65. Prophetic Commentary on the Quran

٦٥۔ كتاب التفسير

65.11 Surat Hud (Hud) (contd …)

٦٥۔١١ سورة هُودٍ

[Machine] "And Abu Maisara Al-Awahi Ar-Raheem said it in Abyssinian. And Ibn Abbas said, 'The beginning of the opinion' what became clear to us. And Mujahid Al-Judici said, 'A mountain in the peninsula.' And Al-Hasan said, 'Indeed, you are kind' they mock him. And Ibn Abbas said, 'Get off' hold on. 'Harsh' intense. 'Undoubtedly' yes. 'And the fountain sprouts' the water springs. And Ikrima said, 'The face of the earth.'"

وَقَالَ أَبُو مَيْسَرَةَ الأَوَّاهُ الرَّحِيمُ بِالْحَبَشِيَّةِ.وَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: {بَادِئَ الرَّأْيِ} مَا ظَهَرَ لَنَا.وَقَالَ مُجَاهِدٌ الْجُودِيُّ جَبَلٌ بِالْجَزِيرَةِ.وَقَالَ الْحَسَنُ: {إِنَّكَ لأَنْتَ الْحَلِيمُ} يَسْتَهْزِئُونَ بِهِ، وَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: {أَقْلِعِي} أَمْسِكِي.{عَصِيبٌ} شَدِيدٌ.{لاَ جَرَمَ} بَلَى.{وَفَارَ التَّنُّورُ} نَبَعَ الْمَاءُ.وَقَالَ عِكْرِمَةُ وَجْهُ الأَرْضِ.

65.11.1 "No doubt! They did fold up their breasts, that they may hide from Him. Surely, even when they cover themselves with their garments, He knows what they conceal and what they reveal. Verily, He is the All-Knower of the (innermost secrets) of the breasts." (V.11:5)

٦٥۔١١۔١ باب {أَلاَ إِنَّهُمْ يَثْنُونَ صُدُورَهُمْ لِيَسْتَخْفُوا مِنْهُ أَلاَ حِينَ يَسْتَغْشُونَ ثِيَابَهُمْ يَعْلَمُ مَا يُسِرُّونَ وَمَا يُعْلِنُونَ إِنَّهُ عَلِيمٌ بِذَاتِ الصُّدُور}

[Machine] And others said: "The descent is imminent. He comes down." The deeds of those who have lost hope are futile. Mujahid said: "You become saddened." Doubt and hesitation in the truth. "In order to hide from Him" if they are able to, from Allah.

وَقَالَ غَيْرُهُ: {وَحَاقَ} نَزَلَ، يَحِيقُ يَنْزِلُ. يَئُوسٌ فَعُولٌ مِنْ يَئِسْتُ.وَقَالَ مُجَاهِدٌ: {تَبْتَئِسْ} تَحْزَنْ.{يَثْنُونَ صُدُورَهُمْ} شَكٌّ وَامْتِرَاءٌ فِي الْحَقِّ.{لِيَسْتَخْفُوا مِنْهُ} مِنَ اللَّهِ إِنِ اسْتَطَاعُوا.

bukhari:4681al-Ḥasan b. Muḥammad b. Ṣabbāḥ > Ḥajjāj > Ibn Jurayj > Muḥammad b. ʿAbbād b. Jaʿfar > Ibn ʿAbbās Yaqraʾ Alā Innahum Tathnawnī Ṣudūruhum > Saʾaltuh ʿAnhā > Unās Kānūā Yastaḥyūn > Yatakhallawā Fayufḍūā > al-Samāʾ

That he heard Ibn ʿAbbas reciting: "No doubt! They fold up their breasts." (11.5) and asked him about its explanation. He said, "Some people used to hide themselves while answering the call of nature in an open space lest they be exposed to the sky, and also when they had sexual relation with their wives in an open space lest they be exposed to the sky, so the above revelation was sent down regarding them."  

