[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to 'Amr bin Umaya Ad-Damri and Salama bin Aslam bin Harith: "Go out until you meet Abu Sufyan bin Harb. If you find him alone, kill him." Then he narrated a story about Muawiyah seeing 'Amr and informing him about it. And that 'Amr bin Umaya and Salama bin Aslam sought refuge in a mountain and hid in a cave. Then 'Amr bin Umaya left and killed Ubaidullah bin Malik, the cousin of Talhah bin Ubaidullah, and came to Khubayb bin 'Adiy while he was crucified. He brought him down and covered him with soil. Then he mentioned their return to Medina separately.  

رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لِعَمْرِو بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ الضَّمْرِيِّ وَسَلَمَةَ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ بْنِ حَرِيشٍ اخْرُجَا حَتَّى تَأْتِيَا أَبَا سُفْيَانَ بْنَ حَرْبٍ فَإِنْ أَصَبْتُمَا مِنْهُ غِرَّةً فَاقْتُلَاهُ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ قِصَّةً فِي رُؤْيَةِ مُعَاوِيَةَ عَمْرًا وَإِخْبَارِهِ إِيَّاهُ بِذَلِكَ وَأَنَّ عَمْرَو بْنَ أُمَيَّةَ وَسَلَمَةَ بْنَ أَسْلَمَ أَسْنَدَا فِي الْجَبَلِ وَتَغَيَّبَا فِي غَارٍ ثُمَّ إِنَّ عَمْرَو بْنَ أُمَيَّةَ خَرَجَ فَقَتَلَ عُبَيْدَ اللهِ بْنَ مَالِكٍ ابْنَ أَخِي طَلْحَةَ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ وَجَاءَ إِلَى خُبَيْبِ بْنِ عَدِيٍّ وَهُوَ مَصْلُوبٌ فَأَنْزَلَهُ وَأَهَالَ عَلَيْهِ التُّرَابَ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ رُجُوعَهُمَا مُنْفَرِدَيْنِ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said on the day of the conquest of Mecca, "No battle will be fought after this day until the Day of Resurrection."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ لَا تُغْزَى بَعْدَهَا إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ  

[Machine] He killed or stole in a state of ritual purity and then entered the sanctuary. Indeed, he is not allowed to sit, speak, or be harmed, nor should he be approached until he leaves. Once he leaves, whatever afflictions he experienced will be established upon him. If he killed or stole while in a state of ritual impurity, and then he entered the sanctuary and they intended to establish upon him the afflictions he experienced, they would remove him from the sanctuary to the state of ritual purity. And if he killed or stole in the sanctuary, the afflictions would be established upon him in the sanctuary. The scholar, may Allah have mercy on him, said: This is the opinion of Ibn Abbas, and we have left it according to the apparent rulings that have been mentioned regarding the establishment of punishments, without specifying the sanctuary by leaving them in it. And Allah knows best.  

قَتَلَ أَوْ سَرَقَ فِي الْحِلِّ ثُمَّ دَخَلَ فِي الْحَرَمِ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يُجَالَسُ وَلَا يُكَلَّمُ وَلَا يُؤْذَى وَيُنَاشَدُ حَتَّى يَخْرُجَ فَإِذَا خَرَجَ أُقِيمَ عَلَيْهِ مَا أَصَابَ فَإِنْ قَتَلَ أَوْ سَرَقَ فِي الْحِلِّ ثُمَّ أُدْخِلَ الْحَرَمَ فَأَرَادُوا أَنْ يُقِيمُوا عَلَيْهِ مَا أَصَابَ أَخْرَجُوهُ مِنَ الْحَرَمِ إِلَى الْحِلِّ وَإِنْ قَتَلَ أَوْ سَرَقَ فِي الْحَرَمِ أُقِيمَ عَلَيْهِ فِي الْحَرَمِ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَهَذَا مِِنْ رَأْيِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ؓ وَقَدْ تَرَكْنَاهُ بِالظَّوَاهِرِ الَّتِي وَرَدَتْ فِي إِقَامَةِ الْحُدُودِ دُونَ تَخْصِيصِ الْحَرَمِ بِتَرْكِهَا فِيهِ مِنْ صَاحِبِ الشَّرِيعَةِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ  

[Machine] That Uqaydar presented a cloak to the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ , and he wore it, and mentioned the conversation.  

أَنَّ أُكَيْدِرَ دُومَةَ أَهْدَى إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ جُبَّةً فَلَبِسَهَا وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ  

We were one-hundred and thirty persons accompanying the Prophet ﷺ who asked us whether anyone of us had food. There was a man who had about a Sa of wheat which was mixed with water then. A very tall pagan came driving sheep. The Prophet ﷺ asked him, "Will you sell us (a sheep) or give it as a present?" He said, "I will sell you (a sheep)." The Prophet ﷺ bought a sheep and it was slaughtered. The Prophet ordered that its liver and other Abdominal organs be roasted. By Allah, the Prophet ﷺ gave every person of the one-hundred-and-thirty a piece of that; he gave all those of them who were present; and kept the shares of those who were absent. The Prophet ﷺ then put its meat in two huge basins and all of them ate to their fill, and even then more food was left in the two basins which were carried on the camel (or said something like it). (Using translation from Bukhārī 2618)   

كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ ثَلَاثِينَ وَمِائَةً فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ هَلْ مَعَ أَحَدٍ مِنْكُمْ طَعَامٌ؟ فَإِذَا مَعَ رَجُلٍ صَاعٌ مِنْ طَعَامٍ أَوْ نَحْوُهُ فَعُجِنَ ثُمَّ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ مُشْرِكٌ مُشْعَانٌّ طَوِيلٌ بِغَنَمٍ يَسُوقُهَا قَالَ أَبَيْعٌ أَوْ عَطِيَّةٌ؟ أَوْ قَالَ أَمْ هِبَةٌ؟ فَقَالَ بَلْ بَيْعٌ قَالَ فَاشْتَرَى مِنْهَا شَاةً فَصُنِعَتْ فَأَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِسَوَادِ الْبَطْنِ أَنْ يُشْوَى وَايْمُ اللهِ مَا مِنَ الثَّلَاثِينَ وَالْمِائَةِ إِلَّا قَدْ حَزَّ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ حُزَّةً مِنْ سَوَادِ بَطْنِهَا إِنْ كَانَ شَاهِدًا أَعْطَاهُ وَإِنْ كَانَ غَائِبًا خَبَأَ لَهُ قَالَ وَجَعَلَ مِنْهَا قَصْعَتَيْنِ قَالَ فَأَكَلْنَا أَجْمَعُونَ وَشَبِعْنَا وَفَضَلَ فِي الْقَصْعَتَيْنِ فَحَمَلْنَاهُ عَلَى الْبَعِيرِ أَوْ كَمَا قَالَ  

[Machine] I traveled with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to Tabuk, and he mentioned in a hadith: "And Mālik al-Aylah gifted the Messenger of Allah ﷺ a white she-camel, so the Prophet ﷺ covered it with a garment and wrote for him in his favor with his sea. And he mentioned the hadith."  

سَافَرْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَى تَبُوكَ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ قَالَ فِيهِ وَأَهْدَى مَلِكُ الَأَيْلَةِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ بَغْلَةً بَيْضَاءَ فَكَسَاهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بُرْدَةً وَكَتَبَ لَهُ بِبَحْرِهِمْ وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ  

[Machine] I met Bilal, the muezzin of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , and I said, "O Bilal, tell me about the expenditures of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ?" He mentioned a hadith in which he said, "When someone is asked to give, he calls out, 'O Bilal, respond to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ !' So I went until I reached him (the Prophet) and there were four wooden stakes with their loads tied on them. I sought permission and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to me, 'Be glad, for Allah has granted you your provision.' Then he said, 'Did you not see these four wooden stakes?' I said, 'Yes.' He said, 'They are yours and whatever is on them. They are a gift that has been presented to me, so take it and fulfill your debts.' So, I did."  

لَقِيتُ بِلَالًا مُؤَذِّنَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقُلْتُ يَا بِلَالُ حَدِّثْنِي كَيْفَ كَانَتْ نَفَقَةُ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ؟ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ قَالَ فِيهِ فَإِذَا إِنْسَانٌ يَسْعَى يَدْعُو يَا بِلَالُ أَجِبْ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَانْطَلَقْتُ حَتَّى أَتَيْتُهُ فَإِذَا أَرْبَعُ رَكَائِبَ مُنَاخَاتٍ عَلَيْهِنَّ أَحْمَالُهُنَّ فَاسْتَأْذَنْتُ فَقَالَ لِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَبْشِرْ فَقَدْ جَاءَكَ اللهُ بِقَضَائِكَ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الرَّكَائِبِ الْمُنَاخَاتِ الْأَرْبَعِ؟ فَقُلْتُ بَلَى فَقَالَ إِنَّ لَكَ رِقَابَهُنَّ وَمَا عَلَيْهِنَّ فَإِنَّ عَلَيْهِنَّ كِسْوَةً وَطَعَامًا أَهْدَاهُنَّ إِلِيَّ عَظِيمُ فَدَكَ فَاقْبِضْهُنَّ وَاقْضِ دَيْنَكَ فَفَعَلْتُ  

[Machine] Kisra gave a gift to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and he accepted it. Qaysar also gave a gift to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and he accepted it. The kings also gave him gifts and he accepted them. Al-Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, said: "In the past, Abu Sufyan ibn Harb gave a gift to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in the form of a cloak and he accepted it. The companion of Alexandria, Maria, the mother of Ibrahim, also gave him a gift and he accepted it. Others also gave him gifts and he did not differentiate between Muslims based on that."  

أَهْدَى كِسْرَى إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَبِلَ مِنْهُ وَأَهْدَى قَيْصَرُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَبِلَ مِنْهُ وَأَهْدَتْ لَهُ الْمُلُوكُ فَقَبِلَ مِنْهُمْ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ فِي الْقَدِيمِ قَدْ أَهْدَى أَبُو سُفْيَانَ بْنُ حَرْبٍ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَدَمًا فَقَبِلَ مِنْهُ وَأَهْدَى إِلَيْهِ صَاحِبُ الْإِسْكَنْدَرِيَّةِ مَارِيَةَ أُمَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ فَقَبِلَهَا وَغَيْرُهُمَا قَدْ أَهْدَى إِلَيْهِ وَلَمْ يَجْعَلْ ذَلِكَ بَيْنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ  

[Machine] I presented a camel or a gift to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , and he said, "Have you embraced Islam?" I said, "No." He said, "I have been forbidden to accept the offerings of polytheists." Abu Bakr narrated to us, Abdullah narrated to us, Yunus narrated to us, Abu Dawood narrated to us, Hammad ibn Zaid narrated to us, Abu Tayyah narrated to us, and Al-Hasan narrated to us from Iyad ibn Himar that he said, "I presented a gift or a camel to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , and he asked me, 'Have you embraced Islam?' I said, 'No,' so he refused to accept it and said, 'We do not accept the offerings of polytheists.' I asked Al-Hasan, 'What does 'the offerings of polytheists' mean?' He said, 'It means their charity.' The sheikh (scholar) maintains that he may reject the prohibited offering and it may lead him to embrace Islam. The reports regarding the acceptance of their gifts are more authentic and abundant, and success is sought from Allah.

Note: The passage provided is a translation of a hadith (a saying or an action of the Islamic prophet Muhammad) recorded in Arabic.  

أَهْدَيْتُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ نَاقَةً أَوْ هَدِيَّةً فَقَالَ أَسْلَمْتَ؟ قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ إِنِّي نُهِيتُ عَنْ زَبْدِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ ثنا يُونُسُ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ ثنا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ ثنا أَبُو التَّيَّاحِ ثنا الْحَسَنُ عَنْ عِيَاضِ بْنِ حِمَارٍ ؓ قَالَ أَهْدَيْتُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ هَدِيَّةً أَوْ قَالَ نَاقَةً فَقَالَ لِي أَسْلَمْتَ؟ قُلْتُ لَا فَأَبَى أَنْ يَقْبَلَهَا وَقَالَ إِنَّا لَا نَقْبَلُ زَبْدَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ قُلْتُ لِلْحَسَنِ مَا زَبْدُ الْمُشْرِكِينَ؟ قَالَ رِفْدُهُمْ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ يَحْتَمِلُ رَدُّهُ هَدِيَّتَهُ التَّحْرِيمَ وَيَحْتَمِلُ التَّنْزِيهَ وَقَدْ يَغِيظُهُ بِرَدِّ هَدِيَّتِهِ فَيَحْمِلُهُ ذَلِكَ عَلَى الْإِسْلَامِ وَالْأَخْبَارُ فِي قَبُولِ هَدَايَاهُمْ أَصَحُّ وَأَكْثَرُ وَبِاللهِ التَّوْفِيقُ  

[Machine] And they should not immerse their children.  

وَأَنْ لَا يَغْمِسُوا أَوْلَادَهُمْ  

[Machine] "That they should not be compelled in a religion other than their own, as Dawud used to say, 'There is no obligation except for those who have submitted willingly'."  

أَنْ لَا يُكْرَهُوا عَلَى دِينٍ غَيْرِ دِينِهِمْ فَكَانَ دَاوُدُ يَقُولُ مَا لِبَنِي تَغْلِبَ ذِمَّةٌ؛ قَدْ صَبَغُوا  

[Machine] That they do not immerse any of their children in Christianity and that the charity is doubled for them. He said, and Ubada said, "They have done so, and it is not their covenant." 18797 Abu Sa'eed ibn Abi 'Amr informed us that Abu Al-'Abbas narrated that Ar-Rabi' said that Ash-Shafi'i said after this hadith, and this is how the people of Maghazi have memorized it and transmitted it better than this context, so they said, "It was aimed at them in terms of jizyah." They said, "We are Arabs; we do not pay what the non-Arabs pay. But take from us as some of you take from others, meaning charity." So 'Umar said, "No, this is an obligation on the Muslims." So they said, "Increase as much as you want with this name, not with the name of jizyah." So he did, and they agreed that the charity be weakened for them.  

أَنْ لَا يَغْمِسُوا أَحَدًا مِنْ أَوْلَادِهِمْ فِي النَّصْرَانِيَّةِ وَتُضَاعَفَ عَلَيْهِمُ الصَّدَقَةُ قَالَ وَكَانَ عُبَادَةُ يَقُولُ قَدْ فَعَلُوا وَلَا عَهْدَ لَهُمْ 18797 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ أَنْبَأَ الرَّبِيعُ قَالَ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ عُقَيْبَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ وَهَكَذَا حَفِظَ أَهْلُ الْمَغَازِي وَسَاقُوهُ أَحْسَنَ مِنْ هَذَا السِّيَاقِ فَقَالُوا رَامَهُمْ عَلَى الْجِزْيَةِ فَقَالُوا نَحْنُ عَرَبٌ لَا نُؤَدِّي مَا يُؤَدِّي الْعَجَمُ وَلَكِنْ خُذْ مِنَّا كَمَا يَأْخُذُ بَعْضُكُمْ مِنْ بَعْضٍ يَعْنُونَ الصَّدَقَةَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ لَا هَذَا فَرْضٌ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَقَالُوا فَزِدْ مَا شِئْتَ بِهَذَا الِاسْمِ لَا بِاسْمِ الْجِزْيَةِ فَفَعَلَ فَتَرَاضَى هُوَ وَهُمْ عَلَى أَنْ ضَعَّفَ عَلَيْهِمُ الصَّدَقَةَ  

[Machine] "The Arab Christians are [considered] people of the book, and it is permissible for us to consume their sacrificial animals. I will not abandon them until they surrender or we strike their necks." Ash-Shafi'i said, "We only left them to force them to convert to Islam or strike their necks, because the Messenger of Allah ﷺ took the jizyah from the Arab Christians, and 'Umar, 'Uthman, and 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with them) have agreed to it. Although 'Umar said this, it is not permissible for us to marry their women because Allah, may He be glorified and exalted, has only permitted us to marry from the people of the book upon whom the revelation was sent."  

