65.13 Surat ar-Ra’d (Thunder) (contd …)
٦٥۔١٣ سورة الرَّعْدِ
[Machine] Ibn Abbas said: "The likeness of the polytheist who worshipped with Allah another god is like that of a thirsty person who looks at his reflection in the water from afar, and he desires to drink it but he is unable to. And others said: "Subduer" (sakhkhara) means to humble. "Mutajawirat" means mixed or mingled. "Al-mathulat" (parables) one of them is "mathulah," which means similitudes and examples. And others said: "Except for the likeness of the days of those who have passed." "Bi-miqdarin" means according to a measure. "Mu'aqqibat" means guarding angels who follow one another, with the first watching over the second, and it is also said "al-'aqib." It is said "I followed in his footsteps," and "al-mihal" means the mattress. "Kabasiti kaffayhi ila-l-ma" means stretching out his hands towards the water to grab it. "Rabi'an" (sprouting) is derived from "raba," meaning to grow. "Aw mata'in zabad" means belongings or possessions that are like foam. "Jufa'an" means when the pot boils and it produces foam, then it settles and the foam disappears without any benefit. Similarly, the truth is distinguished from falsehood. "Al-mihad" means the bed. "Yadra'uun" means they repel. "Salamun 'alaykum" means they say peace be upon you. "Wa-ilayhi matahab" means my repentance is towards Him. "Afa-lam ya'yes" means has he not despaired. "Qari'ah" means calamity. "Fa-amlaytu" means I prolonged my stay among the wealthy and the prosperous, and among them is malyy, and it is said for the one who has a large area of land "mally," from the earth. "Ashqaqqu" means harder than hardship. "Mu'aqqibah" means changer. And Mujahid said: "Mutajawirat" means the good ones among them, and the wicked among them is "as-sibakh." "Sinwan" means two palm trees or more that come from one root. "Wa-ghairu sinwan" means a single one. "Bi-ma'in wahidin" means with one water, like the descendants of Adam and their father, and the heavy clouds in which there is water. "Kabasiti kaffayhi" means he stretches out his hands and calls the water with his tongue and gestures to it, but it never comes to him. "Salat audiyatun bi-qadariha" means the valleys were flowing according to their capacity. "Zabadan rabi'an" means the foam of the flood, the impurity of iron and jewelry.
وَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: {كَبَاسِطِ كَفَّيْهِ} مَثَلُ الْمُشْرِكِ الَّذِي عَبَدَ مَعَ اللَّهِ إِلَهًا غَيْرَهُ كَمَثَلِ الْعَطْشَانِ الَّذِي يَنْظُرُ إِلَى خَيَالِهِ فِي الْمَاءِ مِنْ بَعِيدٍ، وَهُوَ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَتَنَاوَلَهُ وَلاَ يَقْدِرُ.وَقَالَ غَيْرُهُ: {سَخَّرَ} ذَلَّلَ.{مُتَجَاوِرَاتٌ} مُتَدَانِيَاتٌ.{الْمَثُلاَتُ} وَاحِدُهَا مَثُلَةٌ وَهْيَ الأَشْبَاهُ وَالأَمْثَالُ، وَقَالَ: {إِلاَّ مِثْلَ أَيَّامِ الَّذِينَ خَلَوْا}.{بِمِقْدَارٍ} بِقَدَرٍ {مُعَقِّبَاتٌ} مَلاَئِكَةٌ حَفَظَةٌ تُعَقِّبُ الأُولَى مِنْهَا الأُخْرَى، وَمِنْهُ قِيلَ الْعَقِيبُ. يُقَالُ عَقَّبْتُ فِي إِثْرِهِ، الْمِحَالُ الْعُقُوبَةُ.{كَبَاسِطِ كَفَّيْهِ إِلَى الْمَاءِ} لِيَقْبِضَ عَلَى الْمَاءِ.{رَابِيًا} مِنْ رَبَا يَرْبُو.{أَوْ مَتَاعٍ زَبَدٌ} الْمَتَاعُ مَا تَمَتَّعْتَ بِهِ.{جُفَاءً} أَجْفَأَتِ الْقِدْرُ إِذَا غَلَتْ فَعَلاَهَا الزَّبَدُ، ثُمَّ تَسْكُنُ فَيَذْهَبُ الزَّبَدُ بِلاَ مَنْفَعَةٍ، فَكَذَلِكَ يُمَيِّزُ الْحَقَّ مِنَ الْبَاطِلِ.{الْمِهَادُ} الْفِرَاشُ.{يَدْرَءُونَ} يَدْفَعُونَ دَرَأْتُهُ دَفَعْتُهُ.{سَلاَمٌ عَلَيْكُمْ} أَيْ يَقُولُونَ سَلاَمٌ عَلَيْكُمْ.{وَإِلَيْهِ مَتَابِ} تَوْبَتِي.{أَفَلَمْ يَيْأَسْ} لَمْ يَتَبَيَّنْ.{قَارِعَةٌ} دَاهِيَةٌ {فَأَمْلَيْتُ} أَطَلْتُ مِنَ الْمَلِيِّ وَالْمُلاَوَةُ وَمِنْهُ مَلِيًّا، وَيُقَالُ لِلْوَاسِعِ الطَّوِيلِ مِنَ الأَرْضِ مَلًى مِنَ الأَرْضِ {أَشَقُّ} أَشَدُّ مِنَ الْمَشَقَّةِ {مُعَقِّبَ} مُغَيِّرٌ.وَقَالَ مُجَاهِدٌ: {مُتَجَاوِرَاتٌ} طَيِّبُهَا، وَخَبِيثُهَا السِّبَاخُ، {صِنْوَانٌ} النَّخْلَتَانِ أَوْ أَكْثَرُ فِي أَصْلٍ وَاحِدٍ {وَغَيْرُ صِنْوَانٍ} وَحْدَهَا {بِمَاءٍ وَاحِدٍ} كَصَالِحِ بَنِي آدَمَ وَخَبِيثِهِمْ أَبُوهُمْ وَاحِدٌ السَّحَابُ الثِّقَالُ الَّذِي فِيهِ الْمَاءُ {كَبَاسِطِ كَفَّيْهِ} يَدْعُو الْمَاءَ بِلِسَانِهِ وَيُشِيرُ إِلَيْهِ فَلاَ يَأْتِيهِ أَبَدًا {سَالَتْ أَوْدِيَةٌ بِقَدَرِهَا} تَمْلأُ بَطْنَ وَادٍ {زَبَدًا رَابِيًا} زَبَدُ السَّيْلِ خَبَثُ الْحَدِيدِ وَالْحِلْيَةِ.