7. Sūrat al-Aʾrāf

٧۔ سُورَةُ الأعرَاف

7.33 The role of different groups and God's scourge.

٧۔٣٣ مقطع في سُورَةُ الأعرَاف

quran:7:164

And when a community among them said, "Why do you advise ˹or warn˺ a people whom Allah is ˹about˺ to destroy or to punish with a severe punishment?" they ˹the advisors˺ said, "To be absolved before your Lord and perhaps they may fear Him."  

And when (wa-idh is a supplement to the preceding idh, ‘how’) a community among them, who neither fished nor prohibited it, said, to those who prohibited it: ‘Why do you preach ˹admonition˺ to a folk whom God is about to destroy or chastise with a severe chastisement?’ They said, our admonishing ˹them˺ is, ‘As an exculpation, by which we excuse ourselves, before your Lord, lest we are reproached for failing to prohibit ˹them˺ in any way; and so that they might be wary, of fishing’.
القرآن:٧:١٦٤

وَإِذْ قَالَتْ أُمَّةٌ مِنْهُمْ لِمَ تَعِظُونَ قَوْمًا ۙ اللَّهُ مُهْلِكُهُمْ أَوْ مُعَذِّبُهُمْ عَذَابًا شَدِيدًا ۖ قَالُوا مَعْذِرَةً إِلَىٰ رَبِّكُمْ وَلَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَّقُونَ  

{وإذ} عطف على إذ قبله {قالت أمَّة منهم} لم تصد ولم تنهَ لمن نهى {لم تعظون قوما الله مُهلكهم أو معذبهم عذابا شديدا قالوا} موعظتنا {معذرة} نعتذر بها {إلى ربِّكم} لئلا ننسب إلى تقصير في ترك النهي {ولعلَّهم يتقون} الصيد.
quran:7:165

And when they forgot that by which they had been reminded, We saved those who had forbidden evil and seized those who wronged, with a wretched punishment, because they were defiantly disobeying.  

And when they forgot, when they overlooked, that whereof they had been reminded, ˹that for which they had been˺ admonished, and did not desist, We delivered those who forbade evil, and seized those who did wrong, through transgression, with a grievous, terrible, chastisement for their wickedness.
القرآن:٧:١٦٥

فَلَمَّا نَسُوا مَا ذُكِّرُوا بِهِ أَنْجَيْنَا الَّذِينَ يَنْهَوْنَ عَنِ السُّوءِ وَأَخَذْنَا الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا بِعَذَابٍ بَئِيسٍ بِمَا كَانُوا يَفْسُقُونَ  

{فما نسوا} تركوا {ما ذكِّروا} وعظوا {به} فلم يرجعوا {أنجينا الذين ينهوْن عن السوء وأخذنا الذين ظلموا} بالاعتداء {بعذابٍ بَئيس} شديد {بما كانوا يفسقون}.
quran:7:166

So when they were insolent about that which they had been forbidden, We said to them, "Be apes, despised."  

And when they disdained, to desist from, that which was prohibited to them, We said to them, ‘Be apes, despised!’, abased, and they became so: this is an explication of what preceded ˹with regard to the details of their ‘grievous chastisement’˺. Ibn ‘Abbās said, ‘I do not know what befell the group that abstained’. ‘Ikrima said, ‘That group was not destroyed because they had been averse to what the others did and had said, ‘Why do you preach (admonition) …’ Al-Hākim reported ˹in a hadīth˺ that he ˹‘Ikrima˺ referred this opinion to Ibn ‘Abbās, who was delighted by it.
القرآن:٧:١٦٦

فَلَمَّا عَتَوْا عَنْ مَا نُهُوا عَنْهُ قُلْنَا لَهُمْ كُونُوا قِرَدَةً خَاسِئِينَ  

{فلما عَتَوا} تكبروا {عن} ترك {ما نهوا عنه قلنا لهم كونوا قردة خاسئين} صاغرين فكانوها، وهذا تفصيل لما قبله، قال ابن عباس: ما أدري ما فعل بالفرقة الساكنة وقال عكرمة: لم تهلك لأنها كرهت ما فعلوه، وقالت: لم تعظون إلخ، وروى الحاكم عن ابن عباس: أنه رجع إليه وأعجبه.
quran:7:167

And ˹mention˺ when your Lord declared that He would surely ˹continue to˺ send upon them until the Day of Resurrection those who would afflict them with the worst torment. Indeed, your Lord is swift in penalty; but indeed, He is Forgiving and Merciful.  

And when your Lord proclaimed, made it known, that He would send against them, that is, the Jews, to the Day of Resurrection, those who would inflict on them grievous torment, through humiliation and the exacting of the jizya-tax ˹from them˺. Thus, God sent Solomon against them, and after him, Nebuchadnezzar, who slaughtered ˹some of˺ them and took ˹others among˺ them captive, and imposed the jizya-tax on them. They continued to pay this ˹tax˺ to the Magians up until the ˹time of the˺ sending of our Prophet (s), who ˹also˺ imposed it on them. Lo! verily your Lord is swift in requital, of those who disobey Him. And lo! verily He is Forgiving, to those who obey Him, Merciful, ˹in dealing˺ with them.
القرآن:٧:١٦٧

وَإِذْ تَأَذَّنَ رَبُّكَ لَيَبْعَثَنَّ عَلَيْهِمْ إِلَىٰ يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ مَنْ يَسُومُهُمْ سُوءَ الْعَذَابِ ۗ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَسَرِيعُ الْعِقَابِ ۖ وَإِنَّهُ لَغَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ  

{وإذ تأذَّن} أعلم {ربُّك ليبعثنَّ عليهم} أي اليهود {إلى يوم القيامة من يسومهم سوء العذاب} بالذل وأخذ الجزية، فبعث عليهم سليمان وبعده بختنصر فقتلهم وسباهم وضرب عليهم الجزية فكانوا يؤدونها إلى المجوس إلى أن بعث نبينا ﷺ فضربها عليهم {إن ربك لسريع العقاب} لمن عصاه {وإنه لغفور} لأهل طاعته {رحيم} بهم.
quran:7:168

And We divided them throughout the earth into nations. Of them some were righteous, and of them some were otherwise. And We tested them with good ˹times˺ and bad that perhaps they would return ˹to obedience˺.  

And We divided them, We separated them, into communities, sects, in the earth. Some of them are righteous, and some of them, people ˹who˺, are otherwise, disbelievers and wicked individuals. And We tried them with good things, with graces, and evil things, with misfortunes, so that they might revert, from their wickedness.
القرآن:٧:١٦٨

وَقَطَّعْنَاهُمْ فِي الْأَرْضِ أُمَمًا ۖ مِنْهُمُ الصَّالِحُونَ وَمِنْهُمْ دُونَ ذَٰلِكَ ۖ وَبَلَوْنَاهُمْ بِالْحَسَنَاتِ وَالسَّيِّئَاتِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَرْجِعُونَ  

{وقطَّعناهم} فرَّقناهم {في الأرض أُمما} فرقا {منهم الصالحون ومنهم} ناس {دون ذلك} الكفار والفاسقون {وبلوناهم بالحسنات} بالنعم {والسيئات} النقم {لعلهم يرجعون} عن فسقهم.