65. Prophetic Commentary on the Quran

٦٥۔ كتاب التفسير

65.6 Surat al-An’am (Cattle) (contd …)

٦٥۔٦ سورة الأَنْعَامِ

[Machine] Ibn Abbas said: "Their trial is their excuse. Ma'arushat, which means what is protected, does not refer to generosity and similar actions. Hamoolah refers to what is carried upon. And we have donned similar clothing, imitating those who are distant. They commit sins, exposing themselves to disgrace. They spread their hands, hitting to harm. You have multiplied and led astray. They have created for Allah a share of their fruits and wealth, and for Satan and the idols a share. Does this include anything other than males or females? So why do you prohibit some and allow others? They have spilled, disregarded. They have gone astray, turned away, and surrendered. Forever, continuously. They have enticed, misled. They doubt, suspect. And as for Qar, it is deafness, and as for Al-Wqr, it signifies pregnancy. As for myths, one of them is a legend or mythical tale. Suffering comes from distress and can lead to despair. Jahrat means observing. The plural form of Sawra is Sura, like saying Surah and Sura. Malakut means sovereignty, and Rahabut is better than Rahamut. And it is said that Rahbut is better than being merciful. Jann is the darkest. "Husban" is said about Allah, meaning His account, and "Husbanan" is said about divine matters. And they are called stoning for the devils, residing in the hardest part of the palm, and entrusted in the womb. Qanwo is the palm ficus, and two of them are called Qanwan. The group of Qanwan is also called Qanwan, like Sino and Sinwan."

قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: {فِتْنَتَهُمْ} مَعْذِرَتَهُمْ.{مَعْرُوشَاتٍ} مَا يُعْرَشُ مِنَ الْكَرْمِ وَغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ.{حَمُولَةً} مَا يُحْمَلُ عَلَيْهَا.{وَلَلَبَسْنَا} لَشَبَّهْنَا {يَنْأَوْنَ} يَتَبَاعَدُونَ. تُبْسَلُ تُفْضَحُ {أُبْسِلُوا} أُفْضِحُوا.{بَاسِطُو أَيْدِيهِمْ} الْبَسْطُ الضَّرْبُ.{اسْتَكْثَرْتُمْ} أَضْلَلْتُمْ كَثِيرًا.{ذَرَأَ مِنَ الْحَرْثِ} جَعَلُوا لِلَّهِ مِنْ ثَمَرَاتِهِمْ وَمَالِهِمْ نَصِيبًا، وَلِلشَّيْطَانِ وَالأَوْثَانِ نَصِيبًا.{أَمَّا اشْتَمَلَتْ} يَعْنِي هَلْ تَشْتَمِلُ إِلاَّ عَلَى ذَكَرٍ أَوْ أُنْثَى فَلِمَ تُحَرِّمُونَ بَعْضًا وَتُحِلُّونَ بَعْضًا.{مَسْفُوحًا} مُهْرَاقًا {صَدَفَ} أَعْرَضَ {أُبْلِسُوا} أُويِسُوا وَ{أُبْسِلُوا} أُسْلِمُوا.{سَرْمَدًا} دَائِمًا.{اسْتَهْوَتْهُ} أَضَلَّتْهُ.{يَمْتَرُونَ} يَشُكُّونَ.{وَقْرٌ} صَمَمٌ، وَأَمَّا الْوِقْرُ الْحِمْلُ.{أَسَاطِيرُ} وَاحِدُهَا أُسْطُورَةٌ وَإِسْطَارَةٌ وَهِيَ التُّرَّهَاتُ. الْبَأْسَاءُ مِنَ الْبَأْسِ وَيَكُونُ مِنَ الْبُؤْسِ.{جَهْرَةً} مُعَايَنَةً. الصُّوَرُ جَمَاعَةُ صُورَةٍ، كَقَوْلِهِ سُورَةٌ وَسُوَرٌ. مَلَكُوتٌ مُلْكٌ، مِثْلُ رَهَبُوتٍ خَيْرٌ مِنْ رَحَمُوتٍ، وَيَقُولُ تُرْهَبُ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَنْ تُرْحَمَ.{جَنَّ} أَظْلَمَ. يُقَالُ عَلَى اللَّهِ حُسْبَانُهُ أَيْ حِسَابُهُ، وَيُقَالُ حُسْبَانًا مَرَامِيَ. وَرُجُومًا لِلشَّيَاطِينِ، مُسْتَقَرٌّ فِي الصُّلْبِ وَ{مُسْتَوْدَعٌ} فِي الرَّحِمِ. الْقِنْوُ الْعِذْقُ، وَالاِثْنَانِ قِنْوَانِ، وَالْجَمَاعَةُ أَيْضًا قِنْوَانٌ، مِثْلُ صِنْوٍ وَصِنْوَانٍ