نَصَارَى الْعَرَبِ بِأَهْلِ كِتَابٍ وَمَا يَحِلُّ لَنَا ذَبَائِحُهُمْ وَمَا أَنَا بِتَارِكِهِمْ حَتَّى يُسْلِمُوا أَوْ أَضْرِبَ أَعْنَاقَهُمْ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَإِنَّمَا تَرَكْنَا أَنْ نُجْبِرَهُمْ عَلَى الْإِسْلَامِ أَوْ نَضْرِبَ أَعْنَاقَهُمْ؛ لِأَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَخَذَ الْجِزْيَةَ مِنْ نَصَارَى الْعَرَبِ وَأَنَّ عُمَرَ وَعُثْمَانَ وَعَلِيًّا ؓ قَدْ أَقَرُّوهُمْ وَإِنْ كَانَ عُمَرُ قَدْ قَالَ هَذَا لِذَلِكَ لَا يَحِلُّ لَنَا نِكَاحُ نِسَائِهِمْ؛ لِأَنَّ اللهَ جَلَّ ثَنَاؤُهُ إِنَّمَا أَحَلَّ لَنَا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِمْ نَزَلَ  

[Machine] "Do not eat it, for they have not adhered to anything of their religion except for drinking alcohol."  

لَا تَأْكُلُوهُ فَإِنَّهُمْ لَمْ يَتَعَلَّقُوا مِنْ دِينِهِمْ بِشَيْءٍ إِلَّا بِشُرْبِ الْخَمْرِ  

‘Ali said “If I survive for the Christians of Banu Taghlib I shall kill fighters and captivate children for I had written a document between them and the Prophet ﷺ to the effect that they would not make their children Christian. Abu Dawud said “This is rejected (munkar) tradition and it has reached me from Ahmad (bin Hanbal) that he used to reject this tradition seriously. Abu ‘Ali said “Abu Dawud did not present this (tradition) in this second reading.” (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3040)   

قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ؓ لَئِنْ بَقِيتُ لِنَصَارَى بَنِي تَغْلِبَ لَأَقْتُلَنَّ الْمُقَاتِلَةَ وَلَأَسْبِيَنَّ الذُّرِّيَّةَ فَإِنِّي كَتَبْتُ الْكِتَابَ بَيْنَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَبَيْنَهُمْ عَلَى أَنْ لَا يُنَصِّرُوا أَبْنَاءَهُمْ  

[Machine] "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ reported about the sacrifice of the Arab Christians. This chain of transmission is weak, and it has been narrated in contradiction with Ibn Abbas."  

رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَنْ ذَبِيحَةِ نَصَارَى الْعَرَبِ هَذَا إِسْنَادٌ ضَعِيفٌ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ؓ بِخِلَافِهِ  

[Machine] And recite this verse: "And whoever allies himself with them from among you, then indeed, he is one of them." [Al-Ma'idah 51] And Abu Abdullah Al-Hafiz informed us, narrating from Abu Bakr ibn Balwayh, narrating from Ahmad ibn Ali Al-Jazzaar, narrating from Khalid ibn Khidash, narrating from Abdullah ibn Wahb, who informed me, Malik, from Thawr ibn Zaid, from Ikrimah, from Ibn Abbas, who mentioned it in a similar manner. Abu Zakariyya ibn Abi Ishaq and Abu Bakr ibn Al Hassan narrated to us, narrating from Abu Al Abbas Muhammad ibn Ya'qub, who was informed by Rabi'a ibn Sulaiman, who was informed by Al-Shafi'i, who said, "By the one whose narration is known regarding the permissibility of their slaughtered animals, it is indeed a narration from Ikrimah." Ibn Al Darawardi and Ibn Abi Yahya narrated it from Thawr Al-Dili, from Ikrimah, from Ibn Abbas, that he was asked about the slaughtered animals of the Christian Arabs, and he answered with a statement attributed to him: "It is permissible." And recite: "And whoever allies himself with them from among you, then indeed, he is one of them." [Al-Ma'idah 51]. However, our companion, may Allah have mercy on him, remained silent regarding the names of Ikrimah and Thawr ibn Zaid. Ibn Abbas did not mention them in most of the narrations from him, as if he did not see them as means of evidence. And Thawr Al-Dili, it is only through him that this narration is known.  

وَتَلَا هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ {وَمَنْ يَتَوَلَّهُمْ مِنْكُمْ فَإِنَّهُ مِنْهُمْ} [المائدة 51] 18803 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ ثنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ بَالَوَيْهِ ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْجَزَّارُ ثنا خَالِدُ بْنُ خِدَاشٍ ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ وَهْبٍ أَخْبَرَنِي مَالِكٌ عَنْ ثَوْرِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ؓ فَذَكَرَهُ بِمِثْلِهِ 18804 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ وَأَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ قَالَا ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ أنبأ الشَّافِعِيُّ قَالَ وَالَّذِي يُرْوَى مِنْ حَدِيثِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي إِحْلَالِ ذَبَائِحِهِمْ إِنَّمَا هُوَ مِنْ حَدِيثِ عِكْرِمَةَ أَخْبَرَنِيهِ ابْنُ الدَّرَاوَرْدِيِّ وَابْنُ أَبِي يَحْيَى عَنْ ثَوْرٍ الدِّيلِيِّ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ؓ أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ ذَبَائِحِ نَصَارَى الْعَرَبِ فَقَالَ قَوْلًا حَكَيَاهُ هُوَ إِحْلَالُهَا وَتَلَا {وَمَنْ يَتَوَلَّهُمْ مِنْكُمْ فَإِنَّهُ مِنْهُمْ} [المائدة 51] وَلَكِنَّ صَاحِبَنَا سَكَتَ عَنِ اسْمِ عِكْرِمَةَ وَثَوْرٌ لَمْ يَلْقَ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ يَعْنِي بِصَاحِبِنَا مَالِكَ بْنَ أَنَسٍ لَمْ يَذْكُرْ عِكْرِمَةَ فِي أَكْثَرِ الرِّوَايَاتِ عَنْهُ وَكَأَنَّهُ كَانَ لَا يَرَى أَنْ يُحْتَجَّ بِهِ وَثَوْرٌ الدِّيلِيُّ إِنَّمَا  

[Machine] 'Omar sent me to the Christians of Banī Taghlib and commanded me to take half of their wealth from them, and he forbade me to take any money from a Muslim or a protected non-Muslim who pays tribute. By "Muslim" he means anyone who converts to Islam from among them, because he was only sent to the Christians of Banī Taghlib. And his saying "or a protected non-Muslim who pays tribute" means that the people under protection are not to be taxed on their livestock or a tenth of their crops and fruits, except for the people of Banī Taghlib, because they agreed to that. The scholar said: It is possible that those who were under his authority among the people of protection were not required to give a tenth of their wealth that they traded with.'  

بَعَثَنِي عُمَرُ ؓ إِلَى نَصَارَى بَنِي تَغْلِبَ وَأَمَرَنِي أَنْ آخُذَ مِنْهُمْ نِصْفَ عُشْرِ أَمْوَالِهِمْ وَنَهَانِي أَنْ أَعْشُرَ مُسْلِمًا أَوْ ذَا ذِمَّةٍ يُؤَدِّي الْخَرَاجَ قَالَ يَعْنِي فِيمَا أَظُنُّ بِقَوْلِهِ مُسْلِمًا يَقُولُ مَنْ أَسْلَمَ مِنْهُمْ لِأَنَّهُ إِنَّمَا أُرْسِلَ إِلَى نَصَارَى بَنِي تَغْلِبَ وَقَوْلُهُ أَوْ ذَا ذِمَّةٍ يُؤَدِّي الْخَرَاجَ يَقُولُ إِنَّ أَهْلَ الذِّمَّةِ لَا يُعْرَضُ لَهُمْ فِي مَوَاشِيهِمْ وَلَا فِي عُشْرِ زُرُوعِهِمْ وَثِمَارِهِمْ إِلَّا بَنِي تَغْلِبَ؛ لِأَنَّهُمْ صُولِحُوا عَلَى ذَلِكَ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ وَيُحْتَمَلُ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِي صُلْحِ أُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا فِي وِلَايَتِهِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ تَعْشِيرُ أَمْوَالِهِمُ الَّتِي يَتَّجِرُونَ بِهَا  

[Machine] Umar wrote to me that Banu Tughlib should not be given a tribute more than once a year.  

كَتَبَ إِلِيَّ عُمَرُ أَلَّا تُعَشِّرَ بَنِي تَغْلِبَ فِي السَّنَةِ إِلَّا مَرَّةً  

(whose narrations attest each other) Messenger of Allah ﷺ set out at the time of Al-Hudaibiya (treaty), and when they proceeded for a distance, he said, "Khalid bin Al-Walid leading the cavalry of Quraish constituting the front of the army, is at a place called Al-Ghamim, so take the way on the right." By Allah, Khalid did not perceive the arrival of the Muslims till the dust arising from the march of the Muslim army reached him, and then he turned back hurriedly to inform Quraish. The Prophet ﷺ went on advancing till he reached the Thaniya (i.e. a mountainous way) through which one would go to them (i.e. people of Quraish). The she-camel of the Prophet ﷺ sat down. The people tried their best to cause the she-camel to get up but in vain, so they said, "Al-Qaswa' (i.e. the she-camel's name) has become stubborn! Al-Qaswa' has become stubborn!" The Prophet ﷺ said, "Al-Qaswa' has not become stubborn, for stubbornness is not her habit, but she was stopped by Him Who stopped the elephant." Then he said, "By the Name of Him in Whose Hands my soul is, if they (i.e. the Quraish infidels) ask me anything which will respect the ordinances of Allah, I will grant it to them." The Prophet ﷺ then rebuked the she-camel and she got up. The Prophet ﷺ changed his way till he dismounted at the farthest end of Al-Hudaibiya at a pit (i.e. well) containing a little water which the people used in small amounts, and in a short while the people used up all its water and complained to Messenger of Allah ﷺ; of thirst. The Prophet ﷺ took an arrow out of his arrow-case and ordered them to put the arrow in that pit. By Allah, the water started and continued sprouting out till all the people quenched their thirst and returned with satisfaction. While they were still in that state, Budail bin Warqa-al- Khuzaʿi came with some persons from his tribe Khuzaʿa and they were the advisers of Messenger of Allah ﷺ who would keep no secret from him and were from the people of Tihama. Budail said, "I left Kaʿb bin Luai and 'Amir bin Luai residing at the profuse water of Al-Hudaibiya and they had milch camels (or their women and children) with them, and will wage war against you, and will prevent you from visiting the Kaʿba." Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "We have not come to fight anyone, but to perform the ʿUmra. No doubt, the war has weakened Quraish and they have suffered great losses, so if they wish, I will conclude a truce with them, during which they should refrain from interfering between me and the people (i.e. the 'Arab infidels other than Quraish), and if I have victory over those infidels, Quraish will have the option to embrace Islam as the other people do, if they wish; they will at least get strong enough to fight. But if they do not accept the truce, by Allah in Whose Hands my life is, I will fight with them defending my Cause till I get killed, but (I am sure) Allah will definitely make His Cause victorious." Budail said, "I will inform them of what you have said." So, he set off till he reached Quraish and said, "We have come from that man (i.e. Muhammad) whom we heard saying something which we will disclose to you if you should like." Some of the fools among Quraish shouted that they were not in need of this information, but the wiser among them said, "Relate what you heard him saying." Budail said, "I heard him saying so-and-so," relating what the Prophet ﷺ had told him. ʿUrwa bin Masʿud got up and said, "O people! Aren't you the sons? They said, "Yes." He added, "Am I not the father?" They said, "Yes." He said, "Do you mistrust me?" They said, "No." He said, "Don't you know that I invited the people of ʿUkaz for your help, and when they refused I brought my relatives and children and those who obeyed me (to help you)?" They said, "Yes." He said, "Well, this man (i.e. the Prophet) has offered you a reasonable proposal, you'd better accept it and allow me to meet him." They said, "You may meet him." So, he went to the Prophet ﷺ and started talking to him. The Prophet ﷺ told him almost the same as he had told Budail. Then ʿUrwa said, "O Muhammad! Won't you feel any scruple in extirpating your relations? Have you ever heard of anyone amongst the Arabs extirpating his relatives before you? On the other hand, if the reverse should happen, (nobody will aid you, for) by Allah, I do not see (with you) dignified people, but people from various tribes who would run away leaving you alone." Hearing that, Abu Bakr abused him and said, "Do you say we would run and leave the Prophet ﷺ alone?" ʿUrwa said, "Who is that man?" They said, "He is Abu Bakr." ʿUrwa said to Abu Bakr, "By Him in Whose Hands my life is, were it not for the favor which you did to me and which I did not compensate, I would retort on you." ʿUrwa kept on talking to the Prophet ﷺ and seizing the Prophet's beard as he was talking while Al-Mughira bin Shuʿba was standing near the head of the Prophet, holding a sword and wearing a helmet. Whenever ʿUrwa stretched his hand towards the beard of the Prophet, Al-Mughira would hit his hand with the handle of the sword and say (to ʿUrwa), "Remove your hand from the beard of Messenger of Allah ﷺ." ʿUrwa raised his head and asked, "Who is that?" The people said, "He is Al-Mughira bin Shuʿba." ʿUrwa said, "O treacherous! Am I not doing my best to prevent evil consequences of your treachery?" Before embracing Islam Al-Mughira was in the company of some people. He killed them and took their property and came (to Medina) to embrace Islam. The Prophet ﷺ said (to him, "As regards your Islam, I accept it, but as for the property I do not take anything of it. (As it was taken through treason). ʿUrwa then started looking at the Companions of the Prophet. By Allah, whenever Messenger of Allah ﷺ spat, the spittle would fall in the hand of one of them (i.e. the Prophet's companions) who would rub it on his face and skin; if he ordered them they would carry his orders immediately; if he performed ablution, they would struggle to take the remaining water; and when they spoke to him, they would lower their voices and would not look at his face constantly out of respect. ʿUrwa returned to his people and said, "O people! By Allah, I have been to the kings and to Caesar, Khosrau and An- Najashi, yet I have never seen any of them respected by his courtiers as much as Muhammad is respected by his companions. By Allah, if he spat, the spittle would fall in the hand of one of them (i.e. the Prophet's companions) who would rub it on his face and skin; if he ordered them, they would carry out his order immediately; if he performed ablution, they would struggle to take the remaining water; and when they spoke, they would lower their voices and would not look at his face constantly out of respect." ʿUrwa added, "No doubt, he has presented to you a good reasonable offer, so please accept it." A man from the tribe of Bani Kinana said, "Allow me to go to him," and they allowed him, and when he approached the Prophet and his companions, Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "He is so-and-so who belongs to the tribe that respects the Budn (i.e. camels of the sacrifice). So, bring the Budn in front of him." So, the Budn were brought before him and the people received him while they were reciting Talbiya. When he saw that scene, he said, "Glorified be Allah! It is not fair to prevent these people from visiting the Kaʿba." When he returned to his people, he said, 'I saw the Budn garlanded (with colored knotted ropes) and marked (with stabs on their backs). I do not think it is advisable to prevent them from visiting the Kaʿba." Another person called Mikraz bin Hafs got up and sought their permission to go to Muhammad, and they allowed him, too. When he approached the Muslims, the Prophet ﷺ said, "Here is Mikraz and he is a vicious man." Mikraz started talking to the Prophet and as he was talking, Suhail bin ʿAmr came. When Suhail bin ʿAmr came, the Prophet ﷺ said, "Now the matter has become easy." Suhail said to the Prophet "Please conclude a peace treaty with us." So, the Prophet ﷺ called the clerk and said to him, "Write: By the Name of Allah, the most Beneficent, the most Merciful." Suhail said, "As for 'Beneficent,' by Allah, I do not know what it means. So write: By Your Name O Allah, as you used to write previously." The Muslims said, "By Allah, we will not write except: By the Name of Allah, the most Beneficent, the most Merciful." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Write: By Your Name O Allah." Then he dictated, "This is the peace treaty which Muhammad, Messenger of Allah ﷺ has concluded." Suhail said, "By Allah, if we knew that you are Messenger of Allah ﷺ we would not prevent you from visiting the Kaʿba, and would not fight with you. So, write: "Muhammad bin ʿAbdullah." The Prophet ﷺ said, "By Allah! I am Apostle of Allah even if you people do not believe me. Write: Muhammad bin ʿAbdullah." (Az-Zuhri said, "The Prophet ﷺ accepted all those things, as he had already said that he would accept everything they would demand if it respects the ordinance of Allah, (i.e. by letting him and his companions perform ʿUmra.)" The Prophet ﷺ said to Suhail, "On the condition that you allow us to visit the House (i.e. Kaʿba) so that we may perform Tawaf around it." Suhail said, "By Allah, we will not (allow you this year) so as not to give chance to the 'Arabs to say that we have yielded to you, but we will allow you next year." So, the Prophet ﷺ got that written. Then Suhail said, "We also stipulate that you should return to us whoever comes to you from us, even if he embraced your religion." The Muslims said, "Glorified be Allah! How will such a person be returned to the pagans after he has become a Muslim? While they were in this state Abu- Jandal bin Suhail bin ʿAmr came from the valley of Mecca staggering with his fetters and fell down amongst the Muslims. Suhail said, "O Muhammad! This is the very first term with which we make peace with you, i.e. you shall return Abu Jandal to me." The Prophet ﷺ said, "The peace treaty has not been written yet." Suhail said, "I will never allow you to keep him." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Yes, do." He said, "I won't do.: Mikraz said, "We allow you (to keep him)." Abu Jandal said, "O Muslims! Will I be returned to the pagans though I have come as a Muslim? Don't you see how much I have suffered?" (continued...) (continuing... 1): -3.891:... ... Abu Jandal had been tortured severely for the Cause of Allah. ʿUmar bin Al-Khattab said, "I went to the Prophet ﷺ and said, 'Aren't you truly the Messenger of Allah?' The Prophet ﷺ said, 'Yes, indeed.' I said, 'Isn't our Cause just and the cause of the enemy unjust?' He said, 'Yes.' I said, 'Then why should we be humble in our religion?' He said, 'I am Messenger of Allah ﷺ and I do not disobey Him, and He will make me victorious.' I said, 'Didn't you tell us that we would go to the Kaʿba and perform Tawaf around it?' He said, 'Yes, but did I tell you that we would visit the Kaʿba this year?' I said, 'No.' He said, 'So you will visit it and perform Tawaf around it?' " ʿUmar further said, "I went to Abu Bakr and said, 'O Abu Bakr! Isn't he truly Allah's Prophet?' He replied, 'Yes.' I said, 'Then why should we be humble in our religion?' He said, 'Indeed, he is Messenger of Allah ﷺ and he does not disobey his Lord, and He will make him victorious. Adhere to him as, by Allah, he is on the right.' I said, 'Was he not telling us that we would go to the Kaʿba and perform Tawaf around it?' He said, 'Yes, but did he tell you that you would go to the Kaʿba this year?' I said, 'No.' He said, "You will go to Kaʿba and perform Tawaf around it." (Az-Zuhri said, " ʿUmar said, 'I performed many good deeds as expiation for the improper questions I asked them.' ") When the writing of the peace treaty was concluded, Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to his companions, "Get up and' slaughter your sacrifices and get your head shaved." By Allah none of them got up, and the Prophet repeated his order thrice. When none of them got up, he left them and went to Um Salama and told her of the people's attitudes towards him. Um Salama said, "O the Prophet ﷺ of Allah! Do you want your order to be carried out? Go out and don't say a word to anybody till you have slaughtered your sacrifice and call your barber to shave your head." So, the Prophet ﷺ went out and did not talk to anyone of them till he did that, i.e. slaughtered the sacrifice and called his barber who shaved his head. Seeing that, the companions of the Prophet ﷺ got up, slaughtered their sacrifices, and started shaving the heads of one another, and there was so much rush that there was a danger of killing each other. Then some believing women came (to the Prophet ﷺ ); and Allah revealed the following Divine Verses:-- "O you who believe, when the believing women come to you as emigrants examine them . . ." (60.10) ʿUmar then divorced two wives of his who were infidels. Later on Muawiya bin Abu Sufyan married one of them, and Safwan bin Umaiya married the other. When the Prophet ﷺ returned to Medina, Abu Basir, a new Muslim convert from Quraish came to him. The Infidels sent in his pursuit two men who said (to the Prophet ﷺ ), "Abide by the promise you gave us." So, the Prophet ﷺ handed him over to them. They took him out (of the City) till they reached Dhul-Hulaifa where they dismounted to eat some dates they had with them. Abu Basir said to one of them, "By Allah, O so-and-so, I see you have a fine sword." The other drew it out (of the scabbard) and said, "By Allah, it is very fine and I have tried it many times." Abu Basir said, "Let me have a look at it." When the other gave it to him, he hit him with it till he died, and his companion ran away till he came to Medina and entered the Mosque running. When Messenger of Allah ﷺ saw him he said, "This man appears to have been frightened." When he reached the Prophet ﷺ he said, "My companion has been murdered and I would have been murdered too." Abu Basir came and said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ, by Allah, Allah has made you fulfill your obligations by your returning me to them (i.e. the Infidels), but Allah has saved me from them." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Woe to his mother! what excellent war kindler he would be, should he only have supporters." When Abu Basir heard that he understood that the Prophet ﷺ would return him to them again, so he set off till he reached the seashore. Abu Jandal bin Suhail got himself released from them (i.e. infidels) and joined Abu Basir. So, whenever a man from Quraish embraced Islam he would follow Abu Basir till they formed a strong group. By Allah, whenever they heard about a caravan of Quraish heading towards Sham, they stopped it and attacked and killed them (i.e. infidels) and took their properties. The people of Quraish sent a message to the Prophet ﷺ requesting him for the Sake of Allah and Kith and kin to send for (i.e. Abu Basir and his companions) promising that whoever (amongst them) came to the Prophet ﷺ would be secure. So the Prophet ﷺ sent for them (i.e. Abu Basir's companions) and Allah I revealed the following Divine Verses: "And it is He Who Has withheld their hands from you and your hands From them in the midst of Mecca, After He made you the victorious over them. ... the unbelievers had pride and haughtiness, in their hearts ... the pride and haughtiness of the time of ignorance." (48.24-26) And their pride and haughtiness was that they did not confess (write in the treaty) that he (i.e. Muhammad) was the Prophet of Allah and refused to write: "In the Name of Allah, the most Beneficent, the Most Merciful," and they (the mushriks) prevented them (the Muslims) from visiting the House (the Kaʿbah). (Using translation from Bukhārī 2731)   

