The Messenger of Allah said: "Whoever kills a Mu'ahad with no justification, Allah will forbid Paradise to him and he will not even smell its fragrance." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4748)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ قَتَلَ نَفْسًا مُعَاهَدَةً بِغَيْرِ حِلِّهَا فَقَدْ حَرَّمَ اللهُ عَلَيْهِ الْجَنَّةَ أَنْ يَشُمَّ رِيحَهَا  

[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying: "Indeed, Allah punishes those who inflict punishment on people in the worldly life."  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ إِنَّ اللهَ يُعَذِّبُ الَّذِينَ يُعَذِّبُونَ النَّاسَ فِي الدُّنْيَا  

[Machine] They will sell them food and neither winter nor summer clothing, nor an animal to work on, nor maintain a standing man in search of a dirham. He said, "I said, O Commander of the Believers, then I returned to you as I went from you." He said, "And if you return as you went, woe to you. We have been commanded to take their forgiveness, meaning their excess."  

تَبِيعَنَّ لَهُمْ رِزْقًا وَلَا كِسْوَةَ شِتَاءٍ وَلَا صَيْفٍ وَلَا دَابَّةً يَعْتَمِلُونَ عَلَيْهَا وَلَا تُقِمْ رَجُلًا قَائِمًا فِي طَلَبِ دِرْهَمٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِذًا أَرْجِعَ إِلَيْكَ كَمَا ذَهَبْتُ مِنْ عِنْدِكَ قَالَ وَإِنْ رَجَعْتَ كَمَا ذَهَبْتَ وَيْحَكَ إِنَّمَا أُمِرْنَا أَنْ نَأْخُذَ مِنْهُمُ الْعَفْوَ يَعْنِي الْفَضْلَ  

[Machine] Abbas, forgiveness means grace.  

عَبَّاسٍ ؓ الْعَفْوُ يَعْنِي الْفَضْلَ  

[Machine] "Awaimil has mixed in the Muslim society the prices of alcohol and the prices of pigs. Don't you know that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'May Allah curse the Jews, as the fat of animals is forbidden for them to eat, so they beautify it and sell it, and they eat its price.' Sufyan said: 'He says: Do not take alcohol and pigs as payment from them, but leave it between them and their sale. So when they sell it, take its price as payment from them.'"  

عُوَيْمِلٌ لَنَا بِالْعِرَاقِ خَلَطَ فِي فَيْءِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ أَثْمَانَ الْخَمْرِ وَأَثْمَانَ الْخَنَازِيرِ أَلَمْ تَعْلَمْ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ لَعَنَ اللهُ الْيَهُودَ حُرِّمَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الشُّحُومُ أَنْ يَأْكُلُوهَا فَجَمَّلُوهَا فَبَاعُوهَا وَأَكَلُوا أَثْمَانَهَا قَالَ سُفْيَانُ يَقُولُ لَا تَأْخُذُوا فِي جِزْيَتِهِمُ الْخَمْرَ وَالْخَنَازِيرَ وَلَكِنْ خَلُّوا بَيْنَهُمْ وَبَيْنَ بَيْعِهَا فَإِذَا بَاعُوهَا فَخُذُوا أَثْمَانَهَا فِي جِزْيَتِهِمْ  

You would soon conquer a land where people are in the habit of using foul language. They have a right of kinship upon you. And when you see two persons fighting for the space of a brick, then get out of that. He (Abu Dharr) then happened to pass by Rabila and 'Abd al-Rahman, the two sons of Shurahbil b. Hasana, and they had been disputing for the space of a brick. So he left the land. (Using translation from Muslim 2543a)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّكُمْ سَتَفْتَحُونَ أَرْضًا يُذْكَرُ فِيهَا الْقِيرَاطُ فَاسْتَوْصُوا بِأَهْلِهَا خَيْرًا فَإِنَّ لَهُمْ ذِمَّةً وَرَحِمًا فَإِذَا رَأَيْتُمْ رَجُلَيْنِ يَقْتَتِلَانِ عَلَى مَوْضِعِ لَبِنَةٍ فَاخْرُجْ مِنْهَا قَالَ فَمَرَّ بِرَبِيعَةَ وَعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ ابْنَيْ شُرَحْبِيلَ ابْنِ حَسَنَةَ يَتَنَازَعَانِ فِي مَوْضِعِ لَبِنَةٍ فَخَرَجَ مِنْهَا  

[Machine] So there was nothing except Friday or something like that until he was killed, then permission was given to the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ , then permission was given to the people of Madinah, then permission was given to the people of Sham, then permission was given to the people of Iraq. So we were among the last to enter (the mosque), when suddenly there was a black turban or a black-clothed person who was attacked by a dagger and blood started flowing. So we said, "Advise us, O Commander of the Believers." He said, "I advise you to follow the Book of Allah, for you will never be misguided as long as you follow it, and I advise you to follow the emigrants, for the people will increase and decrease, and I advise you to follow the Ansar, for they are the people of Islam who have taken refuge (in Madinah), and I advise you to follow the Bedouins, for they are your roots and your supplies." He also said this again, "I advise you to follow them, for they are your brothers and the enemies of your enemies." And he advised us to protect the covenant of Allah, for it is the covenant of your Prophet ﷺ , and the provision for your families." Then he said, "Leave me now."  

فَمَا كَانَتْ إِلَّا جُمُعَةٌ أَوْ نَحْوُ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى أُصِيبَ ثُمَّ أَذِنَ لِأَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ ثُمَّ أَذِنَ لِأَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ ثُمَّ أَذِنَ لِأَهْلِ الشَّامِ ثُمَّ أَذِنَ لِأَهْلِ الْعِرَاقِ فَكُنَّا فِي آخِرِ مَنْ دَخَلَ فَإِذَا عِمَامَةٌ سَوْدَاءُ أَوْ بُرْدٌ أَسْوَدُ قَدْ عُصِبَ عَلَى طَعْنَتِهِ وَإِذَا الدَّمُ يَسِيلُ فَقُلْنَا أَوْصِنَا يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَقَالَ أُوصِيكُمْ بِكِتَابِ اللهِ فَإِنَّكُمْ لَنْ تَضِلُّوا مَا اتَّبَعْتُمُوهُ وَأُوصِيكُمْ بِالْمُهَاجِرِينَ فَإِنَّ النَّاسَ يَكْثُرُونَ وَيَقِلُّونَ وَأُوصِيكُمْ بِالْأَنْصَارِ فَإِنَّهُمْ شَعْبُ الْإِسْلَامِ الَّذِي نَجَا إِلَيْهِ وَأُوصِيكُمْ بِالْأَعْرَابِ فَإِنَّهُمْ أَصْلُكُمْ وَمَادَّتُكُمْ وَقَالَ مَرَّةً أُخْرَى فَإِنَّهُمْ إِخْوَانُكُمْ وَعَدُوُّ عَدُوِّكُمْ وَأُوصِيكُمْ بِذِمَّةِ اللهِ فَإِنَّهُمْ ذِمَّةُ نَبِيِّكُمْ ﷺ وَرِزْقُ عِيَالِكُمْ ثُمَّ قَالَ قُومُوا عَنِّي  

[Machine] About Abu Bakr ibn Ayyash.  

عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ عَيَّاشٍ  

[Machine] And that no one should circumambulate the Kaaba while naked, and the Day of Hajj al-Akbar is the Day of Sacrifice. It was only called Hajj al-Akbar because of people's saying that Hajj al-Asghar is the lesser Hajj. So Abu Bakr conveyed this to the people in that year, and he did not perform Hajj in the following year, the year in which the Messenger of Allah ﷺ performed Hajj al-Wadaa' with the mushrikun. And Allah revealed in the year that Abu Bakr conveyed to the mushrikun: "O you who have believed, indeed the polytheists are unclean, so let them not approach al-Masjid al-Haram after this, their [final] year" (Quran 9:28). And the rest of the hadith was mentioned.  

وَأَنْ لَا يَطُوفَ بِالْبَيْتِ عُرْيَانٌ وَيَوْمُ الْحَجِّ الْأَكْبَرِ يَوْمُ النَّحْرِ وَإِنَّمَا قِيلَ الْحَجُّ الْأَكْبَرُ مِنْ أَجْلِ قَوْلِ النَّاسِ الْحَجُّ الْأَصْغَرُ فَنَبَذَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ إِلَى النَّاسِ فِي ذَلِكَ الْعَامِ فَلَمْ يَحُجَّ فِي الْعَامِ الْقَابِلِ الَّذِي حَجَّ فِيهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ حَجَّةَ الْوَدَاعِ مُشْرِكٌ وَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ فِي الْعَامِ الَّذِي نَبَذَ فِيهِ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ إِلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ {يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنَّمَا الْمُشْرِكُونَ نَجَسٌ فَلَا يَقْرَبُوا الْمَسْجِدَ الْحَرَامَ بَعْدَ عَامِهِمْ هَذَا} [التوبة 28] الْآيَةَ وَذَكَرَ بَاقِيَ الْحَدِيثِ  

[Machine] "I sent messengers to the people of Makkah with four conditions: that they should not circumambulate the Kaaba naked, nor come near the Sacred Mosque as polytheists after this year, and that none shall enter Paradise except a believing soul. And whoever had a covenant with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, their covenant shall remain valid until its expiration."  

أَرْسَلْتُ إِلَى أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ بِأَرْبَعٍ لَا يَطُوفَنَّ بِالْكَعْبَةِ عُرْيَانٌ وَلَا يَقْرَبَنَّ الْمَسْجِدَ الْحَرَامَ مُشْرِكٌ بَعْدَ عَامِهِ وَلَا يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ إِلَّا نَفْسٌ مُؤْمِنَةٌ وَمَنْ كَانَ لَهُ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ عَهْدٌ فَعَهْدُهُ إِلَى مُدَّتِهِ  

[Machine] He said that a Muslim and a polytheist should not be together after this year in Hajj. He added that whoever does not have a treaty, then four months.  

أَنَّهُ قَالَ وَلَا يَجْتَمِعُ مُسْلِمٌ وَمُشْرِكٌ بَعْدَ عَامِهِمْ هَذَا فِي الْحَجِّ وَزَادَ وَمَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ عَهْدٌ فَأَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ  

When the people of Khaibar dislocated ʿAbdullah bin ʿUmar's hands and feet, ʿUmar got up delivering a sermon saying, "No doubt, Messenger of Allah ﷺ made a contract with the Jews concerning their properties, and said to them, 'We allow you (to stand in your land) as long as Allah allows you.' Now ʿAbdullah bin ʿUmar went to his land and was attacked at night, and his hands and feet were dislocated, and as we have no enemies there except those Jews, they are our enemies and the only people whom we suspect, I have made up my mind to exile them." When ʿUmar decided to carry out his decision, a son of Abu Al-Haqiq's came and addressed ʿUmar, "O chief of the believers, will you exile us although Muhammad allowed us to stay at our places, and made a contract with us about our properties, and accepted the condition of our residence in our land?" ʿUmar said, "Do you think that I have forgotten the statement of Messenger of Allah ﷺ, i.e.: What will your condition be when you are expelled from Khaibar and your camel will be carrying you night after night?" The Jew replied, "That was joke from Abul-Qasim." ʿUmar said, "O the enemy of Allah! You are telling a lie." ʿUmar then drove them out and paid them the price of their properties in the form of fruits, money, camel saddles and ropes, etc." (Using translation from Bukhārī 2730)   

لَمَّا فُدِعْتُ بِخَيْبَرَ قَامَ عُمَرُ ؓ خَطِيبًا فِي النَّاسِ فَقَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ عَامَلَ يَهُودَ خَيْبَرَ عَلَى أَمْوَالِهَا وَقَالَ نُقِرُّكُمْ مَا أَقَرَّكُمُ اللهُ وَإِنَّ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ خَرَجَ إِلَى مَالِهِ هُنَاكَ فَعُدِيَ عَلَيْهِ فِي اللَّيْلِ فَفُدِعَتْ يَدَاهُ وَلَيْسَ لَنَا عَدُوٌّ هُنَاكَ غَيْرَهُمْ وَهُمْ تُهْمَتُنَا وَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ إِجْلَاءَهُمْ فَلَمَّا أَجْمَعَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ أَتَاهُ أَحَدُ بَنِي أَبِي الْحُقَيْقِ فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ تُخْرِجُنَا وَقَدْ أَقَرَّنَا مُحَمَّدٌ وَعَامَلَنَا عَلَى الْأَمْوَالِ وَشَرَطَ ذَلِكَ لَنَا؟ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ أَظَنَنْتَ أَنِّي نَسِيتُ قَوْلَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ كَيْفَ بِكَ إِذَا أُخْرِجْتَ مِنْ خَيْبَرَ تَعْدُو بِكَ قَلُوصُكَ لَيْلَةً بَعْدَ لَيْلَةٍ فَأَجْلَاهُمْ وَأَعْطَاهُمْ قِيمَةَ مَالِهِمْ مِنَ الثَّمَرِ مَالًا وَإِبِلًا وَعُرُوضًا مِنْ أَقْتَابٍ وَحِبَالٍ وَغَيْرَ ذَلِكَ  