65.6.1 "And With Him are the keys of the Ghaib, (all that is hidden), none knows them but He..." (V.6:59)

٦٥۔٦۔١ باب {وَعِنْدَهُ مَفَاتِحُ الْغَيْبِ لاَ يَعْلَمُهَا إِلاَّ هُوَ}

bukhari:4627ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz b. ʿAbdullāh > Ibrāhīm b. Saʿd > Ibn Shihāb > Sālim b. ʿAbdullāh from his father

Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The key of the Unseen are five: Verily with Allah (Alone) is the knowledge of the Hour He sends down the rain and knows what is in the wombs. No soul knows what it will earn tomorrow, and no soul knows in what land it will die. Verily, Allah is All-Knower, All-Aware." (31.34)  

البخاري:٤٦٢٧حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ عَنْ سَالِمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَفَاتِحُ الْغَيْبِ خَمْسٌ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عِنْدَهُ عِلْمُ السَّاعَةِ وَيُنَزِّلُ الْغَيْثَ وَيَعْلَمُ مَا فِي الأَرْحَامِ وَمَا تَدْرِي نَفْسٌ مَاذَا تَكْسِبُ غَدًا وَمَا تَدْرِي نَفْسٌ بِأَىِّ أَرْضٍ تَمُوتُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلِيمٌ خَبِيرٌ  

65.6.2 "Say: He has power to send torment on you from above..." (V.6:65)

٦٥۔٦۔٢ باب قَوْلِهِ {قُلْ هُوَ الْقَادِرُ عَلَى أَنْ يَبْعَثَ عَلَيْكُمْ عَذَابًا مِنْ فَوْقِكُمْ} الآيَةَ

[Machine] {يَلْبِسَكُمْ} يَخْلِطَكُمْ مِنَ الاِلْتِبَاسِ means "He dresses you, confusing you with ambiguity."

{يَلْبِسُوا} يَخْلِطُوا means "They dress, confusing."

{شِيَعًا} فِرَقًا means "Different factions."

{يَلْبِسَكُمْ} يَخْلِطَكُمْ مِنَ الاِلْتِبَاسِ. {يَلْبِسُوا} يَخْلِطُوا. {شِيَعًا} فِرَقًا.

bukhari:4628Abū al-Nuʿmān > Ḥammād b. Zayd > ʿAmr b. Dīnār > Jābir > Lammā Nazalat Hadhih al-Āyah Qul > al-Qādir > Yabʿath ʿAlaykum ʿAdhāb from Fawqikum

When this Verse was revealed: "Say: He has power to send torment on you from above." (6.65) Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "O Allah! I seek refuge with Your Face (from this punishment)." And when the verse: "or send torment from below your feet," (was revealed), Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "(O Allah!) I seek refuge with Your Face (from this punishment)." (But when there was revealed): "Or confuse you in party strife and make you to taste the violence of one another." (6.65) Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "This is lighter (or, this is easier).  