عَنِ الْمِسْوَرِ بْنِ مَخْرَمَةَ وَمَرْوَانَ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ يُصَدِّقُ حَدِيثَ كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا صَاحِبُهُ قَالَا خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ زَمَنَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ فِي بِضْعَ عَشْرَةَ مِائَةً مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانُوا بِذِي الْحُلَيْفَةِ قَلَّدَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْهَدْيَ وَأَشْعَرَهُ وَأَحْرَمَ بِالْعُمْرَةِ وَبَعَثَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ عَيْنًا لَهُ مِنْ خُزَاعَةَ يُخْبِرُهُ عَنْ قُرَيْشٍ وَسَارَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ بِوَادِي الْأَشْطَاطِ قَرِيبٍ عَنْ عُسْفَانَ أَتَاهُ عَيْنُهُ الْخُزَاعِيُّ فَقَالَ إِنِّي تَرَكْتُ كَعْبَ بْنَ لُؤَيٍّ وَعَامِرَ بْنَ لُؤَيٍّ قَدْ جَمَعُوا لَكَ الْأَحَابِشَ قَالَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ وَقَالَ يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ قَدْ جَمَعُوا لَكَ الْأَحَابِيشَ وَجَمَعُوا لَكَ جُمُوعًا وَهُمْ مُقَاتِلُوكَ وَصَادُّوكَ عَنِ الْبَيْتِ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَشِيرُوا عَلَيَّ أَتَرَوْنَ أَنْ نَمِيلَ إِلَى ذَرَارِيِّ هَؤُلَاءِ الَّذِينَ أَعَانُوهُمْ فَنُصِيبَهُمْ فَإِنْ قَعَدُوا قَعَدُوا مَوْتُورِينَ مَحْزُونِينَ وَإِنْ نَجَوْا تَكُنْ عُنُقًا قَطَعَهَا اللهُ أَوْ تَرَوْنَ أَنْ نَؤُمَّ الْبَيْتَ فَمَنْ صَدَّنَا عَنْهُ قَاتَلْنَاهُ؟ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ إِنَّمَا جِئْنَا مُعْتَمِرِينَ وَلَمْ نَجِئْ نُقَاتِلُ أَحَدًا وَلَكِنْ مَنْ حَالَ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ الْبَيْتِ قَاتَلْنَاهُ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَرُوحُوا إِذًا قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ وَكَانَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ يَقُولُ مَا رَأَيْتُ أَحَدًا قَطُّ كَانَ أَكْثَرَ مَشُورَةً لِأَصْحَابِهِ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ فِي حَدِيثِ الْمِسْوَرِ بْنِ مَخْرَمَةَ وَمَرْوَانَ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ فَرَاحُوا حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ بِبَعْضِ الطَّرِيقِ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِنَّ خَالِدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ بِالْغَمِيمِ فِي خَيْلٍ لِقُرَيْشٍ طَلِيعَةٍ فَخُذُوا ذَاتَ الْيَمِينِ فَوَاللهِ مَا شَعَرَ بِهِمْ خَالِدٌ حَتَّى إِذَا هُوَ بِغَبْرَةِ الْجَيْشِ فَانْطَلَقَ يَرْكُضُ نَذِيرًا لِقُرَيْشٍ وَسَارَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ بِالثَّنِيَّةِ الَّتِي يَهْبِطُ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنْهَا بَرَكَتْ بِهِ رَاحِلَتُهُ فَقَالَ النَّاسُ حَلْ حَلْ فَأَلَحَّتْ فَقَالُوا خَلَأَتِ الْقَصْوَاءُ خَلَأَتِ الْقَصْوَاءُ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مَا خَلَأَتِ الْقَصْوَاءُ وَمَا ذَاكَ لَهَا بِخُلُقٍ وَلَكِنْ حَبَسَهَا حَابِسُ الْفِيلِ ثُمَّ قَالَ وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَا يَسْأَلُونَنِي خُطَّةً يُعَظِّمُونَ فِيهَا حُرُمَاتِ اللهِ إِلَّا أَعْطَيْتُهُمْ إِيَّاهَا ثُمَّ زَجَرَهَا فَوَثَبَتْ بِهِ قَالَ فَعَدَلَ عَنْهَا حَتَّى نَزَلَ بِأَقْصَى الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ عَلَى ثَمَدٍ قَلِيلِ الْمَاءِ إِنَّمَا يَتَبَرَّضُهُ النَّاسُ تَبَرُّضًا فَلَمْ يَلْبَثْهُ النَّاسُ أَنْ نَزَحُوهُ فَشُكِيَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ الْعَطَشُ فَانْتَزَعَ سَهْمًا مِنْ كِنَانَتِهِ ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يَجْعَلُوهُ فِيهِ قَالَ فَوَاللهِ مَازَالَ يَجِيشُ لَهُمْ بِالرِّيِّ حَتَّى صَدَرُوا عَنْهُ قَالَ فَبَيْنَا هُمْ كَذَلِكَ إِذْ جَاءَ بُدَيْلُ بْنُ وَرْقَاءَ الْخُزَاعِيُّ فِي نَفَرٍ مِنْ قَوْمِهِ وَكَانُوا عَيْبَةَ نُصْحِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مِنْ أَهْلِ تِهَامَةَ فَقَالَ إِنِّي تَرَكْتُ كَعْبَ بْنَ لُؤَيٍّ وَعَامِرَ بْنَ لُؤَيٍّ قَالَ أَحْمَدُ حَدَّثَنَاهُ يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ وَقَالَ إِنِّي تَرَكْتُ كَعْبَ بْنَ لُؤَيٍّ وَعَامِرَ بْنَ لُؤَيٍّ نَزَلُوا أَعْدَادَ مِيَاهِ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ مَعَهُمُ الْعُوذُ الْمَطَافِيلُ وَهُمْ مُقَاتِلُوكَ وَصَادُّوكَ عَنِ الْبَيْتِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّا لَمْ نَجِئْ لِقِتَالِ أَحَدٍ لَكِنَّا جِئْنَا مُعْتَمِرِينَ وَإِنَّ قُرَيْشًا قَدْ نَهِكَتْهُمُ الْحَرْبُ وَأَضَرَّتْ بِهِمْ فَإِنْ شَاءُوا مَادَدْتُهُمْ مُدَّةً وَيُخَلُّوا بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ النَّاسِ فَإِنْ أَظْهَرْ فَإِنْ شَاءُوا أَنْ يَدْخُلُوا فِيمَا دَخَلَ فِيهِ النَّاسُ فَعَلُوا وَإِلَّا فَقَدْ جَمُّوا وَإِنْ أَبَوْا فَوَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَأُقَاتِلَنَّهُمْ عَلَى أَمْرِي هَذَا حَتَّى تَنْفَرِدَ سَالِفَتِي أَوْ لَيُنْفِذَنَّ اللهُ أَمْرَهُ قَالَ يَحْيَى عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ حَتَّى تَنْفَرِدَ قَالَ فَإِنْ شَاءوا مَادَدْنَاهُمْ مُدَّةً قَالَ بُدَيْلٌ سَأُبَلِّغُهُمْ مَا تَقُولُ فَانْطَلَقَ حَتَّى أَتَى قُرَيْشًا فَقَالَ إِنَّا قَدْ جِئْنَاكُمْ مِنْ عِنْدِ هَذَا الرَّجُلِ وَسَمِعْنَاهُ يَقُولُ قَوْلًا فَإِنْ شِئْتُمْ نَعْرِضْهُ عَلَيْكُمْ فَقَالَ سُفَهَاؤُهُمْ لَا حَاجَةَ لَنَا فِي أَنْ تُحَدِّثَنَا عَنْهُ بِشَيْءٍ وَقَالَ ذَوُو الرَّأْيِ مِنْهُمْ هَاتِ مَا سَمِعْتَهُ يَقُولُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَحَدَّثَهُمْ بِمَا قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَقَامَ عُرْوَةُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ الثَّقَفِيُّ فَقَالَ أَيْ قَوْمِ أَلَسْتُمْ بِالْوَلَدِ؟ قَالُوا بَلَى قَالَ أَوَلَسْتُ بِالْوَالِدِ؟ قَالُوا بَلَى قَالَ فَهَلْ تَتَّهِمُونَنِي؟ قَالُوا لَا قَالَ أَلَسْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنِّي اسْتَنْفَرْتُ أَهْلَ عُكَاظٍ فَلَمَّا جَمَحُوا عَلَيَّ جِئْتُكُمْ بِأَهْلِي وَوَلَدِي وَمَنْ أَطَاعَنِي؟ قَالُوا بَلَى قَالَ فَإِنَّ هَذَا قَدْ عَرَضَ عَلَيْكُمْ خُطَّةَ رُشْدٍ فَاقْبَلُوهَا وَدَعُونِي آتِهِ فَقَالُوا ائْتِهِ فَأَتَاهُ فَجَعَلَ يُكَلِّمُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَ لَهُ نَحْوًا مِنْ قَوْلِهِ لِبُدَيْلٍ فَقَالَ عُرْوَةُ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ أَيْ مُحَمَّدُ أَرَأَيْتَ إِنِ اسْتَأْصَلْتَ قَوْمَكَ هَلْ سَمِعْتَ بِأَحَدٍ مِنَ الْعَرَبِ اجْتَاحَ أَصْلَهُ قَبْلَكَ وَإِنْ تَكُنِ الْأُخْرَى فَوَاللهِ إِنِّي لَأَرَى وُجُوهًا وَأَرَى أَوْبَاشًا مِنَ النَّاسِ خُلَقَاءَ أَنْ يَفِرُّوا وَيَدَعُوكَ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ امْصُصْ بَظْرَ اللَّاتِ أَنَحْنُ نَفِرُّ عَنْهُ وَنَدَعُهُ؟ فَقَالَ مَنْ ذَا؟ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ قَالَ أَمَا وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَوْلَا يَدٌ كَانَتْ لَكَ عِنْدِي لَمْ أَجْزِكَ بِهَا لَأَجَبْتُكَ وَجَعَلَ يُكَلِّمُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَلَمَّا كَلَّمَهُ أَخَذَ بِلِحْيَتِهِ وَالْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ قَائِمٌ عَلَى رَأْسِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَمَعَهُ السَّيْفُ وَعَلَيْهِ الْمِغْفَرُ فَكُلَّمَا أَهْوَى عُرْوَةُ بِيَدِهِ إِلَى لِحْيَةِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ ضَرَبَ يَدَهُ بِنَعْلِ السَّيْفِ وَقَالَ أَخِّرْ يَدَكَ عَنْ لِحْيَةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَرَفَعَ عُرْوَةُ يَدَهُ فَقَالَ مَنْ هَذَا؟ قَالُوا الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ قَالَ أَيْ غُدَرُ أَوَلَسْتُ أَسْعَى فِي غَدْرَتِكَ وَكَانَ الْمُغِيرَةُ صَحِبَ قَوْمًا فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَقَتَلَهُمْ وَأَخَذَ أَمْوَالَهُمْ ثُمَّ جَاءَ وَأَسْلَمَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَمَّا الْإِسْلَامُ فَأَقْبَلُ وَأَمَّا الْمَالُ فَلَسْتُ مِنْهُ فِي شَيْءٍ ثُمَّ إِنَّ عُرْوَةَ جَعَلَ يَرْمُقُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ بِعَيْنِهِ قَالَ فَوَاللهِ مَا تَنَخَّمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ نُخَامَةً إِلَّا وَقَعَتْ فِي كَفِّ رَجُلٍ مِنْهُمْ فَدَلَكَ بِهَا وَجْهَهُ وَجِلْدَهُ وَإِذَا أَمَرَهُمُ ابْتَدَرُوا أَمْرَهُ وَإِذَا تَوَضَّأَ كَادُوا يَقْتَتِلُونَ عَلَى وَضُوئِهِ وَإِذَا تَكَلَّمُوا خَفَضُوا أَصْوَاتَهُمْ وَمَا يُحِدُّونَ النَّظَرَ إِلَيْهِ تَعْظِيمًا لَهُ فَرَجَعَ إِلَى أَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالَ أَيْ قَوْمِ وَاللهِ لَقَدْ وَفَدْتُ عَلَى الْمُلُوكِ وَوَفَدْتُ عَلَى قَيْصَرَ وَكِسْرَى وَالنَّجَاشِيِّ وَاللهِ إِنْ رَأَيْتُ مَلِكًا قَطُّ يُعَظِّمُهُ أَصْحَابُهُ مَا يُعَظِّمُ أَصْحَابُ مُحَمَّدٍ مُحَمَّدًا وَاللهِ إِنْ تَنَخَّمَ نُخَامَةً إِلَّا وَقَعَتْ فِي كَفِّ رَجُلٍ مِنْهُمْ فَدَلَكَ بِهَا وَجْهَهُ وَجِلْدَهُ وَإِذَا أَمَرَهُمُ ابْتَدَرُوا أَمْرَهُ وَإِذَا تَوَضَّأَ كَادُوا يَقْتَتِلُونَ عَلَى وَضُوئِهِ وَإِذَا تَكَلَّمُوا خَفَضُوا أَصْوَاتَهُمْ عِنْدَهُ وَمَا يُحِدُّونَ إِلَيْهِ النَّظَرَ تَعْظِيمًا لَهُ وَإِنَّهُ قَدْ عَرَضَ عَلَيْكُمْ خُطَّةَ رُشْدٍ فَاقْبَلُوهَا فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي كِنَانَةَ دَعُونِي آتِهِ قَالُوا ائْتِهِ فَلَمَّا أَشْرَفَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَأَصْحَابِهِ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ هَذَا فُلَانٌ وَهُوَ مِنْ قَوْمٍ يُعَظِّمُونَ الْبُدْنَ فَابْعَثُوهَا لَهُ فَبُعِثَتْ لَهُ وَاسْتَقْبَلَهُ الْقَوْمُ يُلَبُّونَ فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ قَالَ سُبْحَانَ اللهِ مَا يَنْبَغِي لِهَؤُلَاءِ أَنْ يُصَدُّوا عَنِ الْبَيْتِ فَلَمَّا رَجَعَ إِلَى أَصْحَابِهِ قَالَ رَأَيْتُ الْبُدْنَ قَدْ قُلِّدَتْ وَأُشْعِرَتْ فَلَمْ أَرَ أَنْ يُصَدُّوا عَنِ الْبَيْتِ فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ يُقَالُ لَهُ مِكْرَزُ بْنُ حَفْصٍ فَقَالَ دَعُونِي آتِهِ فَقَالُوا ائْتِهِ فَلَمَّا أَشْرَفَ عَلَيْهِمْ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ هَذَا مِكْرَزٌ وَهُوَ رَجُلٌ فَاجِرٌ فَجَعَلَ يُكَلِّمُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَبَيْنَا هُوَ يُكَلِّمُهُ ﷺ إِذْ جَاءَ سُهَيْلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو قَالَ مَعْمَرٌ فَأَخْبَرَنِي أَيُّوبُ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ أَنَّهُ لَمَّا جَاءَ سُهَيْلٌ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ قَدْ سُهِّلَ لَكُمْ أَمْرُكُمْ قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ فِي حَدِيثِهِ فَجَاءَ سُهَيْلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو فَقَالَ هَاتِ اكْتُبْ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكُمْ كِتَابًا فَدَعَا الْكَاتِبَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ اكْتُبْ بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ فَقَالَ سُهَيْلٌ أَمَّا الرَّحْمَنُ فَوَاللهِ مَا أَدْرِي مَا هُوَ وَلَكِنِ اكْتُبْ بِاسْمِكَ اللهُمَّ كَمَا كُنْتَ تَكْتُبُ فَقَالَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ لَا نَكْتُبُهَا إِلَّا بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ اكْتُبْ بِاسْمِكَ اللهُمَّ ثُمَّ قَالَ هَذَا مَا قَاضَى عَلَيْهِ مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ اللهِ فَقَالَ سُهَيْلٌ وَاللهِ لَوْ كُنَّا نَعْلَمُ أَنَّكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ مَا صَدَدْنَاكَ عَنِ الْبَيْتِ وَلَا قَاتَلْنَاكَ وَلَكِنِ اكْتُبْ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِنِّي لَرَسُولُ اللهِ وَإِنْ كَذَّبْتُمُونِي اكْتُبْ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ وَذَلِكَ لِقَوْلِهِ لَا يَسْأَلُونَنِي خُطَّةً يُعَظِّمُونَ فِيهَا حُرُمَاتِ اللهِ إِلَّا أَعْطَيْتُهُمْ إِيَّاهَا فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَلَى أَنْ تُخَلُّوا بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ الْبَيْتِ فَنَطُوفَ بِهِ فَقَالَ سُهَيْلٌ وَاللهِ لَا تَتَحَدَّثُ الْعَرَبُ أَنَّا أُخِذْنَا ضَغْطَةً وَلَكِنْ لَكَ مِنَ الْعَامِ الْمُقْبِلِ فَكَتَبَ فَقَالَ سُهَيْلٌ عَلَى أَنْ لَا يَأْتِيَكَ مِنَّا رَجُلٌ وَإِنْ كَانَ عَلَى دِينِكَ إِلَّا رَدَدْتَهُ إِلَيْنَا فَقَالَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ سُبْحَانَ اللهِ كَيْفَ يُرَدُّ إِلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَقَدْ جَاءَ مُسْلِمًا؟ فَبَيْنَمَا هُمْ كَذَلِكَ إِذْ جَاءَ أَبُو جَنْدَلِ بْنُ سُهَيْلِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو يَرْسُفُ وَقَالَ يَحْيَى عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ يَرْصُفُ فِي قُيُودِهِ وَقَدْ خَرَجَ مِنْ أَسْفَلِ مَكَّةَ حَتَّى رَمَى بِنَفْسِهِ بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَقَالَ سُهَيْلٌ هَذَا يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَوَّلُ مَا أُقَاضِيكَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ تَرُدَّهُ إِلِيَّ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِنَّا لَمْ نَقْضِ الْكِتَابَ بَعْدُ قَالَ فَوَاللهِ إِذًا لَا نُصَالِحُكَ عَلَى شَيْءٍ أَبَدًا فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَأَجِزْهُ لِي قَالَ مَا أَنَا بِمُجِيزِهِ قَالَ بَلَى فَافْعَلْ قَالَ مَا أَنَا بِفَاعِلٍ قَالَ مِكْرَزٌ بَلَى قَدْ أَجَزْنَاهُ لَكَ فَقَالَ أَبُو جَنْدَلٍ أَيْ مَعَاشِرَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ أُرَدُّ إِلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَقَدْ جِئْتُ مُسْلِمًا أَلَا تَرَوْنَ مَا قَدْ أَتَيْتُ؟ وَكَانَ قَدْ عُذِّبَ عَذَابًا شَدِيدًا فِي اللهِ ﷻ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ فَأَتَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقُلْتُ أَلَسْتَ نَبِيَّ اللهِ؟ قَالَ بَلَى قُلْتُ أَلَسْنَا عَلَى الْحَقِّ وَعَدُوُّنَا عَلَى الْبَاطِلِ؟ قَالَ بَلَى قُلْتُ فَلِمَ نُعْطِي الدَّنِيَّةَ فِي دِينِنَا إِذًا؟ قَالَ إِنِّي رَسُولُ اللهِ وَلَسْتُ أَعْصِيهِ وَهُوَ نَاصِرِي قُلْتُ أَوَلَيْسَ كُنْتَ تُحَدِّثُنَا أَنَّا سَنَأْتِي الْبَيْتَ فَنَطُوفُ بِهِ؟ قَالَ بَلَى فَأَخْبَرْتُكَ أَنَّكَ تَأْتِيهِ الْعَامَ ؟ قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ فَإِنَّكَ آتِيهِ وَمُطَّوِّفٌ بِهِ قَالَ فَأَتَيْتُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ ؓ فَقُلْتُ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ أَلَيْسَ هَذَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ حَقًّا؟ قَالَ بَلَى قُلْتُ أَلَسْنَا عَلَى الْحَقِّ وَعَدُوُّنَا عَلَى الْبَاطِلِ؟ قَالَ بَلَى قُلْتُ فَلِمَ نُعْطِي الدَّنِيَّةَ فِي دِينِنَا إِذًا؟ قَالَ أَيُّهَا الرَّجُلُ إِنَّهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ وَلَنْ يَعْصِيَ رَبَّهُ وَهُوَ نَاصِرُهُ فَاسْتَمْسِكْ بِغَرْزِهِ حَتَّى تَمُوتَ فَوَاللهِ إِنَّهُ لَعَلَى الْحَقِّ قُلْتُ أَوَلَيْسَ كَانَ يُحَدِّثُنَا أَنَّهُ سَيَأْتِي الْبَيْتَ وَيَطُوفُ بِهِ؟ قَالَ بَلَى أَفَأَخْبَرَكَ أَنَّكَ تَأْتِيهِ الْعَامَ قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ فَإِنَّكَ آتِيهِ فَتَطُوفُ بِهِ قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ قَالَ عُمَرُ فَعَمِلْتُ لِذَلِكَ أَعْمَالًا قَالَ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ قَضِيَّةِ الْكِتَابِ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لِأَصْحَابِهِ قُومُوا فَانْحَرُوا ثُمَّ احْلِقُوا قَالَ فَوَاللهِ مَا قَامَ مِنْهُمْ رَجُلٌ حَتَّى قَالَ ذَلِكَ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ فَلَمَّا لَمْ يَقُمْ مِنْهُمْ أَحَدٌ قَامَ فَدَخَلَ عَلَى أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ فَذَكَرَ لَهَا مَا لَقِيَ مِنَ النَّاسِ فَقَالَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَتُحِبُّ ذَلِكَ؟ اخْرُجْ ثُمَّ لَا تُكَلِّمْ أَحَدًا مِنْهُمْ كَلِمَةً حَتَّى تَنْحَرَ بُدْنَكَ وَتَدْعُوَ حَالِقَكَ فَيَحْلِقَكَ فَقَامَ فَخَرَجَ فَلَمْ يُكَلِّمْ أَحَدًا مِنْهُمْ حَتَّى فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ وَنَحَرَ هَدْيَهُ وَدَعَا حَالِقَهُ يَعْنِي فَحَلَقَهُ فَلَمَّا رَأَوْا ذَلِكَ قَامُوا فَنَحَرُوا وَجَعَلَ بَعْضُهُمْ يَحْلِقُ بَعْضًا حَتَّى كَادَ بَعْضُهُمْ يَقْتُلُ بَعْضًا غَمًّا ثُمَّ جَاءَهُ نِسْوَةٌ مُؤْمِنَاتٌ فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ ﷻ {يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا جَاءَكُمُ الْمُؤْمِنَاتُ مُهَاجِرَاتٍ} [الممتحنة 10] حَتَّى بَلَغَ {بِعِصَمِ الْكَوَافِرِ} [الممتحنة 10] قَالَ فَطَلَّقَ عُمَرُ يَوْمَئِذٍ امْرَأَتَيْنِ كَانَتَا لَهُ فِي الشِّرْكِ فَتَزَوَّجَ إِحْدَاهُمَا مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ وَالْأُخْرَى صَفْوَانُ بْنُ أُمَيَّةَ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ فَجَاءَهُ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ رَجُلٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ وَهُوَ مُسْلِمٌ وَقَالَ يَحْيَى عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ فَقَدِمَ عَلَيْهِ أَبُو بَصِيرِ بْنُ أُسَيْدٍ الثَّقَفِيُّ مُسْلِمًا مُهَاجِرًا فَاسْتَأْجَرَ الْأَخْنَسُ بْنُ شَرِيقٍ رَجُلًا كَافِرًا مِنْ بَنِي عَامِرِ بْنِ لُؤَيٍّ وَمَوْلًى مَعَهُ وَكَتَبَ مَعَهُمَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ يَسْأَلُهُ الْوَفَاءَ قَالَ فَأَرْسَلُوا فِي طَلَبِهِ رَجُلَيْنِ فَقَالُوا الْعَهْدَ الَّذِي جَعَلْتَ لَنَا فِيهِ فَدَفَعَهُ إِلَى الرَّجُلَيْنِ فَخَرَجَا بِهِ حَتَّى بَلَغَا بِهِ ذَا الْحُلَيْفَةِ فَنَزَلُوا يَأْكُلُونَ مِنْ تَمْرٍ لَهُمْ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ لِأَحَدِ الرَّجُلَيْنِ وَاللهِ إِنِّي لَأَرَى سَيْفَكَ يَا فُلَانُ هَذَا جَيِّدًا فَاسْتَلَّهُ الْآخَرُ فَقَالَ أَجَلْ وَاللهِ إِنَّهُ لَجَيِّدٌ لَقَدْ جَرَّبْتُ بِهِ ثُمَّ جَرَّبْتُ قَالَ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ أَرِنِي أَنْظُرْ إِلَيْهِ فَأَمْكَنَهُ مِنْهُ فَضَرَبَهُ بِهِ حَتَّى بَرَدَ وَفَرَّ الْآخَرُ حَتَّى أَتَى الْمَدِينَةَ فَدَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ يَعْدُو فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَقَدْ رَأَى هَذَا ذُعْرًا فَلَمَّا انْتَهَى إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ قُتِلَ وَاللهِ صَاحِبِي وَإِنِّي لَمَقْتُولٌ فَجَاءَ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ فَقَالَ يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ قَدْ وَاللهِ أَوْفَى اللهُ ذِمَّتَكَ قَدْ رَدَدْتَنِي إِلَيْهِمْ ثُمَّ أَنْجَانِي اللهُ مِنْهُمْ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَيْلُ امِّهِ مِسْعَرَ حَرْبٍ لَوْ كَانَ لَهُ أَحَدٌ فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ ذَلِكَ عَرَفَ أَنَّهُ سَيَرُدُّهُ إِلَيْهِمْ فَخَرَجَ حَتَّى أَتَى سِيفَ الْبَحْرِ قَالَ وَيَنْفَلِتُ أَبُو جَنْدَلِ بْنُ سُهَيْلٍ فَلَحِقَ بِأَبِي بَصِيرٍ فَجَعَلَ لَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ رَجُلٌ قَدْ أَسْلَمَ إِلَّا لَحِقَ بِأَبِي بَصِيرٍ حَتَّى اجْتَمَعَتْ مِنْهُمْ عِصَابَةٌ قَالَ فَوَاللهِ مَا يَسْمَعُونَ بِعِيرٍ خَرَجَتْ لِقُرَيْشٍ إِلَى الشَّامِ إِلَّا اعْتَرَضُوا لَهَا فَقَتَلُوهُمْ وَأَخَذُوا أَمْوَالَهُمْ فَأَرْسَلَتْ قُرَيْشٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ تُنَاشِدُهُ اللهَ وَالرَّحِمَ لَمَا أَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِمْ فَمَنْ أَتَاهُ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ فَأَرْسَلَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِلَيْهِمْ فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ ﷻ {وَهُوَ الَّذِي كَفَّ أَيْدِيَهُمْ عَنْكُمْ وَأَيْدِيَكُمْ عَنْهُمْ} [الفتح 24] حَتَّى بَلَغَ {حَمِيَّةَ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ} [الفتح 26] وَكَانَتْ حَمِيَّتُهُمْ أَنَّهُمْ لَمْ يُقِرُّوا أَنَّهُ نَبِيُّ اللهِ وَلَمْ يُقِرُّوا بِبِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ وَحَالُوا بَيْنَهُمْ وَبَيْنَ الْبَيْتِ  

