65. Prophetic Commentary on the Quran

٦٥۔ كتاب التفسير

65.74 Surat al-Muddathir (The One Covered up) (contd …)

٦٥۔٧٤ سورة الْمُدَّثِّرِ

[Machine] Ibn Abbas said: "Difficulties are severe. People's voices are harsh and loud." And Abu Huraira said: "The lion and every fierce animal are harsh, intense, and terrifyingly threatening."

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: {عَسِيرٌ} شَدِيدٌ.{قَسْوَرَةٍ} رِكْزُ النَّاسِ وَأَصْوَاتُهُمْ.وَقَالَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ الأَسَدُ وَكُلُّ شَدِيدٍ قَسْوَرَةٌ، {مُسْتَنْفِرَةٌ} نَافِرَةٌ مَذْعُورَةٌ.

65.74.1 Section

٦٥۔٧٤۔١ باب

Alternative narrative regarding the first Divine revelation received by the Prophet ﷺ that it was the first fews āyāt of Sūrat al-Muddaththir

bukhari:4922Yaḥyá > Wakīʿ > ʿAlī b. al-Mubārak > Yaḥyá b. Abū Kathīr

I asked Aba Salama bin ʿAbdur-Rahman about the first Sura revealed of the Qur'an. He replied "O you, wrapped-up (i.e. Al Muddaththir)." I said, "They say it was, 'Read, in the Name of your Lord Who created,' (i.e. Surat Al-ʿAlaq (the Clot)." On that, Abu Salama said, "I asked Jabir bin ʿAbdullah about that, saying the same as you have said, whereupon he said, 'I will not tell you except what Messenger of Allah ﷺ had told us. Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "I was in seclusion in the cave of Hira', and after I completed the limited period of my seclusion. I came down (from the cave) and heard a voice calling me. I looked to my right, but saw nothing. Then I looked up and saw something. So I went to Khadija (the Prophet's wife) and told her to wrap me up and pour cold water on me. So they wrapped me up and poured cold water on me." Then, 'O you, (Muhammad) wrapped up! Arise and warn,' (Surat Al Muddaththir) was revealed." (74.1)  

البخاري:٤٩٢٢حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا سَلَمَةَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ أَوَّلِ مَا نَزَلَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ قَالَ {يَا أَيُّهَا الْمُدَّثِّرُ} قُلْتُ يَقُولُونَ {اقْرَأْ بِاسْمِ رَبِّكَ الَّذِي خَلَقَ} فَقَالَ أَبُو سَلَمَةَ سَأَلْتُ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ؓ عَنْ ذَلِكَ وَقُلْتُ لَهُ مِثْلَ الَّذِي قُلْتَ فَقَالَ جَابِرٌ لاَ أُحَدِّثُكَ إِلاَّ مَا حَدَّثَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ جَاوَرْتُ بِحِرَاءٍ فَلَمَّا قَضَيْتُ جِوَارِي هَبَطْتُ فَنُودِيتُ فَنَظَرْتُ عَنْ يَمِينِي فَلَمْ أَرَ شَيْئًا وَنَظَرْتُ عَنْ شِمَالِي فَلَمْ أَرَ شَيْئًا وَنَظَرْتُ أَمَامِي فَلَمْ أَرَ شَيْئًا وَنَظَرْتُ خَلْفِي فَلَمْ أَرَ شَيْئًا فَرَفَعْتُ رَأْسِي فَرَأَيْتُ شَيْئًا فَأَتَيْتُ خَدِيجَةَ فَقُلْتُ دَثِّرُونِي وَصُبُّوا عَلَىَّ مَاءً بَارِدًا قَالَ فَدَثَّرُونِي وَصَبُّوا عَلَىَّ مَاءً بَارِدًا قَالَ فَنَزَلَتْ {يَا أَيُّهَا الْمُدَّثِّرُ * قُمْ فَأَنْذِرْ * وَرَبَّكَ فَكَبِّرْ}  

65.74.2 The Statement of Allah the Exalted: "Arise and warn." (V.74:3)

٦٥۔٧٤۔٢ باب قَوْلُهُ {قُمْ فَأَنْذِرْ}

bukhari:4923Muḥammad b. Bashhār > ʿAbd al-Raḥman b. Mahdī And Ghayruh > Ḥarb b. Shaddād > Yaḥyá b. Abū Kathīr > Abū Salamah > Jābir b. ʿAbdullāh

The Prophet ﷺ said, "I was in a seclusion in the cave of Hira........."(similar to the narration related by ʿAli bin Al-Mubarak, 444 above).  

