59. Jizyah
٥٩۔ كِتَابُ الْجِزْيَةِ
[Machine] Saeed bin Abdul Aziz said that the Arabian Peninsula extends from the valley to the furthest point in Yemen, to the borders of Iraq, and to the sea.
قَالَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ جَزِيرَةُ الْعَرَبِ مَا بَيْنَ الْوَادِي إِلَى أَقْصَى الْيَمَنِ إِلَى تُخُومِ الْعِرَاقِ إِلَى الْبَحْرِ
[Machine] The Arabian Peninsula extends from the wells of Abu Musa to the furthest point in Yemen in terms of length. As for the width, it stretches from the dunes of Yabreen to the distant heavens. Al-Asma'i said that the Arabian Peninsula extends from the furthest point of Aden to the outskirts of Iraq in terms of length, and as for the width, it extends from Jeddah and its surroundings along the coast to the edges of al-Sham.
جَزِيرَةُ الْعَرَبِ مَا بَيْنَ حُفَرِ أَبِي مُوسَى إِلَى أَقْصَى الْيَمَنِ فِي الطُّولِ وَأَمَّا الْعَرْضُ فَمَا بَيْنَ رَمْلِ يَبْرِينَ إِلَى مُنْقَطَعِ السَّمَاوَةِ قَالَ وَقَالَ الْأَصْمَعِيُّ جَزِيرَةُ الْعَرَبِ مِنْ أَقْصَى عَدَنِ أَبْيَنَ إِلَى رِيفِ الْعِرَاقِ فِي الطُّولِ وَأَمَّا الْعَرْضُ فَمِنْ جُدَّةَ وَمَا وَالِاهَا مِنْ سَاحِلِ الْبَحْرِ إِلَى أَطْرَافِ الشَّامِ
[Machine] Abu Abdulrahman, which is Al-Muqri's nickname, said: "The Arabian Peninsula stretches from Al-Qadisiyah to the depths of Aden to Bahrain."
قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ يَعْنِي الْمُقْرِيَّ جَزِيرَةُ الْعَرَبِ مِنْ لَدُنِ الْقَادِسِيَّةِ إِلَى لَدُنْ قَعْرِ عَدَنَ إِلَى الْبَحْرَيْنِ
[Machine] Malik and Umar said: "The people of Najran were expelled, but they were not expelled from Tayma because it is not part of Arab lands. As for the valley, I think that the Jews who lived there did not see it as part of Arab lands. Abu Sa'id ibn Abi 'Amr informed us, Abu al-Abbas al-Asamm narrated to us, Al-Rabi'i informed us, saying: Al-Shafi'i said, when asked who should pay the jizya, to give it and have the ruling applied to him, that he should reside in the Hijaz, that it does not apply to him. The Hijaz consists of Makkah, Madinah, Yamamah, and its outskirts. Al-Shafi'i said, "And I do not know of anyone who was expelled from the Dhimmis of Yemen, and they had a treaty, and Yemen is not part of the Hijaz, so no one from Yemen expels them, and there is no harm in reconciling with them in their place in Yemen." The Sheikh said, " They considered Yemen as part of Arab lands, and the expulsion was applied to the people of Najran, but the treaty of the people of the Hijaz did not include the people of Yemen because it is not part of the Hijaz, not because they did not see it as part of Arab lands." The term "expulsion" in the Hadith refers to a specific meaning, and in the Hadith of Samurah from Abu Ubaydah ibn al-Jarrah, there is evidence or a semblance of evidence for the specific context. And Allah knows best.
