65. Prophetic Commentary on the Quran

٦٥۔ كتاب التفسير

65.20 Surat Ta Ha (Ta-Ha) (contd …)

٦٥۔٢٠ سورة طه

[Machine] Ibn Jubayr said: "In Nabatiyya (the original language of the Arabian Peninsula), O man. It is said that everything that does not utter a letter or contains a stammer or hesitation is a knot. My back hurts you. It will destroy you. Al-Muthla is the feminine form of Al-Amthal, meaning it is said to imitate your religion. It is said: Take the Muthla, take the Amthal. Then come together in rows. It is said: Did you come to the row today, meaning the place of prayer that you perform in it. Fa-Lawja (And she was worried) means to hold fear, so the Waw (و) went from fear to the Kasrah (ي). Fi Juz'u (In logs) means on logs. Khutbuka (Your addresses) in weeping. Misas (Touching) is the derived noun of Massah (touch) in touching. Lannansifannah (We will make them), we will dispel them. Qa'an (A lowland) is one that is raised by water and flat with the ground. Mujahid said: "From the adornment of the people" is the jewelry they borrowed from the family of Pharaoh. So I threw it and I cast it. Alqiya (He cast) is creating. Fanasia (Moses forgot), they say that the Lord made a mistake. La yarji'u ilayhim qawlan (It will not return to them a word) refers to the calf. Hamsan (Whispering) is the feeling of footsteps. Hashartani a'ma (You made me blind) regarding my argument, and I was seeing in the world. Ibn 'Uyaynah said: "The best of them" is the most just of them. Ibn Abbas said: "Hadmah" (digestion) is not unjust to be digested from his good deeds, "Awjana" (twist) is a valley. "Ummatan" (a people) is well-established. "Sirataha" (Its conduct) is its early state. "Al-Nuha" (the prohibited) is piety. "Dankan" (distress) is misery. "Hawa" (inclined) is miserable. "Al-Muqaddas" (Sanctified) is blessed. "Tuwa" (Towa mountain) is the name of the valley. "Bi malikina" (By our order) is a place other than them. "Makanan siwan" (a unified place) is impartial between them. "Yabasan" (Dry) is dry. "Ala qadirin" (According to a set time) is a set appointment. "La tania" (They will not weaken) means they will not decrease. "Yafruta" means punishment.

قَالَ ابْنُ جُبَيْرٍ: بِالنَّبَطِيَّةِ {طه} يَا رَجُلُ. يُقَالُ كُلُّ مَا لَمْ يَنْطِقْ بِحَرْفٍ أَوْ فِيهِ تَمْتَمَةٌ أَوْ فَأْفَأَةٌ، فَهْيَ عُقْدَةٌ.{أَزْرِي} ظَهْرِي.{فَيَسْحَتَكُمْ} يُهْلِكَكُمْ.{الْمُثْلَى} تَأْنِيثُ الأَمْثَلِ، يَقُولُ بِدِينِكُمْ يُقَالُ خُذِ الْمُثْلَى خُذِ الأَمْثَلَ.{ثُمَّ ائْتُوا صَفًّا} يُقَالُ هَلْ أَتَيْتَ الصَّفَّ الْيَوْمَ يَعْنِي الْمُصَلَّى الَّذِي يُصَلَّى فِيهِ {فَأَوْجَسَ} أَضْمَرَ خَوْفًا فَذَهَبَتِ الْوَاوُ مِنْ خِيفَةً لِكَسْرَةِ الْخَاءِ.{فِي جُذُوعِ} أَيْ عَلَى جُذُوعِ.{خَطْبُكَ} بَالُكَ.{مِسَاسَ} مَصْدَرُ مَاسَّهُ مِسَاسًا.{لَنَنْسِفَنَّهُ} لَنَذْرِيَنَّهُ.{قَاعًا} يَعْلُوهُ الْمَاءُ وَالصَّفْصَفُ الْمُسْتَوِي مِنَ الأَرْضِ.وَقَالَ مُجَاهِدٌ: {مِنْ زِينَةِ الْقَوْمِ} الْحُلِيُّ الَّذِي اسْتَعَارُوا مِنْ آلِ فِرْعَوْنَ. فَقَذَفْتُهَا فَأَلْقَيْتُهَا، {أَلْقَى} صَنَعَ.{فَنَسِيَ} مُوسَى، هُمْ يَقُولُونَهُ أَخْطَأَ الرَّبَّ.{لاَ يَرْجِعُ إِلَيْهِمْ قَوْلاً} الْعِجْلُ.{هَمْسًا} حِسُّ الأَقْدَامِ.{حَشَرْتَنِي أَعْمَى} عَنْ حُجَّتِي {وَقَدْ كُنْتُ بَصِيرًا} فِي الدُّنْيَا.وَقَالَ ابْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ: {أَمْثَلُهُمْ} أَعْدَلُهُمْ.وَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: {هَضْمًا} لاَ يُظْلَمُ فَيُهْضَمُ مِنْ حَسَنَاتِهِ {عِوَجًا} وَادِيًا.{أَمْتًا} رَابِيَةً {سِيرَتَهَا} حَالَتَهَا الأُولَى {النُّهَى} التُّقَى {ضَنْكًا} الشَّقَاءُ {هَوَى} شَقِيَ {الْمُقَدَّسِ} الْمُبَارَكِ {طُوًى} اسْمُ الْوَادِي {بِمَلْكِنَا} بِأَمْرِنَا {مَكَانًا سِوًى} مَنْصَفٌ بَيْنَهُمْ.{يَبَسًا} يَابِسًا {عَلَى قَدَرٍ} مَوْعِدٍ {لاَ تَنِيَا} تَضْعُفَا. يَفْرُطَ: عقوبة.