[Machine] About his uncle Musa ibn Uqbah, he mentioned the meaning of this story and then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ called Umar ibn al-Khattab to send him to Quraysh while he was in a state of illness. Umar said to him, "O Messenger of Allah, do not send me to them, for I fear for myself. But send Uthman ibn Affan instead." So he sent him to them and met Aban ibn Sa'id ibn al-Aas, and he granted him protection and carried him in front of him on his horse until they reached Quraysh. He spoke to them about what the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had commanded him. So they sent Suhaib ibn Amr with him to reconcile with him. And in Makkah at that time, there were many Muslims from its people, so they requested Uthman ibn Affan to perform Tawaf around the Ka'bah. But he refused to perform Tawaf, saying, "I will not perform Tawaf until the Messenger of Allah ﷺ performs Tawaf." So he returned to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ with Suhaib ibn Amr, who had granted him protection to reconcile with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . He mentioned the story of the reconciliation and its writing. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent a letter to Quraysh with Uthman ibn Affan. Then he mentioned a story about the conflict between the two sides during the throwing of pebbles and spears, and the hostage-taking of the polytheists by Uthman ibn Affan, and the hostage-taking of the Muslims by Suhaib ibn Amr. And the Messenger of Allah ﷺ called the Muslims to give allegiance. When Quraysh saw that, it terrified them, so they sent those whom they had taken hostage and called for the cessation of hostilities and reconciliation. So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ reconciled with them and their scribe.  

