[Machine] On the authority of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ who said: "The wound of the non-Arabs is curable, and the metal is curable, and the well is curable, and in the fifth is the treasure."  

عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَالَ الْعَجْمَاءُ جَرْحُهَا جُبَارٌ وَالْمَعْدِنُ جُبَارٌ وَالْبِئْرُ جُبَارٌ وَفِي الرِّكَازِ الْخُمُسُ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The wound of a non-Arab is grave, and a well is grave. Hafs ibn 'Umar enhanced it (narration) and the mine is grave. And in the fifth (of the spoils), they extracted it in the authentic (hadith) from the narration of Shu'bah. And indeed, he (the Messenger) intended by it, and Allah knows best, when he dug it in his own property and in a desert or a wide, possible road. But if he dug it in other places, then he guarantees what is damaged in it. We have narrated from 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said, 'Whoever builds in an unjust manner or digs without ownership, then he is liable."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْعَجْمَاءُ جَرْحُهَا جُبَارٌ وَالْبِئْرُ جُبَارٌ زَادَ حَفْصُ بْنُ عُمَرَ وَالْمَعْدِنُ جُبَارٌ وَفِي الرِّكَازِ الْخُمُسُ أَخْرَجَاهُ فِي الصَّحِيحِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ شُعْبَةَ وَإِنَّمَا أَرَادَ بِهِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ إِذَا حَفَرَهَا فِي مِلْكِهِ وَفِي صَحْرَاءَ أَوْ طَرِيقٍ وَاسِعَةٍ مُحْتَمَلَةٍ فَأَمَّا إِذَا حَفَرَهَا فِي غَيْرِ هَذِهِ الْمَوَاضِعِ فَإِنَّهُ يَضْمَنُ مَا يَتْلَفُ فِيهَا رُوِّينَا عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ؓ أَنَّهُ قَالَ مَنْ بَنَى فِي غَيْرِ حَقِّهِ أَوِ احْتَفَرَ فِي غَيْرِ مِلْكِهِ فَهُوَ ضَامِنٌ  

[Machine] No, but Amr ibn Al-Harith guaranteed it and the well was on the way, without his right.  

لَا وَلَكِنْ عَلَى عَمْرِو بْنِ الْحَارِثِ فَضَمَّنَهُ وَكَانَتِ الْبِئْرُ فِي الطَّرِيقِ فِي غَيْرِ حَقِّهِ  

[Machine] "When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent me to Yemen, a group of people dug a pit for the lion, and the people crowded around the pit. A man fell into it and another man held onto him, and the others held onto one another until there were four of them. The lion injured them in the pit and they all perished. The people then took up arms and almost fought amongst themselves. I came to them and said, 'Are you willing to kill two hundred men for the sake of four individuals? Come, let me decide between you through a just judgment. If you agree to it, it will be a fair judgment between you. But if you refuse, I will refer the matter to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , who is the most rightful to judge.' So, I decided that the owner of the pit should pay one-fourth of the blood money (diyah) for the first person, one-third for the second person, half for the third person, and the full blood money for the fourth person. The blood money was to be paid by those present at the pit, from the four different tribes. Some of them were displeased, while others were satisfied. Then they all came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and narrated the story to him. He said, 'I will decide between you,' and then a person said, 'Ali has already judged between us.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was informed about Ali's judgment, and he said, 'The judgment is as Ali has judged.' This narration is from Hammad, and Qays also reported it. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ confirmed Ali's judgment."  