65.20.1 The Statement of Allāh the Exalted: "And I have chosen you for Myself." (V.20:41) (i.e., for My Revelation and My Message, or created you for Myself or strengthened and taught you as to how to preach My Message to My worshippers)] ."

٦٥۔٢٠۔١ باب قَوْلِهِ {وَاصْطَنَعْتُكَ لِنَفْسِي}

bukhari:4736al-Ṣalt b. Muḥammad > Mahdī b. Maymūn > Muḥammad b. Sīrīn > Abū Hurayrah

Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Adam and Moses met, and Moses said to Adam "You are the one who made people miserable and turned them out of Paradise." Adam said to him, "You are the one whom Allah selected for His message and whom He selected for Himself and upon whom He revealed the Torah." Moses said, 'Yes.' Adam said, "Did you find that written in my fate before my creation?' Moses said, 'Yes.' So Adam overcame Moses with this argument."  

البخاري:٤٧٣٦حَدَّثَنَا الصَّلْتُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ حَدَّثَنَا مَهْدِيُّ بْنُ مَيْمُونٍ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سِيرِينَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ

عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ الْتَقَى آدَمُ وَمُوسَى فَقَالَ مُوسَى لآدَمَ أَنْتَ الَّذِي أَشْقَيْتَ النَّاسَ وَأَخْرَجْتَهُمْ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ قَالَ لَهُ آدَمُ أَنْتَ الَّذِي اصْطَفَاكَ اللَّهُ بِرِسَالَتِهِ وَاصْطَفَاكَ لِنَفْسِهِ وَأَنْزَلَ عَلَيْكَ التَّوْرَاةَ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَوَجَدْتَهَا كُتِبَ عَلَىَّ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَخْلُقَنِي قَالَ نَعَمْ فَحَجَّ آدَمُ مُوسَى الْيَمُّ الْبَحْرُ  

65.20.2 "And indeed We revealed to Musa (Moses) (saying): 'Travel by night with 'Ibâdi (My slaves) and strike a dry path for them in the sea, fearing neither to be overtaken [by Fir'aūn (Pharaoh)], nor being afraid (of drowning in the sea).' Then Fir'aūn (Pharaoh) pursued them with his hosts, but the sea-water completely overwhelmed them and covered them up. And Fir'aun (Pharaoh) led his people astray, and he did not guide them." (V.20:77-79)

٦٥۔٢٠۔٢ باب قَوْلِهِ {وَلَقَدْ أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَى مُوسَى أَنْ أَسْرِ بِعِبَادِي فَاضْرِبْ لَهُمْ طَرِيقًا فِي الْبَحْرِ يَبَسًا لاَ تَخَافُ دَرَكًا وَلاَ تَخْشَى * فَأَتْبَعَهُمْ فِرْعَوْنُ بِجُنُودِهِ فَغَشِيَهُمْ مِنَ الْيَمِّ مَا غَشِيَهُمْ * وَأَضَلَّ فِرْعَوْنُ قَوْمَهُ وَمَا هَدَى}

bukhari:4737Yaʿqūb b. Ibrāhīm > Rawḥ > Shuʿbah > Abū Bishr > Saʿīd b. Jubayr > Ibn ʿAbbās

When Messenger of Allah ﷺ arrived at Medina, he found the Jews observing the fast on the day of 'Ashura' (10th of Muharram). The Prophet ﷺ asked them (about it) and they replied, "This is the day when Moses became victorious over Pharaoh." The Prophet ﷺ said (to the Muslims), "We are nearer to Moses than they, so fast on this day."  

البخاري:٤٧٣٧حَدَّثَنِي يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ حَدَّثَنَا رَوْحٌ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بِشْرٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ؓ قَالَ

لَمَّا قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ وَالْيَهُودُ تَصُومُ عَاشُورَاءَ فَسَأَلَهُمْ فَقَالُوا هَذَا الْيَوْمُ الَّذِي ظَهَرَ فِيهِ مُوسَى عَلَى فِرْعَوْنَ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ نَحْنُ أَوْلَى بِمُوسَى مِنْهُمْ فَصُومُوهُ  

65.20.3 The Statement of Allah the Exalted: "...So let him not get you both out of Paradise, so that you be distressed." (V.20:117)

٦٥۔٢٠۔٣ باب قَوْلِهِ {فَلاَ يُخْرِجَنَّكُمَا مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ فَتَشْقَى}

bukhari:4738Qutaybah > Ayyūb b. al-Najjār > Yaḥyá b. Abū Kathīr > Abū Salamah b. ʿAbd al-Raḥman > Abū Hurayrah

The Prophet ﷺ said, "Moses argued with Adam and said to him (Adam), 'You are the one who got the people out of Paradise by your sin, and thus made them miserable." Adam replied, 'O Moses! You are the one whom Allah selected for His Message and for His direct talk. Yet you blame me for a thing which Allah had ordained for me before He created me?." Messenger of Allah ﷺ further said, "So Adam overcame Moses by this Argument."  

البخاري:٤٧٣٨حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ حَدَّثَنَا أَيُّوبُ بْنُ النَّجَّارِ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ؓ

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ حَاجَّ مُوسَى آدَمَ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَنْتَ الَّذِي أَخْرَجْتَ النَّاسَ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ بِذَنْبِكَ وَأَشْقَيْتَهُمْ قَالَ قَالَ آدَمُ يَا مُوسَى أَنْتَ الَّذِي اصْطَفَاكَ اللَّهُ بِرِسَالَتِهِ وَبِكَلاَمِهِ أَتَلُومُنِي عَلَى أَمْرٍ كَتَبَهُ اللَّهُ عَلَىَّ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَخْلُقَنِي أَوْ قَدَّرَهُ عَلَىَّ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَخْلُقَنِي قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَحَجَّ آدَمُ مُوسَى