7. Sūrat al-Aʾrāf

٧۔ سُورَةُ الأعرَاف

Qurʾān > Chapter 7 > Section 23
القرآن > كتاب ٧ > باب ٢٣

7.23 Scourge of God against Pharaoh and his chiefs, and their final destruction.

٧۔٢٣ مقطع في سُورَةُ الأعرَاف

quran:7:130 –

And We certainly seized the people of Pharaoh with years of famine and a deficiency in fruits that perhaps they would be reminded.  

And verily We seized Pharaoh’s folk with the years, of drought, and dearth of fruits, so that they might remember, ˹that they might˺ heed the admonition, and become believers.
القرآن:٧:١٣٠ –

وَلَقَدْ أَخَذْنَا آلَ فِرْعَوْنَ بِالسِّنِينَ وَنَقْصٍ مِنَ الثَّمَرَاتِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَذَّكَّرُونَ  

{ولقد أخذنا آل فرعون بالسِّنين} بالقحط {ونقص من الثمرات لعلهم يذكرون} يتعظون فيؤمنون.
quran:7:131 –

But when good came to them, they said, "This is ours ˹by right˺." And if a bad ˹condition˺ struck them, they saw an evil omen in Moses and those with him. Unquestionably, their fortune is with Allah, but most of them do not know.  

But whenever a good thing, ˹such as˺ fertility and abundance, befell them, they said, ‘This belongs to us’, that is, we deserve it, and they did not give thanks for it; and whenever an evil thing, ˹such as˺ drought or hardship, smote them, they would augur ill of Moses and those, believers, with him. Surely their ill augury is with God, Who brings it upon them, but most of them do not know, that whatever befalls them is from Him.
القرآن:٧:١٣١ –

فَإِذَا جَاءَتْهُمُ الْحَسَنَةُ قَالُوا لَنَا هَٰذِهِ ۖ وَإِنْ تُصِبْهُمْ سَيِّئَةٌ يَطَّيَّرُوا بِمُوسَىٰ وَمَنْ مَعَهُ ۗ أَلَا إِنَّمَا طَائِرُهُمْ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ  

{فإذا جاءتهم الحسنة} الخصب والغنى {قالوا لنا هذه} أي نستحقها ولم يشكروا عليها {وإن تصبهم سيئة} جدب وبلاء {يَطَّيَّروا} يتشاءموا {بموسى ومن معه} من المؤمنين {ألا إنما طائرهم} شؤمهم {عند الله} يأتيهم به {ولكن أكثرهم لا يعلمون} أنَّ ما يصيبهم من عنده.
quran:7:132 –

And they said, "No matter what sign you bring us with which to bewitch us, we will not be believers in you."  

And they said, to Moses, ‘Whatever sign you bring us, to cast a spell upon us therewith, we will not believe in you’, and so he ˹Moses˺ invoked God against them.
القرآن:٧:١٣٢ –

وَقَالُوا مَهْمَا تَأْتِنَا بِهِ مِنْ آيَةٍ لِتَسْحَرَنَا بِهَا فَمَا نَحْنُ لَكَ بِمُؤْمِنِينَ  

{وقالوا} لموسى {مهما تأتنا به من آية لتسحرنا بها فما نحن لك بمؤمنين} فدعا عليهم.
quran:7:133 –

So We sent upon them the flood and locusts and lice and frogs and blood as distinct signs, but they were arrogant and were a criminal people.  

So We unleashed upon them the flood, of water, which penetrated their houses and which for seven days would come up to people’s necks as they sat; and the locusts, which consumed their crops and fruits, likewise ˹engulfing them for seven days˺; and the lice (al-qummal is like al-sūs, ‘woodworm’, or al-qurād, ‘ticks’), which would follow ˹and consume˺ what the locusts left behind; and the frogs, such that they infested their houses and food supplies; and the blood, ˹flowing˺ in their water, distinct, clear, signs: but they were too scornful, to believe in them, and were a sinful folk.
القرآن:٧:١٣٣ –

فَأَرْسَلْنَا عَلَيْهِمُ الطُّوفَانَ وَالْجَرَادَ وَالْقُمَّلَ وَالضَّفَادِعَ وَالدَّمَ آيَاتٍ مُفَصَّلَاتٍ فَاسْتَكْبَرُوا وَكَانُوا قَوْمًا مُجْرِمِينَ  

{فأرسلنا عليهم الطُّوفان} وهو ماء دخل بيوتهم ووصل إلى حلوق الجالسين سبعة أيام {والجراد} فأكل زرعهم وثمارهم، كذلك {والقمَّل} السوس أو نوع من القراد، فتتبع ما تركه الجراد {والضفادع} فملأت بيوتهم وطعامهم {والدم} في مياههم {آياتِ مفصَّلاتِ} مبينات {فاستكبروا} عن الإيمان بها {وكانوا قوما مجرمين}.
quran:7:134 –

And when the punishment descended upon them, they said, "O Moses, invoke for us your Lord by what He has promised you. If you ˹can˺ remove the punishment from us, we will surely believe you, and we will send with you the Children of Israel."  