ʿUmar expelled the Jews and the Christians from Hijaz. When Messenger of Allah ﷺ had conquered Khaibar, he wanted to expel the Jews from it as its land became the property of Allah, His Apostle, and the Muslims. Messenger of Allah ﷺ intended to expel the Jews but they requested him to let them stay there on the condition that they would do the labor and get half of the fruits. Messenger of Allah ﷺ told them, "We will let you stay on thus condition, as long as we wish." So, they (i.e. Jews) kept on living there until ʿUmar forced them to go towards Taima' and Ariha'. (Using translation from Bukhārī 2338)   

أَنَّ عُمَرَ ؓ أَجْلَى الْيَهُودَ وَالنَّصَارَى مِنْ أَرْضِ الْحِجَازِ وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَمَّا ظَهَرَ عَلَى خَيْبَرَ أَرَادَ إِخْرَاجَ الْيَهُودِ مِنْهَا وَكَانَتِ الْأَرْضُ إِذْ أَظْهَرَ عَلَيْهَا لِلَّهِ وَلِرَسُولِهِ وَلِلْمُسْلِمِينَ فَسَأَلَ الْيَهُودُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ يُقِرَّهُمْ بِهَا عَلَى أَنْ يَكُفُّوا الْعَمَلَ وَلَهُمْ نِصْفُ الثَّمَرِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أُقِرُّكُمْ عَلَى ذَلِكَ مَا شِئْنَا فَأُقِرُّوا بِهَا وَأَجْلَاهُمْ عُمَرُ ؓ فِي إِمَارَتِهِ إِلَى تَيْمَاءَ وَأَرِيحَا  

[Machine] The pain of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ intensified, so he said, "Bring me something to write on, and I will write a book for you so that you will never go astray after it, and there will be no dispute in the presence of a prophet." They said, "Leave him, for what he is in is better than what you invite him to." He then gave them three commandments, saying, "Expel the polytheists from the Arabian Peninsula, treat the delegation in a manner similar to my treatment, and I forgot the third one."  

اشْتَدَّ وَجَعُ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ ائْتُونِي أَكْتُبْ لَكُمْ كِتَابًا لَا تَضِلُّوا بَعْدَهُ أَبَدًا فَتَنَازَعُوا وَلَا يَنْبَغِي عِنْدَ نَبِيٍّ تَنَازُعٌ فَقَالَ ذَرُونِي فَالَّذِي أَنَا فِيهِ خَيْرٌ مِمَّا تَدْعُونَنِي إِلَيْهِ وَأَمَرَهُمْ بِثَلَاثٍ فَقَالَ أَخْرِجُوا الْمُشْرِكِينَ مِنْ جَزِيرَةِ الْعَرَبِ وَأَجِيزُوا الْوَفْدَ بِنَحْوٍ مِمَّا كُنْتُ أُجِيزُهُمْ وَالثَّالِثَةَ نُسِّيتُهَا  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “If I live, I shall certainly expel the Jews and Christians from the Arabian Peninsula, until I leave only Muslims there.” (Using translation from Aḥmad 219)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَئِنْ عِشْتُ لَأُخْرِجَنَّ الْيَهُودَ وَالنَّصَارَى مِنْ جَزِيرَةِ الْعَرَبِ حَتَّى لَا أَتْرُكَ فِيهَا إِلَّا مُسْلِمًا  

[Machine] The last thing the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , spoke, he said, "Expel the Jews of the Hijaz and the people of Najran from the Arabian Peninsula, and know that the worst of people are those who took their graves as places of worship."  

آخِرُ مَا تَكَلَّمَ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ أَخْرِجُوا يَهُودَ الْحِجَازِ وَأَهْلَ نَجْرَانَ مِنْ جَزِيرَةِ الْعَرَبِ وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّ شَرَّ النَّاسِ الَّذِينَ اتَّخَذُوا قُبُورَهُمْ مَسَاجِدَ  

[Machine] From the last words spoken by the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was "May Allah curse the Jews and Christians, for they have taken the graves of their prophets as places of worship, and there will not remain any religion in the land of the Arab."  

أَنَّهُ كَانَ مِنْ آخِرِ مَا تَكَلَّمَ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ قَالَ قَاتَلَ اللهُ الْيَهُودَ وَالنَّصَارَى اتَّخَذُوا قُبُورَ أَنْبِيَائِهِمْ مَسَاجِدَ لَا يَبْقَيَنَّ دِينَانِ بِأَرْضِ الْعَرَبِ  

[Machine] That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Two religions cannot coexist in the Arabian Peninsula." Malik ibn Dinar said, Ibn Shihab examined this matter until Umar ibn al-Khattab [may Allah be pleased with him] received confirmation from the Prophet ﷺ that he said, "Two religions cannot coexist in the Arabian Peninsula," so he expelled the Jews from Khaybar. Malik said, Umar ibn al-Khattab expelled the Jews from Najran as well.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ لَا يَجْتَمِعُ دِينَانِ فِي جَزِيرَةِ الْعَرَبِ قَالَ مَالِكٌ قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ فَفَحَصَ عَنْ ذَلِكَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ حَتَّى أَتَاهُ الثَّلَجُ وَالْيَقِينُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَالَ لَا يَجْتَمِعُ دِينَانِ فِي جَزِيرَةِ الْعَرَبِ فَأَجْلَى يَهُودَ خَيْبَرَ قَالَ مَالِكٌ قَدْ أَجْلَى عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ يَهُودَ نَجْرَانَ وَفَدَكَ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "There cannot be two qiblas (direction of prayer) in one land." It was narrated to us by Abu Kudayna from Qabous ibn Abi Zibyan through his Isnad (chain of narrators) that two qiblas cannot exist in the Arabian Peninsula. The Sheikh (may Allah have mercy on him) said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ expelled the Jews of Banu Nadir, then the Jews of Madinah, and this was narrated to us in a hadith by Ibn Jurayj from Musa ibn Uqbah from Nafi' from Ibn Umar."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَا يَكُونُ قِبْلَتَانِ فِي بَلَدٍ وَاحِدٍ وَرُوِّينَا عَنْ أَبِي كُدَيْنَةَ عَنْ قَابُوسَ بْنِ أَبِي ظَبْيَانَ بِإِسْنَادِهِ لَا يَجْتَمِعُ قِبْلَتَانِ فِي جَزِيرَةِ الْعَرَبِ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَقَدْ أَجْلَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَهُودَ بَنِي النَّضِيرِ ثُمَّ يَهُودَ الْمَدِينَةِ وَرُوِّينَاهُ فِي حَدِيثِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عُقْبَةَ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ ؓ  

[Machine] The Jews of Banu Nadir and Quraiza fought against the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ banished Banu Nadir and made an agreement with Quraiza. The narration mentions that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ also banished all the Jews from the city, including Banu Qaynuqa, who were the people of Abdullah ibn Salam, and Banu Haritha. Every Jew who was in the city, as well as the Jews, Christians, and other disbelievers, were not allowed to stay in the city for more than three days, according to the covenant of Umar. I am not sure whether this was implemented with them or not.  