البخاري:٤٦٢٨حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو النُّعْمَانِ حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ ؓ قَالَ

لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ {قُلْ هُوَ الْقَادِرُ عَلَى أَنْ يَبْعَثَ عَلَيْكُمْ عَذَابًا مِنْ فَوْقِكُمْ} قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَعُوذُ بِوَجْهِكَ قَالَ {أَوْ مِنْ تَحْتِ أَرْجُلِكُمْ} قَالَ أَعُوذُ بِوَجْهِكَ {أَوْ يَلْبِسَكُمْ شِيَعًا وَيُذِيقَ بَعْضَكُمْ بَأْسَ بَعْضٍ} قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ هَذَا أَهْوَنُ أَوْ هَذَا أَيْسَرُ  

65.6.3 "It is those who believe (in the Oneness of Allah and worship none but Him Alone) and confuse not their belief with Zuim (wrong i.e., by worshipping others besides Allah).. ." (V.6:82)

٦٥۔٦۔٣ باب {وَلَمْ يَلْبِسُوا إِيمَانَهُمْ بِظُلْمٍ}

bukhari:4629Muḥammad b. Bashhār > Ibn Abū ʿAdī > Shuʿbah > Sulaymān > Ibrāhīm > ʿAlqamah > ʿAbdullāh

When:"...and confuse not their belief with wrong." (6.82) was revealed, the Prophet's companions said, "Which of us has not done wrong?" Then there was revealed:-- "Verily joining others in worship with Allah is a tremendous wrong indeed." (31.13)  

البخاري:٤٦٢٩حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي عَدِيٍّ عَنْ شُعْبَةَ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ؓ قَالَ

لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ {وَلَمْ يَلْبِسُوا إِيمَانَهُمْ بِظُلْمٍ} قَالَ أَصْحَابُهُ وَأَيُّنَا لَمْ يَظْلِمْ فَنَزَلَتْ {إِنَّ الشِّرْكَ لَظُلْمٌ عَظِيمٌ}  

65.6.4 The Statement of Allah: "...And Yünus (Jonah) and Lut (Lot), and each one of them We preferred above Al-Alamin (mankind and jinn) (of their times)" (V.6:86)

٦٥۔٦۔٤ باب قَوْلِهِ {وَيُونُسَ وَلُوطًا وَكُلاًّ فَضَّلْنَا عَلَى الْعَالَمِينَ}

bukhari:4630Muḥammad b. Bashhār > Ibn Mahdī > Shuʿbah > Qatādah > Abū al-ʿĀliyah > Ibn ʿAm Nabiyyikum / Ibn ʿAbbās

The Prophet ﷺ said, "Nobody has the rights to say that I am better than Jonah bin Matta."  

البخاري:٤٦٣٠حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ عَنْ أَبِي الْعَالِيَةِ قَالَ

حَدَّثَنِي ابْنُ عَمِّ نَبِيِّكُمْ يَعْنِي ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ ؓ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ مَا يَنْبَغِي لِعَبْدٍ أَنْ يَقُولَ أَنَا خَيْرٌ مِنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ مَتَّى  

bukhari:4631Ādam b. Abū Iyās > Shuʿbah > Saʿd b. Ibrāhīm > Ḥumayd b. ʿAbd al-Raḥman b. ʿAwf > Abū Hurayrah

The Prophet ﷺ said, "Nobody has the right to say that I am better than Jonah bin Matta."  