And when the terror, the chastisement, fell upon them, they said, ‘O Moses, pray to your Lord for our sake by the covenant which He has made with you, to remove the chastisement from us if we believe. Indeed if (la-in: the lām is for oaths) you remove from us the terror, verily we will believe in you and let the Children of Israel go with you’.
القرآن:٧:١٣٤ –

وَلَمَّا وَقَعَ عَلَيْهِمُ الرِّجْزُ قَالُوا يَا مُوسَى ادْعُ لَنَا رَبَّكَ بِمَا عَهِدَ عِنْدَكَ ۖ لَئِنْ كَشَفْتَ عَنَّا الرِّجْزَ لَنُؤْمِنَنَّ لَكَ وَلَنُرْسِلَنَّ مَعَكَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ  

{ولما وقع عليهم الرجز} العذاب {قالوا يا موسى ادع لنا ربَّك بما عهد عندك} من كشف العذاب عنا إن آمنا {لئن} لام قسم {كشفت عنا الرجز لنؤمنن لك ولنرسلنَّ معك بني إسرائيل}.
quran:7:135 –

But when We removed the punishment from them until a term which they were to reach, then at once they broke their word.  

But when We removed, through the supplication of Moses, the terror from them to a term which they should reach, lo! they were already reneging, breaking their covenant and persisting in their disbelief.
القرآن:٧:١٣٥ –

فَلَمَّا كَشَفْنَا عَنْهُمُ الرِّجْزَ إِلَىٰ أَجَلٍ هُمْ بَالِغُوهُ إِذَا هُمْ يَنْكُثُونَ  

{فلمًّا كشفنا} بدعاء موسى {عنهم الرجز إلى أجل هم بالغوه إذا هم ينكثون} ينقضون عهدهم ويصرون على كفرهم.
quran:7:136 –

So We took retribution from them, and We drowned them in the sea because they denied Our signs and were heedless of them.  

So We exacted retribution from them and therefore We drowned them in the sea (al-yamm denotes salty waters) for, the reason, that they denied Our signs and were heedless of them, not reflecting upon them.
القرآن:٧:١٣٦ –

فَانْتَقَمْنَا مِنْهُمْ فَأَغْرَقْنَاهُمْ فِي الْيَمِّ بِأَنَّهُمْ كَذَّبُوا بِآيَاتِنَا وَكَانُوا عَنْهَا غَافِلِينَ  

{فانتقمنا منهم فأغرقناهم في اليمِّ} البحر الملح {بأنهم} بسبب أنهم {كذَّبوا بآياتنا وكانوا عنها غافلين} لا يتدبرونها.
quran:7:137 –

And We caused the people who had been oppressed to inherit the eastern regions of the land and the western ones, which We had blessed. And the good word of your Lord was fulfilled for the Children of Israel because of what they had patiently endured. And We destroyed ˹all˺ that Pharaoh and his people were producing and what they had been building.  

And We bequeathed upon the people who were oppressed, through bondage, namely, the Children of Israel, the eastern parts of the land and the western parts thereof which We had blessed, with water and trees (allatī bāraknā fīhā, ‘which We had blessed’, is an adjectival qualification of al-ard, ‘the land’), and this was Syria, and the fair word of your Lord was fulfilled, which was His saying, exalted be He: Yet We desired to be gracious to those who were oppressed in the land ... to the end ˹of the verse, Q. 28:5˺, for the Children of Israel because they endured patiently, persecution at the hands of their enemy; and We destroyed utterly what Pharaoh and his folk had been creating, by way of architecture, and what they had been erecting (read ya‘rishūn or ya‘rushūn), ˹what they had been˺ raising of edifices.
القرآن:٧:١٣٧ –

وَأَوْرَثْنَا الْقَوْمَ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا يُسْتَضْعَفُونَ مَشَارِقَ الْأَرْضِ وَمَغَارِبَهَا الَّتِي بَارَكْنَا فِيهَا ۖ وَتَمَّتْ كَلِمَتُ رَبِّكَ الْحُسْنَىٰ عَلَىٰ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ بِمَا صَبَرُوا ۖ وَدَمَّرْنَا مَا كَانَ يَصْنَعُ فِرْعَوْنُ وَقَوْمُهُ وَمَا كَانُوا يَعْرِشُونَ  

{وأورثنا القوم الذين كانوا يُستضعفون} بالاستعباد، وهم بنو إسرائيل {مشارق الأرض ومغاربها التي باركنا فيها} بالماء والشجر، صفة للأرض وهي الشام {وتمت كلمة ربَّك الحسنى} وهي قوله تعالى (ونريد أن نمنَّ على الذين استضعفوا في الأرض) إلخ {على بني إسرائيل بما صبروا} على أذى عدوهم {ودمَّرنا} أهلكنا {ما كان يصنع فرعون وقومه} من العمارة {وما كانوا يعرُِشون} بكسر الراء وضمها، يرفعون من البنيان.