عَنْ عَمِّهِ مُوسَى بْنِ عُقْبَةَ فَذَكَرَ مَعْنَى هَذِهِ الْقِصَّةِ زَادَ ثُمَّ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ دَعَا عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ لِيُرْسِلَهُ إِلَى قُرَيْشٍ وَهُوَ بِبَلْدَحَ فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ لَا تُرْسِلْنِي إِلَيْهِمْ فَإِنِّي أَتَخَوَّفُهُمْ عَلَى نَفْسِي وَلَكِنْ أَرْسِلْ عُثْمَانَ بْنَ عَفَّانَ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِمْ فَلَقِيَ أَبَانَ بْنَ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْعَاصِ فَأَجَارَهُ وَحَمَلَهُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ عَلَى الْفَرَسِ حَتَّى جَاءَ قُرَيْشًا فَكَلَّمَهُمْ بِالَّذِي أَمَرَهُ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَرْسَلُوا مَعَهُ سُهَيْلَ بْنَ عَمْرٍو لِيُصَالِحَهُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَبِمَكَّةَ يَوْمَئِذٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ نَاسٌ كَثِيرٌ مِنْ أَهْلِهَا فَدَعَوْا عُثْمَانَ بْنَ عَفَّانَ ؓ لِيَطُوفَ بِالْبَيْتِ فَأَبَى أَنْ يَطُوفَ وَقَالَ مَا كُنْتُ لِأَطُوفَ بِهِ حَتَّى يَطُوفَ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَرَجَعَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَمَعَهُ سُهَيْلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو وَقَدْ أَجَارَهُ لِيُصَالِحَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَذَكَرَ قِصَّةَ الصُّلْحِ وَكِتَابَتِهِ قَالَ ثُمَّ بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِالْكِتَابِ إِلَى قُرَيْشٍ مَعَ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ ؓ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ قِصَّةً فِيمَا كَانَ بَيْنَ الْفَرِيقَيْنِ مِنَ التَّرَامِي بِالْحِجَارَةِ وَالنَّبْلِ وَارْتِهَانِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ ؓ وَارْتِهَانِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ سُهَيْلَ بْنَ عَمْرٍو وَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْمُسْلِمِينَ إِلَى الْبَيْعَةِ فَلَمَّا رَأَتْ قُرَيْشٌ ذَلِكَ رَعَبَهُمُ اللهُ فَأَرْسَلُوا مَنْ كَانُوا ارْتَهَنُوهُ وَدَعَوْا إِلَى الْمُوَادَعَةِ وَالصُّلْحِ فَصَالَحَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَكَاتَبَهُمْ  

[Machine] That he forced himself into it and Suhail bin Amr came out from among them. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saw him approaching, he said, "The people intended to make peace when they sent this man." When he finished, the conversation continued between them until a peace agreement was reached, stating that there would be a cease-fire between them for ten years, and that people would be safe from each other. The following year, they would leave and return to Makkah. He (Suhail) would stay in it for three days. It was also agreed that he would not enter it except with weapons on horses and swords nearby. Whoever comes to us from your companions without your permission, we will not return him to you, and whoever comes to you from us without our permission, you should return him. And there is a blind spot between us and you. There is no harm or injury.  

أَنَّهُ دَخَلَهَا عَلَيْنَا عَنْوَةً فَخَرَجَ سُهَيْلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو مِنْ عِنْدِهِمْ فَلَمَّا رَآهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مُقْبِلًا قَالَ قَدْ أَرَادَ الْقَوْمُ الصُّلْحَ حِينَ بَعَثُوا هَذَا الرَّجُلَ فَلَمَّا انْتَهَى إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ جَرَى بَيْنَهُمَا الْقَوْلُ حَتَّى وَقَعَ الصُّلْحُ عَلَى أَنْ تُوضَعَ الْحَرْبُ بَيْنَهُمَا عَشْرَ سِنِينَ وَأَنْ يَأْمَنَ النَّاسُ بَعْضُهُمْ مِنْ بَعْضٍ وَأَنْ يَرْجِعَ عَنْهُمْ عَامَهُمْ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ الْعَامُ الْمُقْبِلُ قَدِمَهَا خَلَّوا بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ مَكَّةَ فَأَقَامَ بِهَا ثَلَاثًا وَأَنَّهُ لَا يَدْخُلُهَا إِلَّا بِسِلَاحِ الرَّاكِبِ وَالسُّيُوفِ فِي الْقُرُبِ وَأَنَّهُ مَنْ أَتَانَا مِنْ أَصْحَابِكَ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِ وَلِيِّهِ لَمْ نَرُدَّهُ عَلَيْكَ وَأَنَّهُ مَنْ أَتَاكَ مِنَّا بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِ وَلِيِّهِ رَدَدْتَهُ وَأَنَّ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكَ عَيْبَةٌ مَكْفُوفَةٌ وَأَنَّهُ لَا إِسْلَالَ وَلَا إِغْلَالَ وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ  

[Machine] The truce between the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ and the people of Makkah during the year of Hudaybiyah lasted for four years. Abu Saad al-Malini informed us that Abu Ahmad ibn Adi narrated to us from Al-Qasim ibn Mahdi who narrated from Ya'qub ibn Kasib who narrated from Abdullah ibn Nafie from Aasim ibn Umar, and Asim ibn Umar mentioned it first. Aasim ibn Umar, however, is known for narrating from sources that are not continuous, as Yahya ibn Ma'in, Al-Bukhari, and others among the scholars have weakened him.  

كَانَتِ الْهُدْنَةُ بَيْنَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَأَهْلِ مَكَّةَ عَامَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ أَرْبَعَ سِنِينَ أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو سَعْدٍ الْمَالِينِيُّ أنبأ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ بْنُ عَدِيٍّ ثنا الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ ثنا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ كَاسِبٍ ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ نَافِعٍ عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ عُمَرَ فَذَكَرَهُ الْمَحْفُوظَ هُوَ الْأَوَّلُ وَعَاصِمُ بْنُ عُمَرَ هَذَا يَأْتِي بِمَا لَا يُتَابَعُ عَلَيْهِ ضَعَّفَهُ يَحْيَى بْنُ مَعِينٍ وَالْبُخَارِيُّ وَغَيْرُهُمَا مِنَ الْأَئِمَّةِ  

[Machine] When this verse was revealed to the Prophet ﷺ , "Indeed, We have granted you a clear conquest, so that Allah may forgive you for what preceded of your sin and what will come after." [Quran, Al-Fath: 2], some people from Al-Hudaybiyah came to him while he was feeling sad and gloomy. The sacrificial animals had been slaughtered and he said, "Indeed, verses have been revealed upon me that are more beloved to me than the whole world." They asked, "O Messenger of Allah, we know what Allah will do to you, but what will He do to us?" He replied, "He revealed: 'That He may admit the believing men and believing women to gardens beneath which rivers flow' [Quran, Al-Fath: 5]." It continued until he reached the head of the verse.  

لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ {إِنَّا فَتَحْنَا لَكَ فَتْحًا مُبِينًا لِيَغْفِرَ لَكَ اللهُ مَا تَقَدَّمَ مِنْ ذَنْبِكَ وَمَا تَأَخَّرَ} [الفتح 2] مَرْجِعَهُمْ مِنَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ وَهُمْ يُخَالِطُهُمُ الْحُزْنُ وَالْكَابَةُ وَقَدْ نُحِرَ الْهَدْيُ فَقَالَ لَقَدْ أُنْزِلَتْ عَلَيَّ آيَاتٌ هِيَ أَحَبُّ إِلِيَّ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قَدْ عَلِمْنَا مَا يَفْعَلُ اللهُ بِكَ فَمَا يَفْعَلُ بِنَا؟ قَالَ فَنَزَلَتْ {لِيُدْخِلَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَاتِ جَنَّاتٍ تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَارُ} [الفتح 5] حَتَّى بَلَغَ رَأْسَ الْآيَةِ  

[Machine] Anas narrated that the Prophet ﷺ said: "Verily, We have granted you a manifest victory." [Surah Al-Fath, verse 1] Then the conquest of Hudaybiyyah occurred, and a man said, "Congratulations, O Messenger of Allah! This is for you, so what is for us?" Then Allah revealed: "That He may admit the believing men and the believing women to gardens beneath which rivers flow." [Surah Al-Fath, verse 5] Shu'bah said: "I went to Kufa and narrated this hadith to them from Qatadah, who narrated it from Anas. Then I went to Basrah and mentioned this to Qatadah, and he said: 'As for the first part, it is narrated from Anas. And as for the second part, it is [narrated] from Ikrimah.'  

عَنْ أَنَسٍ ؓ {إِنَّا فَتَحْنَا لَكَ فَتْحًا مُبِينًا} [الفتح 1] قَالَ فَتْحُ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ هَنِيئًا مَرِيئًا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ هَذَا لَكَ فَمَا لَنَا؟ فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ ﷻ {لِيُدْخِلَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَاتِ جَنَّاتٍ تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَارُ} [الفتح 5] قَالَ شُعْبَةُ فَقَدِمْتُ الْكُوفَةَ فَحَدَّثْتُهُمْ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ عَنْ أَنَسٍ ؓ ثُمَّ قَدِمْتُ الْبَصْرَةَ فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِقَتَادَةَ فَقَالَ أَمَّا الْأَوَّلُ فَعَنْ أَنَسٍ وَأَمَّا الثَّانِي {لِيُدْخِلَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَاتِ جَنَّاتٍ تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَارُ} [الفتح 5] فَعَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ  

Sahal b. Hunaif stood up on the Day of Siffin and said: O ye people, blame yourselves (for want of discretion) ; we were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ on the Day of Hudaibiya. If we had thought it fit to fight, we could fight. This was in the truce between the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and the polytheists. Umar b. Khattab came, approached the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said: Messenger of Allah, aren't we fighting for truth and they for falsehood? He replied: By all means. He asked: Are not those killed from our side in Paradise and those killed. from their side in the Fire? He replied: Yes. He said: Then why should we put a blot upon our religion and return, while Allah has not decided the issue between them and ourselves? He said: Son of Khattab, I am the Messenger of Allah. Allah will never ruin me. (The narrator said): Umar went away, but he could not contain himself with rage. So he approached Abu Bakr and said: 'Abu Bakr, aren't we fighting for truth and they for falsehood? He replied: Yes. He asked: Aren't those killed from our side in Paradise and those killed from their side in the Fire? He replied: Why not? He (then) said: Why should we then disgrace our religion and return while God has not yet decided the issue between them and ourselves? Abu Bakr said: Son of Khattab, verily, he is the Messenger of Allah, and Allah will never ruin him. (The narrator continued): At this (a Sura of) the Qur'an (giving glad tidings of the victory) was revealed to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He sent for Umar and made him read it. He asked: Is (this truce) a victory? He (the Messenger of Allah) replied: Yes. At this Umar was pleased, and returned. (Using translation from Muslim 1785a)   

أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ اتَّهِمُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ لَقَدْ كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ وَلَوْ نَرَى قِتَالًا لَقَاتَلْنَا وَذَلِكَ فِي الصُّلْحِ الَّذِي كَانَ بَيْنَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَبَيْنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ قَالَ فَأَتَى عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَلَسْنَا عَلَى حَقٍّ وَهُمْ عَلَى بَاطِلٍ؟ قَالَ بَلَى قَالَ أَلَيْسَ قَتْلَانَا فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَقَتْلَاهُمْ فِي النَّارِ؟ قَالَ بَلَى قَالَ فَفِيمَ نُعْطِي الدَّنِيَّةَ فِي أَنْفُسِنَا وَنَرْجِعُ وَلَمَّا يَحْكُمِ اللهُ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَهُمْ؟ قَالَ يَا ابْنَ الْخَطَّابِ إِنِّي رَسُولُ اللهِ وَلَنْ يُضَيِّعَنِي اللهُ قَالَ فَانْطَلَقَ ابْنُ الْخَطَّابِ وَلَمْ يَصْبِرْ مُتَغَيِّظًا فَأَتَى أَبَا بَكْرٍ ؓ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ أَلَسْنَا عَلَى حَقٍّ وَهُمْ عَلَى بَاطِلٍ؟ قَالَ بَلَى قَالَ أَلَيْسَ قَتْلَانَا فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَقَتْلَاهُمْ فِي النَّارِ؟ قَالَ بَلَى قَالَ فَعَلَامَ نُعْطِي الدَّنِيَّةَ فِي دِينِنَا وَنَرْجِعُ وَلَمَّا يَحْكُمِ اللهُ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَهُمْ؟ قَالَ يَا ابْنَ الْخَطَّابِ إِنَّهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ وَلَنْ يُضَيِّعَهُ اللهُ أَبَدًا قَالَ فَنَزَلَ الْقُرْآنُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى عُمَرَ فَأَقْرَأَهُ إِيَّاهُ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَوَفَتْحٌ هُوَ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَطَابَتْ نَفْسُهُ وَرَجَعَ  

[Machine] About Marwan and Al-Miswar ibn Makhrama in the story of Hudaybiyah, and in it is included then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ turned back. When he was between Makkah and Madinah, Surah Al-Fath was revealed to him from its beginning to its end, "Indeed, We have granted you a clear triumph" [Quran 48:1]. So, the matter was regarding Surah Al-Fath and what Allah mentioned about the pledge of allegiance of His Messenger under the tree. When the people felt secure and started negotiating, no one spoke about Islam except that they entered into it. And indeed, he spent two years in Tainka, during Islam, which was more than what was in it before that. And the Treaty of Hudaybiyah was a great conquest.  