يَهُودَ بَنِي النَّضِيرِ وَقُرَيْظَةَ حَارَبُوا رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَجْلَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بَنِي النَّضِيرِ وَأَقَرَّ قُرَيْظَةَ وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ قَالَ وَأَجْلَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَهُودَ الْمَدِينَةِ كُلَّهُمْ بَنِي قَيْنُقَاعَ وَهُمْ قَوْمُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سَلَامٍ وَبَنِي حَارِثَةَ وَكُلَّ يَهُودِيٍّ كَانَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ وَكَانَ الْيَهُودُ وَالنَّصَارَى وَمَنْ سِوَاهُمْ مِنَ الْكُفَّارِ لَا يُقَرُّونَ فِيهَا فَوْقَ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ عَلَى عَهْدِ عُمَرَ وَلَا أَدْرِي أَكَانَ يُفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ بِهِمْ أَمْ لَا  

Abu Hurairah said, While we were in the mosque, the Apostle of Allaah ﷺ came out and said “Come on to the Jews. So we went out with him and came to them”. The Apostle of Allaah ﷺ stood up, called them and said “If you, the community of Jews accept Islam you will be safe”. They said “You have given the message Abu Al Qasim”. The Apostle of Allaah ﷺ said “Accept Islam you will be safe”. They said “You have given the message Abu Al Qasim”. The Apostle of Allaah ﷺ said “that I intended”. He then said the third time “Know that the land belongs to Allaah and His Apostle and I intend to deport you from this land. So, if any of you has property (he cannot take it away), he must sell it, otherwise know that the land belongs to Allaah and His Apostle ﷺ.” (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3003)   

أَنَّهُ قَالَ بَيْنَمَا نَحْنُ جُلُوسٌ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ إِذْ خَرَجَ إِلَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ انْطَلِقُوا إِلَى يَهُودَ فَخَرَجْنَا مَعَهُ حَتَّى جِئْنَا إِلَى بَيْتِ الْمِدْرَاسِ فَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَنَادَاهُمْ فَقَالَ يَا مَعْشَرَ يَهُودَ أَسْلِمُوا تَسْلَمُوا قَالُوا قَدْ بَلَّغْتَ يَا أَبَا الْقَاسِمِ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ ذَلِكَ أُرِيدُ أَسْلِمُوا تَسْلَمُوا قَالُوا قَدْ بَلَّغْتَ يَا أَبَا الْقَاسِمِ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ ذَلِكَ أُرِيدُ ثُمَّ قَالَهَا الثَّالِثَةَ وَقَالَ اعْلَمُوا أَنَّ الْأَرْضَ لِلَّهِ وَلِرَسُولِهِ وَأَنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أُجْلِيَكُمْ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْأَرْضِ فَمَنْ وَجَدَ مِنْكُمْ شَيْئًا مِنْ مَالِهِ فَلْيَبِعْهُ وَإِلَّا فَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّمَا الْأَرْضُ لِلَّهِ وَلِرَسُولِهِ  

[Machine] Saeed bin Abdul Aziz said that the Arabian Peninsula extends from the valley to the furthest point in Yemen, to the borders of Iraq, and to the sea.  

قَالَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ جَزِيرَةُ الْعَرَبِ مَا بَيْنَ الْوَادِي إِلَى أَقْصَى الْيَمَنِ إِلَى تُخُومِ الْعِرَاقِ إِلَى الْبَحْرِ  

[Machine] The Arabian Peninsula extends from the wells of Abu Musa to the furthest point in Yemen in terms of length. As for the width, it stretches from the dunes of Yabreen to the distant heavens. Al-Asma'i said that the Arabian Peninsula extends from the furthest point of Aden to the outskirts of Iraq in terms of length, and as for the width, it extends from Jeddah and its surroundings along the coast to the edges of al-Sham.  

جَزِيرَةُ الْعَرَبِ مَا بَيْنَ حُفَرِ أَبِي مُوسَى إِلَى أَقْصَى الْيَمَنِ فِي الطُّولِ وَأَمَّا الْعَرْضُ فَمَا بَيْنَ رَمْلِ يَبْرِينَ إِلَى مُنْقَطَعِ السَّمَاوَةِ قَالَ وَقَالَ الْأَصْمَعِيُّ جَزِيرَةُ الْعَرَبِ مِنْ أَقْصَى عَدَنِ أَبْيَنَ إِلَى رِيفِ الْعِرَاقِ فِي الطُّولِ وَأَمَّا الْعَرْضُ فَمِنْ جُدَّةَ وَمَا وَالِاهَا مِنْ سَاحِلِ الْبَحْرِ إِلَى أَطْرَافِ الشَّامِ  

[Machine] Abu Abdulrahman, which is Al-Muqri's nickname, said: "The Arabian Peninsula stretches from Al-Qadisiyah to the depths of Aden to Bahrain."  

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ يَعْنِي الْمُقْرِيَّ جَزِيرَةُ الْعَرَبِ مِنْ لَدُنِ الْقَادِسِيَّةِ إِلَى لَدُنْ قَعْرِ عَدَنَ إِلَى الْبَحْرَيْنِ  

[Machine] Malik and Umar said: "The people of Najran were expelled, but they were not expelled from Tayma because it is not part of Arab lands. As for the valley, I think that the Jews who lived there did not see it as part of Arab lands. Abu Sa'id ibn Abi 'Amr informed us, Abu al-Abbas al-Asamm narrated to us, Al-Rabi'i informed us, saying: Al-Shafi'i said, when asked who should pay the jizya, to give it and have the ruling applied to him, that he should reside in the Hijaz, that it does not apply to him. The Hijaz consists of Makkah, Madinah, Yamamah, and its outskirts. Al-Shafi'i said, "And I do not know of anyone who was expelled from the Dhimmis of Yemen, and they had a treaty, and Yemen is not part of the Hijaz, so no one from Yemen expels them, and there is no harm in reconciling with them in their place in Yemen." The Sheikh said, " They considered Yemen as part of Arab lands, and the expulsion was applied to the people of Najran, but the treaty of the people of the Hijaz did not include the people of Yemen because it is not part of the Hijaz, not because they did not see it as part of Arab lands." The term "expulsion" in the Hadith refers to a specific meaning, and in the Hadith of Samurah from Abu Ubaydah ibn al-Jarrah, there is evidence or a semblance of evidence for the specific context. And Allah knows best.  

