7. Sūrat al-Aʾrāf

٧۔ سُورَةُ الأعرَاف

Qurʾān > Chapter 7 > Section 17
القرآن > كتاب ٧ > باب ١٧

7.17 Behavior of the disbelievers with the Prophet Shuᶜayb.

٧۔١٧ مقطع في سُورَةُ الأعرَاف

quran:7:88 –

Said the eminent ones who were arrogant among his people, "We will surely evict you, O Shu'ayb, and those who have believed with you from our city, or you must return to our religion." He said, "Even if we were unwilling?"  

Said the council of those of his people who were disdainful, of believing: ‘Surely we will expel you, O Shu‘ayb, and those who believe with you, from our city, unless you return to our creed’, our religion (the plural person predominates over the singular in their address ˹to Shu‘ayb˺ because Shu‘ayb was never part of their religious community; and so in the same ˹plural˺ way he responded:) He said, ‘What, should we return to it, even though we are averse, to it? (the interrogative is meant as a disavowal).
القرآن:٧:٨٨ –

قَالَ الْمَلَأُ الَّذِينَ اسْتَكْبَرُوا مِنْ قَوْمِهِ لَنُخْرِجَنَّكَ يَا شُعَيْبُ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مَعَكَ مِنْ قَرْيَتِنَا أَوْ لَتَعُودُنَّ فِي مِلَّتِنَا ۚ قَالَ أَوَلَوْ كُنَّا كَارِهِينَ  

{قال الملأ الذين استكبروا من قومه} عن الإيمان {لنخرجنك يا شعيب والذين آمنوا معك من قريتنا أو لتعودُن} ترجعن {في ملتنا} ديننا وغلبوا في الخطاب الجمع على الواحد لأن شعيبا لم يكن في ملتهم قط وعلى نحوه أجاب {قال أ} نعود فيها {ولو كنا كارهين} لها استفهام إنكار.
quran:7:89 –

We would have invented against Allah a lie if we returned to your religion after Allah had saved us from it. And it is not for us to return to it except that Allah, our Lord, should will. Our Lord has encompassed all things in knowledge. Upon Allah we have relied. Our Lord, decide between us and our people in truth, and You are the best of those who give decision."  

We would be forging a lie against God if we were to return to your creed, after God has delivered us from it. It is not, right, for us to return to it, unless God our Lord wills, that ˹it be so˺ and forsakes us. Our Lord embraces all things through His knowledge, that is to say, His knowledge embraces all things, including my situation and yours. In God we have put our trust. Our Lord, decide, adjudicate, between us and our people, for You are the best of deciders’, adjudicators.
القرآن:٧:٨٩ –

قَدِ افْتَرَيْنَا عَلَى اللَّهِ كَذِبًا إِنْ عُدْنَا فِي مِلَّتِكُمْ بَعْدَ إِذْ نَجَّانَا اللَّهُ مِنْهَا ۚ وَمَا يَكُونُ لَنَا أَنْ نَعُودَ فِيهَا إِلَّا أَنْ يَشَاءَ اللَّهُ رَبُّنَا ۚ وَسِعَ رَبُّنَا كُلَّ شَيْءٍ عِلْمًا ۚ عَلَى اللَّهِ تَوَكَّلْنَا ۚ رَبَّنَا افْتَحْ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ قَوْمِنَا بِالْحَقِّ وَأَنْتَ خَيْرُ الْفَاتِحِينَ  

{قد افترينا على الله كذبا إن عدنا في ملَّتكم بعد إذ نجَّانا الله منها وما يكون} ينبغي {لنا أن نعود فيها إلا أن يشاء الله ربُّنا} ذلك فيخذلنا {وسع ربُّنا كلَّ شيء علما} أي وسع علمه كل شيء ومنه حالي وحالكم {على الله توكلنا ربنا افتح} احكم {بيننا وبين قومنا بالحق وأنت خير الفاتحين} الحاكمين.
quran:7:90 –

Said the eminent ones who disbelieved among his people, "If you should follow Shu'ayb, indeed, you would then be losers."  