لَمَّا بَعَثَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَى الْيَمَنِ حَفَرَ قَوْمٌ زُبْيَةً لِلْأَسَدِ فَازْدَحَمَ النَّاسُ عَلَى الزُّبْيَةِ وَوَقَعَ فِيهَا الْأَسَدُ فَوَقَعَ فِيهَا رَجُلٌ وَتَعَلَّقَ بِرَجُلٍ وَتَعَلَّقَ الْآخَرُ بِآخَرَ حَتَّى صَارُوا أَرْبَعَةً فَجَرَحَهُمُ الْأَسَدُ فِيهَا فَهَلَكُوا وَحَمَلَ الْقَوْمُ السِّلَاحَ فَكَادَ أَنْ يَكُونَ بَيْنَهُمْ قِتَالٌ قَالَ فَأَتَيْتُهُمْ فَقُلْتُ أَتَقْتُلُونَ مِائَتَيْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَجْلِ أَرْبَعَةِ أُنَاسٍ تَعَالَوْا أَقْضِ بَيْنَكُمْ بِقَضَاءٍ فَإِنْ رَضِيتُمُوهُ فَهُوَ قَضَاءٌ بَيْنَكُمْ وَإِنْ أَبَيْتُمْ رَفَعْتُمْ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ أَحَقُّ بِالْقَضَاءِ قَالَ فَجَعَلَ لِلْأَوَّلِ رُبُعَ الدِّيَةِ وَجَعَلَ لِلثَّانِي ثُلُثَ الدِّيَةِ وَجَعَلَ لِلثَّالِثِ نِصْفَ الدِّيَةِ وَجَعَلَ لِلرَّابِعِ الدِّيَةَ وَجَعَلَ الدِّيَاتِ عَلَى مَنْ حَضَرَ الزُّبْيَةَ عَلَى الْقَبَائِلِ الْأَرْبَعَةِ فَسَخِطَ بَعْضُهُمْ وَرَضِيَ بَعْضُهُمْ ثُمَّ قَدِمُوا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَصُّوا عَلَيْهِ الْقِصَّةَ فَقَالَ أَنَا أَقْضِي بَيْنَكُمْ فَقَالَ قَائِلٌ فَإِنَّ عَلِيًّا ؓ قَدْ قَضَى بَيْنَنَا فَأَخْبَرَهُ بِمَا قَضَى عَلِيٌّ ؓ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْقَضَاءُ كَمَا يَقْضِي عَلِيٌّ قَالَ هَذَا حَمَّادٌ وَقَالَ قَيْسٌ فَأَمْضَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَضَاءَ عَلِيٍّ ؓ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent me to Yemen and mentioned this story. Then Ali said, "Gather together the tribes who have contributed a fourth of the diya (blood money), a third of the diya, half of the diya, and those who have paid the diya in full. The first fourth is to be paid because it has caused the death of the one who should be paid the diya, the second third is to be paid because it has caused the death of the one above it, the third half is to be paid because it has caused the death of the one above it, and the fourth full diya is to be paid." Hannash claimed that some of the people disliked this, so they came to the Prophet ﷺ and met him at the station of Ibrahim, ﷺ , and told him the story. The Prophet ﷺ covered himself with his garment and then said, "I will decide among you." A man from the people said, "Ali has decided among us," so they informed him of the story, and he approved it. This hadith was sent in its entirety, and Hannash ibn Al-Mutamir is not reliable in it.  

بَعَثَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَى الْيَمَنِ فَذَكَرَ هَذِهِ الْقِصَّةَ ثُمَّ قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ؓ اجْمَعُوا فِي الْقَبَائِلِ الَّذِينَ حَضَرُوا رُبُعَ الدِّيَةِ وَثُلُثَ الدِّيَةِ وَنِصْفَ الدِّيَةِ وَالدِّيَةَ كَامِلَةً فَلِلْأَوَّلِ الرُّبُعُ مِنْ أَجْلِ أَنَّهُ أَهْلَكَ مَنْ يَلِيهِ وَالثَّانِي ثُلُثُ الدِّيَةِ مِنْ أَجْلِ أَنَّهُ أَهْلَكَ مَنْ فَوْقَهُ وَالثَّالِثُ نِصْفُ الدِّيَةِ مِنْ أَجْلِ أَنَّهُ أَهْلَكَ مَنْ فَوْقَهُ وَالرَّابِعُ الدِّيَةُ كَامِلَةً فَزَعَمَ حَنَشٌ أَنَّ بَعْضَ الْقَوْمِ كَرِهَ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى أَتَوَا النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَلَقُوهُ عِنْدَ مَقَامِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَقَصُّوا عَلَيْهِ الْقِصَّةَ فَاحْتَبَى بُرْدَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَنَا أَقْضِي بَيْنَكُمْ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ إِنَّ عَلِيًّا قَضَى بَيْنَنَا فَقَصُّوا عَلَيْهِ الْقِصَّةَ فَأَجَازَهُ فَهَذَا الْحَدِيثُ قَدْ أُرْسِلَ آخِرُهُ وَحَنَشُ بْنُ الْمُعْتَمِرِ غَيْرُ مُحْتَجٍّ بِهِ  

[Machine] That two-thirds of the debt should be borne by the first party, one-third of it on the second party, and one-third on the third party. Because if he died as a result of his own action and the action of two others, then two-thirds of the debt falls on his own action and the two-thirds become obligatory on the second party. In the second situation, two-thirds of the debt are divided into one-third on the first party and one-third on the third party. In the third situation, there are two possibilities: one is that half of the debt falls on the second party and the other is that two-thirds of the debt fall on the first and the second parties. In the fourth situation, the entire debt falls on the third party, and there is another possibility that it falls on the first, second, and third parties. If the hadith is authentic, then the analogy is left to it. And Allah knows best.  