قَالَ مَالِكٌ عُمَرُ ؓ أَجْلَى أَهْلَ نَجْرَانَ وَلَمْ يُجْلَوْا مِنْ تَيْمَاءَ لِأَنَّهَا لَيْسَتْ مِنْ بِلَادِ الْعَرَبِ فَأَمَّا الْوَادِي فَإِنِّي أَرَى أَنَّمَا لَا يُجْلَى مَنْ فِيهَا مِنَ الْيَهُودِ أَنَّهُمْ لَمْ يَرَوْهَا مِنْ أَرْضِ الْعَرَبِ 18759 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ الْأَصَمُّ أَنْبَأَ الرَّبِيعُ قَالَ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَإِنْ سَأَلَ مَنْ يُؤْخَذُ مِنْهُ الْجِزْيَةَ أَنْ يُعْطِيَهَا وَيَجْرِيَ عَلَيْهِ الْحُكْمُ عَلَى أَنْ يَسْكُنَ الْحِجَازَ لَمْ يَكُنْ ذَلِكَ لَهُ وَالْحِجَازُ مَكَّةُ وَالْمَدِينَةُ وَالْيَمَامَةُ وَمَخَالِيفُهَا كُلُّهَا قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَلَمْ أَعْلَمْ أَحَدًا أُجْلِيَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ مِنَ الْيَمَنِ وَقَدْ كَانَتْ بِهَا ذِمَّةٌ وَلَيْسَتِ الْيَمَنُ بِحِجَازٍ فَلَا يُجْلِيهِمْ أَحَدٌ مِنَ الْيَمَنِ وَلَا بَأْسَ أَنْ يُصَالِحَهُمْ عَلَى مَقَامِهِمْ بِالْيَمَنِ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ قَدْ جَعَلُوا الْيَمَنَ مِنْ أَرْضِ الْعَرَبِ وَالْجَلَاءُ وَقَعَ عَلَى أَهْلِ نَجْرَانَ وَذِمَّةُ أَهْلِ الْحِجَازِ دُونَ ذِمَّةِ أَهْلِ الْيَمَنِ؛ لِأَنَّهَا لَيْسَتْ بِحِجَازٍ لَا لِأَنَّهُمْ لَمْ يَرَوْهَا مِنْ أَرْضِ الْعَرَبِ وَالْجَلَاءُ فِي الْحَدِيثِ تَخْصِيصٌ وَفِي حَدِيثِ سَمُرَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ بْنِ الْجَرَّاحِ ؓ دَلِيلٌ أَوْ شِبْهُ دَلِيلٍ عَلَى مَوْضِعِ الْخُصُوصِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ  

[Machine] We went out with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ from Khaybar towards Wadi Al-Qura. He mentioned the Hadith about the conquest of Wadi Al-Qura. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ stayed in Wadi Al-Qura for four days and distributed what had been acquired among his companions. He left the land and the date palms in the hands of the Jews and dealt with them accordingly. When Umar bin Al-Khattab came, he expelled the Jews of Khaybar and Fadak, but he did not expel the people of Tayma and Wadi Al-Qura because they are part of the land of Sham (Syria). We believe that what is below Wadi Al-Qura towards Al-Madinah is considered Hijaz, and what is beyond that is considered Sham. The Shaykh said, "This last statement, I think it is from the saying of Al-Waqidi."  

خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مِنْ خَيْبَرَ إِلَى وَادِي الْقُرَى فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ فِي فَتْحِ وَادِي الْقُرَى قَالَ فَأَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِوَادِي الْقُرَى أَرْبَعَةَ أَيَّامٍ وَقَسَمَ مَا أَصَابَ عَلَى أَصْحَابِهِ بِوَادِي الْقُرَى وَتَرَكَ الْأَرْضَ وَالنَّخْلَ بِأَيْدِي يَهُودَ وَعَامَلَهُمْ عَلَيْهَا فَلَمَّا كَانَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ أَخْرَجَ يَهُودَ خَيْبَرَ وَفَدَكَ وَلَمْ يُخْرِجْ أَهْلَ تَيْمَاءَ وَوَادِي الْقُرَى؛ لِأَنَّهُمَا دَاخِلَتَانِ فِي أَرْضِ الشَّامِ وَنَرَى أَنَّ مَا دُونَ وَادِي الْقُرَى إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ حِجَازٌ وَأَنَّ مَا وَرَاءَ ذَلِكَ شَامٌ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ هَذَا الْكَلَامُ الْأَخِيرُ أَظُنُّهُ مِنْ قَوْلِ الْوَاقِدِيِّ  

[Machine] I heard Malik ibn Anas saying that the Arabian Peninsula includes Medina, Mecca, and Yemen. As for Egypt, it belongs to the lands of the Maghreb, while Syria belongs to the lands of the Romans, and Iraq belongs to the lands of Persia.  

سَمِعْتُ مَالِكَ بْنَ أَنَسٍ يَقُولُ جَزِيرَةُ الْعَرَبِ الْمَدِينَةُ وَمَكَّةُ وَالْيَمَنُ فَأَمَّا مِصْرُ فَمِنْ بِلَادِ الْمَغْرِبِ وَالشَّامُ مِنْ بِلَادِ الرُّومِ وَالْعِرَاقُ مِنْ بِلَادْ فَارِسَ  

[Machine] That Umar ibn al-Khattab ordered the Jews, Christians, and Zoroastrians in the city to establish three days during which they can freely shop and fulfill their needs, and no one is allowed to stay for more than three nights.  

أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ ضَرَبَ لِلْيَهُودِ وَالنَّصَارَى وَالْمَجُوسِ بِالْمَدِينَةِ إِقَامَةَ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ يَتَسَوَّقُونَ بِهَا وَيَقْضُونَ حَوَائِجَهُمْ وَلَا يُقِيمُ أَحَدٌ مِنْهُمْ فَوْقَ ثَلَاثِ لَيَالٍ  

[Machine] That I take from the Muslims one-fourth of the tenth, and from the people of the covenant half of the tenth, and from those who have no covenant the tenth.  