البخاري:٤٦٨١حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ صَبَّاحٍ حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجٌ قَالَ قَالَ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ أَخْبَرَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبَّادِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ يَقْرَأُ {أَلاَ إِنَّهُمْ تَثْنَوْنِي صُدُورُهُمْ} قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْهَا فَقَالَ أُنَاسٌ كَانُوا يَسْتَحْيُونَ أَنْ يَتَخَلَّوْا فَيُفْضُوا إِلَى السَّمَاءِ

وَأَنْ يُجَامِعُوا نِسَاءَهُمْ فَيُفْضُوا إِلَى السَّمَاءِ فَنَزَلَ ذَلِكَ فِيهِمْ  

bukhari:4682Ibrāhīm b. Mūsá > Hishām > Ibn Jurayj > Muḥammad b. ʿAbbād b. Jaʿfar > Ibn ʿAbbās Qaraʾ Alā Innahum Tathnawnī Ṣudūruhum > Yā Abū al-ʿAbbās Mā Tathnawnī Ṣudūruhum

Ibn ʿAbbas recited. "No doubt! They fold up their breasts." I said, "O Abu ʿAbbas! What is meant by "They fold up their breasts?" He said, "A man used to feel shy on having sexual relation with his wife or on answering the call of nature (in an open space) so this Verse was revealed:-- "No doubt! They fold up their breasts."  

البخاري:٤٦٨٢حَدَّثَنِي إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُوسَى أَخْبَرَنَا هِشَامٌ عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ وَأَخْبَرَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبَّادِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ أَنَّ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ قَرَأَ {أَلاَ إِنَّهُمْ تَثْنَوْنِي صُدُورُهُمْ} قُلْتُ يَا أَبَا الْعَبَّاسِ مَا تَثْنَوْنِي صُدُورُهُمْ قَالَ

كَانَ الرَّجُلُ يُجَامِعُ امْرَأَتَهُ فَيَسْتَحِي أَوْ يَتَخَلَّى فَيَسْتَحِي فَنَزَلَتْ {أَلاَ إِنَّهُمْ يَثْنُونَ صُدُورَهُمْ}  

bukhari:4683al-Ḥumaydī > Sufyān > ʿAmr > Qaraʾ Ibn ʿAbbās Alā Innahum Yathnūn Ṣudūrahum Liyastakhfūā Minh Alā Ḥīn Yastaghshūn Thiyābahum > Ghayruh > Ibn ʿAbbās Yastaghshūn Yughaṭṭūn Ruʾūsahum Sīʾ Bihim Sāʾ Ẓannuh Biqawmih And Ḍāq Bihim Biʾaḍyāfih Biqiṭʿ from al-Layl Bisawād

Ibn ʿAbbas recited:-- "No doubt! They fold up their breasts in order to hide from Him. Surely! Even when they cover themselves with their garments.." (11.5)  

البخاري:٤٦٨٣حَدَّثَنَا الْحُمَيْدِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرٌو قال

قَرَأَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ {أَلاَ إِنَّهُمْ يَثْنُونَ صُدُورَهُمْ لِيَسْتَخْفُوا مِنْهُ أَلاَ حِينَ يَسْتَغْشُونَ ثِيَابَهُمْ} وَقَالَ غَيْرُهُ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ {يَسْتَغْشُونَ} يُغَطُّونَ رُءُوسَهُمْ {سِيءَ بِهِمْ} سَاءَ ظَنُّهُ بِقَوْمِهِ {وَضَاقَ بِهِمْ} بِأَضْيَافِهِ {بِقِطْعٍ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ} بِسَوَادٍ وَقَالَ مُجَاهِدٌ {أُنِيبُ} أَرْجِعُ  

65.11.2 The Statement of Allah: "...And His Throne was on the water..." (V.11:7)

٦٥۔١١۔٢ باب قَوْلِهِ {وَكَانَ عَرْشُهُ عَلَى الْمَاءِ}

bukhari:4684Abū al-Yamān > Shuʿayb > Abū al-Zinād > al-Aʿraj > Abū Hurayrah

Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Allah said, 'Spend (O man), and I shall spend on you." He also said, "Allah's Hand is full, and (its fullness) is not affected by the continuous spending night and day." He also said, "Do you see what He has spent since He created the Heavens and the Earth? Nevertheless, what is in His Hand is not decreased, and His Throne was over the water; and in His Hand there is the balance (of justice) whereby He raises and lowers (people).  

