65.41 Surat Fussilat (Verses Perfectly Explained) (contd …)
٦٥۔٤١ سورة حم السَّجْدَةِ
[Machine] "Tawus narrated from Ibn Abbas that they said, 'We have come willingly.' They replied, 'We have come obediently.' Al-Minhāl narrated from Sa'id who said, 'A man said to Ibn Abbas, "I find in the Quran things that contradict each other." Ibn Abbas said, "There will be no lineage among them on that Day, nor will they ask each other questions. And some of them will come to others, inquiring of each other. And they will not conceal from Allah [their deeds of] speech. Our Lord, We were not worshippers of anything." They indeed concealed the meaning of this verse. And then He said, "Or is the heaven We constructed it?" until [His saying], "settle it down." So He mentioned the creation of the heavens before the creation of the Earth. And He said, "Are you indeed disbelievers in the One who created the Earth in two days?" until [His saying], "obedient." So He mentioned the creation of the Earth before the heavens. And He said, "And Allah is Forgiving and Merciful." [He is] Exalted in Might and Wise. All-Knower, All-Seer. It is as if it was then followed by, "And there will be no lineage among them" regarding the first blowing of the Trumpet, then they will be blown with it, and everyone in the heavens and the Earth will collapse except whom Allah wills. And then there will be no lineage among them at that time, nor will they ask each other questions. Then in the second blowing of the Trumpet, some of them will come to others, asking questions. And as for His saying, "We were not worshippers of anything" - indeed, Allah forgives the people of sincerity their sins and the polytheists say, "Come, let us invoke our gods." And then their mouths will be sealed and their hands will speak. At that time, it will be known that Allah does not conceal any information, and with Him is [the knowledge of] the occurrence of the disbelievers. And He created the Earth in two days, then He established Himself above the heaven and made it seven heavens, as He says, "And we have made the heavens." Then He established them in two other days, then He spread out the Earth. And its spreading out [refers to] bringing forth water and pasturage from it, and He created the mountains and distributed it on them. And the various species and whatever is between them in two other days. So this is the meaning of His saying, "Spreading it forth." And His saying, "And created the Earth in two days" means that the Earth and everything in it were created in four days. And the heavens were created in two days. And then He settled it above the heaven, and He swathed it in two other days. Then He spread out the Earth, and its spreading out is that He extracted water and pasture from it, and He created the mountains and the camels, and everything that is between them in two other days. So this is the meaning of His saying, "And created the Earth." All of this was made in four days. And His saying, "And Allah is Forgiving," He attributed that to Himself, and His saying, "Mighty and Wise" - meaning, that is how He has always been. Indeed, Allah does not intend any harm except that it occurs as He intends. So the Quran does not contradict or differ from you, for indeed, all of it is from Allah.' Abu Abdullah said, 'Yusuf bin Adi narrated to us, Ubaidullah bin Amr narrated to us, from Zaid bin Abi Unaysah, from Al-Minhāl with this (report). And Mujahid said, "The Mu’min is the one who is reckoned mindful, and its earnings are its provisions in every heaven, its predatory things, and whatever of the provision enters it. They will be distributed to them.” It descends upon them at their death. Thistles stir with and mount up when it sprouts. And others said, "From under its skirts" when it emerges. "Indeed, we will say, 'This is for me,' meaning, ‘I achieved it through my own effort.'" It is the same, whether one is asking or giving. So His saying, "And We have guided them,” means, "We have shown them the way to good and evil." This is like His saying, "And We showed him the two ways," and His saying, "And We showed him the way," and guidance, which is leading to one’s purpose, is like being led away from a lower