عَنْ مَرْوَانَ وَالْمِسْوَرِ بْنِ مَخْرَمَةَ فِي قِصَّةِ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ وَفِيهَا مُدْرَجًا ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ رَاجِعًا فَلَمَّا أَنْ كَانَ بَيْنَ مَكَّةَ وَالْمَدِينَةِ نَزَلَتْ عَلَيْهِ سُورَةُ الْفَتْحِ مِنْ أَوَّلِهَا إِلَى آخِرِهَا {إِنَّا فَتَحْنَا لَكَ فَتْحًا مُبِينًا} [الفتح 1] فَكَانَتِ الْقَضِيَّةُ فِي سُورَةِ الْفَتْحِ وَمَا ذَكَرَ اللهُ مِنْ بَيْعَةِ رَسُولِهِ تَحْتَ الشَّجَرَةِ فَلَمَّا أَمِنَ النَّاسُ وَتَفَاوَضُوا لَمْ يُكَلَّمْ أَحَدٌ بِالْإِسْلَامِ إِلَّا دَخَلَ فِيهِ وَلَقَدْ دَخَلَ فِي تَيْنِكَ السَّنَتَيْنِ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ أَكْثَرُ مِمَّا كَانَ فِيهِ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ وَكَانَ صُلْحُ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ فَتْحًا عَظِيمًا  

[Machine] You consider yourselves to be the conquerors of Mecca, but the real conquest of Mecca was by us. We count ourselves as the conquerors through the allegiance of Ridwan. We descended on the day of Hudaybiyah, and it was a well there. We found the people had already taken its water and left none for us. This was mentioned to the Prophet ﷺ, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sat down and called for a bucket. He took it out from the well and then put it in, and he prayed to Allah. The water increased until it reached us, and our camels and baggage were watered, and we were 1,400 in number.  

تَعُدُّونَ أَنْتُمُ الْفَتْحَ فَتْحَ مَكَّةَ وَقَدْ كَانَ فَتْحُ مَكَّةَ فِينَا فَتْحًا وَنَعُدُّ نَحْنُ الْفَتْحَ بَيْعَةَ الرِّضْوَانِ نَزَلْنَا يَوْمَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ وَهِيَ بِئْرٌ فَوَجَدْنَا النَّاسَ قَدْ نَزَحُوهَا فَلَمْ يَدَعُوا فِيهَا قَطْرَةً فَذُكِرَ ذَلِكَ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَجَلَسَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَدَعَا بِدَلْوٍ فَنَزَعَ مِنْهَا ثُمَّ أَخَذَ مِنْهُ بِفِيهِ فَمَجَّهُ فِيهَا وَدَعَا اللهَ فَكَثُرَ مَاؤُهَا حَتَّى صَدَرْنَا وَرَكَائِبُنَا وَنَحْنُ أَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ مِائَةً  

Abu Hurarirah reported the Apostle of Allaah ﷺ as saying “A Muslim ruler is shield by which a battle is fought.” (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2757)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّمَا الْإِمَامُ جُنَّةٌ يُقَاتَلُ بِهِ  

[Machine] I heard Awf ibn Malik al-Ashjai narrating that he said, "I visited the Messenger of Allah ﷺ during the Battle of Tabuk, and he was in a dome made of adobe. He said to me, 'O Awf, prepare for six events before the Hour: my death, then the conquest of Jerusalem, then two deaths will occur among you like the death of two goats, then a wealthy overflow will occur among you until a man will be given a hundred dinars and still be discontented, then a severe turmoil will come upon you that will leave no Arab house unscathed, then there will be a peace treaty between you and the Banu Asfar (the Romans), but they will deceive you and attack you when your number reaches eighty thousand, with twelve thousand troops for each attack.' Al-Walid said, 'We remembered this Hadith from a scholar of Madinah when he mentioned the conquest of Jerusalem.' The scholar said, 'Sa'id informed me from Abu Hurairah that he used to narrate this Hadith from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and say, "The place of the conquest of Jerusalem is Imran's House."'  

سَمِعْتُ عَوْفَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ الْأَشْجَعِيَّ ؓ يَقُولُ أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فِي غَزْوَةِ تَبُوكَ وَهُوَ فِي قُبَّةٍ مِنْ أَدَمٍ فَقَالَ لِي يَا عَوْفُ اعْدُدْ سِتًّا بَيْنَ يَدَيِ السَّاعَةِ مَوْتِي ثُمَّ فَتْحُ بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ ثُمَّ مُوتَانٌ يَأْخُذُ فِيكُمْ كَقُعَاصِ الْغَنَمِ ثُمَّ اسْتِفَاضَةُ الْمَالِ فِيكُمْ حَتَّى يُعْطَى الرَّجُلُ مِائَةَ دِينَارٍ فَيَظَلَّ سَاخِطًا ثُمَّ فِتْنَةٌ لَا تُبْقِي بَيْتًا مِنَ الْعَرَبِ إِلَّا دَخَلَتْهُ ثُمَّ هُدْنَةٌ تَكُونُ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَ بَنِي الْأَصْفَرِ فَيَغْدِرُونَ فَيَأْتُونَكُمْ تَحْتَ ثَمَانِينَ غَايَةً تَحْتَ كُلِّ غَايَةٍ اثْنَا عَشَرَ أَلْفًا قَالَ الْوَلِيدُ فَذَاكَرْنَا هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ شَيْخًا مِنْ شُيُوخِ الْمَدِينَةِ فِي قَوْلِهِ ثُمَّ فَتْحُ بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ فَقَالَ الشَّيْخُ أَخْبَرَنِي سَعِيدٌ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ؓ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يُحَدِّثُ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَيَقُولُ مَكَانَ فَتْحِ بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ عِمْرَانُ بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ  

I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: you will make a secure peace with the Byzantines, then you and they will fight an enemy behind you, and you will be victorious, take booty, and be safe. You will then return and alight in a meadow with mounds and one of the Christians will raise the cross and say: The cross has conquered. One of the Muslims will become angry and smash it, and the Byzantines will act treacherously and prepare for the battle. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 4292)   

أَنَّهُ قَالَ لَهُ انْطَلِقْ بِنَا إِلَى ذِي مَخْبَرٍ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ فَأَتَيْنَاهُ فَقَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ سَيُصَالِحُكُمُ الرُّومُ صُلْحًا آمِنًا ثُمَّ تَغْزُونَ أَنْتُمْ وَهُمْ عَدُوًّا فَتُنْصَرُونَ وَتَسْلَمُونَ وَتَغْنَمُونَ ثُمَّ تَنْصَرِفُونَ فَتَنْزِلُونَ بِمَرْجٍ ذِي تُلُولٍ فَيَرْفَعُ رَجُلٌ مِنَ النَّصْرَانِيَّةِ الصَّلِيبَ فَيَقُولُ غَلَبَ الصَّلِيبُ فَيَغْضَبُ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَيَقُومُ إِلَيْهِ فَيَدُقُّهُ فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ تَغْضَبُ الرُّومُ وَيَجْمَعُونَ لِلْمَلْحَمَةِ  

[Machine] "When Umar expelled the Jews and Christians from the land of Hijaz, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ intended to remove them from Khaybar. When he conquered it, the land became the property of Allah, His Messenger, and the Muslims. He wanted to expel the Jews from it, so they asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ for clarity, that they could keep the land and have half of its produce. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ replied, 'We will grant you this condition as long as we wish.' So they accepted it until Umar expelled them to Tayma and Jericho."  

أَنَّ عُمَرَ ؓ أَجْلَى الْيَهُودَ وَالنَّصَارَى مِنْ أَرْضِ الْحِجَازِ وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَمَّا ظَهَرَ عَلَى خَيْبَرَ أَرَادَ إِخْرَاجَ الْيَهُودِ مِنْهَا فَكَانَتِ الْأَرْضُ حِينَ ظَهَرَ عَلَيْهَا لِلَّهِ وَلِرَسُولِهِ وَلِلْمُسْلِمِينَ فَأَرَادَ إِخْرَاجَ الْيَهُودِ مِنْهَا فَسَأَلَتِ الْيَهُودُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ لِيُقِرَّهُمْ عَلَى أَنْ يَكْفُوهُ عَمَلَهَا وَلَهُمْ نِصْفُ الثَّمَرِ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ نُقِرُّكُمْ بِهَا عَلَى ذَلِكَ مَا شِئْنَا فَقَرُّوا بِهَا حَتَّى أَجْلَاهُمْ عُمَرُ ؓ إِلَى تَيْمَاءَ وَأَرِيحَا  

"The Messenger of Allah ﷺ dispatched Abu Bakr ordering him to announce these statements. Then 'Ali followed him. When Abu Bakr was at a particular road, he heard the heavy breathing of Al-Qiswa, the she camel of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, so Abu Bakr appeared frightened because he thought that it was the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. When he saw that it was 'Ali, he gave him the letter of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and told 'Ali to announce the statements. So he left to perform Hajj. During the day of At-Tashriq 'Ali stood to announce: 'The protection of Allah and His Messenger is removed from every idolater. So travel in the land for four months. There is to be no idolater performing Hajj after this year, nor may anyone perform Tawaf around the House while naked. None shall enter Paradise but a believer.' 'Ali was making the announcement, so when he became exhausted Abu Bakr would announce it." (Using translation from Tirmidhī 3091)   

رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ بَعَثَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ ؓ عَلَى الْمَوْسِمِ وَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يُنَادِيَ بِهَؤُلَاءِ الْكَلِمَاتِ قَالَ فَبَيْنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ نَازِلٌ فِي بَعْضِ الطَّرِيقِ إِذْ سَمِعَ رُغَاءَ نَاقَةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ الْقَصْوَاءِ فَخَرَجَ فَزِعًا وَظَنَّ أَنَّهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَإِذَا عَلِيٌّ ؓ فَدَفَعَ إِلَيْهِ كِتَابَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَتَى عَلَى الْمَوْسِمِ وَأَمَرَ عَلِيًّا أَنْ يُنَادِيَ بِهَؤُلَاءِ الْكَلِمَاتِ فَانْطَلَقَا فَحَجَّا فَقَامَ عَلِيٌّ ؓ فَنَادَى فِي وَسَطِ أَيَّامِ التَّشْرِيقِ إِنَّ اللهَ وَرَسُولَهُ بَرِيءٌ مِنْ كُلِّ مُشْرِكٍ فَسِيحُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّكُمْ غَيْرُ مُعْجِزِي اللهِ لَا يَحُجَّنَّ بَعْدَ الْعَامِ مُشْرِكٌ وَلَا يَطُوفَنَّ بِالْبَيْتِ عُرْيَانٌ وَلَا يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ إِلَّا مُؤْمِنٌ كَانَ يُنَادِي بِهَذَا فَإِذَا بُحَّ قَامَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ ؓ فَنَادَى بِهَا  

[Machine] He said, "I was with Ali when the Prophet ﷺ sent him with Bara'ah to the people of Mecca. I would call out until my voice became hoarse. It was said to him, 'What were you calling out?' He said, 'We were commanded to proclaim that none will enter Paradise except a believer, and whoever has a covenant between him and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , its duration will be extended to four months. And when the months have passed, Allah will be free from the polytheists and His Messenger and will not perform tawaf around the Kaaba naked, nor will he perform Hajj after the year as a polytheist.' This statement was mentioned by Zaid ibn Yathribi in this hadith. And whoever has a covenant, his covenant will be until its completion. And whoever does not have a covenant, it will be four months.' Ash-Shafi'i said, 'And the Messenger of Allah ﷺ appointed Safwan ibn Umayyah to stay in Makkah for four months after the conquest of Makkah.' The sheikh said, 'This has passed in the narration of Ibn Shihab in his book on marriage.'"  

أَنَّهُ قَالَ كُنْتُ مَعَ عَلِيٍّ ؓ حِينَ بَعَثَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِبَرَاءَةَ إِلَى أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ قَالَ فَكُنْتُ أُنَادِي حَتَّى صَحِلَ صَوْتِي فَقِيلَ لَهُ بِأِيِّ شَيْءٍ كُنْتَ تُنَادِي؟ فَقَالَ أَمَرَنَا أَنْ نُنَادِيَ أَنَّهُ لَا يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ إِلَّا مُؤْمِنٌ وَمَنْ كَانَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ عَهْدٌ فَأَجَلُهُ إِلَى أَرْبَعَةِ أَشْهُرٍ فَإِذَا مَضَتِ الْأَشْهُرُ فَإِنَّ اللهَ بَرِيءٌ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَرَسُولُهُ وَلَا يَطُوفُ بِالْبَيْتِ عُرْيَانٌ وَلَا يَحُجُّ بَعْدَ الْعَامِ مُشْرِكٌ وَقَدْ مَضَى فِي حَدِيثِ زَيْدِ بْنِ يُثَيْعٍ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ؓ فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ وَمَنْ كَانَ لَهُ عَهْدٌ فَعَهْدُهُ إِلَى مُدَّتِهِ وَمَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ عَهْدٌ فَأَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ ؓ وَجَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لِصَفْوَانَ بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ بَعْدَ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ تَسْيِيرَ أَرْبَعَةِ أَشْهُرٍ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ قَدْ مَضَى هَذَا فِي حَدِيثِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ الزُّهْرِيِّ فِي كِتَابِ النِّكَاحِ  

That the Prophet ﷺ sent his uncle, the brother of Um Sulaim at the head of seventy riders. The chief of the pagans, 'Amir bin at-Tufail proposed three suggestions (to the Prophet ﷺ ) saying, "Choose one of three alternatives: (1) that the bedouins will be under your command and the townspeople will be under my command; (2) or that I will be your successor, (3) or otherwise I will attack you with two thousand from Bani Ghatafan." But 'Amir was infected with plague in the House of Um so-and-so. He said, "Shall I stay in the house of a lady from the family of so-and-so after having a (swelled) gland like that she-camel? Get me my horse." So he died on the back of his horse. Then Haram, the brother of Um Sulaim and a lame man along with another man from so-and-so (tribe) went towards the pagans (i.e. the tribe of 'Amir). Haram said (to his companions), "Stay near to me, for I will go to them. If they (i.e. infidels) should give me protection, you will be near to me, and if they should kill me, then you should go back to your companions. Then Haram went to them and said, "Will you give me protection so as to convey the message of Messenger of Allah ﷺ ?" So, he started talking to them' but they signalled to a man (to kill him) and he went behind him and stabbed him (with a spear). He (i.e. Haram) said, "Allahu Akbar! I have succeeded, by the Lord of the Kaʿba!" The companion of Haram was pursued by the infidels, and then they (i.e. Haram's companions) were all killed except the lame man who was at the top of a mountain. Then Allah revealed to us a verse that was among the cancelled ones later on. It was: 'We have met our Lord and He is pleased with us and has made us pleased.' (After this event) the Prophet ﷺ invoked evil on the infidels every morning for 30 days. He invoked evil upon the (tribes of) Ril, Dhakwan, Bani Lihyan and Usaiya who disobeyed Allah and His Apostle. (Using translation from Bukhārī 4091)   

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ بَعَثَ خَالَهُ وَكَانَ اسْمُهُ حَرَامًا أَخَا أُمِّ سَلِيمٍ فِي سَبْعِينَ رَجُلًا فَقُتِلُوا يَوْمَ بِئْرِ مَعُونَةَ وَكَانَ رَئِيسُ الْمُشْرِكِينَ عَامِرَ بْنَ الطُّفَيْلِ وَكَانَ أَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَ أُخَيِّرُكَ بَيْنَ ثَلَاثِ خِصَالٍ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَكَ أَهْلُ السَّهْلِ وَلِي أَهْلُ الْمَدَرِ وَأَكُونَ خَلِيفَتَكَ مِنْ بَعْدِكَ أَوْ أَغْزُوَكَ بِغَطَفَانَ بِأَلْفِ أَشْقَرَ وَأَلْفِ شَقْرَاءَ قَالَ فَطُعِنَ فِي بَيْتِ امْرَأَةٍ مِنْ بَنِي فُلَانٍ فَقَالَ غُدَّةٌ كَغُدَّةِ الْبَكْرِ فِي بَيْتِ امْرَأَةٍ مِنْ بَنِي فُلَانٍ ائْتُونِي بِفَرَسِي فَرَكِبَهُ فَمَاتَ عَلَى ظَهْرِ فَرَسِهِ فَانْطَلَقَ حَرَامٌ أَخُو أُمِّ سُلَيْمٍ وَرَجُلَانِ مَعَهُ رَجُلٌ أَعْرَجُ وَرَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي فُلَانٍ قَالَ كُونَا يَعْنِي قَرِيبًا مِنِّي حَتَّى آتِيَهُمْ فَإِنْ أَمَّنُونِي كُنْتُ كَذَا وَإِنْ قَتَلُونِي أَتَيْتُمْ أَصْحَابَكُمْ فَأَتَاهُمْ حَرَامٌ فَقَالَ أَتُؤَمِّنُونَنِي أُبَلِّغْكُمْ رِسَالَةَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ؟ قَالُوا نَعَمْ فَجَعَلَ يُحَدِّثُهُمْ وَأَوْمَوْا إِلَى رَجُلٍ فَأَتَاهُ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ فَطَعَنْهُ قَالَ هَمَّامٌ أَحْسَبُهُ قَالَ فَأَنْفَذَهُ بِالرُّمْحِ فَقَالَ اللهُ أَكْبَرُ فُزْتُ وَرَبِّ الْكَعْبَةِ فَلَحِقَ الرَّجُلُ فَقَتَلَ كُلَّهُمْ إِلَّا الْأَعْرَجَ كَانَ فِي رَأْسِ الْجَبَلِ قَالَ إِسْحَاقُ فَحَدَّثَنِي أَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ قَالَ أُنْزِلَ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ كَانَ مِنَ الْمَنْسُوخِ إِنَّا قَدْ لَقِينَا رَبَّنَا فَرَضِيَ عَنْا وَأَرْضَانَا فَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ سَبْعِينَ صَبَاحًا عَلَى رِعْلٍ وَذَكْوَانَ وَبَنِي لِحْيَانَ وَعُصَيَّةَ عَصَتِ اللهَ وَرَسُولَهُ  

