍ سَمِعْتُهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «نَضَّرَ اللَّهُ امْرَأً سَمِعَ مِنَّا حَدِيثًا فَحَفِظَهُ فَأَدَّاهُ إِلَى مَنْ هُوَ أَحْفَظُ مِنْهُ فَرُبَّ حَامِلِ فِقْهٍ لَيْسَ بِفَقِيهٍ وَرُبَّ حَامِلِ فِقْهٍ إِلَى مَنْ هُوَ أَفْقَهُ مِنْهُ»
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ delivered a speech and said, "May Allah bless the person who hears a narration from us and conveys it as he heard it, for perhaps the conveyer understands it better than the listener."
خَطَبَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ «نَضَّرَ اللَّهُ امْرءًا سَمِعَ مِنَّا حَدِيثًا فَبَلَّغَهُ كَمَا سَمِعَهُ فَرُبَّ مُبَلَّغٍ أَوْعَى مِنْ سَامِعٍ»