>وَقَالَ طَاوُسٌ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: {ائْتِيَا طَوْعًا} أَعْطِيَا.{قَالَتَا أَتَيْنَا طَائِعِينَ} أَعْطَيْنَا.وَقَالَ الْمِنْهَالُ عَنْ سَعِيدٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَجُلٌ لاِبْنِ عَبَّاسٍ إِنِّي أَجِدُ فِي الْقُرْآنِ أَشْيَاءَ تَخْتَلِفُ عَلَيَّ قَالَ: {فَلاَ أَنْسَابَ بَيْنَهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ وَلاَ يَتَسَاءَلُونَ}.{وَأَقْبَلَ بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ يَتَسَاءَلُونَ}.{وَلاَ يَكْتُمُونَ اللَّهَ حَدِيثًا}.{رَبِّنَا مَا كُنَّا مُشْرِكِينَ} فَقَدْ كَتَمُوا فِي هَذِهِ الآيَةِ، وَقَالَ: {أَمِ السَّمَاءُ بَنَاهَا} إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: {دَحَاهَا} فَذَكَرَ خَلْقَ السَّمَاءِ قَبْلَ خَلْقِ الأَرْضِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: {أَئِنَّكُمْ لَتَكْفُرُونَ بِالَّذِي خَلَقَ الأَرْضَ فِي يَوْمَيْنِ} إِلَى: {طَائِعِينَ} فَذَكَرَ فِي هَذِهِ خَلْقَ الأَرْضِ قَبْلَ السَّمَاءِ، وَقَالَ: {وَكَانَ اللَّهُ غَفُورًا رَحِيمًا} عَزِيزًا حَكِيمًا سَمِيعًا بَصِيرًا، فَكَأَنَّهُ كَانَ ثُمَّ مَضَى. فَقَالَ: {فَلاَ أَنْسَابَ بَيْنَهُمْ} فِي النَّفْخَةِ الأُولَى ثُمَّ يُنْفَخُ فِي الصُّورِ، فَصَعِقَ مَنْ فِي السَّمَوَاتِ وَمَنْ فِي الأَرْضِ إِلاَّ مَنْ شَاءَ، فَلاَ أَنْسَابَ بَيْنَهُمْ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ وَلاَ يَتَسَاءَلُونَ، ثُمَّ فِي النَّفْخَةِ الآخِرَةِ أَقْبَلَ بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ يَتَسَاءَلُونَ، وَأَمَّا قَوْلُهُ: {مَا كُنَّا مُشْرِكِينَ}.{وَلاَ يَكْتُمُونَ اللَّهَ} فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ يَغْفِرُ لأَهْلِ الإِخْلاَصِ ذُنُوبَهُمْ وَقَالَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ تَعَالَوْا نَقُولُ لَمْ نَكُنْ مُشْرِكِينَ. فَخَتَمَ عَلَى أَفْوَاهِهِمْ فَتَنْطِقُ أَيْدِيهِمْ، فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ عُرِفَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ لاَ يُكْتَمُ حَدِيثًا وَعِنْدَهُ {يَوَدُّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا} الآيَةَ، وَخَلَقَ الأَرْضَ فِي يَوْمَيْنِ، ثُمَّ خَلَقَ السَّمَاءَ، ثُمَّ اسْتَوَى إِلَى السَّمَاءِ، فَسَوَّاهُنَّ فِي يَوْمَيْنِ آخَرَيْنِ ثُمَّ دَحَا الأَرْضَ، وَدَحْوُهَا أَنْ أَخْرَجَ مِنْهَا الْمَاءَ وَالْمَرْعَى، وَخَلَقَ الْجِبَالَ وَالْجِمَالَ وَالآكَامَ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا فِي يَوْمَيْنِ آخَرَيْنِ، فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ: {دَحَاهَا}، وَقَوْلُهُ: {خَلَقَ الأَرْضَ فِي يَوْمَيْنِ} فَجُعِلَتِ الأَرْضُ وَمَا فِيهَا مِنْ شَيْءٍ فِي أَرْبَعَةِ أَيَّامٍ وَخُلِقَتِ السَّمَوَاتُ فِي يَوْمَيْنِ.{وَكَانَ اللَّهُ غَفُورًا} سَمَّى نَفْسَهُ ذَلِكَ وَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ، أَيْ لَمْ يَزَلْ كَذَلِكَ، فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَمْ يُرِدْ شَيْئًا إِلاَّ أَصَابَ بِهِ الَّذِي أَرَادَ، فَلاَ يَخْتَلِفْ عَلَيْكَ الْقُرْآنُ، فَإِنَّ كُلاًّ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ. قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ حَدَّثَنِي يُوسُفُ بْنُ عَدِيٍّ حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَمْرٍو عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَبِي أُنَيْسَةَ عَنِ الْمِنْهَالِ بِهَذَا. وَقَالَ مُجَاهِدٌ: {مَمْنُونٍ} مَحْسُوبٍ.{أَقْوَاتَهَا} أَرْزَاقَهَا.{فِي كُلِّ سَمَاءٍ أَمْرَهَا} مِمَّا أَمَرَ بِهِ.{نَحِسَاتٍ} مَشَائِيمَ {وَقَيَّضْنَا لَهُمْ قُرَنَاءَ} قَرَنَّاهُمْ بِهِمْ.{تَتَنَزَّلُ عَلَيْهِمُ الْمَلاَئِكَةُ} عِنْدَ الْمَوْتِ.{اهْتَزَّتْ} بِالنَّبَاتِ.{وَرَبَتْ} ارْتَفَعَتْ.وَقَالَ غَيْرُهُ: {مِنْ أَكْمَامِهَا} حِينَ تَطْلُعُ.{لَيَقُولَنَّ هَذَا لِي} أَيْ بِعَمَلِي أَنَا مَحْقُوقٌ بِهَذَا.{سَوَاءً لِلسَّائِلِينَ} قَدَّرَهَا سَوَاءً.{فَهَدَيْنَاهُمْ} دَلَلْنَاهُمْ عَلَى الْخَيْرِ وَالشَّرِّ كَقَوْلِهِ: {وَهَدَيْنَاهُ النَّجْدَيْنِ} وَكَقَوْلِهِ: {هَدَيْنَاهُ السَّبِيلَ} وَالْهُدَى الَّذِي هُوَ الإِرْشَادُ بِمَنْزِلَةِ أَصْعَدْنَاهُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ: {أُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ هَدَى اللَّهُ فَبِهُدَاهُمُ اقْتَدِهْ}.{يُوزَعُونَ} يُكَفَّوْنَ.{مِنْ أَكْمَامِهَا} قِشْرُ الْكُفُرَّى هِيَ الْكُمُّ.{وَلِيٌّ حَمِيمٌ} الْقَرِيبُ.{مِنْ مَحِيصٍ} حَاصَ حَادَ.{مِرْيَةٍ} وَمُرْيَةٍ وَاحِدٌ أَيِ امْتِرَاءٌ، وَقَالَ مُجَاهِدٌ: {اعْمَلُوا مَا شِئْتُمْ} الْوَعِيدُ.وَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: {الَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ} الصَّبْرُ عِنْدَ الْغَضَبِ وَالْعَفْوُ عِنْدَ الإِسَاءَةِ فَإِذَا فَعَلُوهُ عَصَمَهُمُ اللَّهُ، وَخَضَعَ لَهُمْ عَدُوُّهُمْ كَأَنَّهُ وَلِيٌّ حَمِيمٌ.