A hadith like this as narrated by Ibn 'Umar has also been transmitted by Abu Sa'id al-Khudri. (Using translation from Muslim 80a)   

عَنْ حَبَّانَ  

[Machine] Amr al-Adib informed Abu Bakr al-Isma'ili, who informed Abu Abdullah al-Sufi, who narrated that Khalaf ibn Salim al-Mukharrimi informed Abu Usama, who narrated that Hisham ibn Uruah narrated from his father, from Aisha, that Abu Bakr sought permission from the Prophet ﷺ to leave Makkah. He mentioned the hadith regarding migration and they were followed by Amir ibn Fuhayra. He said, "Amir ibn Fuhayra was killed on the day of Ma'unah and Amr ibn Umaya al-Damri was captured." Amir ibn Fuhayra asked, "Who is this?," pointing to the dead. Amr ibn Umaya al-Damri replied, "This is Amir ibn Fuhayra." Amir ibn Fuhayra said, "Indeed, I saw him after he was killed, he was raised to the sky. I could see him between the sky and the earth." He then came to the Prophet ﷺ with the news and he mourned for them and said, "Indeed, your companions have been affected. They have asked their Lord and He has responded, saying, 'Our Lord, inform our brothers about our situation, that we are pleased with You, and You are pleased with us.'" He then informed them about it. He said, "On that day, Uruah ibn Asma' ibn Salit was injured. He was known as Uruah, and Munther ibn Umar was injured. He was known as Munther."  

عَمْرٍو الْأَدِيبُ أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْإِسْمَاعِيلِيُّ أنبأ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الصُّوفِيُّ ثنا خَلَفٌ هُوَ ابْنُ سَالِمٍ الْمُخَرِّمِيُّ ثنا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ ثنا هِشَامُ بْنُ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ؓ اسْتَأْذَنَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فِي الْخُرُوجِ مِنْ مَكَّةَ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ فِي الْهِجْرَةِ وَتَبِعَهُمَا عَامِرُ بْنُ فُهَيْرَةَ قَالَ فَقُتِلَ عَامِرُ بْنُ فُهَيْرَةَ يَوْمَ بِئْرِ مَعُونَةَ وَأُسِرَ عَمْرُو بْنُ أُمَيَّةَ الضَّمْرِيُّ فَقَالَ لَهُ عَامِرُ بْنُ الطُّفَيْلِ مَنْ هَذَا؟ وَأَشَارَ إِلَى قَتِيلٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ عَمْرُو بْنُ أُمَيَّةَ هَذَا عَامِرُ بْنُ فُهَيْرَةَ فَقَالَ لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُهُ بَعْدَ مَا قُتِلَ رُفِعَ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ حَتَّى إِنِّي لَأَنْظُرُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ الْأَرْضِ قَالَ فَأَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ خَبَرُهُمْ فَنَعَاهُمْ وَقَالَ إِنَّ أَصْحَابَكُمْ أُصِيبُوا وَإِنَّهُمْ قَدْ سَأَلُوا رَبَّهُمْ فَقَالُوا رَبَّنَا أَخْبِرْ عَنَّا إِخْوَانَنَا بِمَا رَضِينَا عَنْكَ وَرَضِيتَ عَنَّا قَالَ فَأَخْبَرَهُمْ عَنْهُمْ قَالَ وَأُصِيبَ مِنْهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ عُرْوَةُ بْنُ أَسْمَاءِ بْنِ الصَّلْتِ سُمِّيَ بِهِ عُرْوَةُ وَمُنْذِرُ بْنُ عُمَرَ وَسُمِّيَ بِهِ مُنْذِرٌ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "There will always be a group from my nation who are visibly upon the truth, not harmed by those who abandon them, until the command of Allah comes while they are in that state."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَا يَزَالُ طَائِفَةٌ مِنْ أُمَّتِي ظَاهِرِينَ عَلَى الْحَقِّ لَا يَضُرُّهُمْ مَنْ خَذَلَهُمْ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَ أَمْرُ اللهِ وَهُمْ كَذَلِكَ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ redeemed a man with two men.  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَدَى رَجُلًا بِرَجُلَيْنِ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said, "Feed the hungry, release the captives, and visit the sick." Sufyan said, "And the captive refers to the imprisoned."  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ أَطْعِمُوا الْجَائِعَ وَفُكُّوا الْعَانِيَ وَعُودُوا الْمَرِيضَ قَالَ سُفْيَانُ وَالْعَانِي الْأَسِيرُ  

[Machine] I said to Ali, "O Amir al-Mu'minin, do you have any revelation?" He said, "No, by the One who split the seed and created the breeze, I only know what Allah gives understanding to a man. And there is nothing in the scriptures?" I asked. He said, "Reasoning and the liberation of a captive, and a believer is not to be killed by killing a polytheist." Zuhayr said, "So I said to Muttarif, what is the liberation of the captive?" He said, "That he is freed from the enemy." And the practice is according to that." Muttarif said, "The discerning mind."  

قُلْتُ لِعَلِيٍّ ؓ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ هَلْ عِنْدَكُمْ مِنَ الْوَحْيِ شَيْءٌ؟ قَالَ لَا وَالَّذِي فَلَقَ الْحَبَّةَ وَبَرَأَ النَّسَمَةَ مَا أَعْلَمُهُ إِلَّا فَهْمًا يُعْطِيهِ اللهُ ﷻ رَجُلًا وَمَا فِي الصَّحِيفَةِ قُلْتُ وَمَا فِي الصَّحِيفَةِ؟ قَالَ الْعَقْلُ وَفِكَاكُ الْأَسِيرِ وَلَا يُقْتَلُ مُؤْمِنٌ بِقَتْلِ مُشْرِكٍ وَقَالَ زُهَيْرٌ فَقُلْتُ لِمُطَرِّفٍ وَمَا فِكَاكُ الْأَسِيرِ؟ قَالَ أَنْ يُفَكَّ مِنَ الْعَدُوِّ وَجَرَتْ بِذَلِكَ السُّنَّةُ قَالَ مُطَرِّفٌ الْعَقْلُ الْمَعْقُلَةُ  

On the day of Hudaibiya, the Prophet ﷺ, the Prophet ﷺ made a peace treaty with the Al-Mushrikun on three conditions: 1. The Prophet ﷺ would return to them any person from Al-Mushrikun (polytheists, idolaters, pagans). 2. Al-Mushrikun pagans would not return any of the Muslims going to them, and 3. The Prophet ﷺ and his companions would come to Makkah the following year and would stay there for three days and would enter with their weapons in cases, e.g., swords, arrows, bows, etc. Abu Jandal came hopping, his legs being chained, but the Prophet ﷺ returned him to Al-Mushrikun. (Using translation from Bukhārī 2700)   

صَالَحَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ الْمُشْرِكِينَ يَوْمَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ عَلَى ثَلَاثَةِ أَشْيَاءَ عَلَى أَنَّ مَنْ أَتَاهُ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ رَدَّهُ إِلَيْهِمْ وَمَنْ أَتَاهُمْ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ لَمْ يَرُدُّوهُ وَعَلَى أَنْ يَدْخُلَهَا مِنْ قَابِلٍ فَيُقِيمَ بِهَا ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ وَلَا يَدْخُلَهَا إِلَّا بِجُلُبَّانِ السِّلَاحِ السَّيْفِ وَالْقَوْسِ وَنَحْوِهِ فَجَاءَ أَبُو جَنْدَلٍ يَحْجِلُ فِي قُيُودِهِ فَرَدَّهُ إِلَيْهِمْ  

[Machine] "Indeed, when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ made a treaty with the Quraysh on the Day of Hudaybiyah, he said to Ali, 'Write: In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.' Suhayl bin Amr said, 'We do not know the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Write: In Your name, O Allah.' The Prophet ﷺ said to Ali, 'Write: In Your name, O Allah.' The Prophet ﷺ said to Ali, 'Write: This is what Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah, has agreed upon.' Suhayl bin Amr said, 'If we knew that you were the Messenger of Allah, we would believe in you and not reject you. Write your name and the name of your father.' The Prophet ﷺ said to Ali, 'Write: Muhammad bin Abdullah.' He wrote, 'Whoever comes to us from you, we return them to you, and whoever comes to you from us, we leave them with you.' They said, 'O Messenger of Allah, do we give them this?' He said, 'Whoever comes to them from us, may Allah distance him, and whoever comes to us from them, we will return him to them.' Allah has made a way out and a means for him."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ لَمَّا صَالَحَ قُرَيْشًا يَوْمَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ قَالَ لِعَلِيٍّ ؓ اكْتُبْ بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ فَقَالَ سُهَيْلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو لَا نَعْرِفُ الرَّحْمَنَ الرَّحِيمَ اكْتُبْ بِاسْمِكَ اللهُمَّ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ لِعَلِيٍّ ؓ اكْتُبْ بِاسْمِكَ اللهُمَّ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ لِعَلِيٍّ ؓ اكْتُبْ هَذَا مَا صَالَحَ عَلَيْهِ مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ اللهِ فَقَالَ سُهَيْلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو لَوْ نَعْلَمُ أَنَّكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ لَصَدَّقْنَاكَ وَلَمْ نُكَذِّبْكَ اكْتُبِ اسْمَكَ وَاسْمَ أَبِيكَ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ لِعَلِيٍّ ؓ اكْتُبْ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللهِ وَكَتَبَ مَنْ أَتَانَا مِنْكُمْ رَدَدْنَاهُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَمَنْ أَتَاكُمْ مِنَّا تَرَكْنَاهُ عَلَيْكُمْ فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ نُعْطِيهِمْ هَذَا؟ قَالَ مَنْ أَتَاهُمْ مِنَّا فَأَبْعَدَهُ اللهُ وَمَنْ أَتَانَا مِنْهُمْ فَرَدَدْنَاهُ عَلَيْهِمْ جَعَلَ اللهُ ﷻ لَهُ فَرَجًا وَمَخْرَجًا  

[Machine] About Marwan and Al-Miswar ibn Makhrama in the story of Al-Hudaybiyah, and the departure of Suhail ibn Amr to the Prophet ﷺ . When he reached the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , they had a discussion until they agreed to a truce that would last for ten years, during which the people would be safe from each other. It was agreed that the following year, they would be able to perform Umrah in Makkah. Suhail came as a representative of the Makkans, and the terms of the treaty were written down. Then Abu Jandal ibn Suhail bin Amr came, bound in chains, and his father had imprisoned him. When Suhail saw him, he approached him and slapped him on the face, even though he had come seeking refuge with the Prophet ﷺ . Abu Jandal mentioned this incident in his writings. Abu Jandal's chains were removed, and he planned to travel to Makkah. When the Prophet ﷺ entered Madinah, Abu Basir ibn Utbah came to him, seeking reassurance and protection. He had brought a letter from the people of Makkah, which included a message from Akhnas ibn Shurayq and Azhar ibn Abd Awf. They sent the letter with their slave and a man from the Banu Amr ibn Luay tribe to relay their response. They met with the Prophet ﷺ and he called Abu Bas  