البخاري:٤٦٨٤حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْيَمَانِ أَخْبَرَنَا شُعَيْبٌ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الزِّنَادِ عَنِ الأَعْرَجِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ؓ

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ قَالَ اللَّهُ ﷻ أَنْفِقْ أُنْفِقْ عَلَيْكَ وَقَالَ يَدُ اللَّهِ مَلأَى لاَ تَغِيضُهَا نَفَقَةٌ سَحَّاءُ اللَّيْلَ وَالنَّهَارَ وَقَالَ أَرَأَيْتُمْ مَا أَنْفَقَ مُنْذُ خَلَقَ السَّمَاءَ وَالأَرْضَ فَإِنَّهُ لَمْ يَغِضْ مَا فِي يَدِهِ وَكَانَ عَرْشُهُ عَلَى الْمَاءِ وَبِيَدِهِ الْمِيزَانُ يَخْفِضُ وَيَرْفَعُ {اعْتَرَاكَ} افْتَعَلْتَ مِنْ عَرَوْتُهُ أَىْ أَصَبْتُهُ وَمِنْهُ يَعْرُوهُ وَاعْتَرَانِي {آخِذٌ بِنَاصِيَتِهَا} أَىْ فِي مِلْكِهِ وَسُلْطَانِهِ عَنِيدٌ وَعَنُودٌ وَعَانِدٌ وَاحِدٌ هُوَ تَأْكِيدُ التَّجَبُّرِ {اسْتَعْمَرَكُمْ} جَعَلَكُمْ عُمَّارًا أَعْمَرْتُهُ الدَّارَ فَهْىَ عُمْرَى جَعَلْتُهَا لَهُ {نَكِرَهُمْ} وَأَنْكَرَهُمْ وَاسْتَنْكَرَهُمْ وَاحِدٌ {حَمِيدٌ مَجِيدٌ} كَأَنَّهُ فَعِيلٌ مِنْ مَاجِدٍ مَحْمُودٌ مِنْ حَمِدَ سِجِّيلٌ الشَّدِيدُ الْكَبِيرُ سِجِّيلٌ وَسِجِّينٌ وَاللاَّمُ وَالنُّونُ أُخْتَانِ وَقَالَ تَمِيمُ بْنُ مُقْبِلٍ وَرَجْلَةٍ يَضْرِبُونَ الْبَيْضَ ضَاحِيَةً ضَرْبًا تَوَاصَى بِهِ الأَبْطَالُ سِجِّينَا  

65.11.4 The Statement of Allah:"...The witnesses will say, 'These are the ones who lied..." (V.11:18)

٦٥۔١١۔٤ باب قَوْلِهِ {وَيَقُولُ الأَشْهَادُ هَؤُلاَءِ الَّذِينَ كَذَبُوا عَلَى رَبِّهِمْ أَلاَ لَعْنَةُ اللَّهِ عَلَى الظَّالِمِينَ}

[Machine] "One witness is equivalent to the testimony of a companion and his friends."

وَاحِدُ الأَشْهَادِ شَاهِدٌ مِثْلُ صَاحِبٍ وَأَصْحَابٍ.

bukhari:4685Musaddad > Yazīd b. Zurayʿ > Saʿīd And Hishām > Qatādah > Ṣafwān b. Muḥriz > Baynā Ibn ʿUmar Yaṭūf Idh ʿAraḍ a man > Yā Abū ʿAbd al-Raḥman or > Yā Ibn ʿUmar