البخاري:٤٦٣١حَدَّثَنَا آدَمُ بْنُ أَبِي إِيَاسٍ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ أَخْبَرَنَا سَعْدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ حُمَيْدَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ؓ

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ مَا يَنْبَغِي لِعَبْدٍ أَنْ يَقُولَ أَنَا خَيْرٌ مِنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ مَتَّى  

65.6.5 The Statement of Allah: "They are those whom Allah had guided. So, follow their guidance..." (V.6:90)

٦٥۔٦۔٥ باب قَوْلِهِ {أُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ هَدَى اللَّهُ فَبِهُدَاهُمُ اقْتَدِهْ}

bukhari:4632Ibrāhīm b. Mūsá > Hishām > Ibn Jurayj > Sulaymān al-Aḥwal > Mujāhid

That he asked Ibn ʿAbbas, "Is there a prostration Surat-al-Saʿd?" (38.24) Ibn ʿAbbas said, "Yes," and then recited: "We gave...So follow their guidance." (6.85,90) Then he said, "He (David ) is one them (i.e. those prophets)." Mujahid narrated: I asked Ibn ʿAbbas (regarding the above Verse). He said, "Your Prophet (Muhammad) was one of those who were ordered to follow them."  

البخاري:٤٦٣٢حَدَّثَنِي إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُوسَى أَخْبَرَنَا هِشَامٌ أَنَّ ابْنَ جُرَيْجٍ أَخْبَرَهُمْ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي سُلَيْمَانُ الأَحْوَلُ أَنَّ مُجَاهِدًا أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ أَفِي ص سَجْدَةٌ فَقَالَ

نَعَمْ ثُمَّ تَلاَ {وَوَهَبْنَا} إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {فَبِهُدَاهُمُ اقْتَدِهْ} ثُمَّ قَالَ هُوَ مِنْهُمْ زَادَ يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ وَسَهْلُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ عَنِ الْعَوَّامِ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ قُلْتُ لاِبْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فَقَالَ نَبِيُّكُمْ ﷺ مِمَّنْ أُمِرَ أَنْ يَقْتَدِيَ بِهِمْ  

65.6.6 Allah's Statement: "And unto those who are Jews, We forbade every (animal) with undivided hoof..." (V.6:146)

٦٥۔٦۔٦ باب قَوْلِهِ {وَعَلَى الَّذِينَ هَادُوا حَرَّمْنَا كُلَّ ذِي ظُفُرٍ وَمِنَ الْبَقَرِ وَالْغَنَمِ حَرَّمْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ شُحُومَهُمَا} الآيَةَ

[Machine] And Ibn Abbas said: "{Every creature with claws}" refers to camels and ostriches. "{Al-Hawaya}" refers to the barking of dogs. And others said: "{Hado}" refers to the Jews, and as for the phrase "{Hudna}," it means reconciliation. "Ha'idun' t'aibun" means a repentant sinner.

وَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: {كُلَّ ذِي ظُفُرٍ} الْبَعِيرُ وَالنَّعَامَةُ. {الْحَوَايَا} الْمَبْعَرُ. وَقَالَ غَيْرُهُ: {هَادُوا} صَارُوا يَهُودًا، وَأَمَّا قَوْلُهُ: {هُدْنَا} تُبْنَا. هَائِدٌ تَائِبٌ.

bukhari:4633ʿAmr b. Khālid > al-Layth > Yazīd b. Abū Ḥabīb > ʿAṭāʾ > Jābir b. ʿAbdullāh

The Prophet ﷺ said, "May Allah curse the Jews! When Allah forbade them to eat the fat of animals, they melted it and sold it, and utilized its price! "  

البخاري:٤٦٣٣حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ خَالِدٍ حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ أَبِي حَبِيبٍ قَالَ عَطَاءٌ سَمِعْتُ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ؓ

سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ قَاتَلَ اللَّهُ الْيَهُودَ لَمَّا حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ شُحُومَهَا جَمَلُوهُ ثُمَّ بَاعُوهُ فَأَكَلُوهَا وَقَالَ أَبُو عَاصِمٍ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْحَمِيدِ حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ كَتَبَ إِلَىَّ عَطَاءٌ سَمِعْتُ جَابِرًا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ  

65.6.7 The Statement of Allah: "...Come not near to Al-Fawahish (shameful sins, illegal sexual intercourse), whether committed openly or secretly..." (V.6:151)