عَنْ مَرْوَانَ وَالْمِسْوَرِ بْنِ مَخْرَمَةَ فِي قِصَّةِ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ وَخُرُوجِ سُهَيْلِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَأَنَّهُ لَمَّا انْتَهَى إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ جَرَى بَيْنَهُمَا الْقَوْلُ حَتَّى وَقَعَ الصُّلْحُ عَلَى أَنْ تُوضَعَ الْحَرْبُ بَيْنَهُمَا عَشْرَ سِنِينَ وَأَنْ يَأْمَنَ النَّاسُ بَعْضُهُمْ مِنْ بَعْضٍ وَأَنْ يَرْجِعَ عَنْهُمْ عَامَهُمْ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ الْعَامُ الْمُقْبِلُ قَدِمَهَا خَلَّوْا بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ مَكَّةَ فَأَقَامَ بِهَا ثَلَاثًا وَأَنْ لَا يَدْخُلُهَا إِلَّا بِسِلَاحِ الرَّاكِبِ وَالسُّيُوفِ فِي الْقُرُبِ وَأَنَّهُ مَنْ أَتَانَا مِنْ أَصْحَابِكَ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِ وَلِيِّهِ لَمْ نَرُدَّهُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَأَنَّهُ مَنْ أَتَاكُمْ مِنَّا بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِ وَلِيِّهِ رَدَدْتَهُ عَلَيْنَا وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ فِي كَتَبَةِ الصَّحِيفَةِ قَالَ فَإِنَّ الصَّحِيفَةَ لَتُكْتَبُ إِذْ طَلَعَ أَبُو جَنْدَلِ بْنُ سُهَيْلِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو يَرْسُفُ فِي الْحَدِيدِ وَقَدْ كَانَ أَبُوهُ حَبَسَهُ فَأَفْلَتَ فَلَمَّا رَآهُ سُهَيْلٌ قَامَ إِلَيْهِ فَضَرَبَ وَجْهَهُ وَأَخَذَ بِلُبَّتِهِ فَتَلَّهُ وَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ قَدْ وَلِجَتِ الْقَضِيَّةُ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَكَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَأْتِيَكَ هَذَا قَالَ صَدَقْتَ وَصَاحَ أَبُو جَنْدَلٍ بِأَعْلَى صَوْتِهِ يَا مَعْشَرَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ أَأُرَدُّ إِلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ يَفْتِنُونَنِي فِي دِينِي؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لِأَبِي جَنْدَلٍ أَبَا جَنْدَلٍ اصْبِرْ وَاحْتَسِبْ فَإِنَّ اللهَ جَاعِلٌ لَكَ وَلِمَنْ مَعَكَ مِنَ الْمُسْتَضْعَفِينَ فَرَجًا وَمَخْرَجًا إِنَّا قَدْ صَالَحْنَا هَؤُلَاءِ الْقَوْمَ وَجَرَى بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَهُمُ الْعَهْدُ وَإِنَّا لَا نَغْدِرُ فَقَامَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ يَمْشِي إِلَى جَنْبِ أَبِي جَنْدَلٍ وَأَبُوهُ يَتُلُّهُ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ أَبَا جَنْدَلٍ اصْبِرْ وَاحْتَسِبْ فَإِنَّمَا هُمُ الْمُشْرِكُونَ وَإِنَّمَا دَمُ أَحَدِهِمْ دَمُ كَلْبٍ وَجَعَلَ عُمَرُ ؓ يُدْنِي مِنْهُ قَائِمَ السَّيْفِ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ رَجَوْتُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَهُ فَيَضْرِبَ بِهِ أَبَاهُ فَضَنَّ بِأَبِيهِ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ فِي التَّحَلُّلِ مِنَ الْعُمْرَةِ وَالرُّجُوعِ قَالَا وَلَمَّا قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ وَاطْمَأَنَّ بِهَا أَفْلَتَ إِلَيْهِ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ عُتْبَةُ بْنُ أَسِيدِ بْنِ جَارِيَةَ الثَّقَفِيُّ حَلِيفُ بَنِي زُهْرَةَ فَكَتَبَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِيهِ الْأَخْنَسُ بْنُ شَرِيقٍ وَالْأَزْهَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ عَوْفٍ وَبَعَثَا بِكِتَابِهِمَا مَعَ مَوْلًى لَهُمَا وَرَجُلٍ مِنْ بَنِي عَامِرِ بْنِ لُؤَيٍّ اسْتَأْجَرَاهُ لِيَرُدَّ عَلَيْهِمَا صَاحِبَهُمَا أَبَا بَصِيرٍ فَقَدِمَا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَدَفَعَا إِلَيْهِ كِتَابَهُمَا فَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَبَا بَصِيرٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا أَبَا بَصِيرٍ إِنَّ هَؤُلَاءِ الْقَوْمَ قَدْ صَالَحُونَا عَلَى مَا قَدْ عَلِمْتَ وَإِنَّا لَا نَغْدِرُ فَالْحَقْ بِقَوْمِكَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ تَرُدُّنِي إِلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ يَفْتِنُونَنِي فِي دِينِي وَيَعْبَثُونَ بِي؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ اصْبِرْ يَا أَبَا بَصِيرٍ وَاحْتَسِبْ فَإِنَّ اللهَ جَاعِلٌ لَكَ وَلِمَنْ مَعَكَ مِنَ الْمُسْتَضْعَفِينَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَرَجًا وَمَخْرَجًا قَالَ فَخَرَجَ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ وَخَرَجَا حَتَّى إِذَا كَانُوا بِذِي الْحُلَيْفَةِ جَلَسُوا إِلَى سُورِ جِدَارٍ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ لِلْعَامِرِيِّ أَصَارِمٌ سَيْفُكَ هَذَا يَا أَخَا بَنِي عَامِرٍ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ أَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِ؟ قَالَ إِنْ شِئْتَ فَاسْتَلَّهُ فَضَرَبَ بِهِ عُنُقَهُ وَخَرَجَ الْمَوْلَى يَشْتَدُّ فَطَلَعَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ جَالِسٌ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَلَمَّا رَآهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ هَذَا رَجُلٌ قَدْ رَأَى فَزَعًا فَلَمَّا انْتَهَى إِلَيْهِ قَالَ وَيْحَكَ مَا لَكَ ؟ قَالَ قَتَلَ صَاحِبُكُمْ صَاحِبِي فَمَا بَرِحَ حَتَّى طَلَعَ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ مُتَوَشِّحًا السَّيْفَ فَوَقَفَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ وَفَتْ ذِمَّتُكَ وَأَدَّى الله عَنْكَ وَقَدِ امْتَنَعْتُ بِنَفْسِي عَنِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ أَنْ يَفْتِنُونِي فِي دِينِي وَأَنْ يَعْبَثُوا بِي فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَيْلُ امِّهِ مِحَشَّ حَرْبٍ لَوْ كَانَ مَعَهُ رِجَالٌ فَخَرَجَ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ حَتَّى نَزَلَ بِالْعِيصِ وَكَانَ طَرِيقَ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ إِلَى الشَّامِ فَسَمِعَ بِهِ مَنْ كَانَ بِمَكَّةَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَبِمَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِيهِ فَلَحِقُوا بِهِ حَتَّى كَانَ فِي عُصْبَةٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ قَرِيبٍ مِنَ السِّتِّينَ أَوِ السَّبْعِينَ فَكَانُوا لَا يَظْفَرُونَ بِرَجُلٍ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ إِلَّا قَتَلُوهُ وَلَا تَمُرُّ عَلَيْهِمْ عِيرٌ إِلَّا اقْتَطَعُوهَا حَتَّى كَتَبَتْ فِيهَا قُرَيْشٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ يَسْأَلُونَهُ بِأَرْحَامِهِمْ لَمَا آوَاهُمْ فَلَا حَاجَةَ لَنَا بِهِمْ فَفَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَدِمُوا عَلَيْهِ الْمَدِينَةَ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ lamented the price of war if he had someone with him, and Abu Basir came with his spoils to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , so he said, "Take five, O Messenger of Allah." He said, "If I take five, I will not fulfill what I have promised them, but it is up to you to take from the spoils of your companion and go wherever you wish." So Abu Basir left with five others who had come with him from the Muslims in Mecca until they were between Al-Ais and Dhul-Murwah, from the land of Juhaynah on the path of the Quraysh's journey to Iraq. No caravan of the Quraysh passed by them without being seized and its companions killed. Abu Jandal ibn Suhail ibn Amr managed to escape with seventy riders who had embraced Islam and migrated. They caught up with Abu Basir and were reluctant to join the Messenger of Allah ﷺ during the truce with the polytheists. He then mentioned what happened after that in the sense of what has been mentioned and completed from it.  

رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَيْلُ امِّهِ مِسْعَرَ حَرْبٍ لَوْ كَانَ مَعَهُ أَحَدٌ وَجَاءَ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ بِسَلَبِهِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ خَمِّسْ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قَالَ إِنِّي إِذَا خَمَّسْتُهُ لَمْ أُوْفِ لَهُمْ بِالَّذِي عَاهَدْتُهُمْ عَلَيْهِ وَلَكِنْ شَأْنُكَ بِسَلَبِ صَاحِبِكَ وَاذْهَبْ حَيْثُ شِئْتَ فَخَرَجَ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ مَعَهُ خَمْسَةُ نَفَرٍ كَانُوا قَدِمُوا مَعَهُ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ مِنْ مَكَّةَ حَتَّى كَانُوا بَيْنَ الْعِيصِ وَذِي الْمَرْوَةِ مِنْ أَرْضِ جُهَيْنَةَ عَلَى طَرِيقِ عِيرَاتِ قُرَيْشٍ مِمَّا يَلِي سِيفَ الْبَحْرِ لَا يَمُرُّ بِهِمْ عِيرٌ لِقُرَيْشٍ إِلَّا أَخَذُوهَا وَقَتَلُوا أَصْحَابَهَا وَانْفَلَتَ أَبُو جَنْدَلِ بْنُ سُهَيْلِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو فِي سَبْعِينَ رَاكِبًا أَسْلَمُوا وَهَاجَرُوا فَلَحِقُوا بِأَبِي بَصِيرٍ وَكَرِهُوا أَنْ يَقْدَمُوا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِي هُدْنَةِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ مَا بَعْدَهُ بِمَعْنَى مَا تَقَدَّمَ وَأَتَمَّ مِنْهُ  

[Machine] "Allah's Messenger ﷺ forbade the polytheistic Quraish from the agreement that He made with them on the day of Hudaybiyah, wherein Allah revealed what He decided between them. Urwah bin Zubair informed me that he heard Marwan bin Al-Hakam and Miswar bin Makhrama narrating about the Companions of Allah's Messenger ﷺ. They said that when the Messenger ﷺ appointed Suhail bin Amr to act as a scribe, Suhail bin Amr stipulated a condition to the Messenger ﷺ that none of us should come to you, even if they were upon your religion, except that you send them back to us. So the believers disliked this and they protested against it or used other words. Imam Ahmad, may Allah have mercy on him, said that our sheikh did not mention this statement and its narration is in a different version. They persisted, and so the Messenger ﷺ wrote to Abu Jandal that day and returned him to his father, Suhail bin Amr, and no one else among the men was returned during that time, even if they were Muslims. The believing women came and Umm Kulthum, the daughter of Uqbah bin Abu Mu'ayt, who had come out to the Messenger ﷺ that day while she was in bondage, (her family) came to ask the Messenger ﷺ to return her to them, but he did not return her to them due to what Allah revealed about them (the believing women) in the Qur'an: 'When believing women come to you, giving you a pledge (concerning their behavior and conduct under Islam), that they will not associate anything with Allah, nor steal, nor commit unlawful sexual intercourse, nor kill their children' (Al-Mumtahinah 10). Urwah said that 'Aishah informed me that Allah's Messenger ﷺ used to test them (the believing women) through this Ayah: 'O Prophet, when believing women come to you giving you a pledge…' (Al-Mumtahinah 12). Urwah said that 'Aishah said: whoever accepted this condition among them, the Messenger ﷺ would say to her, 'I have pledged allegiance to you with a word that I speak to you with, and by Allah, never has the hand of a woman been shaken in allegiance by mine.' He would only accept their pledge of allegiance by verbal agreement."  

اللهِ ﷺ مُشْرِكِي قُرَيْشٍ عَلَى الْمُدَّةِ الَّتِي جَعَلَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهُمْ يَوْمَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ أَنْزَلَ اللهُ فِيمَا قَضَى بِهِ بَيْنَهُمْ فَأَخْبَرَنِي عُرْوَةُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ مَرْوَانَ بْنَ الْحَكَمِ وَالْمِسْوَرَ بْنَ مَخْرَمَةَ يُخْبِرَانِ عَنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ لَمَّا كَاتَبَ سُهَيْلَ بْنَ عَمْرٍو يَوْمَئِذٍ كَانَ فِيمَا اشْتَرَطَ سُهَيْلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ لَا يَأْتِيكَ مِنَّا أَحَدٌ وَإِنْ كَانَ عَلَى دِينِكَ إِلَّا رَدَدْتَهُ إِلَيْنَا فَخَلَّيْتَ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَهُ فَكَرِهَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ ذَلِكَ وَأَلْغَطُوا بِهِ أَوْ قَالَ كَلِمَةً أُخْرَى قَالَ الْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ لَمْ يَقُلْ شَيْخُنَا هَذِهِ الْكَلِمَةَ وَرِوَايَتُهُ فِي نُسْخَةٍ وَامْتَعَظُوا وَأَبَى سُهَيْلٌ إِلَّا ذَلِكَ فَكَاتَبَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَرَدَّ يَوْمَئِذٍ أَبَا جَنْدَلٍ إِلَى أَبِيهِ سُهَيْلِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو وَلَمْ يَأْتِهِ أَحَدٌ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ إِلَّا رَدَّهُ فِي تِلْكَ الْمُدَّةِ وَإِنْ كَانَ مُسْلِمًا وَجَاءَتِ الْمُؤْمِنَاتُ وَكَانَتْ أُمُّ كُلْثُومٍ بِنْتُ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ أَبِي مُعَيْطٍ مِمَّنْ خَرَجَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ يَوْمَئِذٍ وَهِيَ عَاتِقٌ فَجَاءَ أَهْلُهَا يَسْأَلُونَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ يُرْجِعَهَا إِلَيْهِمْ فَلَمْ يُرْجِعْهَا إِلَيْهِمْ لِمَا أَنْزَلَ اللهُ فِيهِنَّ {إِذَا جَاءَكُمُ الْمُؤْمِنَاتُ مُهَاجِرَاتٍ فَامْتَحِنُوهُنَّ اللهُ أَعْلَمُ بِإِيمَانِهِنَّ فَإِنْ عَلِمْتُمُوهُنَّ مُؤْمِنَاتٍ فَلَا تَرْجِعُوهُنَّ إِلَى الْكُفَّارِ لَا هُنَّ حِلٌّ لَهُمْ وَلَا هُمْ يَحِلُّونَ لَهُنَّ} [الممتحنة 10] قَالَ عُرْوَةُ فَأَخْبَرَتْنِي عَائِشَةُ ؓ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ يَمْتَحِنُهُنَّ بِهَذِهِ الْآيَةِ {يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ إِذَا جَاءَكَ الْمُؤْمِنَاتُ يُبَايِعْنَكَ عَلَى أَنْ لَا يُشْرِكْنَ بِاللهِ شَيْئًا وَلَا يَسْرِقْنَ وَلَا يَزْنِينَ وَلَا يَقْتُلْنَ أَوْلَادَهُنَّ} [الممتحنة 12] الْآيَةَ قَالَ عُرْوَةُ قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ ؓ فَمَنْ أَقَرَّ بِهَذَا الشَّرْطِ مِنْهُنَّ قَالَ لَهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَدْ بَايَعْتُكِ كَلَامًا يُكَلِّمُهَا بِهِ وَاللهِ مَا مَسَّتْ يَدُهُ يَدَ امْرَأَةٍ قَطُّ فِي الْمُبَايَعَةِ مَا بَايَعَهُنَّ إِلَّا بِقَوْلِهِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ left Hudaybiyah and mentioned the hadith in the meaning of what had happened. Then some believing women who had migrated came, and Allah prohibited them from returning them. And He commanded them to present the dowry.  

خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ زَمَنَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ بِمَعْنَى مَا مَضَى زَادَ ثُمَّ جَاءَ نِسْوَةٌ مُؤْمِنَاتٌ مُهَاجِرَاتٌ الْآيَةَ فَنَهَاهُمُ اللهُ أَنْ يَرُدُّوهُنَّ وَأَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يَرُدُّوا الصَّدَاقَ  

[Machine] About the saying of Allah: "When the believing women come to you as emigrants, examine them" [Surah Al-Mumtahanah 10], Urwah wrote to him that the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , approved of the women of Hudaybiyyah and made it a condition for them that whoever came to him without the permission of their guardian, he would send them back. So when the Muslim women migrated to the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , Allah commanded him to examine them. If they came seeking Islam willingly, he would not send them back. Allah said: "But if you know them to be believers, then do not return them to the disbelievers" [Surah Al-Mumtahanah 10]. So the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , detained the women and sent back the men.  

عَنْ قَوْلِ اللهِ ﷻ {إِذَا جَاءَكُمُ الْمُؤْمِنَاتُ مُهَاجِرَاتٍ فَامْتَحِنُوهُنَّ} [الممتحنة 10] فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ عُرْوَةُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ صَالَحَ أَهْلَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ وَشَرَطَ لَهُمْ أَنَّهُ مَنْ أَتَاهُ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِ وَلِيِّهِ رَدَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ فَلَمَّا هَاجَرَ الْمُسْلِمَاتُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَمَرَهُ اللهُ بِامْتِحَانِهِنَّ فَإِنْ كُنَّ جِئْنَ رَغْبَةً فِي الْإِسْلَامِ لَمْ يَرُدَّهُنَّ عَلَيْهِمْ قَالَ اللهُ ﷻ {فَإِنْ عَلِمْتُمُوهُنَّ مُؤْمِنَاتٍ فَلَا تَرْجِعُوهُنَّ إِلَى الْكُفَّارِ} [الممتحنة 10] فَحَبَسَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ النِّسَاءَ وَرَدَّ الرِّجَالَ  

[Machine] Zuhri and Abdullah bin Abi Bakr narrated to me, they said: Umm Kulthum, the daughter of Uqba bin Abu Mu'ayt, emigrated to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in the year of Hudaybiyyah. Her brothers Al-Walid and Fulan, the sons of Uqba, came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ seeking her return. He refused to return her to them, for a narration from Ma'mar from Zuhri in the Hudaybiyyah peace treaty came, saying: Suhail said, "You should not return any man to us, even if he is upon your religion, except that you send him back to us." This indicates that women were not included in this condition.  

حَدَّثَنِي الزُّهْرِيُّ وَعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ قَالَا هَاجَرَتْ أُمُّ كُلْثُومٍ بِنْتُ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ أَبِي مُعَيْطٍ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ عَامَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ فَجَاءَ أَخَوَاهَا الْوَلِيدُ وَفُلَانٌ ابْنَا عُقْبَةَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ يَطْلُبَانِهَا فَأَبَى أَنْ يَرُدَّهَا عَلَيْهِمَا وَقَدْ مَضَى فِي رِوَايَةِ مَعْمَرٍ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ فِي صُلْحِ حُدَيْبِيَةَ فَقَالَ سُهَيْلٌ عَلَى أَنْ لَا يَأْتِيَكَ مِنَّا رَجُلٌ وَإِنْ كَانَ عَلَى دِينِكَ إِلَّا رَدَدْتَهُ إِلَيْنَا وَفِي ذَلِكَ دَلَالَةٌ عَلَى أَنَّ النِّسَاءَ لَمْ يَدْخُلْنَ فِي هَذَا الشَّرْطِ  

[Machine] Abbas, if a slave or a female slave migrates to the disbelievers, the people of the treaty should not return them, but their ransoms should be returned.  

عَبَّاسٍ ؓ وَإِنْ هَاجَرَ عَبْدٌ أَوْ أَمَةٌ لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ أَهْلِ الْعَهْدِ لَمْ يُرَدُّوا وَرُدَّتْ أَثْمَانُهُمْ