While Ibn ʿUmar was performing the Tawaf (around the Kaʿba), a man came up to him and said, "O Abu ʿAbdurRahman!" or said, "O Ibn ʿUmar! Did you hear anything from the Prophet ﷺ about An35 Najwa?" Ibn ʿUmar said, "I heard the Prophet ﷺ saying, 'The Believer will be brought near his Lord." (Hisham, a sub-narrator said, reporting the Prophet's words), "The believer will come near (his Lord) till his Lord covers him with His screen and makes him confess his sins. (Allah will ask him), 'Do you know (that you did) 'such-and-such sin?" He will say twice, 'Yes, I do.' Then Allah will say, 'I concealed it in the world and I forgive it for you today.' Then the record of his good deeds will be folded up. As for the others, or the disbelievers, it will be announced publicly before the witnesses: 'These are ones who lied against their Lord."  

البخاري:٤٦٨٥حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ زُرَيْعٍ حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ وَهِشَامٌ قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا قَتَادَةُ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ مُحْرِزٍ قَالَ بَيْنَا ابْنُ عُمَرَ يَطُوفُ إِذْ عَرَضَ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ أَوْ قَالَ يَا ابْنَ عُمَرَ

سَمِعْتَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فِي النَّجْوَى فَقَالَ سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ يَقُولُ يُدْنَى الْمُؤْمِنُ مِنْ رَبِّهِ وَقَالَ هِشَامٌ يَدْنُو الْمُؤْمِنُ حَتَّى يَضَعَ عَلَيْهِ كَنَفَهُ فَيُقَرِّرُهُ بِذُنُوبِهِ تَعْرِفُ ذَنْبَ كَذَا يَقُولُ أَعْرِفُ يَقُولُ رَبِّ أَعْرِفُ مَرَّتَيْنِ فَيَقُولُ سَتَرْتُهَا فِي الدُّنْيَا وَأَغْفِرُهَا لَكَ الْيَوْمَ ثُمَّ تُطْوَى صَحِيفَةُ حَسَنَاتِهِ وَأَمَّا الآخَرُونَ أَوِ الْكُفَّارُ فَيُنَادَى عَلَى رُءُوسِ الأَشْهَادِ هَؤُلاَءِ الَّذِينَ كَذَبُوا عَلَى رَبِّهِمْ وَقَالَ شَيْبَانُ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ حَدَّثَنَا صَفْوَانُ  

65.11.5 The Statement of Allah: "Such is the Seizure of your Lord when He seizes the (population of) towns while they are doing wrong. Verily, His Seizure is painful and severe." (V.11:102)

٦٥۔١١۔٥ باب قَوْلِهِ {وَكَذَلِكَ أَخْذُ رَبِّكَ إِذَا أَخَذَ الْقُرَى وَهِيَ ظَالِمَةٌ إِنَّ أَخْذَهُ أَلِيمٌ شَدِيدٌ}

[Machine] "The given phrase includes the following Arabic text: {الرِّفْدُ الْمَرْفُودُ} الْعَوْنُ الْمُعِينُ. رَفَدْتُهُ أَعَنْتُهُ {تَرْكَنُوا} تَمِيلُوا {فَلَوْلاَ كَانَ} فَهَلاَّ كَانَ {أُتْرِفُوا} أُهْلِكُوا. وَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ {زَفِيرٌ وَشَهِيقٌ} شَدِيدٌ وَصَوْتٌ ضَعِيفٌ."

The English translation of this phrase is as follows: "The supportive backing. The assisting help. I supported him, I guided him. You leaned, you inclined. If there was not, why not? If there was luxury, it would be destroyed. And Ibn Abbas said {heavy breathing and weak voice}, intense panting and feeble sound."