Said the council of those of his people who disbelieved, that is, some said to others: ‘Verily if (la-in: the lām is for oaths) you follow Shu‘ayb, you shall indeed be losers’.
القرآن:٧:٩٠ –

وَقَالَ الْمَلَأُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْ قَوْمِهِ لَئِنِ اتَّبَعْتُمْ شُعَيْبًا إِنَّكُمْ إِذًا لَخَاسِرُونَ  

{وقال الملأ الذين كفروا من قومه} أي قال بعضهم لبعض {لئن} لام قسم {اتبعتم شعيبا إنكم إذًا الخاسرون}.
quran:7:91 –

So the earthquake seized them, and they became within their home ˹corpses˺ fallen prone.  

So the Trembling, the violent earthquake, seized them, and they lay lifeless prostrate in their habitations, keeled over their knees, dead.
القرآن:٧:٩١ –

فَأَخَذَتْهُمُ الرَّجْفَةُ فَأَصْبَحُوا فِي دَارِهِمْ جَاثِمِينَ  

{فأخذتهم الرجفة} الزلزلة الشديدة {فأصبحوا في دارهم جاثمين} باركين على الركب ميِّتين.
quran:7:92 –

Those who denied Shu'ayb - it was as though they had never resided there. Those who denied Shu'ayb - it was they who were the losers.  

Those who denied Shu‘ayb (alladhīna kadhdhabū Shu‘ayban, this constitutes the subject ˹of the sentence˺, the predicate of which is ˹introduced by the following ka-an, ‘as if’˺), it is as if (ka-an, has been softened, its subject omitted, in other words ˹understand it as˺ ka-annahum) they had never dwelt, ˹never˺ had residence, there, in those dwelling-places of theirs; those who denied Shu‘ayb, they were the losers (the emphasis effected by the repetition of the relative clause ˹alladhīna kadhdhabū Shu‘ayban, ‘those who denied Shu‘ayb’˺ and what follows it is intended as a refutation of what they had said previously ˹sc. ‘if you follow Shu‘ayb, you shall indeed be losers’˺).
القرآن:٧:٩٢ –

الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا شُعَيْبًا كَأَنْ لَمْ يَغْنَوْا فِيهَا ۚ الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا شُعَيْبًا كَانُوا هُمُ الْخَاسِرِينَ  

{الذين كذَّبوا شعيبا} مبتدأ خبره {كأن} مخففة واسمها محذوف أي كأنهم {لم يَغنوا} يقيموا {فيها} في ديارهم {الذين كذَّبوا شعيبا كانوا هم الخاسرين} التأكيد بإعادة الموصول وغيره للرد عليهم في قولهم السابق.
quran:7:93 –

And he turned away from them and said, "O my people, I had certainly conveyed to you the messages of my Lord and advised you, so how could I grieve for a disbelieving people?"  

So he turned back on them, and said, ‘O my people, I have conveyed to you the Messages of my Lord and advised you sincerely, but you believe not: so why should I grieve for a disbelieving people?’ (the interrogative is meant ˹rhetorically˺ as a negation).
القرآن:٧:٩٣ –

فَتَوَلَّىٰ عَنْهُمْ وَقَالَ يَا قَوْمِ لَقَدْ أَبْلَغْتُكُمْ رِسَالَاتِ رَبِّي وَنَصَحْتُ لَكُمْ ۖ فَكَيْفَ آسَىٰ عَلَىٰ قَوْمٍ كَافِرِينَ  

{فتولى} أعرض {عنهم وقال يا قوم لقد أبلغتكم رسالات ربي ونصحت لكم} فلم تؤمنوا {فكيف آسى} أحزن {على قوم كافرين} استفهام بمعنى النفي.