أَنْ آخُذَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ رُبْعَ الْعُشْرِ وَمِنْ أَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ نِصْفَ الْعُشْرِ وَمِمَّنْ لَا ذِمَّةَ لَهُ الْعُشْرَ  

[Machine] "To bite on a stone in order to seek my pleasure, I have chosen for you the best deed, but you disliked it. I am writing to you the sunnah of 'Umar. I said, 'Write to me the sunnah of 'Umar.' He said, 'He wrote for the Muslims forty dirhams each, and for the dhimmis twenty dirhams each, and for those who have no protection, ten dirhams each.' I said, 'Who are those who have no protection?' He said, 'The Romans used to be the leaders.'"  

أَنْ تَعَضَّ عَلَى حَجَرِ كَذَا وَكَذَا ابْتِغَاءَ مَرْضَاتِي لَفَعَلْتَ اخْتَرْتُ لَكَ خَيْرَ عَمَلٍ فَكَرِهْتَهُ إِنِّي أَكْتُبُ لَكَ سُنَّةَ عُمَرَ قُلْتُ فَاكْتُبْ لِي سُنَّةَ عُمَرَ ؓ قَالَ فَكَتَبَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ مِنْ كُلِّ أَرْبَعِينَ دِرْهَمًا دِرْهَمٌ وَمَنْ أَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ مِنْ كُلِّ عِشْرِينَ دِرْهَمًا دِرْهَمٌ وَمِمَّنْ لَا ذِمَّةَ لَهُ مِنْ كُلِّ عَشَرَةِ دَرَاهِمَ دِرْهَمٌ قَالَ قُلْتُ مَنْ لَا ذِمَّةَ لَهُ؟ قَالَ الرُّومُ كَانُوا يَقْدَمُونَ الشَّامَ  

[Machine] "To take from the wealth of Muslims one quarter of the tenth, and from the wealth of the people of the covenant when they differ in trade, one half of the tenth, and from the wealth of the people of war one tenth."  

أَنْ خُذْ مِنْ أَمْوَالِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ رُبْعَ الْعُشْرِ وَمِنْ أَمْوَالِ أَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ إِذَا اخْتَلَفُوا لِلتِّجَارَةِ نِصْفَ الْعُشْرِ وَمِنْ أَمْوَالِ أَهْلِ الْحَرْبِ الْعُشْرَ  

[Machine] That the pregnancy increases towards the city and takes from the cotton field a tenth.  

أَنْ يَكْثُرَ الْحَمْلُ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ وَيَأْخُذُ مِنَ الْقِطْنِيَّةِ الْعُشْرَ  

[Machine] He said, "I used to work with Abdullah ibn Uthba in the market of the city during the time of Umar ibn Khattab. He used to take a tenth from the Nabateans."  

أَنَّهُ قَالَ كُنْتُ عَامِلًا مَعَ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ عَلَى سُوقِ الْمَدِينَةِ فِي زَمَانِ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ فَكَانَ يَأْخُذُ مِنَ النَّبَطِ الْعُشْرَ  

[Machine] That was taken from them in the pre-Islamic period, and Umar ibn al-Khattab obliged them to it.  

كَانَ ذَلِكَ يُؤْخَذُ مِنْهُمْ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَأَلْزَمَهُمْ ذَلِكَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ  

[Machine] I used to live with Abdullah bin Umar bin Al-Khattab. He would take half of the profits from the people of the dhimmah (non-Muslim minorities) in return for their business transactions.  

كُنْتُ أُعَاشِرُ مَعَ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ زَمَانَ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ فَكَانَ يَأْخُذُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ أَنْصَافَ عُشُورِ أَمْوَالِهِمْ فِيمَا تَجَرُوا فِيهِ  

[Machine] Muslim traders, when they enter the land of war, take one-tenth from them. Umar wrote to him, "Take from them when they enter to us the same one-tenth, and take from the traders of the people of the covenant half of the tenth, and from the Muslims of two hundred five, and whatever remains, take from every forty dirhams a dirham."  

تُجَّارَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ إِذَا دَخَلُوا دَارَ الْحَرْبِ أَخَذُوا مِنْهُمُ الْعُشْرَ قَالَ فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ عُمَرُ خُذْ مِنْهُمْ إِذَا دَخَلُوا إِلَيْنَا مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ الْعُشْرِ وَخُذُوا مِنْ تُجَّارِ أَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ نِصْفَ الْعُشْرِ وَمِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ مِنْ مِائَتَيْنِ خَمْسَةً وَمَا زَادَ فَمِنْ كُلِّ أَرْبَعِينَ دِرْهَمًا دِرْهَمًا  

[Machine] I wrote to Umar about some people from the people of war who enter our land, the land of Islam, and settle there. He said, "If they stay for six months, take a tenth from them, and if they stay for a year, take half of the tenth from them."  

كَتَبْتُ إِلَى عُمَرَ فِي أُنَاسٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْحَرْبِ يَدْخُلُونَ أَرْضَنَا أَرْضَ الْإِسْلَامِ فَيُقِيمُونَ قَالَ فَكَتَبَ إِلِيَّ عُمَرُ ؓ إِنْ أَقَامُوا سِتَّةَ أَشْهُرٍ فَخُذْ مِنْهُمُ الْعُشْرَ وَإِنْ أَقَامُوا سَنَةً فَخُذْ مِنْهُمْ نِصْفَ الْعُشْرِ  

[Machine] The traders of the enemy people, just like us, when we visit them.  

تُجَّارَ أَهْلِ الْحَرْبِ كَمَا يَعْشُرُونَنَا إِذَا أَتَيْنَاهُمْ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "There is no tenth for Muslims; the tenth is only for the Jews and Christians." Al-Abbas said, "Ahmad ibn Yunus narrated this narration from his father from Abu Hamidah, and Al-Bukhari mentioned it in his history without mentioning his father. And his other ways have passed, and we mentioned the hadith of Umar ibn Abdul Aziz about this in the book of Zakah."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَيْسَ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ عُشُورٌ إِنَّمَا الْعُشُورُ عَلَى الْيَهُودِ وَالنَّصَارَى قَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ هَكَذَا قَالَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يُونُسَ فِي هَذِهِ الرِّوَايَةِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي حَمِدَةَ وَذَكَرَهَا الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي التَّارِيخِ دُونَ ذِكْرِ أَبِيهِ وَقَدْ مَضَى سَائِرُ طُرُقِهِ وَذَكَرْنَا حَدِيثَ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ فِي ذَلِكَ فِي كِتَابِ الزَّكَاةِ  

[Machine] I used to live among the tribe of Taghlib and every time they would come and go, they would be accompanied by a shaykh from among them. One day, a shaykh came to Umar and said, "Ziyad always lives among us whenever we leave or return." Umar replied, "That is enough." Then the shaykh went to Umar again, while Umar was in a gathering, and said, "O Commander of the Faithful, I am the Christian shaykh." Umar responded, "And I am the Hanifi shaykh. You have been prohibited from living with them more than once a year."  