{الرِّفْدُ الْمَرْفُودُ} الْعَوْنُ الْمُعِينُ. رَفَدْتُهُ أَعَنْتُهُ {تَرْكَنُوا} تَمِيلُوا {فَلَوْلاَ كَانَ} فَهَلاَّ كَانَ {أُتْرِفُوا} أُهْلِكُوا. وَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ {زَفِيرٌ وَشَهِيقٌ} شَدِيدٌ وَصَوْتٌ ضَعِيفٌ.

bukhari:4686Ṣadaqah b. al-Faḍl > Abū Muʿāwiyah > Burayd b. Abū Burdah > Abū Burdah > Abū Mūsá

Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Allah gives respite to the oppressor, but when He takes him over, He never releases him." Then he recited:-- "Such is the seizure of your Lord when He seizes (population of) towns in the midst of their wrong: Painful indeed, and severe is His seizure.' (11.102)  

البخاري:٤٦٨٦حَدَّثَنَا صَدَقَةُ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ حَدَّثَنَا بُرَيْدُ بْنُ أَبِي بُرْدَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بُرْدَةَ عَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى ؓ قَالَ

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَيُمْلِي لِلظَّالِمِ حَتَّى إِذَا أَخَذَهُ لَمْ يُفْلِتْهُ قَالَ ثُمَّ قَرَأَ {وَكَذَلِكَ أَخْذُ رَبِّكَ إِذَا أَخَذَ الْقُرَى وَهْىَ ظَالِمَةٌ إِنَّ أَخْذَهُ أَلِيمٌ شَدِيدٌ}  

65.11.6 The Statement of Allah: "And perform As-Salat (Iqa ma as-SaIãt)" at the two ends of the day, and in some hours of the night; [i.e ., five compulsory Salãt (prayers)]. Verily, the good deeds remove the evil deeds (small sins)…" ('V.11 :114)

٦٥۔١١۔٦ باب قَوْلِهِ {وَأَقِمِ الصَّلاَةَ طَرَفَىِ النَّهَارِ وَزُلَفًا مِنَ اللَّيْلِ إِنَّ الْحَسَنَاتِ يُذْهِبْنَ السَّيِّئَاتِ ذَلِكَ ذِكْرَى لِلذَّاكِرِينَ}

[Machine] "And nearby, [there are] hours followed by hours. And from it was named Al-Muzdalifah, and Al-Zulfu is a rank after a rank. And as for Zulfan, it is a source of proximity. They gathered, [saying], 'We have gathered'."

{وَزُلَفًا} سَاعَاتٍ بَعْدَ سَاعَاتٍ وَمِنْهُ سُمِّيَتِ الْمُزْدَلِفَةُ الزُّلَفُ مَنْزِلَةٌ بَعْدَ مَنْزِلَةٍ وَأَمَّا زُلْفَى فَمَصْدَرٌ مِنَ الْقُرْبَى، ازْدَلَفُوا اجْتَمَعُوا {أَزْلَفْنَا} جَمَعْنَا.

bukhari:4687Musaddad > Yazīd > Ibn Zurayʿ > Sulaymān al-Taymī > Abū ʿUthmān > Ibn Masʿūd

A man kissed a woman and then came to Messenger of Allah ﷺ and told him of that, so this Divine Inspiration was revealed to the Prophet ﷺ 'And offer Prayers perfectly at the two ends of the day, and in some hours of the night; (i.e. (five) compulsory prayers). Verily, the good deeds remove the evil deeds (small sins) That is a reminder for the mindful.' (11.114) The man said, Is this instruction for me only?' The Prophet ﷺ said, "It is for all those of my followers who encounter a similar situation."  

البخاري:٤٦٨٧حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ هُوَ ابْنُ زُرَيْعٍ حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ التَّيْمِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ ؓ

أَنَّ رَجُلاً أَصَابَ مِنَ امْرَأَةٍ قُبْلَةً فَأَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ لَهُ فَأُنْزِلَتْ عَلَيْهِ {وَأَقِمِ الصَّلاَةَ طَرَفَىِ النَّهَارِ وَزُلَفًا مِنَ اللَّيْلِ إِنَّ الْحَسَنَاتِ يُذْهِبْنَ السَّيِّئَاتِ ذَلِكَ ذِكْرَى لِلذَّاكِرِينَ} قَالَ الرَّجُلُ أَلِيَ هَذِهِ قَالَ لِمَنْ عَمِلَ بِهَا مِنْ أُمَّتِي