أَنْ يَكُونَ فِي الْأَوَّلِ ثُلُثَا الدِّيَةِ ثُلُثُهَا عَلَى عَاقِلَةِ الثَّانِي وَثُلُثُهَا عَلَى عَاقِلَةِ الثَّالِثِ؛ لِأَنَّهُ مَاتَ مِنْ فِعْلِ نَفْسِهِ وَفِعْلِ اثْنَيْنِ فَسَقَطَ ثُلُثُ الدِّيَةِ لِفِعْلِ نَفْسِهِ وَوَجَبَ الثُّلُثَانِ وَفِي الثَّانِي ثُلُثَا الدِّيَةِ ثُلُثُهَا عَلَى عَاقِلَةِ الْأَوَّلِ وَثُلُثُهَا عَلَى عَاقِلَةِ الثَّالِثِ وَفِي الثَّالِثِ وَجْهَانِ أَحَدُهُمَا نِصْفُ الدِّيَةِ عَلَى عَاقِلَةِ الثَّانِي وَالْآخَرُ ثُلُثَا الدِّيَةِ عَلَى عَاقِلَةِ الْأَوَّلِ وَالثَّانِي وَفِي الرَّابِعِ جَمِيعُ الدِّيَةِ عَلَى عَاقِلَةِ الثَّالِثِ وَفِيهِ وَجْهٌ آخَرُ أَنَّهَا عَلَى عَاقِلَةِ الْأَوَّلِ وَالثَّانِي وَالثَّالِثِ فَإِنْ صَحَّ الْحَدِيثُ تُرِكَ لَهُ الْقِيَاسُ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ  

[Machine] A man hired four people to dig a well, and part of it fell on a man and he died. This matter was brought to Ali, who said, "He (the employer) shall bear three-quarters of the blood money, and the remaining one-quarter shall be lifted from the other three." These are the sayings of Khalas from Ali, which cannot be used as evidence to argue for any further actions. This is based on their own judgment, if there was a negligence in the fall of a part due to their actions.  

أَنَّ رَجُلًا اسْتَأْجَرَ أَرْبَعَةً يَحْفِرُونَ بِئْرًا فَسَقَطَ طَائِفَةٌ مِنْهَا عَلَى رَجُلٍ فَمَاتَ فَرُفِعَ ذَلِكَ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ ؓ قَالَ فَجَعَلَ ؓ عَلَى الثَّلَاثَةِ ثَلَاثَةَ أَرْبَاعِ الدِّيَةِ وَرَفَعَ عَنْهُمُ الرُّبُعَ نَصِيبَ الْمَيِّتِ أَحَادِيثُ خِلَاسٍ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ؓ لَا يُحْتَجُّ بِهَا لِإِرْسَالٍ فِيهَا وَهَذَا عَلَى عَوَاقِلِهِمْ إِنْ كَانَ سُقُوطُ طَائِفَةٍ فِيهَا بِفِعْلِهِمْ  

[Machine] There were three neighbors who used to play together, and one of them rode her companion's animal. The third neighbor's animal bit the ridden one, causing it to fall and break its neck. Ali then distributed one-third of the blood money to the bitten animal's owner, one-third to the owner of the biting animal, and dropped the remaining one-third, saying that it belongs to the ridden animal, as it supported itself.  

أَنَّ ثَلَاثَ جَوَارٍ كُنَّ يَلْعَبْنَ فَرَكِبَتْ إِحْدَاهُنَّ صَاحِبَتَهَا فَقَرَصَتِ الثَّالِثَةُ الْمَرْكُوبَةَ فَقَمَصَتْ فَسَقَطَتِ الرَّاكِبَةُ فَوُقِصَتْ عُنُقُهَا فَجَعَلَ عَلِيٌّ ؓ عَلَى الْقَارِصَةِ ثُلُثَ الدِّيَةِ وَعَلَى الْقَامِصَةِ الثُّلُثَ وَأَسْقَطَ الثُّلُثَ يَقُولُ لِأَنَّهُ حِصَّةُ الرَّاكِبَةِ؛ لِأَنَّهَا أَعَانَتْ عَلَى نَفْسِهَا  

[Machine] The blind man was being led by a sighted person when they both fell into a well. The blind man fell on top of the sighted person and the sighted person died. The blind man spent the rest of his life with the wisdom of the sighted person.  

أَنَّ أَعْمَى كَانَ يَقُودُهُ بَصِيرٌ فَوَقَعَا فِي بِئْرٍ فَوَقَعَ الْأَعْمَى عَلَى الْبَصِيرِ فَمَاتَ الْبَصِيرُ فَقَضَى عُمَرُ ؓ بِعَقْلِ الْبَصِيرِ عَلَى الْأَعْمَى