البخاري:٤٩٢٣حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ وَغَيْرُهُ قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا حَرْبُ بْنُ شَدَّادٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ؓ

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ جَاوَرْتُ بِحِرَاءٍ مِثْلَ حَدِيثِ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عُمَرَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ  

65.74.3 The Statement of Allah the Most High: "And magnify your Lord (Allah)!" (V.74:3)

٦٥۔٧٤۔٣ باب قَوْلِهِ {وَرَبَّكَ فَكَبِّرْ}

bukhari:4924Isḥāq b. Manṣūr > ʿAbd al-Ṣamad > Ḥarb > Yaḥyá > Saʾalt Abū Salamah a al-Qurān Unzil Awwal > Yā Ayyuhā al-Muddathhir > Unbiʾt > Āqraʾ Biāsm Rabbik al--Adhī Khalaq > Abū Salamah Saʾalt Jābir b. ʿAbdullāh a al-Qurān Unzil Awwal > Yā Ayyuhā al-Muddathhir > Unbiʾt > Āqraʾ Biāsm Rabbik > Lā Ukhbiruk Ilā Bimā

I asked Aba Salama, "Which Sura of the Qur'an was revealed first?" He replied, "O you, wrapped-up' (Al-Muddaththir)." I said, "I have been informed that it was, 'Read, in the Name of your Lord who created (i.e. Surat Al-Alaq)...similar to the narration related by ʿAli bin Al-Mubarak, 444 above).  

البخاري:٤٩٢٤حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الصَّمَدِ حَدَّثَنَا حَرْبٌ حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى قَالَ

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا سَلَمَةَ أَىُّ الْقُرْآنِ أُنْزِلَ أَوَّلُ فَقَالَ {يَا أَيُّهَا الْمُدَّثِّرُ} فَقُلْتُ أُنْبِئْتُ أَنَّهُ {اقْرَأْ بِاسْمِ رَبِّكَ الَّذِي خَلَقَ} فَقَالَ أَبُو سَلَمَةَ سَأَلْتُ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ أَىُّ الْقُرْآنِ أُنْزِلَ أَوَّلُ فَقَالَ {يَا أَيُّهَا الْمُدَّثِّرُ} فَقُلْتُ أُنْبِئْتُ أَنَّهُ {اقْرَأْ بِاسْمِ رَبِّكَ} فَقَالَ لاَ أُخْبِرُكَ إِلاَّ بِمَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ جَاوَرْتُ فِي حِرَاءٍ فَلَمَّا قَضَيْتُ جِوَارِي هَبَطْتُ فَاسْتَبْطَنْتُ الْوَادِيَ فَنُودِيتُ فَنَظَرْتُ أَمَامِي وَخَلْفِي وَعَنْ يَمِينِي وَعَنْ شِمَالِي فَإِذَا هُوَ جَالِسٌ عَلَى عَرْشٍ بَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ وَالأَرْضِ فَأَتَيْتُ خَدِيجَةَ فَقُلْتُ دَثِّرُونِي وَصُبُّوا عَلَىَّ مَاءً بَارِدًا وَأُنْزِلَ عَلَىَّ {يَا أَيُّهَا الْمُدَّثِّرُ * قُمْ فَأَنْذِرْ * وَرَبَّكَ فَكَبِّرْ}  

65.74.4 "And purify your garments!" (V.74:4)

٦٥۔٧٤۔٤ باب قَوْلِهِ {وَثِيَابَكَ فَطَهِّرْ}

bukhari:4925Yaḥyá b. Bukayr > al-Layth > ʿUqayl > Ibn Shihāb > ʿAbdullāh b. Muḥammad > ʿAbd al-Razzāq > Maʿmar > al-Zuhrī Faʾakhbaranī Abū Salamah b. ʿAbd al-Raḥman > Jābir b. ʿAbdullāh

I heard the Prophet ﷺ describing the period of pause of the Divine Inspiration. He said in his talk, "While I was walking, I heard voices from the sky. I looked up, and behold ! I saw the same Angel who came to me in the cave of Hira' sitting on a chair between the sky and the earth. I was too much afraid of him (so I returned to my house) and said, 'Fold me up in garments!' They wrapped me up. Then Allah revealed: 'O you wrapped...and desert the idols before the prayer became compulsory.' Rujz means idols.  