كُنْتُ أُعَشِّرُ بَنِي تَغْلِبَ كُلَّمَا أَقْبَلُوا وَأَدْبَرُوا فَانْطَلَقَ شَيْخٌ مِنْهُمْ إِلَى عُمَرَ فَقَالَ إِنَّ زِيَادًا يُعَشِّرُنَا كُلَّمَا أَقْبَلْنَا أَوْ أَدْبَرْنَا فَقَالَ تُكْفَى ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ أَتَاهُ الشَّيْخُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ وَعُمَرُ ؓ فِي جَمَاعَةٍ فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَنَا الشَّيْخُ النَّصْرَانِيُّ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ وَأَنَا الشَّيْخُ الْحَنِيفُ قَدْ كُفِيتَ قَالَ وَكَتَبَ إِلِيَّ أَنْ لَا تُعَشِّرَهُمْ فِي السَّنَةِ إِلَّا مَرَّةً  

[Machine] That Umar ibn Abdul Aziz wrote to him, "And whoever passes by you from the people of the dhimmah, take from them what they manage from their trade from their wealth, twenty dinars for each dinar. And whatever decreases is to be accounted for until it reaches ten dinars. If it decreases by one-third of a dinar, then leave it and do not take anything from it. And write for them a letter for what you take from them, equivalent to it in the following year."  

أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ وَمَنْ مَرَّ بِكَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ فَخُذْ مِمَّا يُدِيرُونَ مِنَ التِّجَارَاتِ مِنْ أَمْوَالِهِمْ مِنْ كُلِّ عِشْرِينَ دِينَارًا دِينَارًا فَمَا نَقَصَ فَبِحِسَابِ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ عَشَرَةَ دَنَانِيرَ فَإِنْ نَقَصَتْ ثُلُثَ دِينَارٍ فَدَعْهَا وَلَا تَأْخُذْ مِنْهَا شَيْئًا وَاكْتُبْ لَهُمْ بِمَا تَأْخُذُ مِنْهُمْ كِتَابًا إِلَى مِثْلِهِ مِنَ الْحَوْلِ  

[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , when two messengers came to him from Musaylimah the Liar with their book, and the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , said to them, "Do you both say what he says?" They replied, "Yes". He said, "By Allah, if it were not that the messengers were not to be killed, I would have struck your necks."  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ حِينَ جَاءَهُ رَسُولَا مُسَيْلِمَةَ الْكَذَّابِ بِكِتَابِهِ وَرَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ لَهُمَا وَأَنْتُمَا تَقُولَانِ مِثْلَمَا يَقُولُ؟ فَقَالَا نَعَمْ فَقَالَ أَمَا وَاللهِ لَوْلَا أَنَّ الرُّسُلَ لَا تُقْتَلُ لَضَرَبْتُ أَعْنَاقَكُمَا  

Harithah ibn Mudarrib said that he came to Abdullah ibn Mas'ud and said (to him): There is no enmity between me and any of the Arabs. I passed a mosque of Banu Hanifah. They (the people) believed in Musaylimah. Abdullah (ibn Mas'ud) sent for them. They were brought, and he asked them to repent, except Ibn an-Nawwahah. He said to him: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: Were it not that you were not a messenger, I would behead you. But today you are not a messenger. He then ordered Qarazah ibn Ka'b (to kill him). He beheaded him in the market. Anyone who wants to see Ibn an-Nawwahah slain in the market (he may see him). (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2762)   

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ لَوْلَا أَنَّكَ رَسُولٌ لَضَرَبْتُ عُنُقَكَ فَأَنْتَ الْيَوْمَ لَسْتَ بِرَسُولٍ فَأَمَرَ قَرَظَةَ بْنَ كَعْبٍ فَضَرَبَ عُنُقَهُ فِي السُّوقِ ثُمَّ قَالَ مَنْ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَنْظُرَ إِلَى ابْنِ النَّوَّاحَةِ قَتِيلًا بِالسُّوقِ  

[Machine] "That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to Ibn Nawwaha, 'If it were not for the fact that you are a Messenger, I would have killed you.'"  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ لِابْنِ النَّوَّاحَةِ لَوْلَا أَنَّكَ رَسُولٌ لَقَتَلْتُكَ  

[Machine] That the messengers should not be killed.  

أَنْ لَا تُقْتَلَ الرُّسُلُ  

Anas bin Malik said “The Apostle of Allaah ﷺ entered Makkah in the year of the conquest (of Makkah) wearing a helmet on his head. When he took off it a man came to him and said “Ibn Akhtal is hanging with the curtains of the Ka’bah.” He said “Kill him”. Abu Dawud said “The name of Ibn Akhtal is ‘Abd Allaah and Abu Barzat Al Aslami killed him. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2685)   

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ دَخَلَ مَكَّةَ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ وَعَلَى رَأْسِهِ مِغْفَرٌ فَلَمَّا نَزَعَهُ جَاءَهُ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ ابْنُ خَطَلٍ مُتَعَلِّقٌ بِأَسْتَارِ الْكَعْبَةِ فَقَالَ اقْتُلُوهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ  

[Machine] On the day of the conquest of Mecca, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ granted security to everyone except four men and two women. He ordered them to be killed if they were found hanging onto the curtains of the Kaaba. These individuals were Ikrimah bin Abi Jahl, Abdullah bin Khatal, Muqays bin Subabah, and Abdullah bin Abi Sarh.  

لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ أَمَّنَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ النَّاسَ إِلَّا أَرْبَعَةَ نَفَرٍ وَامْرَأَتَيْنِ وَقَالَ اقْتُلُوهُمْ وَإِنْ وَجَدْتُمُوهُمْ مُتَعَلِّقِينَ بِأَسْتَارِ الْكَعْبَةِ عِكْرِمَةَ بْنَ أَبِي جَهْلٍ وَعَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ خَطَلٍ وَمَقِيسَ بْنَ صُبَابَةَ وَعَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ أَبِي سَرْحٍ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said on the day of the conquest of Mecca: "There are four people who I do not guarantee their safety in a state of ihram or in the sanctuary: Al-Huwayrith ibn Mabad, Maqis, Hilal ibn Khatl, and Abdullah ibn Abi Sarh. As for Al-Huwayrith, Ali killed him. As for Maqis, his cousin killed him mistakenly. As for Hilal ibn Khatl, Az-Zubayr killed him. As for Abdullah ibn Abi Sarh, Uthman ibn Affan granted him amnesty. Uthman was his foster brother, and two foster sisters used to sing praises about the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. One of them was killed, while the other escaped and embraced Islam."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ يَوْمَ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ أَرْبَعَةٌ لَا أُؤَمِّنُهُمْ فِي حِلٍّ وَلَا فِي حَرَمٍ الْحُوَيْرِثُ بْنُ مَعْبَدٍ وَمَقِيسٌ وَهِلَالُ بْنُ خَطَلٍ وَعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أَبِي سَرْحٍ فَأَمَّا الْحُوَيْرِثُ فَقَتَلَهُ عَلِيٌّ ؓ وَأَمَّا مَقِيسٌ فَقَتَلَهُ ابْنُ عَمٍّ لَهُ لَحًّا وَأَمَّا هِلَالُ بْنُ خَطَلٍ فَقَتَلَهُ الزُّبَيْرُ ؓ وَأَمَّا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أَبِي سَرْحٍ فَاسْتَأْمَنَ لَهُ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ ؓ وَكَانَ أَخَاهُ مِنَ الرَّضَاعَةِ وَقَيْنَتَيْنِ كَانَتَا لِمِقْيَسٍ تُغَنِّيَانِ بِهِجَاءِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قُتِلَتْ إِحْدَاهُمَا وَأَفْلَتَتِ الْأُخْرَى وَأَسْلَمَتْ  

Abu Shuraih said, "When ʿAmr bin Saʿid was sending the troops to Mecca (to fight ʿAbdullah bin Az- Zubair) I said to him, 'O chief! Allow me to tell you what the Prophet ﷺ said on the day following the conquests of Mecca. My ears heard and my heart comprehended, and I saw him with my own eyes, when he said it. He glorified and praised Allah and then said, "Allah and not the people has made Mecca a sanctuary. So anybody who has belief in Allah and the Last Day (i.e. a Muslim) should neither shed blood in it nor cut down its trees. If anybody argues that fighting is allowed in Mecca as Messenger of Allah ﷺ did fight (in Mecca), tell him that Allah gave permission to His Apostle, but He did not give it to you. The Prophet ﷺ added: Allah allowed me only for a few hours on that day (of the conquest) and today (now) its sanctity is the same (valid) as it was before. So it is incumbent upon those who are present to convey it (this information) to those who are absent." Abu- Shuraih was asked, "What did ʿAmr reply?" He said ʿAmr said, "O Abu Shuraih! I know better than you (in this respect). Mecca does not give protection to one who disobeys (Allah) or runs after committing murder, or theft (and takes refuge in Mecca). (Using translation from Bukhārī 104)   

أَنَّهُ قَالَ لِعَمْرِو بْنِ سَعِيدٍ وَهُوَ يَبْعَثُ الْبُعُوثَ إِلَى مَكَّةَ ائْذَنْ لِي أَيُّهَا الْأَمِيرُ أُحَدِّثْكَ قَوْلًا قَامَ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْغَدَ مِنْ يَوْمِ الْفَتْحِ سَمِعَتْهُ أُذُنَايَ وَوَعَاهُ قَلْبِي وَأَبْصَرَتْهُ عَيْنَايَ حِينَ تَكَلَّمَ بِهِ حَمِدَ اللهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ مَكَّةَ حَرَّمَهَا اللهُ وَلَمْ يُحَرِّمْهَا النَّاسُ فَلَا يَحِلُّ لِامْرِئٍ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ أَنْ يَسْفِكَ فِيهَا دَمًا وَلَا يَعْضِدَ بِهَا شَجَرَةً وَإِنْ أَحَدٌ تَرَخَّصَ لِقِتَالِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقُولُوا إِنَّ اللهَ قَدْ أَذِنَ لِرَسُولِهِ وَلَمْ يَأْذَنْ لَكُمْ وَإِنَّمَا أَذِنَ لِي سَاعَةً مِنْ نَهَارٍ وَقَدْ عَادَتْ حُرْمَتُهَا الْيَوْمَ كَحُرْمَتِهَا بِالْأَمْسِ وَلْيُبَلِّغِ الشَّاهِدُ الْغَائِبَ فَقِيلَ لِأَبِي شُرَيْحٍ مَا قَالَ لَكَ عَمْرٌو؟ فَقَالَ قَالَ عَمْرٌو أَنَا أَعْلَمُ بِذَلِكَ مِنْكَ يَا أَبَا شُرَيْحٍ إِنَّ الْحَرَمَ لَا يُعِيذُ عَاصِيًا وَلَا فَارًّا بِدَمٍ وَلَا فَارًّا بِخَرْبَةٍ  

[Machine] Al-Shafi'i said, "The meaning of this, and Allah knows best, is that it has not been permitted for war to be waged against it (i.e., Mecca) until it becomes like any other place. The Prophet ﷺ commanded when 'Asim ibn Thabit and Khubayb were killed, as a retaliation for Abu Sufyan's killing, in a house in Mecca during the sacred months. This indicates that it does not prevent anyone from doing something that is obligatory upon him, and that it is only prevented from being attacked by war, as opposed to other places."  

قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ ؓ إِنَّمَا مَعْنَى ذَلِكَ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ أَنَّهَا لَمْ يُحَلَّلْ أَنْ يُنْصَبَ عَلَيْهَا الْحَرْبُ حَتَّى تَكُونَ كَغَيْرِهَا فَقَدْ أَمَرَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عِنْدَمَا قُتِلَ عَاصِمُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ وَخُبَيْبٌ بِقَتْلِ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ فِي دَارٍ بِمَكَّةَ غِيلَةً إِنْ قُدِرَ عَلَيْهِ وَهَذَا فِي الْوَقْتِ الَّذِي كَانَتْ فِيهِ مُحَرَّمَةً فَدَلَّ عَلَى أَنَّهَا لَا تَمْنَعُ أَحَدًا مِنْ شَيْءٍ وَجَبَ عَلَيْهِ وَأَنَّهَا إِنَّمَا يُمْنَعُ مِنْ أَنْ يُنْصَبَ عَلَيْهَا الْحَرْبُ كَمَا يُنْصَبُ عَلَى غَيْرِهَا