قَالَ مَالِكٌ عُمَرُ ؓ أَجْلَى أَهْلَ نَجْرَانَ وَلَمْ يُجْلَوْا مِنْ تَيْمَاءَ لِأَنَّهَا لَيْسَتْ مِنْ بِلَادِ الْعَرَبِ فَأَمَّا الْوَادِي فَإِنِّي أَرَى أَنَّمَا لَا يُجْلَى مَنْ فِيهَا مِنَ الْيَهُودِ أَنَّهُمْ لَمْ يَرَوْهَا مِنْ أَرْضِ الْعَرَبِ 18759 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ الْأَصَمُّ أَنْبَأَ الرَّبِيعُ قَالَ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَإِنْ سَأَلَ مَنْ يُؤْخَذُ مِنْهُ الْجِزْيَةَ أَنْ يُعْطِيَهَا وَيَجْرِيَ عَلَيْهِ الْحُكْمُ عَلَى أَنْ يَسْكُنَ الْحِجَازَ لَمْ يَكُنْ ذَلِكَ لَهُ وَالْحِجَازُ مَكَّةُ وَالْمَدِينَةُ وَالْيَمَامَةُ وَمَخَالِيفُهَا كُلُّهَا قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَلَمْ أَعْلَمْ أَحَدًا أُجْلِيَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ مِنَ الْيَمَنِ وَقَدْ كَانَتْ بِهَا ذِمَّةٌ وَلَيْسَتِ الْيَمَنُ بِحِجَازٍ فَلَا يُجْلِيهِمْ أَحَدٌ مِنَ الْيَمَنِ وَلَا بَأْسَ أَنْ يُصَالِحَهُمْ عَلَى مَقَامِهِمْ بِالْيَمَنِ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ قَدْ جَعَلُوا الْيَمَنَ مِنْ أَرْضِ الْعَرَبِ وَالْجَلَاءُ وَقَعَ عَلَى أَهْلِ نَجْرَانَ وَذِمَّةُ أَهْلِ الْحِجَازِ دُونَ ذِمَّةِ أَهْلِ الْيَمَنِ؛ لِأَنَّهَا لَيْسَتْ بِحِجَازٍ لَا لِأَنَّهُمْ لَمْ يَرَوْهَا مِنْ أَرْضِ الْعَرَبِ وَالْجَلَاءُ فِي الْحَدِيثِ تَخْصِيصٌ وَفِي حَدِيثِ سَمُرَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ بْنِ الْجَرَّاحِ ؓ دَلِيلٌ أَوْ شِبْهُ دَلِيلٍ عَلَى مَوْضِعِ الْخُصُوصِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ
[Machine] We went out with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ from Khaybar towards Wadi Al-Qura. He mentioned the Hadith about the conquest of Wadi Al-Qura. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ stayed in Wadi Al-Qura for four days and distributed what had been acquired among his companions. He left the land and the date palms in the hands of the Jews and dealt with them accordingly. When Umar bin Al-Khattab came, he expelled the Jews of Khaybar and Fadak, but he did not expel the people of Tayma and Wadi Al-Qura because they are part of the land of Sham (Syria). We believe that what is below Wadi Al-Qura towards Al-Madinah is considered Hijaz, and what is beyond that is considered Sham. The Shaykh said, "This last statement, I think it is from the saying of Al-Waqidi."
خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مِنْ خَيْبَرَ إِلَى وَادِي الْقُرَى فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ فِي فَتْحِ وَادِي الْقُرَى قَالَ فَأَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِوَادِي الْقُرَى أَرْبَعَةَ أَيَّامٍ وَقَسَمَ مَا أَصَابَ عَلَى أَصْحَابِهِ بِوَادِي الْقُرَى وَتَرَكَ الْأَرْضَ وَالنَّخْلَ بِأَيْدِي يَهُودَ وَعَامَلَهُمْ عَلَيْهَا فَلَمَّا كَانَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ أَخْرَجَ يَهُودَ خَيْبَرَ وَفَدَكَ وَلَمْ يُخْرِجْ أَهْلَ تَيْمَاءَ وَوَادِي الْقُرَى؛ لِأَنَّهُمَا دَاخِلَتَانِ فِي أَرْضِ الشَّامِ وَنَرَى أَنَّ مَا دُونَ وَادِي الْقُرَى إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ حِجَازٌ وَأَنَّ مَا وَرَاءَ ذَلِكَ شَامٌ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ هَذَا الْكَلَامُ الْأَخِيرُ أَظُنُّهُ مِنْ قَوْلِ الْوَاقِدِيِّ
[Machine] I heard Malik ibn Anas saying that the Arabian Peninsula includes Medina, Mecca, and Yemen. As for Egypt, it belongs to the lands of the Maghreb, while Syria belongs to the lands of the Romans, and Iraq belongs to the lands of Persia.
سَمِعْتُ مَالِكَ بْنَ أَنَسٍ يَقُولُ جَزِيرَةُ الْعَرَبِ الْمَدِينَةُ وَمَكَّةُ وَالْيَمَنُ فَأَمَّا مِصْرُ فَمِنْ بِلَادِ الْمَغْرِبِ وَالشَّامُ مِنْ بِلَادِ الرُّومِ وَالْعِرَاقُ مِنْ بِلَادْ فَارِسَ