٦٥۔٦۔٧ باب قَوْلِهِ {وَلاَ تَقْرَبُوا الْفَوَاحِشَ مَا ظَهَرَ مِنْهَا وَمَا بَطَنَ}

bukhari:4634Ḥafṣ b. ʿUmar > Shuʿbah > ʿAmr > Abū Wāʾil > ʿAbdullāh

ʿAbdullah (bin Masʿud) said, "None has more sense of ghaira than Allah therefore - He prohibits shameful sins (illegal sexual intercourse, etc.) whether committed openly or secretly. And none loves to be praised more than Allah does, and for this reason He praises Himself." I asked Abu Wali, "Did you hear it from ʿAbdullah?" He said, "Yes," I said, "Did ʿAbdullah ascribe it to Messenger of Allah ﷺ?" He said, "Yes."  

البخاري:٤٦٣٤حَدَّثَنَا حَفْصُ بْنُ عُمَرَ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ عَنْ عَمْرٍو عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ؓ قَالَ

لاَ أَحَدَ أَغْيَرُ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَلِذَلِكَ حَرَّمَ الْفَوَاحِشَ مَا ظَهَرَ مِنْهَا وَمَا بَطَنَ وَلاَ شَىْءَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْهِ الْمَدْحُ مِنَ اللَّهِ لِذَلِكَ مَدَحَ نَفْسَهُ قُلْتُ سَمِعْتَهُ مِنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ نَعَمْ قُلْتُ وَرَفَعَهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ  

65.6.9 The Statement of Allah: "Say: 'Bring forward your witnesses..." (V.6:150)

٦٥۔٦۔٩ بَابُ قَوْلِهِ: {هَلُمَّ شُهَدَاءَكُمُ}:

[Machine] The language of the people of Hijaz is a gathering for the one, the two, and everyone.

لُغَةُ أَهْلِ الْحِجَازِ هَلُمَّ لِلْوَاحِدِ وَالاِثْنَيْنِ وَالْجَمِيعِ:

bukhari:4635Mūsá b. Ismāʿīl > ʿAbd al-Wāḥid > ʿUmārah > Abū Zurʿah > Abū Hurayrah

Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The Hour will not be established until the sun rises from the West: and when the people see it, then whoever will be living on the surface of the earth will have faith, and that is (the time) when no good will it do to a soul to believe then, if it believed not before." (6.158)  

البخاري:٤٦٣٥حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ حَدَّثَنَا عُمَارَةُ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ ؓ قَالَ

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لاَ تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ مِنْ مَغْرِبِهَا فَإِذَا رَآهَا النَّاسُ آمَنَ مَنْ عَلَيْهَا فَذَاكَ حِينَ لاَ يَنْفَعُ نَفْسًا إِيمَانُهَا لَمْ تَكُنْ آمَنَتْ مِنْ قَبْلُ  

65.6.10 "The day that some of the signs of your Lord do come, no good will it do to a person to believe..." (V.6:158)

٦٥۔٦۔١٠ باب {لاَ يَنْفَعُ نَفْسًا إِيمَانُهَا}

bukhari:4636Isḥāq > ʿAbd al-Razzāq > Maʿmar > Hammām > Abū Hurayrah

Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The hour will not be established till the sun rises from the West; and when it rises (from the West) and the people see it, they all will believe. And that is (the time) when no good will it do to a soul to believe then." Then he recited the whole Verse (6.158)  

البخاري:٤٦٣٦حَدَّثَنِي إِسْحَاقُ أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ أَخْبَرَنَا مَعْمَرٌ عَنْ هَمَّامٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ؓ قَالَ

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لاَ تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ مِنْ مَغْرِبِهَا فَإِذَا طَلَعَتْ وَرَآهَا النَّاسُ آمَنُوا أَجْمَعُونَ وَذَلِكَ حِينَ لاَ يَنْفَعُ نَفْسًا إِيمَانُهَا ثُمَّ قَرَأَ الآيَةَ