51. Chapter
٥١۔ كِتَابُ الدِّيَاتِ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah wrote a letter to the people of Yemen, in which he mentioned the issue of blood money. It was narrated in a hadith by Mu'adh bin Jabal and in a hadith by a man from the family of Umar. We also heard it from Umar himself, which indicates that he used to rule in accordance with the concept of blood money.
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَتَبَ إِلَى أَهْلِ الْيَمَنِ بِكِتَابٍ فِيهِ وَفِي اللِّسَانِ الدِّيَةُ وَهُوَ فِي حَدِيثِ مُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ مَرْفُوعًا وَفِي حَدِيثِ رَجُلٍ مِنْ آلِ عُمَرَ ؓ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَرُوِّينَا عَنْ عُمَرَ ؓ مَا دَلَّ عَلَى أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقْضِي فِيهِ بِالدِّيَةِ
أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي اللِّسَانِ الدِّيَةُ
[Machine] And in the tongue is life, and in the voice, when the fiber is severed.
وَفِي اللِّسَانِ الدِّيَةُ وَفِي الصَّوْتِ إِذَا انْقَطَعَ الدِّيَةُ
[Machine] "About the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , he said regarding the tongue the penalty is due when one refrains from speaking, and regarding the male genitals the penalty is due when the foreskin is cut, and regarding the lips the penalty is due when both lips are cut. This is a weak narration by Muhammad ibn Ubaydullah al-Arzami and Harith ibn Nabhan, both of them weak narrators."
عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ فِي اللِّسَانِ الدِّيَةُ إِذَا مَنَعَ الْكَلَامَ وَفِي الذَّكَرِ الدِّيَةُ إِذَا قُطِعَتِ الْحَشَفَةُ وَفِي الشَّفَتَيْنِ الدِّيَةُ هَذَا إِسْنَادٌ ضَعِيفٌ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ الْعَرْزَمِيُّ وَالْحَارِثُ بْنُ نَبْهَانَ ضَعِيفَانِ
[Machine] To prevent speech, there is a diyya (blood money) involved. And whatever is less than that, it is based on estimation (with a value of) 16254. Wahb narrated to us from Abu Bakr, from Ibn Fudayl, from Ash'ath, from Al-Sha'bi, from Abdullah, who said: "Regarding the tongue, the diyya is paid when it is injured. And whatever is missing, it is based on estimation (with a value of) 16255." Abu Bakr narrated to us from Muhammad ibn Bakr, from Ibn Jurayj, from Amr ibn Shuayb, who said: "Abu Bakr made a ruling regarding the tongue that if it is severed, then when it is injured from its origin, and if it is cut, then he spoke that it is half of the diyya."
أَنْ يَمْنَعَ الْكَلَامَ فَفِيهِ الدِّيَةُ وَمَا كَانَ دُونَ ذَلِكَ فَبِحِسَابِهِ 16254 قَالَ وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ فُضَيْلٍ عَنْ أَشْعَثَ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ قَالَ فِي اللِّسَانِ الدِّيَةُ إِذَا اسْتُوعِيَ فَمَا نَقَصَ فَبِحِسَابٍ 16255 قَالَ وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ بَكْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ قَالَ قَضَى أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ فِي اللِّسَانِ إِذَا قُطِعَ بِالدِّيَةِ إِذَا أُوعِيَ مِنْ أَصْلِهِ وَإِذَا قُطِعَ فَتَكَلَّمَ فَفِيهِ نِصْفُ الدِّيَةِ
أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي ذَهَابِ الْكَلَامِ الدِّيَةُ
[Machine] The letters are twenty-eight letters, so whatever is cut from the tongue is based on what is lacking from the letters. It was narrated from Masrouq that he said about the tongue of the deaf and mute: "It is a form of governance."
الْحُرُوفُ ثَمَانِيَةٌ وَعِشْرُونَ حَرْفًا فَمَا قُطِعَ مِنَ اللِّسَانِ فَهُوَ عَلَى مَا نَقَصَ مِنَ الْحُرُوفِ وَرُوِيَ عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي لِسَانِ الْأَخْرَسِ حُكُومَةٌ