4. Sūrat al-Nisāʾ

٤۔ سُورَةُ النِّسَاء

4.31 Who should the believers obey?

٤۔٣١ مقطع في سُورَةُ النِّسَاء

quran:4:57

But those who believe and do righteous deeds - We will admit them to gardens beneath which rivers flow, wherein they abide forever. For them therein are purified spouses, and We will admit them to deepening shade.  

And those that believe, and perform righteous deeds, We shall admit them to Gardens underneath which rivers flow, wherein they abide: they shall have therein spouses purified, of menstruation and every impurity, and We shall admit them to plenteous shade, that is everlasting ˹shade˺, never replaced by any sun, and this is the shade of Paradise.
القرآن:٤:٥٧

وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ سَنُدْخِلُهُمْ جَنَّاتٍ تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَارُ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا أَبَدًا ۖ لَهُمْ فِيهَا أَزْوَاجٌ مُطَهَّرَةٌ ۖ وَنُدْخِلُهُمْ ظِلًّا ظَلِيلًا  

{والذين آمنوا وعملوا الصالحات سندخلهم جنات تجري من تحتها الأنهار خالدين فيها أبدا لهم فيها أزواج مطهرة} من الحيض وكل قذر {وندخلهم ظلا ظليلا} دائما لا تنسخه شمس وهو ظل الجنة,
quran:4:58

Indeed, Allah commands you to render trusts to whom they are due and when you judge between people to judge with justice. Excellent is that which Allah instructs you. Indeed, Allah is ever Hearing and Seeing.  

Verily, God commands you to restore trusts, that is, the rights entrusted ˹to you by others˺, back to their owners: this was revealed when ‘Alī, may God be pleased with him, took the key of the Ka‘ba from its keeper, ‘Uthmān b. Talha al-Hajabī, by force, upon the arrival of the Prophet (s) in Mecca in the year of the Conquest, after he ˹‘Uthmān˺ had tried to prevent him ˹‘Alī from taking it˺ saying, ‘If I had known that he was the Messenger of God, I would not have prevented him’. The Messenger of God (s) then ordered him ˹‘Alī˺ to give it back to him ˹‘Uthmān˺ saying to him, ‘Here you are, ˹it is yours˺ now and always’. He ˹‘Uthmān˺ was amazed by this, whereupon ‘Alī recited to him this verse, and he accepted Islam. Upon his death, he ˹‘Uthmān˺ gave it ˹the key˺ to his brother, Shayba, and thus it remained in ˹the keep of˺ his descendants. Although the verse was revealed regarding a specific occasion, it holds true in general on account of the plural person ˹to which it is addressed˺. And when you judge between people, He commands, that you judge with justice. Excellent is (ni‘immā, the mīm of ni‘ima has been assimilated with the indefinite particle mā, which is the object described, in other words, na‘ima shay’an, ‘an excellent thing ˹is˺’) the admonition God gives you, to restore a trust and to judge with justice. God is ever Hearer, of what is said, Seer, of what is done.
القرآن:٤:٥٨

إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَأْمُرُكُمْ أَنْ تُؤَدُّوا الْأَمَانَاتِ إِلَىٰ أَهْلِهَا وَإِذَا حَكَمْتُمْ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ أَنْ تَحْكُمُوا بِالْعَدْلِ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ نِعِمَّا يَعِظُكُمْ بِهِ ۗ إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ سَمِيعًا بَصِيرًا  

{إن الله يأمركم أن تؤدوا الأمانات} أي ما اؤتمن عليه من الحقوق {إلى أهلها} نزلت لما أخذ عليّ ؓ مفتاح الكعبة من عثمان بن طلحة الحجبي سادنها قسرا لما قدم النبي ﷺ مكة عام الفتح ومنعه وقال لو علمت أنه رسول الله لم أمنعه فأمر رسول الله ﷺ برده إليه وقال هاك خالدة تالدة فعجب من ذلك فقرأ له عليُّ الآية، فأسلم وأعطاه عند موته لأخيه شيبة فبقي في ولده والآيةُ وإن وردت على سبب خاص فعمومها معتبر بقرينة الجمع {وإذا حكمتم بين الناس} يأمركم {أن تحكموا بالعدل إن الله نعمَّا} فيه إدغام ميم نعم في ما النكرة الموصولة أي نعم شيئا {يعظكم به} تأدية الأمانة والحكم بالعدل {إن الله كان سميعا} لما يقال {بصيرا} بما يفعل.
quran:4:59

O you who have believed, obey Allah and obey the Messenger and those in authority among you. And if you disagree over anything, refer it to Allah and the Messenger, if you should believe in Allah and the Last Day. That is the best ˹way˺ and best in result.  

O you who believe, obey God, and obey the Messenger and those in authority among you, that is, rulers, when they command you to obey God and His Messenger. If you should quarrel, disagree, about anything, refer it to God, that is, to His Book, and the Messenger, while he lives, and thereafter ˹refer˺ to his Sunna: in other words examine these ˹disputes˺ with reference to these two ˹sources˺, if you believe in God and the Last Day; that, reference to the two ˹sources˺, is better, for you than quarrelling or ˹adhering to˺ personal opinions, and more excellent in interpretation, in the end.
القرآن:٤:٥٩

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُوا الرَّسُولَ وَأُولِي الْأَمْرِ مِنْكُمْ ۖ فَإِنْ تَنَازَعْتُمْ فِي شَيْءٍ فَرُدُّوهُ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَالرَّسُولِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ خَيْرٌ وَأَحْسَنُ تَأْوِيلًا  

{يا أيها الذين آمنوا أطيعوا الله وأطيعوا الرسول وأولي} وأصحاب {الأمر} أي الولاة {منكم} إذا أمروكم بطاعة الله ورسوله {فإن تنازعتم} اختلفتم {في شيء فردوه إلى الله} أي إلى كتابه {والرسول} مدة حياته وبعده إلى سنته أي اكشفوا عليه منهما {إن كنتم تؤمنون بالله واليوم الآخر ذلك} أي الرد إليهما {خير} لكم من التنازع والقول بالرأي {وأحسن تأويلاً} مآلاً.