البخاري:٤٩٢٥حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ عَنْ عُقَيْلٍ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ وَحَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ أَخْبَرَنَا مَعْمَرٌ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ فَأَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو سَلَمَةَ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ؓ قَالَ

سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَهْوَ يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ فَتْرَةِ الْوَحْىِ فَقَالَ فِي حَدِيثِهِ فَبَيْنَا أَنَا أَمْشِي إِذْ سَمِعْتُ صَوْتًا مِنَ السَّمَاءِ فَرَفَعْتُ رَأْسِي فَإِذَا الْمَلَكُ الَّذِي جَاءَنِي بِحِرَاءٍ جَالِسٌ عَلَى كُرْسِيٍّ بَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ وَالأَرْضِ فَجَئِثْتُ مِنْهُ رُعْبًا فَرَجَعْتُ فَقُلْتُ زَمِّلُونِي زَمِّلُونِي فَدَثَّرُونِي فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى {يَا أَيُّهَا الْمُدَّثِّرُ} إِلَى {وَالرِّجْزَ فَاهْجُرْ} قَبْلَ أَنْ تُفْرَضَ الصَّلاَةُ وَهْىَ الأَوْثَانُ  

65.74.5 "And keep away from Ar-Rujz (the idols)" (V.74:5)

٦٥۔٧٤۔٥ باب قَوْلِهِ {وَالرِّجْزَ فَاهْجُرْ}

[Machine] It is said that disgust and filth are punishment.

يُقَالُ الرِّجْزُ وَالرِّجْسُ الْعَذَابُ.

bukhari:4926ʿAbdullāh b. Yūsuf > al-Layth > ʿUqayl > Ibn Shihāb > Abū Salamah > Jābir b. ʿAbdullāh

That he heard Messenger of Allah ﷺ describing the period of pause of the Divine Inspiration, and in his description he said, "While I was walking I heard a voice from the sky. I looked up towards the sky, and behold! I saw the same Angel who came to me in the Cave of Hira', sitting on a chair between the sky and the earth. I was so terrified by him that I fell down on the ground. Then I went to my wife and said, 'Wrap me in garments! Wrap me in garments!' They wrapped me, and then Allah revealed: "O you, (Muhammad) wrapped-up! Arise and warn...and desert the idols." (74.1-5) Abu Salama said....Rujz means idols." After that, the Divine Inspiration started coming more frequently and regularly.  

البخاري:٤٩٢٦حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ عَنْ عُقَيْلٍ قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا سَلَمَةَ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي جَابِرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ

أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ فَتْرَةِ الْوَحْىِ فَبَيْنَا أَنَا أَمْشِي سَمِعْتُ صَوْتًا مِنَ السَّمَاءِ فَرَفَعْتُ بَصَرِي قِبَلَ السَّمَاءِ فَإِذَا الْمَلَكُ الَّذِي جَاءَنِي بِحِرَاءٍ قَاعِدٌ عَلَى كُرْسِيٍّ بَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ وَالأَرْضِ فَجَئِثْتُ مِنْهُ حَتَّى هَوَيْتُ إِلَى الأَرْضِ فَجِئْتُ أَهْلِي فَقُلْتُ زَمِّلُونِي زَمِّلُونِي فَزَمَّلُونِي فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى {يَا أَيُّهَا الْمُدَّثِّرُ} إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {فَاهْجُرْ} قَالَ أَبُو سَلَمَةَ وَالرِّجْزَ الأَوْثَانَ ثُمَّ حَمِيَ الْوَحْىُ وَتَتَابَعَ